Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 765 in total

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  1. Andi Asri AA, Lim BK, Lim YK, A Latiff L
    Singapore Med J, 2016 Aug;57(8):470.
    PMID: 27549741 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2016138
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  2. B, Elamathi, R, Vijaya, V, Valliappan, A, Ramanathan
    Ann Dent, 2014;21(1):33-37.
    MyJurnal
    According to the 3rd edition of the international
    classification of headache disorders (ICHD3 2013),
    Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is classified into two types:
    1. Classical TN, purely paroxysmal 2. Classical TN
    with concomitant persistent facial pain. In this article,
    the authors describe a 47 year-old, male with unilateral,
    severe, recurring, electric shock-like pain involving left
    lower jaw, teeth and gingiva. Diagnosis of classical TN
    of the left 3rd division of the trigeminal nerve was made.
    The patient was treated with pharmacotherapeutic agents
    but without relief. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
    of the brain showed medial vascular compression of left
    trigeminal pontine root entry zone caused by superior
    cerebellar artery. A microvascular decompression (MVD)
    surgery was done at the left trigeminal pontine root entry
    zone resulting in good relief of pain. This article highlights
    the differential diagnoses to be considered with TN and
    also emphasize the difference between the two types of
    the TN according to ICDH3 (2013). It also highlights the
    difference between classical TN purely paroxysmal with
    and without vascular compression by imaging techniques
    and their differing treatment modalities, which therefore
    should be reflected in future ICDH classification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  3. A.N. Yusoff
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:765-771.
    Kajian pengimejan resonans magnet kefungsian (fMRI) subjek tunggal ini menyelidiki interaksi psikofisiologi (PPI) antara girus presentral (PCG) dan lobus parietal superior (SPL) kanan semasa tepikan jari rentak sendiri secara bilateral. Model kehubungan efektif antara PCG dan SPL kanan dibina menggunakan analisis PPI dengan mengambil daya dan laju tepikan sebagai faktor uji kaji. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa peningkatan daya dan laju tepikan masing-masing mengaktifkan PCG bilateral dan SPL kanan secara bererti (p<0.05). PCG dan SPL kanan didapati saling berhubungan semasa tepikan jari dilakukan dengan daya dan laju tepikan sebagai faktor uji kaji yang mempengaruhi kehubungan efektif antara mereka. Kajian ini telah mendedahkan maklumat asas berguna untuk kajian fMRI pada masa depan ke atas koordinasi motor dan boleh digunakan untuk mengkaji ketaktertiban otak misalnya strok.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  4. Topakian R, King A, Kwon SU, Schaafsma A, Shipley M, Markus HS, et al.
    Neurology, 2011 Aug 23;77(8):751-8.
    PMID: 21849657 DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31822b00a6
    Better methods are required to identify patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) at risk of future stroke. Two potential markers of high risk are echolucent plaque morphology on carotid ultrasound and embolic signals (ES) in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery on transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). We explored the predictive value of a score based on these 2 measures in the prospective, observational, international multicenter Asymptomatic Carotid Emboli Study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  5. Sharifudin MA, Zakaria Z, Awang MS, Mohamed Amin MA, Abd Aziz A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):82-6.
    PMID: 27540330 MyJurnal
    Monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the vertebra is a rare entity. A case of a 53-year-old lady who presented with an 8 months history of pain in the thoracic spine region with paraparesis is discussed. She had a history of papillary thyroid carcinoma and had undergone total thyroidectomy one year prior to her current problem. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed isolated osteolytic lesion over the posterior element of the T12 vertebra with narrowing of the spinal canal causing compression of the cord. The diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia was made histologically. Fibrous dysplasia rarely occurs in axial bones compared with peripheral bones. This case illustrates that osteolytic lesion of the vertebrae should be evaluated with detailed radiological and histopathological examination before an empirical diagnosis of spinal metastasis is made in an adult with a background history of primary malignancy well-known to spread to the bone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  6. Yusoff, A.N., Te, L.H., Mukari, S.Z.M., Abd Hamid, A.I.
    MyJurnal
    Heschl’s gyrus (HG) is known to interact with other auditory related areas of the same hemisphere during the performance
    of an auditory cognitive task. However, the information about how it interacts with the opposite HG is still lacking.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the psychophysiologic interaction (PPI) between the bilateral HG during a
    simple arithmetic addition task and to verify the role of noise as an experimental factor that would modulate the PPI.
    Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were performed on eighteen healthy participants, in which a
    single-digit addition task were solved during in-quiet (AIQ) and in-noise (AIN) conditions. The fMRI data were analysed
    using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8). The interaction between the bilateral HG was investigated using PPI
    analysis. The response in right HG was found to be linearly influenced by the activity in left HG, vice-versa, for both
    in-quiet and in-noise conditions. The connectivity from right to left HG in noisy condition seemed to be modulated
    by noise, while the modulation is relatively small oppositely, indicating a non-reciprocal behavior. A two-way PPI
    model between right and left HG is suggested. The connectivity from right to left HG during a simple addition task in
    noise is driven by a higher ability of right HG to perceive the stimuli in a noisy condition. Both the bilateral HGs took
    part in the cognitive processes of arithmetic addition from which the interactions between the two were found to be
    different in noise.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  7. Mohamad, M., Yusoff, A.N., Mukari, S.Z.M., Abdullah, A., Abd Hamid, A.I.
    MyJurnal
