Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 59 in total

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  1. International perspectives on the implementation of reproductive carrier screening
    Delatycki MB, Alkuraya F, Archibald A, Castellani C, Cornel M, Grody WW, et al.
    Prenat Diagn, 2020 02;40(3):301-310.
    PMID: 31774570 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5611
    Reproductive carrier screening started in some countries in the 1970s for hemoglobinopathies and Tay-Sachs disease. Cystic fibrosis carrier screening became possible in the late 1980s and with technical advances, screening of an ever increasing number of genes has become possible. The goal of carrier screening is to inform people about their risk of having children with autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive disorders, to allow for informed decision making about reproductive options. The consequence may be a decrease in the birth prevalence of these conditions, which has occurred in several countries for some conditions. Different programs target different groups (high school, premarital, couples before conception, couples attending fertility clinics, and pregnant women) as does the governance structure (public health initiative and user pays). Ancestry-based offers of screening are being replaced by expanded carrier screening panels with multiple genes that is independent of ancestry. This review describes screening in Australia, Cyprus, Israel, Italy, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It provides an insight into the enormous variability in how reproductive carrier screening is offered across the globe. This largely relates to geographical variation in carrier frequencies of genetic conditions and local health care, financial, cultural, and religious factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  2. On the indirect environmental outcomes of COVID-19: short-term revival with futuristic long-term implications
    Irfan M, Ahmad M, Fareed Z, Iqbal N, Sharif A, Wu H
    Int J Environ Health Res, 2021 Jan 15.
    PMID: 33448868 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1874888
    The aim of this study is to identify and highlight the positive and negative indirect environmental impacts of COVID-19, with a particular focus on the most affected economies (USA, China, Spain, and Italy). In this respect, the empirical and theoretical dimensions of the contents of those impacts are analyzed. Research findings reveal a significant relationship between contingency actions and positive indirect impacts such as air quality improvements, clean beaches, and the decline in environmental noise. Besides, negative indirect impacts also exist, such as the rise in waste level and curtailment in recycling, further threatening the physical spaces (land and water), besides air. It is expected that global businesses will revive in the near future (though slowly), but the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions during this short time span is not a sustainable way of environmental mitigation. Thus, long-term mitigation policies should be strengthened to cope with the undesirable deterioration of the environment. Research findings provide an up-to-date glimpse of the pandemic from the perspectives of current and future indirect environmental impacts and the post-pandemic situation. Finally, it is suggested to invent and prepare action plans to induce a sustainable economic and environmental future in the post-pandemic world scenario.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  3. The pill in figures and facts
    Von Keep PA
    Adv Fertil Control, 1967;2:1-5.
    PMID: 12275322
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  4. Fulltext Size-age population structure of an endangered and anthropogenically introgressed northern Adriatic population of marble trout (Salmo marmoratus Cuv.): insights for its conservation and sustainable exploitation
    Polgar G, Iaia M, Sala P, Khang TF, Galafassi S, Zaupa S, et al.
    PeerJ, 2023;11:e14991.
    PMID: 36949764 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14991
    Salmonid species are main actors in the Italian socio-ecological landscape of inland fisheries. We present novel data on the size-age structure of one of the remnant Italian populations of the critically endangered marble trout Salmo marmoratus, which co-occurs with other stocked non-native salmonids in a large glacial river of the Lake Maggiore basin (Northern Italy-Southern Switzerland). Like other Italian native trout populations, the Toce River marble trout population is affected by anthropogenic introgression with the non-native brown trout S. trutta. Our sample includes 579 individuals, mainly collected in the Toce River main channel. We estimated the length-weight relationship, described the population size-age structure, estimated the age-specific growth trajectories, and fit an exponential mortality model. A subset of the sample was also used to measure numerical and biomass density. The estimated asymptotic maximum length is ~105 cm total length (TL). Mean length at first maturity is ~55 cm TL, and mean length at maximum yield per recruit is ~68 cm TL. Approximately 45-70% of the population are estimated to die annually, along with a fishing annual mortality of ~37%, with an exploitation ratio of ~0.5. The frequency distribution of length classes in a sample collected by angling shows that ~80% of the individuals that could be retained according to the current recreational fishing regulations likely never reproduced, and large fish disproportionally contributing to recruitment are fished and retained. We identify possible overfishing risks posed by present regulations, and propose updated harvest-slot length limits to mitigate such risks. More detailed and long-term datasets on this system are needed to more specifically inform the fishery management and monitor the effects of any change in the management strategy on the size-age structure of the marble trout population of the Toce River.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  5. Fulltext Cross-Cultural Validation of Mood Profile Clusters in a Sport and Exercise Context
    Quartiroli A, Parsons-Smith RL, Fogarty GJ, Kuan G, Terry PC
    Front Psychol, 2018;9:1949.
