MyMedR

Karen A

World Hosp Health Serv, 2015;51(1):26-30.

Established 20 years ago with a single dialysis center assisting only 20 patients with 6 hemodialysis machines, Medicare has grown leaps and bounds to assist thousands of poor patients to obtain a highly subsidized rate for quality treatment. Millions of ringgit raised via various fundraising projects and events have been well utilized to serve the growing number of kidney patients in Malaysia who simply cannot bear the exorbitant cost of treatment. Staying true to its mission, Medicare extends its assistance to needy kidney patients and their families, who indirectly have become part of the Medicare family.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/etiology; Kidney Diseases/therapy*

Fulltext Molecular detection and characterisation of feline morbillivirus in domestic cats in Malaysia

Mohd Isa NH, Selvarajah GT, Khor KH, Tan SW, Manoraj H, Omar NH, et al.

Vet Microbiol, 2019 Sep;236:108382.

PMID: 31500720 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.08.005

Feline morbillivirus (FeMV), a novel virus from the family of Paramyxoviridae, was first identified in stray cat populations. The objectives of the current study were to (i) determine the molecular prevalence of FeMV in Malaysia; (ii) identify risk factors associated with FeMV infection; and (iii) characterise any FeMV isolates by phylogenetic analyses. Molecular analysis utilising nested RT-PCR assay targeting the L gene of FeMV performed on either urine, blood and/or kidney samples collected from 208 cats in this study revealed 82 (39.4%) positive cats. FeMV-positive samples were obtained from 63/124 (50.8%) urine and 20/25 (80.0%) kidneys while all blood samples were negative for FeMV. In addition, from the 35 cats that had more than one type of samples collected (blood and urine; blood and kidney; blood, urine and kidney), only one cat had FeMV RNA in the urine and kidney samples. Risk factors such as gender, presence of kidney-associated symptoms and cat source were also investigated. Male cats had a higher risk (p = 0.031) of FeMV infection than females. In addition, no significant association (p = 0.083) was observed between the presence of kidney-associated symptoms with FeMV status. From the 82 positive samples, FeMV RNA was detected from 48/82 (58.5%) pet cats and 34/126 (27.0%) shelter cats (p 

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/veterinary; Kidney Diseases/virology

Djenkol bean poisoning (djenkolism): proposals for treatment and prevention

West CE, Perrin DD, Shaw DC, Heap GH, Soemanto

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1973 Dec;4(4):564-70.

PMID: 4274568

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/chemically induced

Fulltext Invasive aspergillosis in paediatric oncology patients

Muda Z, Ibrahim H, Abdulrahman EJ, Menon BS, Zahari Z, Zaleha AM, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Dec;63(5):415-6.

PMID: 19803305 MyJurnal

Invasive aspergillosis predominantly occurs in immunocompromised patients and is often resistant to different therapeutically strategies. However, mortality significantly increases if the central nervous system is affected. In this report we describe two cases of invasive aspergilosis, one with kidney involvement with a successful treatment while the other with pulmonary and cerebral involvement with a grave outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/diagnosis; Kidney Diseases/microbiology*; Kidney Diseases/surgery

Fulltext Report of the Malaysian Registry of Renal Biopsy (MRRB)

Yahya R, Bavanandan S, Yap YC, Jazilah W, Shaariah W, Wong HS, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Sep;63 Suppl C:18-9.

PMID: 19230242

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/diagnosis*; Kidney Diseases/epidemiology

Fulltext A report of the Malaysian dialysis registry of the National Renal Registry, Malaysia

Lim YN, Lim TO, Lee DG, Wong HS, Ong LM, Shaariah W, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Sep;63 Suppl C:5-8.