    This study was carried out to investigate the effects of noisy background on brain activation during a working memory task. Fourteen healthy male subjects underwent silent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans while listening to words presented verbally against quiet (WIS) and noisy (WIN) backgrounds. The stimuli were binaurally presented to the subjects at 70 dB sound pressure level (SPL) in both conditions. Group results indicated significant (p < 0.001) bilateral widespread of brain activations in the primary auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus and inferior parietal lobes during WIS. Additional significant activation was observed in the middle cingulate cortex and anterior cingulate cortex during WIN, suggesting the involvement of cingulate cortex in working memory processing against a noisy background. The mean percentage of signal change in all regions was higher during WIN as compared to WIS. Right hemispheric predominance was observed for both conditions in primary auditory cortex and middle frontal gyrus and this could be attributed to the increased difficulty of the tasks. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that background noise increased task demand and difficulty. Task demand was found to play an important role in determining the activation magnitude in the brain areas during working memory task.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  8. Yusuf, A.N., Abdul Hamid, K., Mohamad, M., Abd hamid, A.I.
    Medicine & Health, 2008;3(2):300-317.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to investigate func-tional specialisation in human auditory cortices during listening. A silent fMRI paradigm was used to reduce the scanner sound artefacts on functional images. The subject was instructed to pay attention to the white noise stimulus binaurally given at an inten-sity level of 70 dB higher than the hearing level for normal people. Functional speciali-sation was studied using the Matlab-based Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM5) software by means of fixed effects (FFX), random effects (RFX) and conjunction analyses. Individual analyses on all subjects indicated asymmetrical bilateral activation of the left and right hemispheres in Brodmann areas (BA) 22, 41 and 42, involving the primary and secondary auditory cortices. The percentage of signal change is larger in the BA22, 41 and 42 on the right as compared to the ones on the left (p>0.05). The average number of activated voxels in all the respective Brodmann areas are higher in the right hemisphere than in the left (p>0.05). FFX results showed that the point of maximum intensity was in the right BA41 whereby 599±1 activated voxels were ob-served in the right temporal lobe as compared to 485±1 in the left temporal lobe. The RFX results were consistent with that of FFX. The analysis of conjunction which fol-lowed, showed that the right BA41 and left BA22 as the common activated areas in all subjects. The results confirmed the specialisation of the right auditory cortices in pro-cessing non verbal stimuli.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  9. Ahmad AH, Abdul Aziz CB
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Dec;21(Spec Issue):46-54.
    PMID: 25941463 MyJurnal
    Pain, while salient, is highly subjective. A sensation perceived as painful by one person may be perceived as uncomfortable, not painful or even pleasant to others. Within the same person, pain may also be modulated according to its threat value and the context in which it is presented. Imaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, have identified a distributed network in the brain, the pain-relevant brain regions, that encode the sensory-discriminative aspect of pain, as well as its cognitive and affective/emotional factors. Current knowledge also implicates the prefrontal cortex as the modulatory area for pain, with its subdivisions forming the cortico-cortical pathway, an alternative pain modulatory pathway distinct from the descending modulatory pathway of pain. These findings from neuroimaging in human subjects have paved the way for the molecular mechanisms of pain modulation to be explored in animal studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  10. Wan Muhamad Hatta SF, Hamdan MF, Md Ali SA, Abdul Ghani R
    BMJ Case Rep, 2016 Sep 09;2016.
    PMID: 27613264 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216395
    Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis (GH) is an uncommon inflammatory disease of the pituitary with impairment of pituitary gland function due to infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman who presented with worsening of headaches for 1 month and blurring of vision over 5 days. An MRI revealed a homogeneous supra-sellar mass evoking a pituitary tumour with bulky pituitary stalk extending into the left and right cavernous sinuses. Hormonal investigations showed anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies; meanwhile histopathological examination revealed an aspect of hypophysitis. Clinical and radiological remission occurred immediately postglucocorticoid therapy with the addition of a steroid-sparing agent later in view of recurrence of symptoms on glucocorticoid dose reduction. GH has important diagnostic and therapeutic implications, as clinical and radiological features ameliorate via medical treatment. With further understanding and recognition of the disease, we hope to highlight a case of GH, in which signs and symptoms improved after initiation of corticosteroids.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  11. Mohd Ariff S, Joehaimey J, Ahmad Sabri O, Abdul Halim Y
    Malays Orthop J, 2011 Nov;5(3):24-7.
    PMID: 25279032 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1111.003
    Spinal neurofibromas occur sporadically and typically occur in association with neurofibromatosis 1. Patients afflicted with neurofibromatosis 1 usually present with involvement of several nerve roots. This report describes the case of a 14- year-old child with a large intraspinal, but extradural tumour with paraspinal extension, dumbbell neurofibroma of the cervical region extending from the C2 to C4 vertebrae. The lesions were readily detected by MR imaging and were successfully resected in a two-stage surgery. The time interval between the first and second surgery was one month. We provide a brief review of the literature regarding various surgical approaches, emphasising the utility of anterior and posterior approaches.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  12. You YX, Shahar S, Mohamad M, Yahya HM, Haron H, Abdul Hamid H
    J Magn Reson Imaging, 2020 04;51(4):1142-1153.
    PMID: 31386268 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26891
    BACKGROUND: Working memory and cognitive flexibility are supported by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Aging adults from low-income households are individuals with a high risk of cognitive decline who incorporate ulam in their daily diet.