    PMID: 30356841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01949
    Mood profiling has a long history in the field of sport and exercise. Several novel mood profile clusters were identified and described in the literature recently (Parsons-Smith et al., 2017). In the present study, we investigated whether the same clusters were evident in an Italian-language, sport and exercise context. The Italian Mood Scale (ITAMS; Quartiroli et al., 2017) was administered to 950 Italian-speaking sport participants (659 females, 284 males, 7 unspecified; age range = 16-63 year, M = 25.03, SD = 7.62) and seeded k-means clustering methodology applied to the responses. Six distinct mood profiles were identified, termed the iceberg, inverse iceberg, inverse Everest, shark fin, surface, and submerged profiles, which closely resembled those reported among English-speaking participants (Parsons-Smith et al., 2017). Significant differences were found in the distribution of specific mood profiles across gender and age groups. Findings supported the cross-cultural generalizability of the six mood profiles and offer new research avenues into their antecedents, correlates and behavioral consequences in Italian-language contexts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  6. Molecular characterization of influenza viruses circulating in Northern Italy during two seasons (2005/2006 and 2006/2007) of low influenza activity
    Pariani E, Amendola A, Zappa A, Bianchi S, Colzani D, Anselmi G, et al.
    J Med Virol, 2008 Nov;80(11):1984-91.
    PMID: 18814246 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21323
    The influenza activity and circulation of influenza viruses in Lombardy (the most populous Italian region) were observed during two consecutive seasons (2005/2006 and 2006/2007) characterized by low influenza activity by the Italian Influenza Surveillance Network. The molecular characteristics of circulating viruses were analyzed to evaluate the introduction of new variants and emergence of vaccine-escape viruses. In both seasons, the epidemic in Lombardy was sustained almost exclusively by influenza A viruses, accounting for 80.5% and 93.6% of total detections, respectively, and the co-circulation of A/H3 viruses belonging to distinct phylogenetic groups was observed. The A/H1N1 viruses isolated during the 2005/2006 season were closely related to A/New Caledonia/20/99, while the hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of the A/H1N1 viruses from the 2006/2007 season exhibited a greater diversity. These viruses were A/Solomon Islands/3/2006-like and showed several variants. All B isolates were similar to B/Malaysia/2506/2004 belonging to the B/Victoria/2/87-lineage. Influenza B virus was the dominant virus in Europe in the 2005/2006 season and accounted for the 20% of total detections in Lombardy. Overall, the viruses studied presented heterogeneity in their HA sequences suggesting the circulation of a miscellaneous set of variants during the two seasons notwithstanding the medium-low activity of influenza. The importance of virological surveillance of influenza viruses is recognized widely and the molecular characterization of the viruses, especially in vaccinated subjects, is of particular importance to evaluate the introduction and circulation of new variants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy/epidemiology
  7. Psychometric properties of an Italian translation of the Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS)
    Cerea S, Todd J, Ghisi M, Mancin P, Swami V
    Body Image, 2021 Sep;38:210-218.
    PMID: 33962221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.04.007
    The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS; Alleva et al., 2017) is a widely used instrument for the measurement of individual's appreciation of their body for what it can do and is capable of doing (i.e., functionality appreciation). Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a novel Italian translation of the FAS. A sample of 950 Italian adults completed the FAS, as well as previously validated measures of body image (body appreciation, body esteem, body surveillance), disordered eating symptoms, and psychological well-being (self-esteem, general distress). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a 1-dimensional model of FAS scores, with all 7 items retained. Scores achieved scalar invariance across gender, and the gender difference in latent FAS scores was not significant. FAS scores were found to have adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability up to three weeks, and convergent and criterion-related validity through significant correlations with all additional constructs. However, evidence of incremental validity was weak, and likely reflected high nomological and conceptual similarity between functionality and body appreciation in this national context. Overall, these results provide strong evidence that scores on the Italian FAS are psychometrically valid, which may aid future development of interventions to promote more positive body image in Italian-speaking samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  8. Motherhood status moderates the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentation and breast size dissatisfaction
    Lombardo C, Panasiti MS, Vacca M, Grano C, Swami V
    Body Image, 2019 Sep;30:75-80.
