Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1440 in total

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  1. Loh LC, Codati A, Jamil M, Noor ZM, Vijayasingham P
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):314-9.
    PMID: 16379186
    Delay in commencing treatment in patients diagnosed with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) may promote the spread of PTB in the community. Socio-demographic and clinical data from 169 patients (119 retrospectively and 50 prospectively collected) treated for smear-positive PTB in our hospital Chest Clinic from June 2002 to February 2003 were analysed. One hundred and fifty eight (93.5%) patients were started on treatment in less than 7 days from the time when the report first became available while 11 (6.5%) patients had their treatment started > or = 7 days. The median 'discovery to treatment' window was 1 day (range, 0 to 24 days). Of the factors studied, longevity of symptoms, absence of fever or night sweats and having sought traditional medicine were associated with delay in treatment commencement. The urgency and importance of anti-TB treatment should be emphasized especially to patients who are inclined towards treatment with traditional medicine.
    Keywords: Smear positive, pulmonary tuberculosis, treatment delay, traditional medicine, Malaysia, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
  2. Provencher R
    Soc Sci Med, 1984;18(2):139-46.
    PMID: 6701558 DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(84)90034-0
    Details of curing rituals symbolize social traumas. Western based psychiatrists are often not very successful in treating Malay patients because of the difficulty of understanding the ritual signs. This paper focusses upon cultural details as they relate to a curer. The paper begins by discussing 'medical pluralism' and proceeds to a consideration of one local healer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional*
  3. Xu J, Cheng KK, Yang Z, Wang C, Shen G, Wang Y, et al.
    PMID: 26170882 DOI: 10.1155/2015/801691
    Gastric mucosal lesion (GML) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with multiple pathogenic mechanisms in clinical practice. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), electroacupuncture (EA) treatment has been proven as an effective therapy for GML, although the underlying healing mechanism is not yet clear. Here, we used proton nuclear magnetic resonance- ((1)H NMR-) based metabolomic method to investigate the metabolic perturbation induced by GML and the therapeutic effect of EA treatment on stomach meridian (SM) acupoints. Clear metabolic differences were observed between GML and control groups, and related metabolic pathways were discussed by means of online metabolic network analysis toolbox. By comparing the endogenous metabolites from GML and GML-SM groups, the disturbed pathways were partly recovered towards healthy state via EA treated on SM acupoints. Further comparison of the metabolic variations induced by EA stimulated on SM and the control gallbladder meridian (GM) acupoints showed a quite similar metabolite composition except for increased phenylacetylglycine, 3,4-dihydroxymandelate, and meta-hydroxyphenylacetate and decreased N-methylnicotinamide in urine from rats with EA treated on SM acupoints. The current study showed the potential application of metabolomics in providing further insight into the molecular mechanism of acupuncture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Chinese Traditional
  4. Abdul Aziz AF, Mohamed AR, Murugesu S, Siti Zarina AH, Lee BN
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 07;76(4):502-509.
    PMID: 34305111
    BACKGROUND: Scalp video electroencephalography monitoring (VEM) and brain MRI sometime fail to identify the epileptogenic focus (EF) in patients with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). 18F-FDG PET/CT has been shown to improve the detection of EF in patients but is not widely used in Malaysia. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify whether 18F-FDG PET/CT conferred an added benefit in the pre-surgical evaluation of DRE.

    METHODS: Retrospective review of 119 consecutive paediatric patients referred for 18F-FDG-PET/CT at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya. All had DRE and underwent evaluation at the Paediatric Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Visually detected areas of 18F-FDG-PET/CT hypometabolism were correlated with clinical, MRI and VEM findings.

    RESULTS: Hypometabolism was detected in 102/119 (86%) 18FFDG- PET/CT scans. The pattern of hypometabolism in 73 patients with normal MRI was focal unilobar in 16/73 (22%), multilobar unilateral in 8/73 (11%), bilateral in 27/73 (37%) and global in 5/73 (7%) of patients; whilst 17/73 (23%) showed normal metabolism. In 46 patients with lesions on MRI, 18F-FDG-PET/CT showed concordant localisation and lateralization of the EF in 30/46 (65%) patients, and bilateral or widespread hypometabolism in the rest. Addition of 18FFDG PET/CT impacted decision making in 66/119 (55%) of patients; 24/73 with non-lesional and 30/46 patients with lesional epilepsies were recommended for surgery or further surgical work up, whilst surgery was not recommended in 11/46 patients with lesional epilepsy due to bilateral or widespread hypometabolism. 25 patients subsequently underwent epilepsy surgery, with 16/25 becoming seizure free following surgery.