    PURPOSE: To examine relationship between ulam consumption and the working memory and cognitive flexibility among aging adults from low-income households who are more susceptible to cognitive decline.

    STUDY TYPE: Cross-sectional.

    POPULATION/SUBJECTS: Thirty-two aging adults (45-75 years old).

    FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: Task-based fMRI, 3.0T, T1 -weighted anatomical images, T2 *-weighted imaging data.

    ASSESSMENT: The dietary and ulam consumption were assessed using the respective validated Dietary History and semiquantitative Food Frequency questionnaires. Working memory and cognitive flexibility were evaluated by using neuropsychological batteries (ie, mini-mental state examination [MMSE], Digit Span, and Rey auditory verbal learning test [RAVLT]) and task-based fMRI (N-back and Stroop Color Word Test [SCWT]). Brodmann's areas 9 and 46 were the regions of interest (ROIs) of DLPFC activation.

    STATISTICAL TESTS: Multiple linear regression used to understand the relationship between ulam consumption and the working memory and cognitive flexibility, while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the difference of working memory and cognitive flexibility among four percentiles of ulam consumption, after age, gender, and education years adjustments. Significance was decided by two-sided, P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  13. Mohd Zaki F, Ng KL, Te BC, Azman MH, Nur Aifaa L, Mohd Razali N, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2016 Jun;71(3):122-5.
    PMID: 27495885 MyJurnal
    Detection of neuraxial abnormality in neurologically asymptomatic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is crucial prior to surgery. It can only be detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was not routinely done in this group of patient. On the other hand, whole spine radiographs for measurement of Cobb angle have been routinely included during clinic follow-up. This study aimed to determine the correlation between Cobb angle progression and neuraxial abnormality finding on MRI in asymptomatic AIS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  14. Zafar R, Malik AS, Kamel N, Dass SC, Abdullah JM, Reza F, et al.
    J Integr Neurosci, 2015 Jun;14(2):155-68.
    PMID: 25939499 DOI: 10.1142/S0219635215500089
    Brain is the command center for the body and contains a lot of information which can be extracted by using different non-invasive techniques. Electroencephalography (EEG), Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are the most common neuroimaging techniques to elicit brain behavior. By using these techniques different activity patterns can be measured within the brain to decode the content of mental processes especially the visual and auditory content. This paper discusses the models and imaging techniques used in visual decoding to investigate the different conditions of brain along with recent advancements in brain decoding. This paper concludes that it's not possible to extract all the information from the brain, however careful experimentation, interpretation and powerful statistical tools can be used with the neuroimaging techniques for better results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  15. Gan HS, Sayuti KA, Ramlee MH, Lee YS, Wan Mahmud WMH, Abdul Karim AH
    Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg, 2019 May;14(5):755-762.
    PMID: 30859457 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-019-01936-y
    PURPOSE: Manual segmentation is sensitive to operator bias, while semiautomatic random walks segmentation offers an intuitive approach to understand the user knowledge at the expense of large amount of user input. In this paper, we propose a novel random walks seed auto-generation (SAGE) hybrid model that is robust to interobserver error and intensive user intervention.

    METHODS: Knee image is first oversegmented to produce homogeneous superpixels. Then, a ranking model is developed to rank the superpixels according to their affinities to standard priors, wherein background superpixels would have lower ranking values. Finally, seed labels are generated on the background superpixel using Fuzzy C-Means method.

