Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 155 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Abdul Hamid Z, Lin Lin WH, Abdalla BJ, Bee Yuen O, Latif ES, Mohamed J, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:258192.
    PMID: 25405216 DOI: 10.1155/2014/258192
    Hematopoietic stem cells- (HSCs-) based therapy requires ex vivo expansion of HSCs prior to therapeutic use. However, ex vivo culture was reported to promote excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exposing HSCs to oxidative damage. Efforts to overcome this limitation include the use of antioxidants. In this study, the role of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) in maintenance of cultured murine bone marrow-derived HSCs was investigated. Aqueous extract of Roselle was added at varying concentrations (0-1000 ng/mL) for 24 hours to the freshly isolated murine bone marrow cells (BMCs) cultures. Effects of Roselle on cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and DNA damage were investigated. Roselle enhanced the survival (P < 0.05) of BMCs at 500 and 1000 ng/mL, increased survival of Sca-1(+) cells (HSCs) at 500 ng/mL, and maintained HSCs phenotype as shown from nonremarkable changes of surface marker antigen (Sca-1) expression in all experimental groups. Roselle increased (P < 0.05) the GSH level and SOD activity but the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was unaffected. Moreover, Roselle showed significant cellular genoprotective potency against H2O2-induced DNA damage. Conclusively, Roselle shows novel property as potential supplement and genoprotectant against oxidative damage to cultured HSCs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  2. Ahmed Atia, Nadia Salem Alrawaiq, Azman Abdullah
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2799-2809.
    Glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes (GSTs) catalyze the conjugation reaction between glutathione and electrophilic
    compounds. GSTs are involved in the detoxification of toxic and carcinogenic compounds, thus protecting the body from
    toxic injuries. Tocotrienols are part of the vitamin E family and is believed to possess potent antioxidant activity. The
    objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing doses of tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) supplementation
    on liver GSTs gene and protein expression. A total of 30 male ICR white mice were divided into five groups (n=6 for each
    group) and given treatment for 14 days through oral supplementation. Groups were divided as follows: - three groups
    administered with TRF at doses of 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively, a positive control group administered with 100
    mg/kg butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and a control group administered with only the vehicle (corn oil). At day 15, the
    mice were sacrificed and their livers isolated. Total RNA was extracted from the liver and quantitative real-time polymerase
    chain reaction (qPCR) assays were performed to analyze GSTs gene expression. Total liver protein was also extracted
    and the protein expression of GSTs was determined by Western blotting. The results showed that TRF oral supplementation
    caused a significant dose-dependent increase in liver GST isoenzymes gene and protein expression, compared to controls.
    In conclusion, TRF oral supplementation for 14 days resulted in increased gene and protein expression of GST isoenzymes
    in mice liver dose-dependently, with the highest expression seen in mice treated with 1000 mg/kg TRF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  3. Ahmed, QU, Radhiyah I, Siti Zaiton MS
    MyJurnal
    Leaves of Thottea dependens have been used as folk medicine in Malaysia for the treatment of
    several conditions involving pain and inflammation with accompanying pyrexia. However, there is no scientific
    evidence for its effectiveness to treat fever. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-pyretic
    activity of methanol (MeOH) and aqueous (Aq) extracts of T. dependens leaves in albino mice (ICR strain).
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  4. Aizuddin NNF, Ganesan N, Ng WC, Ali AH, Ibrahim I, Basir R, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Dec 01;37(4):1105-1116.