    CONCLUSION: 18F-FDG-PET/CT has an added benefit for the localization and lateralization of EF, particularly in patients with normal or inconclusive MRI.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nuclear Medicine*
  5. Hassan H, Razak HRA, Saad FFA, Kumar V
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Jul;26(4):122-126.
    PMID: 31496901 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.4.14
    Using radiolabelled peptides that bind, with high affinity and specificity, to receptors on tumour cells is one of the most promising fields in modern molecular imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy (1). In the emergence of molecular imaging and nuclear medicine diagnosis and therapy, albeit theranostic, radiolabelled peptides have become vital tools for in vivo visualisation and monitoring physiological and biochemical processes on molecular and cellular levels (2). This approach may benefit patients in the era of personalised medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nuclear Medicine; Precision Medicine
  6. Tam LS, Wei JC, Aggarwal A, Baek HJ, Cheung PP, Chiowchanwisawakit P, et al.
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2019 Mar;22(3):340-356.
    PMID: 30816645 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.13510
    INTRODUCTION: Despite the availability of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) recommendations proposed by various rheumatology societies, we considered that a region-specific guideline was of substantial added value to clinicians of the Asia-Pacific region, given the wide variations in predisposition to infections and other patient factors, local practice patterns, and access to treatment across countries.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic reviews were undertaken of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2016, identified from MEDLINE using PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. The strength of available evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were developed through consensus using the Delphi technique.

    RESULTS: Fourteen axial SpA treatment recommendations were developed based on evidence summaries and consensus. The first 2 recommendations cover non-pharmacological approaches to management. Recommendations 3 to 5 describe the following: the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as first-line symptomatic treatment; the avoidance of long-term corticosteroid use; and the utility of conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) for peripheral or extra-articular manifestations. Recommendation 6 refers to the indications for biological DMARDs (bDMARDs). Recommendation 7 deals specifically with screening for infections endemic to Asia, prior to use of bDMARDs. Recommendations 7 to 13 cover the role of bDMARDs in the treatment of active axial SpA and include related issues such as continuing therapy and use in special populations. Recommendation 14 deals with the utility of surgical intervention in axial SpA.

    CONCLUSION: These recommendations provide up-to-date guidance for treatment of axial SpA to help meet the needs of patients and clinicians in the Asia-Pacific region.

    Matched MeSH terms: Evidence-Based Medicine/standards
  7. Lau CS, Chia F, Dans L, Harrison A, Hsieh TY, Jain R, et al.
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2019 Mar;22(3):357-375.
    PMID: 30809944 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.13513
    AIM: To update recommendations based on current best evidence concerning the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), focusing particularly on the role of targeted therapies, to inform clinicians on new developments that will impact their current practice.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search of relevant literature from 2014 to 2016 concerning targeted therapies in RA was conducted. The RA Update Working Group evaluated the evidence and proposed updated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach, to describe the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. Recommendations were finalized through consensus using the Delphi technique.

    RESULTS: This update provides 16 RA treatment recommendations based on current best evidence and expert clinical opinion. Recommendations 1-3 deal with the use of conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. The next three recommendations (4-6) cover the need for screening and management of infections and comorbid conditions prior to starting targeted therapy, while the following seven recommendations focus on use of these agents. We address choice of targeted therapy, switch, tapering and discontinuation. The last three recommendations elaborate on targeted therapy for RA in special situations such as pregnancy, cancer, and major surgery.

    CONCLUSION: Rheumatoid arthritis remains a significant health problem in the Asia-Pacific region. Patients with RA can benefit from the availability of effective targeted therapies, and these updated recommendations provide clinicians with guidance on their use.