    RESULTS: SAGE has achieved better interobserver DSCs of 0.94 ± 0.029 and 0.93 ± 0.035 in healthy and OA knee segmentation, respectively. Good segmentation performance has been reported in femoral (Healthy: 0.94 ± 0.036 and OA: 0.93 ± 0.034), tibial (Healthy: 0.91 ± 0.079 and OA: 0.88 ± 0.095) and patellar (Healthy: 0.88 ± 0.10 and OA: 0.84 ± 0.094) cartilage segmentation. Besides, SAGE has demonstrated greater mean readers' time of 80 ± 19 s and 80 ± 27 s in healthy and OA knee segmentation, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: SAGE enhances the efficiency of segmentation process and attains satisfactory segmentation performance compared to manual and random walks segmentation. Future works should validate SAGE on progressive image data cohort using OA biomarkers.

    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods*
  16. Alias H, Doris Lau SC, Loh CK, Ishak MI, Mohammed F, Jamal R, et al.
    J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 2017 11;39(8):e463-e465.
    PMID: 28859035 DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000960
    Giant cell tumor (GCT) is one of the most common tumors of bone and is the most common precursor of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). The clinical behavior of concurrent GCT and ABC can be very aggressive in children. GCT of the ribs, with or without ABC, is rarely seen in children. We report a case of an 8-year-old girl with GCT and associated ABC of the ribs who presented with sudden onset of chest pain and breathlessness due to a hemothorax. The patient was successfully treated by surgical resections and arterial embolization. She has remained well for 4 years after the initial surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  17. Memon AH, Ismail Z, Aisha AF, Al-Suede FS, Hamil MS, Hashim S, et al.
    PMID: 25530783 DOI: 10.1155/2014/470179
    Syzygium campanulatum Korth is an equatorial, evergreen, aboriginal shrub of Malaysia. Conventionally it has been used as a stomachic. However, in the currently conducted study dimethyl cardamonin or 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC) was isolated from S. campanulatum Korth, leaf extract. The structural characterization of DMC was carried out by making use of various techniques including UV, IR, NMR spectral followed by LC-MS, and X-ray crystallographic techniques. For determining the purity of compound, highly effective techniques including TLC, HPLC, and melting point were used. The cytotoxicity of DMC and three different extracts of S. campanulatum was evaluated against human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) by three different assays. DMC and ethanolic extract revealed potent and dose-dependent cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell line with IC50 12.6 and 90.1 µg/mL, respectively. Quite astonishingly to our knowledge, this is the very first report on S. campanulatum as being a rich source (3.5%) of DMC, X-ray crystallography, and anticancer activity on human colon cancer cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  18. Sanjeevan R, Prabu S, Azizul A, Abdul-Halim Y
    Malays Orthop J, 2018 Jul;12(2):56-58.
    PMID: 30112131 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1807.011
    Being a rare clinical entity, discal cyst presents indistinguishably from other causes of lower back pain and radiculopathy. It is an extremely rare pathology with unclear pathogenesis, indeterminate natural history with no consensus on the ideal management of the condition. We report a rare case of discal cyst in a patient who presented to our centre with localised low back pain and subsequently left sided radicular pain. With the aid of MRI and with clear surgical indication we proceeded with endoscopic removal of the cyst and intraoperatively confirmed its origin from the adjacent disc. The patient had immediate relief of his symptoms and no postoperative complications. We recommend that endoscopic surgery can be an effective alternative to conventional open surgery for discal cyst of the lumbar spine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  19. Awan MJ, Rahim MSM, Salim N, Mohammed MA, Garcia-Zapirain B, Abdulkareem KH
    Diagnostics (Basel), 2021 Jan 11;11(1).
    PMID: 33440798 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010105
    The most commonly injured ligament in the human body is an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). ACL injury is standard among the football, basketball and soccer players. The study aims to detect anterior cruciate ligament injury in an early stage via efficient and thorough automatic magnetic resonance imaging without involving radiologists, through a deep learning method. The proposed approach in this paper used a customized 14 layers ResNet-14 architecture of convolutional neural network (CNN) with six different directions by using class balancing and data augmentation. The performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision and F1 score of our customized ResNet-14 deep learning architecture with hybrid class balancing and real-time data augmentation after 5-fold cross-validation, with results of 0.920%, 0.916%, 0.946%, 0.916% and 0.923%, respectively. For our proposed ResNet-14 CNN the average area under curves (AUCs) for healthy tear, partial tear and fully ruptured tear had results of 0.980%, 0.970%, and 0.999%, respectively. The proposing diagnostic results indicated that our model could be used to detect automatically and evaluate ACL injuries in athletes using the proposed deep-learning approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  20. Kew TY, Abdullah A
    J Laryngol Otol, 2012 Jan;126(1):66-71.
    PMID: 21867589 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215111002258
    We report an extremely rare case of duplication of the internal auditory canal associated with dysfunction of both the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves. We also review the literature regarding the integrity of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves in such cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
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