    PMID: 33612762 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.4.1105
    Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by the Plasmodium sp. parasite. Infection results in heightened pro-inflammatory response which contributes to the pathophysiology of the disease. To mitigate the overwhelming cytokine response, host-directed therapy is a plausible approach. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), a serine/threonine kinase plays a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammatory response during pathogenic infections. The present study was conducted to investigate the chemo-suppressive and cytokine-modulating effects of insulin administration in malaria-infected mice and the involvement of GSK3β. Intraperitoneal administrations of 0.3 and 0.5 U/kg body weight insulin each for four consecutive days into Plasmodium berghei NK65 (PbN)-infected mice resulted in chemo-suppression exceeding 60% and improved median survival time of infected mice (20.5 days and 19 days respectively compared to 15.5 days for non-treated control). Western analysis revealed that pGSK3β (Ser9) intensity in brain samples from insulin-treated (0.3 and 0.5 U/kg body weight) infected mice each were 0.6 and 2.2 times respectively than that in control. In liver samples, pGSK3β (Ser9) intensity from insulin-treated infected mice were significantly higher (4.8 and 16.1 fold for 0.3 and 0.5 U/kg bw respectively) than that in control. Insulin administration decreased both brain and liver pNF-κB p65 (Ser536) intensities (to 0.8 and 0.6 times for 0.3 U/kg bw insulin; and to 0.2 and 0.1 times for 0.5 U/kg bw insulin respectively compared to control). Insulin treatment (0.5 U/kg bw) also significantly decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α (3.3 times) and IFN-γ (4.9 times)) whilst significantly increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 (4.9 fold) and IL-10 (2.1 fold)) in PbN-infected mice. Results from this study demonstrated that the cytokinemodulating effects of insulin at least in part involve inhibition of GSK3β and consequent inhibition of the activation of NF-κB p65 suggesting insulin as a potential adjunctive therapeutic for malaria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  5. Al-Adhroey AH, Nor ZM, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Mahmud R
    Molecules, 2010 Nov;15(11):8366-76.
    PMID: 21081857 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15118366
    The methanolic extract of Languas galanga rhizomes was investigated for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei (NK65) infections in mice. The median lethal dose was determined to ascertain the safety of the extract in ICR mice of both sexes. The antimalarial activities during early and established infections, as well as the prophylactic activity were evaluated. Phytochemical screening and radical scavenging activity of the extract were also investigated to elucidate the possible mechanism of the antimalarial properties. The acute oral toxicity (LD₅₀) of Languas galanga extract in mice was established to be 4.998 mg/kg. The extract of Languas galanga rhizomes demonstrated significant antiplasmodial activity in all the three models of the antimalarial evaluations. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of some vital antiplasmodial constituents such as terpenoids and flavonoids. The extract also exhibited a moderate capacity to scavenge the free radicals. The rhizome extract of Languas galanga thus possesses antimalarial activity, which explains the rational usage of this plant in traditional Malaysian medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  6. Ali AH, Sudi S, Basir R, Embi N, Sidek HM
    J Med Food, 2017 Feb;20(2):152-161.
    PMID: 28146408 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3813
    Curcumin, a bioactive compound in Curcuma longa, exhibits various pharmacological activities, including antimalarial effects. In silico docking simulation studies suggest that curcumin possesses glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β)-inhibitory properties. The involvement of GSK3 in the antimalarial effects in vivo is yet to be demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the antimalarial effects of curcumin involve phosphorylation of host GSK3β. Intraperitoneal administration of curcumin into Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected mice resulted in dose-dependent chemosuppression of parasitemia development. At the highest dose tested (30 mg/kg body weight), both therapeutic and prophylactic administrations of curcumin resulted in suppression exceeding 50% and improved median survival time of infected mice compared to control. Western analysis revealed a 5.5-fold (therapeutic group) and 1.8-fold (prophylactic group) increase in phosphorylation of Ser 9 GSK3β and 1.6-fold (therapeutic group) and 1.7-fold (prophylactic group) increase in Ser 473 Akt in liver of curcumin-treated infected animals. Following P. berghei infection, levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-4 were elevated by 7.5-, 35.0-, 33.0-, and 2.2-fold, respectively. Curcumin treatment (therapeutic) caused a significant decrease (by 6.0- and 2.0-fold, respectively) in serum TNF-α and IFN-γ level, while IL-10 and IL-4 were elevated (by 1.4- and 1.8-fold). Findings from the present study demonstrate for the first time that the antimalarial action of curcumin involved inhibition of GSK3β.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  7. Alitheen NB, Manaf AA, Yeap SK, Shuhaimi M, Nordin L, Mashitoh AR
    Pharm Biol, 2010 Apr;48(4):446-52.
