MyMedR

Increased frequency of chloroquine resistant P. falciparum on a rubber estate in Peninsular Malaysia during two years of systematic chloroquine treatment

Dondero TJ, Parsons RE, O'Holohan DR

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Dec;6(4):488-94.

PMID: 775652

Chloroquine pressure was applied over a 22 month period on a somewhat isolated, malarious rubber estate by examination of residents at 4-week intervals and treatment of parasitaemias with chloroquine. During this time the monthly attack rate for P. falciparum rose four-fold to an average of nearly 18% per month, while that of P. vivax remained relatively constant at about 8%. Eight in vivo chloroquine resistance studies, which allowed both detection of late recrudescing R-I resistance and estimation of the risk of reinfection, showed an apparent rise in the drug resistance rate, from 12% to 20% prior to the study to the range of 40-50%. Virtually all resistance encountered was R-I in nature. There was no convincing evidence of chloroquine resistance among 148 tested P. vivax infections.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal study on physical growth of primary school children in Malaysia

Chen ST

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):17-21.

PMID: 609337

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

A longitudinal study of serum iron indices and haemoglobin concentration following copper-IUD insertion

Goh TH, Hariharan M, Tan CH

Contraception, 1980 Oct;22(4):389-95.

PMID: 7449387

The increase in menstrual blood loss associated with copper-bearing IUDs may cause or aggravate pre-existing anaemia. In order to evaluate this risk, 84 Malaysian women wearing copper-IUDs were studied longitudinally by means of serial measurements of blood haemoglobin concentration (Hb), serum iron (S/Fe) and transferrin saturation (T/S). The initial Hb was under 12 gm% in 33.7% of patients. The mean Hb showed no significant change up to 12 months while S/Fe fell significantly at the end of this time; the T/S was significantly reduced as early as 6 months post-insertion. There is a significant risk of anaemia following copper-IUD insertion, particularly with long-term usage. Progestogen-releasing IUDs may offer the most feasible solution to this problem in our local context since oral medication with iron or drugs to reduce menstrual blood loss is not practicable.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

A longitudinal study of malaria antibodies in a Malaysian population. I. Group responses

Mathews HM, Dondero TJ

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1982 Jan;31(1):14-8.

PMID: 7036766

The indirect hemagglutination test was used to measure malaria antibody levels in residents of an endemic area of Malaysia. Blood specimens were collected at 4-week intervals for a year. Seropositivity rates increased with age and number of episodes of malaria in young children. Although antibody levels were variable, titers tended to rise with parasitemia and fall in the absence of detected parasites. In general, the serologic indices tended to reflect the parasitologic findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

A longitudinal study of malaria antibodies in a Malaysian population. II. Follow-up of individuals

Mathews HM, Dondero TJ

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1982 Jan;31(1):19-23.

PMID: 7036769

A cohort of 62 persons living in a malaria-endemic area was examined by serology and by blood film 14 times over a 56-week period. Serologic responses (indirect hemagglutination test) of the group as a whole reflected the malaria transmission as determined by blood slide examination. The serologic responses of individuals showed titer changes that were not always consistent with blood slide results. The use of chloroquine may have modified the host's immune response.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

The effect of oral contraceptives in Malaysians: II. folate and vitamin B12 metabolism

Jaffar A, Khalid H, Hamid A, Noor Laily Abu Bakar

Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):69-74.

PMID: 12279892

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies*

The effect of oral contraceptives in Malaysians: 1. iron metabolism and erythropoiesis

Jaffar Ali, Hamid Arshat, Khalid Hassan, Noor Laily Abu Bakar

Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):60-8.

PMID: 12279891

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies*

Fulltext Growth charts based on longitudinal study of Malaysian children from birth to six years

Chen ST

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Jun;40(2):80-9.

PMID: 3834290

Percentile growth charts of weight, length and head circumference, from birth to six years of age, for boys and girls, are presented. These can be used to monitor the growth of Malaysian children.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Job transfers: a neglected aspect of migration in Malaysia

Menon R

Int Migr Rev, 1987;21(1):86-95.

PMID: 12314668

"This article examines the incidence of [job-related] transfers in Malaysia. The retrospective migration data from the Malaysia Family Life Survey [conducted in 1976-1977] are used to demonstrate that transfers comprise 18 percent of all migration in the country and that there has been a rise in the incidence of transfers over a 35 year period. Factors underlying this trend are outlined. Furthermore, significant differences in age, educational attainment and other characteristics between transferees and other types of migrants are identified and their implications discussed."

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies*

A 5-year longitudinal study of caries development in first permanent molars in children

Abdul Razak I, Esa R

Dent J Malays, 1988 Nov;10(2):41-4.