    PMID: 31200234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.05.005
    Perfectionistic self-presentation refers to a desire to create an image of flawlessness in the eyes of the others and has been associated with more negative body image. We extended previous research by examining associations between perfectionistic self-presentation and breast size dissatisfaction, and also examined whether motherhood status moderated this association. A total of 484 Italian women (age M = 40.39, SD = 13.73; mothers n = 53.9%) completed measures of perfectionistic self-presentation (perfectionistic self-promotion, nondisplay of imperfection, and nondisclosure of imperfection) and breast size dissatisfaction. Preliminary analyses indicated that a majority of the sample (69.2%) reported breast size dissatisfaction, with 44.4% and 24.4% desiring larger and smaller breasts, respectively, than they currently had. Only perfectionistic self-promotion and nondisplay of imperfection were significantly correlated with breast size dissatisfaction. Both associations were additionally moderated by motherhood status, with associations being significant in non-mothers but not in mothers. Our findings suggest that motherhood may help decouple the link between perfectionistic self-presentation and breast size dissatisfaction. Future studies should assess whether this effect is due to an enhanced maternal view of breasts that emphasises nurturing and biological functions or a result of weaker investment in sociocultural norms on physical appearance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  9. International differences in the epidemiology of male erectile dysfunction
    McKinlay JB, Digruttolo L, Glasser D, Sweeney M, Shirai MF
    Int J Clin Pract Suppl, 1999 Jun;102:35.
    PMID: 10665122
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy/epidemiology
  10. Fulltext Consensus statement from the international consensus meeting on post-traumatic cranioplasty
    Iaccarino C, Kolias A, Adelson PD, Rubiano AM, Viaroli E, Buki A, et al.
    Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2021 02;163(2):423-440.
    PMID: 33354733 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04663-5
    BACKGROUND: Due to the lack of high-quality evidence which has hindered the development of evidence-based guidelines, there is a need to provide general guidance on cranioplasty (CP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach.

    METHODS: The international consensus meeting on post-traumatic CP was held during the International Conference on Recent Advances in Neurotraumatology (ICRAN), in Naples, Italy, in June 2018. This meeting was endorsed by the Neurotrauma Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, and several other neurotrauma organizations. Discussions and voting were organized around 5 pre-specified themes: (1) indications and technique, (2) materials, (3) timing, (4) hydrocephalus, and (5) paediatric CP.

    RESULTS: The participants discussed published evidence on each topic and proposed consensus statements, which were subject to ratification using anonymous real-time voting. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70% for inclusion in the final recommendations.

    CONCLUSIONS: This document is the first set of practical consensus-based clinical recommendations on post-traumatic CP, focusing on timing, materials, complications, and surgical procedures. Future research directions are also presented.

    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  11. Fulltext A new member of the Pteropine Orthoreovirus species isolated from fruit bats imported to Italy
    Lorusso A, Teodori L, Leone A, Marcacci M, Mangone I, Orsini M, et al.
    Infect Genet Evol, 2015 Mar;30:55-58.
    PMID: 25497353 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.12.006
    A novel member of the Pteropine Orthoreovirus species has been isolated and sequenced for the whole genome from flying foxes (Pteropus vampyrus) imported to Italy from Indonesia. The new isolate named Indonesia/2010 is genetically similar to Melaka virus which has been the first virus of this species to be shown to be responsible for human respiratory disease. Our findings highlight the importance of flying foxes as vectors of potentially zoonotic viruses and the biological hazard that lies in the import of animals from geographical areas that are ecologically diverse from Europe.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  12. The anti-malaria campaign in Italy
    Sandosham AA
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1930;5:104-5.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  13. A holistic (Horney) approach to the psychoses: the schizophrenias. I. Sociocultural, developmental and psychogenetic factors
    Rubins JL
    Am J Psychoanal, 1969;29(2):131-46.