    PMID: 20645725 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903168031
    Morinda elliptica Ridley (Rubiaceae) has been used traditionally as a medicine to treat various diseases in Malaysia and southeast Asia. In the present study we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of damnacanthal isolated from the roots of Morinda elliptica. The immunomodulatory effect of this compound was evaluated by using the lymphocyte proliferation assay with mouse thymocytes and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, the effect of the compound on PBMC cell cycle progression was studied by using flow cytometry. The production of human interleukin-2 and human inteleukin-12 cytokines was also assessed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The lymphocyte proliferation assay showed that damnacanthal was able to activate mouse thymocytes and PBMC at a low concentration (0.468 microg/mL). Moreover, the production of human interleukin-2 and human interleukin-12 cytokines in the culture supernatant from damnacanthal activated lymphocytes was markedly up-regulated at 24 h and sustained until 72 h with a slight decrease with time. A positive correlation was found between the level of these two cytokines and the MTT-based proliferation assay. Based on the above results, damnacanthal can act as an immunomodulatory agent which may be very useful for maintaining a healthy immune system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  8. Aliyu A, Shaari MR, Ahmad Sayuti NS, Reduan FH, Sithambaram S, Mohamed Mustapha N, et al.
    Sci Prog, 2021 Oct;104(4):368504211004272.
    PMID: 34886737 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211004272
    Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) Lam belongs to the family Moringaceae. It is an important multipurpose tree that is largely distributed globally and has been used almost in every aspect of traditional medicine for the treatment of various illnesses including cancers, diabetes mellitus, asthma, arthritis, etc. This study investigated the effects of oral acute and sub-acute administration of M. oleifera hydroethanolic leaf extract (MOHE) in ICR-mice. Its major phenolic compounds were also determined. Ten (10) female, 8-week old mice were grouped into control and treatment groups for acute toxicity study. A dose of 2000 mg/kg MOHE was given once to the treatment group via oral gavage. However, for the sub-acute toxicity study, 25 mice were grouped into groups A (control), B (125 mg/kg), C (250 mg/kg), D (500 mg/kg) and E (1000 mg/kg). MOHE was given via oral gavage to groups B, C, D and E daily for 28 days. Group A received only distilled water. The mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiments and samples were collected for evaluation. The results of the chemical profiling of MOHE revealed the presence of glucomoringin, niaziminine, quercetin and kaempferol as the major compounds. The treated mice in the acute toxicity study were slightly anaemic and showed evidence of stress leukogram. Moreover, a slight increase in creatinine, significant increases in AST and CK, hepatic degeneration and necrosis, none-obstructive sinusoidal dilatation, renal tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis and renal interstitial oedema were observed. It is concluded that the LD50 of MOHE is higher than 2000 mg/kg. However, oral administration of MOHE causes acute mild anaemia and moderate hepato-nephrotoxicity in ICR-mice. Its major phenolic compounds are glucomoringin, niaziminine, quercetin and kaempferol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  9. Alrawaiq NS, Atia A, Abdullah A
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2023;2023:9291417.
    PMID: 37077659 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9291417
    Certain dietary chemicals influenced the expression of chemopreventive genes through the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. However, the difference in Nrf2 activation potency of these chemicals is not well studied. This study is aimed at determining the difference in the potency of liver Nrf2 nuclear translocation induced by the administration of equal doses of selected dietary chemicals in mice. Male ICR white mice were administered 50 mg/kg of sulforaphane, quercetin, curcumin, butylated hydroxyanisole, and indole-3-carbinol for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed, and their livers were isolated. Liver nuclear extracts were prepared, and Nrf2 nuclear translocation was detected through Western blotting. To determine the implication of the Nrf2 nuclear translocation on the expression levels of several Nrf2-regulated genes, liver RNA was extracted for qPCR assay. Equal doses of sulforaphane, quercetin, curcumin, butylated hydroxyanisole, and indole-3-carbinol significantly induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 with different intensities and subsequently increased the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes with an almost similar pattern as the Nrf2 nuclear translocation intensities (sulforaphane > butylated hydroxyanisole = indole-3-carbinol > curcumin > quercetin). In conclusion, sulforaphane is the most potent dietary chemical that induces the Nrf2 translocation into the nuclear fraction in the mouse liver.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  10. Anuar NS, Zahari SS, Taib IA, Rahman MT
    Food Chem Toxicol, 2008 Jul;46(7):2384-9.