PMID: 3271127

The present study analysed the development of caries in 653 first permanent molars annually over a period of 5 years in children who were 7 years-old at baseline. The cumulative caries experience increased from 6.0% at baseline to 35.2% at the end of the study period. There were no appreciable differences in the annual incremental rate of caries experience among males and females. At baseline, the Malays and Indians have the highest and lowest caries experience respectively. At 12 years of age, the Chinese have the highest caries experience whilst the data for the Malays and Indians were comparable. The highest cumulative percentage increase in caries experience for the Malays, Chinese and Indians were between the ages of 7 to 8, 9 to 10 and 8 to 9 respectively while the average annual caries increment were 4.5%, 7.3% and 5.0% respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Changes in contraceptive practice in a multiracial urban-based community over a ten-year period

Raman S, Kishen D, Hamidah K, Ang ES

Adv Contracept, 1992 Jun;8(2):129-40.

PMID: 1519495 DOI: 10.1007/BF01849750

There have been changes in the national policy regarding population growth in Malaysia from 1982. This report studies the changes in contraceptive practice among the three racial groups in this country, i.e. Malays, Chinese and Indians, over a 5-year period with an interval of 10 years. This is a retrospective study based on the attendance at the same family planning clinic in an urban setting. The striking change noted is the change in the racial composition of contraceptive usage in the two study periods with a shift from the Chinese being predominant in 1975-1979 to Malays in 1985-1989. There was no change among the numbers of Indians using contraception. The results also reveal a significant trend of change for users of the pill and those undergoing sterilization. There were no significant changes in IUD, condom and injectable usage. The study demonstrates how national policies, level of education and rural urban migration can significantly alter contraceptive practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Predicting the outcome of pregnancy in threatened abortion using ultrasound in detecting the viability of foetus

Gabriel R

Malays J Reprod Health, 1992 Jun;10(1):19-22.

PMID: 12345025

PIP: Between December 1990 and May 1991 in Malaysia, clinicians at the Sultanah Aminah Hospital in Johor Bahru screened 200 women with a diagnosis of threatened miscarriage with ultrasound to determine whether ultrasound could evaluate the viability of the fetus and thus the outcome of pregnancy in cases of threatened abortion. A fetal heartbeat was absent in 65% of cases with the remaining 35% of cases having a fetal heartbeat. Nonviability of the fetus or an abnormal or very early pregnancy may have accounted for an absent fetal heartbeat. The pregnancy of 46% of cases continued while 41% experienced spontaneous abortion. Just 6.2% of cases with a fetal heartbeat suffered from spontaneous abortion compared with 69.7% of those without a fetal heartbeat. 93.8% of cases with a fetal heartbeat continued their pregnancies compared with 30.3% of those without a fetal heartbeat. Inability of ultrasound to detect fetal heartbeats during early pregnancy probably accounted for the somewhat high percentage of those without a fetal heartbeat who continued their pregnancies. Among patients with a fetal heartbeat, the number of pregnancies that continued. Ultrasound detected 13% abnormal pregnancies (i.e., molar pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy). Surgery on these cases confirmed the ultrasound findings. These results showed that ultrasound should be used in every case of threatened miscarriage and that a fetal heartbeat does indicate the viability of the fetus.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies*

Growth pattern of urban Malaysian infants

Hashim Z

J Trop Pediatr, 1992 Aug;38(4):204-5.

PMID: 1527822

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Aggregation and predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura at the familial level

Chan L, Bundy DA, Kan SP

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1994 1 1;88(1):46-8.

PMID: 8153999 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90492-8

This study examines the persistence of familial aggregation and familial predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infection over 2 periods of treatment and reinfection, in an urban community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Both parasite species were shown to be aggregated (assessed by the variance to mean ratio) within families at all 3 interventions, although no consistent trend in aggregation was observed over the period of the study. Associations between mean A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infection levels of families, at all 3 interventions, were highly significant (P < 0.0001), suggesting persistent predisposition at the family level.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

A longitudinal study of alveolar bone loss around maxillary central incisors in patients with leprosy in Malaysia

Subramaniam K, Nah SH, Marks SC

Lepr Rev, 1994 Jun;65(2):137-42.

PMID: 7968186

The loss of alveolar bone supporting the maxillary central incisors and the general periodontal conditions were evaluated after 14 years in the 12 patients remaining from an original group of 47 under treatment in Malaysia. Alveolar bone loss was minimal during this period even in the presence of periodontal inflammation. These data suggest that treatment protects patients with leprosy from alveolar bone loss and suggests that other skeletal deformities might respond similarly.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Health inputs and child mortality: Malaysia

Panis CW, Lillard LA

J Health Econ, 1994 Dec;13(4):455-89.