PMID: 19230240

The Malaysian National Renal Registry was set up in 1992 to collect data for patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT). We present here the report of the Malaysian dialysis registry. The objectives of this papar are: (1) To examine the overall provision of dialysis treatment in Malaysia and its trend from 1980 to 2006. (2) To assess the treatment rate according to the states in the country. (3) To describe the method, location and funding of dialysis. (4) To characterise the patients accepted for dialysis treatment. (5) To analyze the outcomes of the dialysis treatment. Data on patients receiving dialysis treatment were collected at initiation of dialysis, at the time of any significant outcome, as well as yearly. The number of dialysis patients increased from 59 in 1980 to almost 15,000 in 2006. The dialysis acceptance rate increased from 3 per million population in 1980 to 116 per million population in 2006, and the prevalence rate from 4 to 550 per million population over the same period. The economically advantaged states of Malaysia had much higher dialysis treatment rates compared to the less economically advanced states. Eighty to 90% of new dialysis patients were accepted into centre haemodialysis (HD), and the rest into the chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) programme. The government provided about half of the funding for dialysis treatment. Patients older than 55 years accounted for the largest proportion of new patients on dialysis since the 1990s. Diabetes mellitus has been the main cause of ESRD and accounted for more than 50% of new ESRD since 2002. Annual death rate averaged about 10% on HD and 15% on CAPD. The unadjusted 5-year patient survival on both HD and CAPD was about 80%. Fifty percent of dialysis patients reported very good median QoL index score. About 70% of dialysis patients were about to work full or part time. There has been a very rapid growth of dialysis provision in Malaysia particularly in the older age groups. ESRD caused by diabetes mellitus, despite being a preventable and treatable cause of ESRD--has increased and accounted for more than 50% of incident dialysis patients. Death and survival rates on dialysis are comparable to those from other countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/mortality; Kidney Diseases/epidemiology; Kidney Diseases/therapy*

Fulltext The utilization of an index for serum globulin compensation in diseases associated with decreased serum albumin

Al-Joudi FS, Wahab NA

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):495-501.

PMID: 15779582 MyJurnal

The albumin globulin ratio (A/G ratio) is meant to represent the ratio of alterations in serum proteins, since, in liver disease, globulins (G) rise following serum albumin (SA) decrease. pathophysiological value, its' use has been limited. Alternatively, we have developed an index, the globulin compensation index (GCI) to measure the changes in serum globulins when albumin is decreased. The index is calculated as follows: G - 25 / 35 - SA. The GCI has been tested using retrospective patients' data from the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Analysis of the data shows that the GCI may be of potential value in showing the actual serum protein status, especially in cases where globulins are decreased along with albumin. Furthermore, globulin rise in cases with reduced albumin was found in 72.3% of cases of hepatic diseases, whereas this finding occurred in up to 32.3% of cases of non-hepatic, systemic diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/blood

Fulltext The management of psoas abscess

Bajaj HN, Choong LT

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53 Suppl A:95-8.

PMID: 10968189

The presentation and management of psoas abscess was studied prospectively in 5 patients and retrospectively in 4. 3 patients had bilateral abscesses. All patients had back pain and a mass in loin or iliac fossa. 7 patients had no hip findings. One patient had a perinephric abscess and another had radiological features of tuberculosis of the spine. In the other seven no cause for the abscess could be identified. Ultrasonography demonstrated the abscess in all patients; CT scanning done in 5 patients was confirmatory. Drainage was done by an extraperitoneal route. Biopsy of the abscess wall in 2 patients demonstrated tuberculosis. They, the patient with TB spine and 3 others put empirically on anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy responded well. The perinephric abscess grew Pseudomonas sensitive to gentamycin, but she and two other patients died due to multiorgan failure.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/complications

Fulltext Mortality patterns in Malaysian systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Yeap SS, Chow SK, Manivasagar M, Veerapen K, Wang F

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Sep;56(3):308-12.

PMID: 11732075

A retrospective analysis of the case records of 494 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients under follow-up at University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur during 1976-1990 was performed. Overall mortality was 20.2% (100 patients). The causes of death were infection (30%), renal (15%), respiratory (14%), neurological (5%), cardiovascular (7%), other causes (2%) and unknown (27%). Active SLE was a contributing factor in 19% of the deaths. The patients who died had significantly more renal disease, neurological disease, serositis or thrombocytopenia by the end of the first year of disease compared to the survivors. As in other series, infection and active SLE remain important causes of death.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/complications

Fulltext Lithium neurotoxicity

Suraya Y, Yoong KY

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Sep;56(3):378-81.