    PMID: 18468758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.03.025
    The traditional use of papaya to treat many diseases, especially skin conditions and its prohibition for consumption during pregnancy has prompted us to determine whether papaya extracts both from green and ripe fruits improve wound healing and also produce foetal toxicity. Aqueous extracts of green papaya epicarp (GPE) and ripe papaya epicarp (RPE) were applied on induced wounds on mice. GPE treatment induced complete healing in shorter periods (13 days) than that required while using RPE (17 days), sterile water (18 days) and Solcoseryl ointment (21 days). Extracts were administered orally (1 mg/g body weight/day) to pregnant mice from day 10 and onwards after conception. 3 (n=7) mice and 1 (n=6) mice given RPE and misoprostol, an abortive drug, respectively experienced embryonic resorption while this effect was observed in none of the mice given GPE (n=5) and water (n=5). The average body weight of live pups delivered by mice given GPE (1.12+/-0.04 g) was significantly lower than those delivered by mice given water (1.38+/-0.02 g). In SDS-PAGE, proteins were distributed in three bands (Mr range approximately 8-29 kDa). Band intensity at Mr approximately 28-29 kDa was higher in GPE than in RPE. In contrast, band intensity at low Mr (approximately 8 kDa) was found to be higher in RPE than in GPE. Notably, the band corresponding to Mr approximately 23-25 kDa was absent in RPE. These differences in composition may have contributed to the different wound healing and abortive effects of green and ripe papaya.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  11. Apryani E, Hidayat MT, Moklas MA, Fakurazi S, Idayu NF
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2010 Jun 16;129(3):357-60.
    PMID: 20371280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.036
    AIM OF THE STUDY: Mitragyna speciosa Korth from Rubiaceae family is a tropical plant indigenous to Southeast Asia particularly in Thailand, Peninsular of Malaysia and Indonesia. The leaves have been used by natives for their opium-like effect and cocaine-like stimulant ability to combat fatigue and enhance tolerance to hard work. However there is no scientific information about the effect of mitragynine on the cognitive performances. This study is designed to examine the working memory effects of mitragynine which is extracted from Mitragyna speciosa mature leaves.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cognitive effect was studied using object location task and the motor activity in open-field test. Mitragynine 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg and were administered by intraperitoneal (IP) for 28 consecutive days and evaluated on day 28 after the last dose treatment. Scopolamine was used as the control positive drug.

    RESULTS: In this study there is prominent effects on horizontal locomotor activity was observed. Mitragynine significantly reduced locomotor activity in open-field test compared with vehicle. In object location task mitragynine (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) did not showed any significances discrimination between the object that had changed position than the object that had remain in a constant position.

    CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that chronic administration of mitragynine can altered the cognitive behavioral function in mice.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  12. Azman MS, Wan Saudi WS, Ilhami M, Mutalib MS, Rahman MT
    Nutr Neurosci, 2009 Feb;12(1):9-12.
    PMID: 19178786 DOI: 10.1179/147683009X388904
    Neurogenesis involves cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, differentiation, migration and the natural developmental death of the neural precursors. These processes are highly co-ordinated and governed by cell-cycle genes and neural transcription factors. Zn plays a crucial role as a functional and structural component of enzymes and transcription factors and components of the intracellular signaling pathway associated with the regulation of cell proliferation. The influence of additional Zn intake during pregnancy on the neuronal proliferation at ventricular zone of the developing fetus has been studied. Pups delivered by the group of mice provided with drinking water with 4.0 mM Zn supplement throughout pregnancy contained an increased number of proliferating neurons in the ventricular zone at P0 compared to those delivered by the mice provided with drinking water without any Zn supplement. This finding provides direct evidence to support the notion that maternal Zn levels influence the development of the nervous system of the offspring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  13. Baba MS, Zin NM, Hassan ZA, Latip J, Pethick F, Hunter IS, et al.