PMID: 10140534

This paper is concerned with the relationship between child mortality and the use of health care. We develop a simultaneous model of fetal and postnatal mortality risks and input demand equations for prenatal medical care and institutional delivery. This model is applied to retrospective data from Peninsular Malaysia covering 1950-1988. The results show that prenatal medical care and institutional delivery have strong beneficial effects on child survival probabilities, and that these effects are substantially underestimated when adverse self-selection among users of health care is ignored. The effectiveness of prenatal health care in Malaysia improved until 1980, and then deteriorated. We find that the risk of infant and child mortality is not independent of fetal survival, but show that ignoring selective fetal survival introduces only mild biases in infant and child mortality estimation. Higher infant and child mortality rates among young mothers are partly explained by their lower likelihood of purchasing health care.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Energy intake and activity pattern during pregnancy in relation to infant birth weight

Hashim Z, Noor MI

Asia Pac J Public Health, 1994;7(1):34-8.

PMID: 8074944

The study was designed to determine if the activity pattern of pregnancy women on an intake of energy lower than that recommended will affect fetal growth. Subjects who volunteered were either attending public or private hospitals. Pregnant women in the "private" group were significantly older (p < 0.001) weighed somewhat less and significantly taller (p < 0.001) when compared to the "public" group. Differences in energy intake during the second and third trimesters between the "public" and "private" groups were small; 1608 +/- 334, 1726 +/- 271 kcal and 1627 +/- 367, 1778 +/- 260 kcal, respectively. However, daily activity patterns revealed that the "public" group was more active as reflected by the higher energy expenditure of 1412 +/- 74 kcal and 1578 +/- kcal during the second and third trimesters respectively. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in birth weight between the "public" and "private" groups; 2951 +/- 377 g and 3173 +/- 357 g respectively. This study indicates that energy intakes lower than recommended and sedentary lifestyles have no direct influence on birth weights of babies.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

Growth patterns of the humeral and femur length in a multiethnic population

Raman S, Teoh T, Nagaraj S

Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 1996 Aug;54(2):143-7.

PMID: 9236312

OBJECTIVES: To study whether there are any differences in growth of the femoral and humeral length between the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia viz Malays, Chinese and Indians. The effect on fetal growth by gender of the baby and parity of the mother was also studied.

METHODS: The setting was the University of Kuala Lumpur. Thirty-four Malay, 35 Chinese and 34 Indian normal pregnant middle-class women were studied longitudinally by monthly ultrasound scans for 18 to 38 weeks of gestation. The data were subjected to regression analysis; the quadratic curve was found to be the most adequate. Dummy variables were used to determine any effects by gender, parity as well as ethnicity on the length of limb growth. There was no difference in birth weights of the three ethnic groups studied, nor in gender or parity.

RESULTS: There were found to be significant differences in limb lengths of the Indians (longer) when compared with the Malays and Chinese. Parity seems to affect only Indians in whom the multiparous fetuses have shorter limb lengths than the primaparous. There appears to be no effect by gender.

CONCLUSION: There appear to be definite differences in growth of limb length between the different Malaysian ethnic groups and this should be taken into account when growth charts are used and when fetal weight formulas are calculated using limb lengths. The limitation of this study was that the numbers of subjects studied were small. Larger studies will be able to confirm or refute the findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

An investigation of aeroallergens affecting urban Malaysian asthmatics

Sam CK, Soon SC, Liam CK, Padmaja K, Cheng HM

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 1998 Mar;16(1):17-20.

PMID: 9681124

We investigated the aeroallergens affecting 200 asthmatics from the University Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and found 164 (82%) patients with skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to one or more of a panel of 14 allergens, which included indoor and outdoor animal and plant aeroallergens. Reactivity was most frequent to the indoor airborne allergens, with 159 (79.5%) reacting to either or both house dust mite (Dermatophagoides) species and 87 (43.5%) to cockroach. The SPT reactivity to house dust mites corresponded with the finding that patients found house dust to be the main precipitant of asthmatic attacks.

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

A study of pollen prevalence in relation to pollen allergy in Malaysian asthmatics

Sam CK, Kesavan-Padmaja, Liam CK, Soon SC, Lim AL, Ong EK

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 1998 Mar;16(1):1-4.

PMID: 9681122

In this paper we report results of skin prick tests (SPT) using pollen extracts on 200 patients with clinical symptoms of asthma, and results of a parallel study in which pollen was collected and classified over a period of 18 months. The patients were outpatients from the University Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, while the pollen grains were collected with a spore trap placed in the campus of the University of Malaya, approximately one kilometer from the University Hospital. Pollen extracts of 3 grasses (Bahia, Bermuda, rough pigweed) and 2 flowering trees, Acacia and Melaleuca, were used in the SPT. Of the 29.5% asthmatics with positive SPT reactions, 21.5% were to one or more of the grass pollens, 21.5% to Acacia and 7.5% to Melaleuca pollen. Acacia and Bermuda grass extracts were the most allergenic, which agreed with results of the pollen collection which showed grass and Acacia pollen grains to be the two most commonly found pollens.

Study site: University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)

Matched MeSH terms: Longitudinal Studies

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