    PMID: 4900056
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  14. Vibrio coralliirubri sp. nov., a new species isolated from mucus of red coral (Corallium rubrum) collected at Procida island, Italy
    Poli A, Romano I, Mastascusa V, Buono L, Orlando P, Nicolaus B, et al.
    Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2018 Jul;111(7):1105-1115.
    PMID: 29299771 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-1013-5
    Strain Corallo1T was isolated from mucus of red coral (Corallium rubrum) at Punta Pizzaco (Procida island, Naples, Italy). It was characterised as a Gram-stain negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. Strain Corallo1T was found to show positive responses for cytochrome-c oxidase, catalase, reduction of nitrate and nitrite, β-galactosidase activity and hydrolysis of starch, xylan, peptone, Tween 40, Tween 80 and casein. Strain Corallo1T was found to be mesophilic, neutrophilic to alkalophilic and slightly halophilic. According to analysis of the almost-complete 16S rRNA gene, strain Corallo1T is closely related to Vibrio celticus (100% sequence similarity), Vibrio gigantis (100%), Vibrio crassostreae (99.7%), Vibrio artabrorum (99.7%) and Vibrio pomeroyi (99.6%). MLSA of five housekeeping genes (atpA, pyrH, recA, rpoA and rpoD) was performed to refine the phylogenetic relationships of strain Corallo1T. A draft genome sequence of strain Corallo1T was obtained. The DNA G+C content of this strain was determined to be 44.5 mol %. The major cellular fatty acids of strain Corallo1T are C16:1, n-C16:0 and C18:1, and the major isoprenoid ubiquinone is Q8. ANI indexes, in silico estimations of DDH values and wet lab DDH values demonstrated that strain Corallo1T represents an independent genomospecies. Based on a polyphasic taxonomic characterisation, strain Corallo1T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio coralliirubri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Corallo1T (= DSM 27495T = CIP 110630T).
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  15. Malaria in Italy and 'bonifications'
    Pampana EJ
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1937;12:1-8.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  16. Emerging trends in gene and bipolar disorder research: a bibliometric analysis and network visualisation
    Zakaria WNA, Wijaya A, Al-Rahbi B, Ahmad AH, Zakaria R, Othman Z
    Psychiatr Genet, 2023 Jun 01;33(3):102-112.
    PMID: 36825833 DOI: 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000338
    This study aims to use a bibliometric technique to evaluate the scientific output of gene and bipolar disorder research. The search query related to gene and bipolar disorder from the Scopus database identified 1848 documents from 1951 to 2020. The growth in the publications increased since early 1990, peaked in 2011, and started to decline thereafter. High occurrence in author keywords suggests that some research topics, such as "polymorphism", "linkage" and "association study" have waned over time, whereas others, such as "DNA methylation," "circadian rhythm," "" and "meta-analysis," are now the emerging trends in gene and bipolar disorder research. The USA was the country with the highest production followed by the UK, Canada, Italy and Germany. The leading institutions were Cardiff University in the UK, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in the USA, King's College London in the UK and the University of California, San Diego in the USA. The leading journals publishing gene and bipolar literature were the American Journal of Medical Genetics Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Molecular Psychiatry and Psychiatric Genetics. The top authors in the number of publications were Craddock N, Serretti A and Rietschel M. According to the co-authorship network analysis of authors, the majority of the authors in the same clusters were closely linked together and originated from the same or neighbouring country. The findings of this study may be useful in identifying emerging topics for future research and promoting research collaboration in the field of genetic studies related to bipolar disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  17. Comparison of propofol consumption and recovery time in Caucasians from Italy, with Chinese, Malays and Indians from Malaysia
    Ortolani O, Conti A, Chan YK, Sie MY, Ong GS
    Anaesth Intensive Care, 2004 Apr;32(2):250-5.