    J Microbiol, 2015 Dec;53(12):847-55.
    PMID: 26626355 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-015-5076-6
    Endophytic bacteria, such as Streptomyces, have the potential to act as a source for novel bioactive molecules with medicinal properties. The present study was aimed at assessing the antimalarial activity of crude extract isolated from various strains of actinobacteria living endophytically in some Malaysian medicinal plants. Using the four day suppression test method on male ICR strain mice, compounds produced from three strains of Streptomyces (SUK8, SUK10, and SUK27) were tested in vivo against Plasmodium berghei PZZ1/100 in an antimalarial screen using crude extracts at four different concentrations. One of these extracts, isolated from Streptomyces SUK10 obtained from the bark of Shorea ovalis tree, showed inhibition of the test organism and was further tested against P. berghei-infected mice for antimalarial activity at different concentrations. There was a positive relationship between the survival of the infected mouse group treated with 50 µg/kg body weight (bw) of ethyl acetate-SUK10 crude extract and the ability to inhibit the parasites growth. The parasite inhibition percentage for this group showed that 50% of the mice survived for more than 90 days after infection with the parasite. The nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic tree suggested that Streptomyces SUK10 may constitute a new species within the Streptomyces genus. As part of the drug discovery process, these promising finding may contribute to the medicinal and pharmaceutical field for malarial treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  14. Bahrani H, Mohamad J, Paydar MJ, Rothan HA
    Curr Alzheimer Res, 2014 Feb;11(2):206-14.
    PMID: 24479629
    Aquilaria subintegra, locally known as "Gaharu", belongs to the Thymelaeceae family. This plant's leaves have been claimed to be effective for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by Malay traditional practitioner in Malaysia. In this research, the chloroform extracts of the leaves and stem of A. subintegra were tested for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results indicated the presence of phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids compounds in the extracts. Analysis of the stem chloroform extracts with LCMS/MS displayed that it contains kaempferol 3,4,7-trimethyl ether. The AChE inhibitory activity of leaves and stem chloroform extracts and kaempferol were 80%, 93% and 85.8%, respectively. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) exhibited low to moderate toxicity of the chloroform extract from leaves (LC50=531.18 ± 49.53 μg/ml), the stem chloroform extract (LC50=407.34 ± 68.05 μg/ml) and kaempferol (LC50=762.41 ± 45.09 μg/ml). The extracts and kaempferol were not cytotoxic to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), human normal gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) and human normal hepatic cell line (WRL-68). The effect of leaf and stem chloroform extracts and kaempferol were determined in the Radial Arm Maze (RAM) after administration by oral gavage to ICR male and female mice with valium-impaired memory. Administration of kaempferol to the mice significantly reduced the number of repeated entries into the arms of maze in males and females. In conclusion, the inhibition of AChE by leaf and stem chloroform extracts of A. subintegra could be due to the presence of kaempferol. This extract is safe for use as a natural AChE inhibitor as an alternative to berberine for the treatment of AD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  15. Basir R, Hasballah K, Jabbarzare M, Gam LH, Abdul Majid AM, Yam MF, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2012 Sep;29(3):405-21.
    PMID: 23018504 MyJurnal
    The involvement of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and the effects of modulating its release on the course of malaria infection were investigated using Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in ICR mice as a model. Results demonstrated that plasma IL-18 concentrations in malarial mice were significantly elevated and positively correlated with the percentage parasitaemia development. Significant expressions of IL-18 were also observed in the brain, spleen and liver tissues. Slower development of parasitaemia was observed significantly upon inhibition and neutralization of IL-18, whereas faster development of parasitaemia was recorded when the circulating levels of IL-18 were further augmented during the infection. Inhibition and neutralization of IL-18 production also resulted in a significant decrease of plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1α and IL-6), whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, was significantly increased. Augmenting the release of IL- 18 during the infection on the other hand resulted in the opposite. Early mortality in malarial mice was also observed when the circulating levels of IL-18 were further augmented. Results proved the important role of IL-18 in immune response against malaria and suggest that IL-8 is pro-inflammatory in nature and may involve in mediating the severity of the infection through a pathway of elevating the pro-inflammatory cytokine and limiting the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  16. Bello RO, Abdullah MA, Abd Majid R, Chin VK, Abd Rachman Isnadi MF, Ibraheem ZO, et al.