PMID: 11732087

Inspite of the advent of newer antimanic drugs, lithium carbonate remains widely used in the treatment and prevention of manic-depressive illness. However care has to be exercised due to its low therapeutic index. The central nervous system and renal system are predominantly affected in acute lithium intoxication and is potentially lethal. The more common side effect involves the central nervous system. It occurs early and is preventable. We describe three cases of lithium toxicity admitted to Johor Bahru Hospital, with emphasis on its neurological preponderance.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/chemically induced

Fulltext "Non-infectious" syndromes associated with infectious agents

Lim VKE

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):389-97; quiz 398.

PMID: 11200726

Over the past two decades there has been numerous new associations between chronic diseases traditionally considered non-infectious with infectious agents. This list of diseases include peptic ulcer, coronary heart disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, haematological disorders and malignancies. These associations have been made possible through improvements in diagnostic tests based on molecular biology techniques. The discovery of these associations is important as it opens up exciting opportunities for the prevention and treatment of many diseases hitherto considered incurable.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/microbiology*

Fulltext The use of interventional radiology in ruptured solitary kidneys

Lei CC, Khairullah A, Zulfiqar A, Samad AS

Med J Malaysia, 1992 Dec;47(4):320-2.

PMID: 1303487

This case report illustrates how a life-threatening renal bleeding which has failed to be controlled by open surgery can be elegantly managed by a minimally invasive technique of interventional radiology. It also allows maximal conservation of renal tissue so that the patient can avoid chronic dialysis or renal transplantation.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/radiography*; Kidney Diseases/therapy

Fulltext Acute protein loading in the assessment of renal reserve

Loo CS, Zaki M, Sulaiman AB, Sukanya AB, Voon YC, Kua SL

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Mar;49(1):36-43.

PMID: 8057988

Functional renal reserve is a measure of the capacity of the kidney to increase the glomerular filtration in response to the stimulus of a protein meal or amino acid infusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of protein meal test to measure functional renal reserve in normal subjects and various groups of renal patients. One hundred and twenty five subjects from the Nephrology Clinic, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital were subjected to a protein loading test to measure their renal reserve. Each subject had to eat a 100 gram cooked chicken meat and timed 2 hours urine collections before and after the test meal were done to measure the creatinine clearances. The 62 healthy subjects showed a mean renal reserve (creatinine clearance after protein loading-baseline creatinine clearance) of 31.0 ml/min. The 31 subjects with various kidney diseases showed a mean renal reserve of 13.5 ml/min. The 19 renal transplant recipients showed renal reserve of 13.2 ml/min. The 12 nephrectomised donors showed renal reserve of 5.4ml/min. Renal reserve may be used to assess suitability of living related transplant donor for nephrectomy.

Study site: Nephrology Clinic, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/physiopathology; Kidney Diseases/urine*

Fulltext Prenatal diagnosis of infantile polycystic kidneys: a case report

Raman S, Rachagan SP, Boopalan P, Jeyarani S

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Dec;41(4):361-4.

PMID: 3312976

A case of infantile polycystic kidneys diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound is presented here. This condition was confirmed at post-mortem following delivery of the child. The clinical and pathological features of this inheritable disease is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Polycystic Kidney Diseases/diagnosis*; Polycystic Kidney Diseases/pathology

Fulltext Ultrasound--a new imaging technique

Md Alif AK

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Jun;34(4):383-6.

PMID: 7219268

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/diagnosis

Fulltext Further evidence of analgesic nephropathy in Malaysia

Segasothy M, Cheong I, Kong BC, Suleiman AB, Morad Z

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Dec;41(4):377-9.