    Matched MeSH terms: Evidence-Based Medicine/standards
  8. Tan, Christina Phoay Lay, Blitz, Julia J.
    JUMMEC, 2008;11(1):1-2.
    MyJurnal
    What does this term medical education conjure up? Does it refer to the teaching and learning of medicine and therefore relates to students and the curriculum? Does it refer to the process of teaching and therefore relates to teachers? Perhaps it is both, since teaching and learning go hand in hand.(Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine
  9. Tsapaki V, Ibbott G, Krisanachinda A, Ng KH, Suh TS, Tabakov S, et al.
    Phys Med, 2017 Dec;44:196-198.
    PMID: 29221890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.11.022
    As medical technology evolves and patient needs increase, the need for well-trained and highly professional medical physicists (MPs) becomes even more urgent. The roles and responsibilities of MPs in various departments within the hospital are diverse and demanding. It is obvious that training, continuing education and professional development of MPs have become essential. One of the ways for an MP to advance his or her knowledge is to participate in conferences and congresses. Last year, the 22nd International Conference of Medical Physics (ICMP 2016) took place in Bangkok, Thailand. The event attracted 584 delegates with most of the participants coming from Asia. It attracted also delegates from 42 countries. The largest delegations were from Thailand, Japan and South Korea. ICMP 2016 included 367 oral presentations and e-posters, most of these being in the fields of Radiation Therapy, Medical Imaging and Radiation Safety. All abstracts were published as an e-book of Abstracts in a supplement to the official IOMP Journal. Many companies had exhibition stands at ICMP2016, thus allowing the participants to see the latest developments in the medical physics-related industry. The conference included 42 mini-symposia, part of the first "IOMP School" activity, covering various topics of importance for the profession and this special issue follows from the success of the conference.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nuclear Medicine
  10. Neal Joshua ES, Bhattacharyya D, Chakkravarthy M, Byun YC
    J Healthc Eng, 2021;2021:6695518.
    PMID: 33777347 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6695518
    The 3D convolutional neural network is able to make use of the full nonlinear 3D context information of lung nodule detection from the DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) images, and the Gradient Class Activation has shown to be useful for tailoring classification tasks and localization interpretation for fine-grained features and visual explanation for the internal working. Gradient-weighted class activation plays a crucial role for clinicians and radiologists in terms of trusting and adopting the model. Practitioners not only rely on a model that can provide high precision but also really want to gain the respect of radiologists. So, in this paper, we explored the lung nodule classification using the improvised 3D AlexNet with lightweight architecture. Our network employed the full nature of the multiview network strategy. We have conducted the binary classification (benign and malignant) on computed tomography (CT) images from the LUNA 16 database conglomerate and database image resource initiative. The results obtained are through the 10-fold cross-validation. Experimental results have shown that the proposed lightweight architecture achieved a superior classification accuracy of 97.17% on LUNA 16 dataset when compared with existing classification algorithms and low-dose CT scan images as well.
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine
  11. Sukeri S, Daud A, Musa KI, Idris N
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Nov;26(6):1-4.
    PMID: 31908582 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.6.1
    The article introduces readers to the Master of Public Health and Doctor of Public Health programmes, offered by the Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The programme vision, structure and accomplishments over the decade are presented to provide an understanding of the programme. It is hoped that this professional programme will continue to flourish and produce new generations of public health medicine specialist equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to make significant contribution towards improving the health of the population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Community Medicine
  12. Mahamad Arif ANF, Syed Alwee Al'aidrus SS, Shafee MS, Mohd Nor F
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Aug;43(2):303-310.
    PMID: 34448794
    Death-in-custody refers to the occurrence of death, while a person is under the custody of any enforcement agency. Their incidence often creates overwhelming public and media attention. Currently, there is no standardised definition of 'death-in-custody' in Malaysia and internationally. A crosssectional descriptive study was performed in the Department of Forensic Medicine Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban (HTJS) for a period of 24 months. Information on all custodial deaths registered at HTJS from January 2001 till December 2015 was selected from the in-house hospital death registration system. The definition of 'death-in-custody' used was guided by the recommendation by the 'Australian Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody' 1991 with few adjustments. Four custodial settings of interest (the police, prison, immigration depot for the illegal immigrant, and army custody) were studied. A total of 172 deaths-in-custody were collected, in which the majority of cases were natural deaths (84.88%), predominantly infective in nature (65.07%). Less than 1/6th of cases were unnatural deaths with more than 80% died from legal intervention. All custodial deaths were dominated by males (96.51%) with a mean and median age of 37 years. In terms of nationality, 52.91% of the deaths involved Malaysian citizens in which the 'Malay/Bumi' race outnumbered the other two main races. The most documented custodial deaths occurred in prison (44.19%) followed by immigration depots (38.37%) and police lock-ups (17.44%). This study provides a general overview of the pattern including the causes and the demographic profile involving death in custody in the Seremban district registered at HTJS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Forensic Medicine*