    Malar J, 2019 Dec 19;18(1):434.
    PMID: 31856836 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3070-x
    BACKGROUND: The immune modulating potential of IL-35 in multiple human disorders has been reported. Consequent upon the recognition of inflammatory cytokine activation and its preponderance for mediating pathology during malaria infection, the study aimed to characterize the expression and functional contribution(s) of IL-35 in Plasmodium berghei (strain ANKA) infected mice.

    METHODS: Plasmodium berghei infection in male ICR mice was used as the rodent model of choice. The time course of IL-35 expression in the systemic circulation and tissues of P. berghei infected mice as well as their healthy control counterparts was assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry respectively. The effect of modulating IL-35 by recombinant IL-35 protein or neutralizing anti-Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 antibody on the cytokine environment during P. berghei infection was assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the influence of modulating IL-35 on histopathological hallmarks of malaria and disease progression was evaluated.

    RESULTS: Interleukin-35 was significantly up regulated in serum and tissues of P. berghei infected mice and correlated with parasitaemia. Neutralization of IL-35 significantly enhanced the release of IFN-γ, decreased the expression of IL-6 and decreased parasitaemia patency. Neutralization of IL-35 was also associated with a tendency towards increased survival as well as the absence of pathological features associated with malaria infection unlike recombinant IL-35 protein administration which sustained a normal course of infection and unfavourable malaria associated histological outcomes in P. berghei infected mice.

    CONCLUSION: These results indicate the involvement of IL-35 in P. berghei induced malaria infection. IL-35 neutralization strategies may represent viable therapeutic modalities beneficial for the resolution of malaria infection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  17. Chaisakul J, Khow O, Wiwatwarayos K, Rusmili MRA, Prasert W, Othman I, et al.
    Toxins (Basel), 2021 Jul 26;13(8).
    PMID: 34437392 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080521
    Acute kidney injury (AKI) following Eastern Russell's viper (Daboia siamensis) envenoming is a significant symptom in systemically envenomed victims. A number of venom components have been identified as causing the nephrotoxicity which leads to AKI. However, the precise mechanism of nephrotoxicity caused by these toxins is still unclear. In the present study, we purified two proteins from D. siamensis venom, namely RvPLA2 and RvMP. Protein identification using LCMS/MS confirmed the identity of RvPLA2 to be snake venom phospholipase A2 (SVPLA2) from Thai D. siamensis venom, whereas RvMP exhibited the presence of a factor X activator with two subunits. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies demonstrated myotoxicity and histopathological changes of kidney, heart, and spleen. RvPLA2 (3-10 µg/mL) caused inhibition of direct twitches of the chick biventer cervicis muscle preparation. After administration of RvPLA2 or RvMP (300 µg/kg, i.p.) for 24 h, diffuse glomerular congestion and tubular injury with minor loss of brush border were detected in envenomed mice. RvPLA2 and RvMP (300 µg/kg; i.p.) also induced congestion and tissue inflammation of heart muscle as well as diffuse congestion of mouse spleen. This study showed the significant roles of PLA2 and SVMP in snake bite envenoming caused by Thai D. siamensis and their similarities with observed clinical manifestations in envenomed victims. This study also indicated that there is a need to reevaluate the current treatment strategies for Thai D. siamensis envenoming, given the potential for irreversible nephrotoxicity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  18. Chang HC, Tsai TS, Tsai IH
    J Proteomics, 2013 Aug 26;89:141-53.