PMID: 3670164

In a prospective study performed on patients admitted to the medical and renal wards of General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, over a period of 14 months from January 1982, we documented 12 new cases of analgesic nephropathy (AN). Since then up to July 1986, we have documented a further 16 cases of AN giving a total of 28 cases over a four-and-a-half-year period.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/chemically induced*

Fulltext Analgesic nephropathy--a prospective study

Segasothy M, Kong BCT, Kamal A, Murad Z, Suleiman AB

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):315-9.

PMID: 6599990

A prospective study was performed on patients admitted to the medical and renal wards of General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Over a period of 14 months from 1 January 1982, 12 new cases of analgesic nephropathy (AN) were documented. Contrary to the experience in the West and in Australia, AN in Malaysia tends to have a male preponderance and occurs even in the younger age groups. The common analgesics abused are paracetamol, Chap Kaki Tiga and Chap Harimau. The main reasons for analgesic abuse are headache and arthritis. In addition to radiological features of renal papillary necrosis patients have the other manifestations of the disease such as peptic ulceration, anaemia, neuro-psychiatric disorders and ischaemic heart disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/chemically induced*; Kidney Diseases/epidemiology; Kidney Diseases/radiography

Spontaneous extravasation of contrast medium associated with acute renal colic

Singh J, Young WB

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Jun;28(4):244-7.

PMID: 4279004

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/radiography*

Chlorogenic acid attenuates kidney fibrosis via antifibrotic action of BMP-7 and HGF

Yunus J, Salman M, Lintin GBR, Muchtar M, Sari DCR, Arfian N, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(Suppl 1):5-9.

PMID: 32471962

BACKGROUND: Kidney fibrosis, characterised by tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is a histological landmark of chronic kidney disease. The body attempts to compensate for progressive detrimental process of kidney fibrosis by producing antifibrotic substances, such as bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Chlorogenic acid is known to have renoprotective and antifibrotic properties. This study aims to evaluate the effect of chlorogenic acid on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced kidney fibrosis mice model.

METHODS: This study was a quasi-experimental with posttestonly control group design. Twenty-five adult male Swiss Webster mice were randomly divided into five groups: shamoperated group (SO), UUO-control day-7 (U7), UUO-control day-14 (U14), UUO-chlorogenic acid day-7 (UC7), and UUOchlorogenic acid day 14 (UC14). Myofibroblasts were identified by immunohistochemical staining of alphasmooth muscle actin (α-SMA) while collagen fibers were identified by Sirius Red staining. Both data were presented as area fraction. BMP-7 and HGF mRNA expressions were assessed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Data were quantified using ImageJ software.

RESULTS: UUO-control groups (U7 and U14) showed higher α- SMA-immunopositive (6.52±1.33, 18.24±1.39 vs. 0.22±0.01; p<0.05) and Sirius Red-positive area fractions (6.61±0.8, 12.98±2.31 vs. 0.62±0.10; p<0.05), lower BMP-7 (1.02±0.47, 1.18±0.65 vs. 2.09±0.87; p<0.05) and HGF mRNA expressions (1.06±0.31, 0.89±0.14 vs. 1.88±0.81; p<0.05) compared to SO group. UUO-chlorogenic acid groups (UC7 and UC14) showed lower α-SMA-immunopositive (1.24±0.37, 4.58±0.61; p<0.05) and Sirius Red-positive area fractions (4.76±1.03, 3.72±0.54; p<0.05), higher BMP-7 (1.84±0.49, 2.19±0.43; p<0.05) and HGF (1.58±0.38; p>0.05, 1.84±0.42; p<0.05) mRNA expressions compared to UUO-control groups. UUOchlorogenic acid groups showed BMP-7 and HGF mRNA expressions that were not significantly different from the SO group.

CONCLUSION: Chlorogenic acid administration prevents kidney fibrosis in UUO mice model through modulating antifibrotic pathway.

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/drug therapy*

Diseases associated with extreme elevation of ESR

Zulkifli A, Ng WH, Chelvam P, Pillay RP

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):55-6.

PMID: 317347

Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases/blood

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