  13. Wong K. H.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in Malaysia, predominantly among women under age of 60 and they often presented late. Borneo is home to multi-racial indigenous with heterogeneous background and breast cancer profile can be absolutely unique. This study aims to examine the demographic characteristics and stage at presentation in Sandakan women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospec-tive study involving those women who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer from January 2016 to December 2018 in Duchess of Kent Hospital, Sandakan identified via hospital cancer registry and patient records. Only breast cancer with epithelial origin was included. Age, ethnicity and stages at presentation of breast cancer were analysed. Logistic regression was used to study their relationships. Results: 110 women were newly diagnosed as breast cancer. Mean age was 53.5 (SD 12.7), the youngest at 30 and the eldest at 97. Majority (64.6%) were local indigenous wom-en, constituted by 25.4% Sungai, 14.1% Kadazan-Dusun, 12.7% Bugis and the minorities. Chinese women are the main local non-indigenous (32.7%) followed by 2.7% Malay. 52.1% presented at late stages (stage III/IV). Subgroup analysis of T-staging revealed 41.7% had advanced symptoms (T3/T4). Indigenous group was more likely to present at younger ages (OR 12.0; 95%CI 1.5-93.8) and with advanced symptoms (OR 3.1; 95%CI 1.2-8.0). Conclusion: Awareness on breast cancer remains inadequate particularly among indigenous women. Difficult healthcare accessi-bility and incline towards traditional medicine could attribute to late presentation. Outreach awareness programmes are warranted in addition to mobile screening services.
    Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
  14. Hussin MSF, Mohd Serah A, Azlan KA, Abdullah HZ, Idris MI, Ghazali I, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Feb 22;13(4).
    PMID: 33671617 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040647
    Collecting information from previous investigations and expressing it in a scientometrics study can be a priceless guide to getting a complete overview of a specific research area. The aim of this study is to explore the interrelated connection between alginate, gelatine, and hydroxyapatite within the scope of bone tissue and scaffold. A review of traditional literature with data mining procedures using bibliometric analyses was considered to identify the evolution of the selected research area between 2009 and 2019. Bibliometric methods and knowledge visualization technologies were implemented to investigate diverse publications based on the following indicators: year of publication, document type, language, country, institution, author, journal, keyword, and number of citations. An analysis using a bibliometric study found that 7446 papers were located with the keywords "bone tissue" and "scaffold", and 1767 (alginate), 185 (gelatine), 5658 (hydroxyapatite) papers with those specific sub keywords. The number of publications that relate to "tissue engineering" and bone more than doubled between 2009 (1352) and 2019 (2839). China, the United States and India are the most productive countries, while Sichuan University and the Chinese Academy of Science from China are the most important institutions related to bone tissue scaffold. Materials Science and Engineering C is the most productive journal, followed by the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. This paper is a starting point, providing the first bibliometric analysis study of bone tissue and scaffold considering alginate, gelatine and hydroxyapatite. A bibliometric analysis would greatly assist in giving a scientific insight to support desired future research work, not only associated with bone tissue engineering applications. It is expected that the analysis of alginate, gelatine and hydroxyapatite in terms of 3D bioprinting, clinical outcomes, scaffold architecture, and the regenerative medicine approach will enhance the research into bone tissue engineering in the near future. Continued studies into these research fields are highly recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Regenerative Medicine
  15. Teow YEE, Ng SC, Azmi AHM, Hamzah MR, Kaur J, Mathiarasu DS, et al.
    J Community Health, 2021 06;46(3):515-521.
    PMID: 32710232 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00891-z
    Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies have been an integral part of Malaysia culture for many centuries. In recent years influences from other parts of the world have gained a foot-hold in Malaysian popular culture. We investigated the engagement with CAM in a non-urban, Malaysian population. We investigated the association of CAM use with cultural influence, perceived health status, gender and age. We recruited 700 adult participants to this study across three sites in central Malaysia. We found massage, Vitamin supplements, Herbal medicine and traditional Chinese medicine to be the most popular CAM modalities with participation at 67.7%, 55.7%, 55.5% and 26.3% respectively. CAM use was equally high at 67% among those people who claimed a predominantly Malay or Chinese cultural influence. The use of vitamins and participation in yoga were at higher prevalence among female participants compared to males. There was no gender difference for other CAM modalities. There were differences between age groups for most CAM modalities, and those over 50 years tended to be the highest frequency users for most modalities. There is a high rate of CAM use in non-urban Malaysia with younger people being more engaged with less traditional modalities such as aromatherapy, yoga and music therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Herbal Medicine
  16. Humphries D, Jaques R, Dijkstra HP, International Syllabus in Sport and Exercise Medicine Group (ISSEMG)
    Br J Sports Med, 2018 Apr;52(8):490-492.
    PMID: 29263024 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098477
    Training in the medical specialty of sport and exercise medicine is now available in many, but not all countries. Lack of resources may be a barrier to the development of this important specialty field and the International Syllabus in Sport and Exercise Medicine Group was convened to reduce one potential barrier, the need to develop a syllabus. The group is composed of 17 sport and exercise medicine specialists residing in 12 countries (Australia, Canada, India, Ireland, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Qatar, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and USA). This paper presents the first phase of this project covering the domains and general learning areas of a specialist training syllabus in sport and exercise medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sports Medicine*
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