    PMID: 15957725
    Differences in sensitivity to anaesthetic drugs may exist among different ethnic groups. Allelic variants for drug metabolizing isoenzymes and pharmacokinetic differences may account for a variable response to some anaesthetic drugs. This study was designed to compare propofol consumption and recovery characteristics in four ethnic groups: Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Malaysia and Caucasians in Italy. Patients undergoing total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and fentanyl were evaluated for propofol consumption and recovery time. The Bispectral Index (BIS) was used to maintain the same anaesthesia depth in all patients. The BIS value, the response to verbal stimuli and eye-opening time were used to assess recovery. After propofol discontinuation the BIS values returned to baseline in 11+/-4.2 min for Caucasians, in 12.5+/-5.1 min for Chinese, 15.9+/-6.3 min for Malays and 22.1+/-8.1 for Indians. Time to eye-opening was 11.63+/-4.2 min in Caucasians, 13.23+/-4.9 min in Chinese, 16.97+/-5.2 min in Malays and 22.3+/-6.6 min in Indians. The propofol consumption was significantly lower in Indians compared to the other three groups (P<0.01). The recovery of Indians was much slower compared to Chinese, Malays and Caucasians. The recovery time of Malays is significantly slower compared to Chinese and Caucasians. Differences in propofol consumption and recovery time were not significant between Chinese and Caucasians, but the ratio recovery time/propofol consumption was significantly lower in Caucasians compared to all the other groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy/ethnology
  18. Fulltext The role of blood transfusion in HCV infection: a study testing Ab: RNA & genotype
    Al-Kubaisy, Waqar A., Niazi, Amjad D.
    Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(2):72-78.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) recently was identified as a major cause of post transfusion hepatitis world wide. To evaluate the role of blood transfusion on the prevalence of HCV infection, by testing antibody and RNA as well as the genotypes of HCV .Also to detect if Blood transfusion acts as unconfounding risk factor for HCV infection.
    Methods Sera from 3491 pregnant women were investigated for the presence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) by using third generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA-3) as screening test, followed by immunoblot assay (Lia Tek-III). In addition 94 sera of studied women were subjected to molecular analysis (at laboratories of Sorin BioMedica - Italy) for the detection of viral RNA and genotypes of HCV. Using RT-PCR & DNA Enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) method.
    Results Our study revealed, that seroprevalence rate of HCV specific Ab & RNA were significantly higher (16.32 %, 80% respectively) among women with a history of blood transfusion, compared to those (2.53%, 56.5%) with no such history P=0.0001, P=0.01. And there is a significant direct linear correlation between number of blood transfused and the seropositive rate of anti-HCV (r=0.7, p=0.046). Based on multivariate analysis, interestingly, this study confirmed that, blood transfusion significantly acting as unconfounding risk factor for acquiring HCV infection (Adjusted OR=1.938,95% C.I=1.646-2.28). And the risk of exposure is increases with increased number of blood transfused. Although, we found no significant association between, HCV genotypic distribution and history of blood transfusion. However, high proportion of women with a history of blood transfusion were harboring HCV genotype -4 or 1b, 50%,40%, resepctively.
    Conclusions Our study shows, evidence that, blood transfusion acts as unconfounding risk factor for acquiring and in a mode of transmission of HCV infection. Therefore strict screening of blood donor for HCV-Abs and / or RNA is highly recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  19. Rheumatology News and Views from APLAR Region
    Mok TM
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2015 Jun;18(5):583-6.
    PMID: 26082351 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.12676
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
  20. Fulltext Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis in Asia: A Consensus Guide
    Cheong WK, Yeung CK, Torsekar RG, Suh DH, Ungpakorn R, Widaty S, et al.
    Skin Appendage Disord, 2016 May;1(4):187-96.
    PMID: 27386464 DOI: 10.1159/000444682
    Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is common in Asia. Its prevalence is estimated to be 1-5% in adults. However, larger population-based studies into the epidemiology of SD in Asia are lacking, and the aetiology of SD may differ widely from Western countries and in different parts of Asia. In addition, clinically significant differences between Asian and Caucasian skin have been reported. There is a need to define standardized clinical diagnostic criteria and/or a grading system to help determine appropriate treatments for SD within Asia. With this in mind, experts from India, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Italy convened to define the landscape of SD in Asia at a meeting held in Singapore. The consensus group developed a comprehensive algorithm to aid clinicians to recommend appropriate treatment of SD in both adults and children. In most cases, satisfactory therapeutic results can be accomplished with topical antifungal agents or topical corticosteroids. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with antifungal properties have been shown to be a viable option for both acute and maintenance therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Italy
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