    PMID: 23796489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.012
    This study deciphers the geographic variations of king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom using functional proteomics. Pooled samples of king cobra venom (abbreviated as Ohv) were obtained from Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and two provinces of China, namely Guangxi and Hainan. Using two animal models to test and compare the lethal effects, we found that the Chinese Ohvs were more fatal to mice, while the Southeast Asian Ohvs were more fatal to lizards (Eutropis multifasciata). Various phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), three-finger toxins (3FTxs) and Kunitz-type inhibitors were purified from these Ohvs and compared. Besides the two Chinese Ohv PLA2s with known sequences, eight novel PLA2s were identified from the five Ohv samples and their antiplatelet activities were compared. While two 3FTxs (namely oh-55 and oh-27) were common in all the Ohvs, different sets of 3FTx markers were present in the Chinese and Southeast Asian Ohvs. All the Ohvs contain the Kunitz inhibitor, OH-TCI, while only the Chinese Ohvs contain the inhibitor variant, Oh11-1. Relative to the Chinese Ohvs which contained more phospholipases, the Southeast Asian Ohvs had higher metalloproteinase, acetylcholine esterase, and alkaline phosphatase activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  19. Chellian R, Pandy V
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2018 Dec;108:1591-1595.
    PMID: 30372861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.137
    Alpha-asarone is one of the bioactive phytochemicals present in the rhizomes of Acorus species and demonstrated its anticonvulsant activity in rodents. Alpha-asarone protected mice from the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor antagonist or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonist-induced seizures. In our recent study, α-asarone attenuated the nicotine withdrawal-induced depression-like behavior in mice. The seizures induced by nicotine is mediated through the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and stimulation of NMDA receptors. Therefore, we hypothesized that α-asarone might be effective against nicotine-induced seizures. Also, the interaction of α-asarone with nAChRs is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of α-asarone on the locomotor activity and body temperature in mice. In addition, we studied the effect of α-asarone on nicotine-induced seizures in mice. Finally, we assessed in vivo pharmacodynamic interaction of α-asarone with nAChRs using nicotine-induced hypomotility and hypothermia tests in mice. The results of this study showed that the α-asarone (50-200 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment significantly decreased the locomotor activity and body temperature in mice. Furthermore, α-asarone (50-200 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.p.) pretreatment significantly prolonged the onset time of nicotine-induced seizures in mice. However, α-asarone (30 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) pretreatment did not inhibit the nicotine-induced hypomotility or hypothermia in mice. Conversely, mecamylamine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) pretreatment completely blocked the nicotine-induced seizures and significantly prevents the nicotine-induced hypomotility and hypothermia in mice. Overall, these results suggest that the protective effect of α-asarone against nicotine-induced seizures did not mediate through the antagonism of nAChRs. We also postulated that the GABAergic and glutamatergic activities of α-asarone could be involved in its protective effect against nicotine-induced seizures and based on this aspect further studies are required.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
  20. Chen SP, Lin SR, Chen TH, Ng HS, Yim HS, Leong MK, et al.
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2021 Dec;144:112333.
    PMID: 34678724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112333
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is concomitant with significant morbidity and mortality and its prevalence is accumulative in worldwide. The conventional antidiabetic agents are known to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes; however, they may also cause side and adverse effects. There is an imperative necessity to conduct preclinical and clinical trials for the discovery of alternative therapeutic agents that can overcome the drawbacks of current synthetic antidiabetic drugs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of lowering blood glucose and underlined mechanism of γ-mangostin, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) xanthones. The results showed γ-Mangostin had a antihyperglycemic ability in short (2 h)- and long-term (28 days) administrations to diet-induced diabetic mice. The long-term administration of γ-mangostin attenuated fasting blood glucose of diabetic mice and exhibited no hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Moreover, AMPK, PPARγ, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were found to be the potential targets for simulating binds with γ-mangostin after molecular docking. To validate the docking results, the inhibitory potency of γ-mangostin againstα-amylase/α-glucosidase was higher than Acarbose via enzymatic assay. Interestingly, an allosteric relationship between γ-mangostin and insulin was also found in the glucose uptake of VSMC, FL83B, C2C12, and 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, the results showed that γ-mangostin exerts anti-hyperglycemic activity through promoting glucose uptake and reducing saccharide digestion by inhibition of α-amylase/α-glucosidase with insulin sensitization, suggesting that γ-mangostin could be a new clue for drug discovery and development to treat diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mice, Inbred ICR
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links