Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 437 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Hussein Aliu Sule, Ahmad Ismail, Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal, Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli, Mohd Fauzul Aidil Mohd Roseli, Shamarina Shohaimi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2589-2600.
    Tropical peat swamp forest (PSF) is one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world. However, the impacts of
    anthropogenic activities in PSF and its conversion area towards fish biodiversity are less understood. This study
    investigates the influences of water physico-chemical parameters on fish occurrences in peat swamp, paddy field and
    oil palm plantation in the North Selangor peat swamp forest (NSPSF), Selangor, Malaysia. Fish and water samples were
    collected from four sites located in the peat swamps, while two sites were located in the paddy field and oil palm plantation
    areas. Multivariate analyses were used to determine the associations between water qualities and fish occurrences in
    the three habitats. A total of 1,382 individual fish, belonging to 10 families, 15 genera and 20 species were collected.
    The family Cyprinidae had the highest representatives, followed by Bagridae and Osphronemidae. The most abundant
    species was Barbonymus schwanefeldii (Bleeker 1854), while the least abundant was Wallago leerii Bleeker, 1851. The
    paddy field and oil palm plantation area recorded significantly higher fish diversity and richness relative to peat swamp
    (p<0.05). The water physico-chemical parameters, such as pH, DO, NH3
    -N, PO4, SO4
    , and Cl2 showed no significant
    difference between paddy field and oil palm plantation (p>0.05), but was significantly different from the peat swamp
    (p<0.05). However, no water quality parameter was consistently observed to be associated with fish occurrences in all
    of the three habitats, but water temperature, NH3
    -N, Cl2, SO4
    , and EC were at least associated with fish occurrences in
    two habitats studied. This study confirmed that each habitat possess different water quality parameters associated with
    fish occurrences. Understanding all these ecological aspects could help future management and conservation of NSPSF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  2. Dalu T, Wasserman RJ, Tonkin JD, Mwedzi T, Magoro ML, Weyl OLF
    Sci Total Environ, 2017 Dec 31;607-608:317-325.
    PMID: 28692901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.267
    Water pollution is a critical management issue, with many rivers and streams draining urban areas being polluted by the disposal of untreated solid waste and wastewater discharge, storm water and agricultural runoff. This has implications for biodiversity, and many rivers in the developing world are now considered compromised. We investigated benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and composition in relation to physico-chemical conditions of the water column and sediments. The study was conducted in an Austral catchment subject to both urban and agricultural pollutants in two different seasons. We assessed whether sediment characteristics were more important drivers of macroinvertebrate community composition than water column characteristics. We expected clear differences in macroinvertebrate community composition and in the associated community metrics due to distinct flow conditions between the two seasons. A combination of multivariate analyses (canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)) and biological indicator analysis were used to examine these patterns. Chironomidae was the most abundant family (>60%) in the upper mainstem river and stream sites. Stream sites were positively associated with CCA axis 2, being characterised by high turbidity and lower pH, salinity, phosphate concentration, channel width and canopy cover. Canopy cover, channel width, substrate embeddedness, phosphate concentration, pH, salinity and turbidity all had a significant effect on macroinvertebrate community composition. Using CCA variation partitioning, water quality was, however, a better predictor of benthic macroinvertebrate composition than sediment chemical conditions. Furthermore, our results suggest that seasonality had little effect on structuring benthic macroinvertebrate communities in this south-eastern zone of South Africa, despite clear changes in sediment chemistry. This likely reflects the relative lack of major variability in water chemistry compared to sediment chemistry between seasons and the relatively muted variability in precipitation between seasons than the more classic Austral temperate climates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  3. Wahab IR, Blagojević PD, Radulović NS, Boylan F
    Chem Biodivers, 2011 Nov;8(11):2005-14.
    PMID: 22083913 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100135
    Analysis by GC and GC/MS of the essential oil obtained from Malaysian Curcuma mangga Val. & Zijp (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes allowed the identification of 97 constituents, comprising 89.5% of the total oil composition. The major compounds were identified as myrcene (1; 46.5%) and β-pinene (2; 14.6%). The chemical composition of this and additional 13 oils obtained from selected Curcuma L. taxa were compared using multivariate statistical analyses (agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis). The results of the statistical analyses of this particular data set pointed out that 1 could be potentially used as a valuable infrageneric chemotaxonomical marker for C. mangga. Moreover, it seems that C. mangga, C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. longa L. are, with respect to the volatile secondary metabolites, closely related. In addition, comparison of the essential oil profiles revealed a potential influence of the environmental (geographical) factors, alongside with the genetic ones, on the production of volatile secondary metabolites in Curcuma taxa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  4. Rahman SA, Chee WS, Yassin Z, Chan SP
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2004;13(3):255-60.
    PMID: 15331337
    Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) were determined in 276 (103 Malays and 173 Chinese) postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 65 years. The level of 25 (OH) D was significantly lower in the postmenopausal Malay women (44.4 +/-10.6 nmol/L) compared to the Chinese women (68.8 +/- 15.7 nmol/L) (P<0.05). There were 27% Malay women with serum 25 (OH) D in the range of 50 - 100 nmol/L (defined as lowered vitamin D status, or hypovitaminosis D) and 71% with levels in the range of 25 - 50 nmol/L (defined as vitamin D insufficiency) compared to 87% and 11% Chinese women respectively. Serum 25 (OH) D was found to significantly correlate with BMI, fat mass and PTH level. Multivariate analyses showed that race has a strong association with vitamin D status. The high prevalence of inadequate levels of serum vitamin D found in our study may have important public health consequences and warrants the development of a strategy to correct this problem in the older adult Malaysian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  5. Mat S, Jaafar MH, Sockalingam S, Raja J, Kamaruzzaman SB, Chin AV, et al.
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2018 May;21(5):930-936.
    PMID: 29611292 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.13279
    AIM: To determine the association between vitamin D and knee pain among participants of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study.

    METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study from the MELoR study consisting of a representative group of 1011 community-dwelling older persons (57% female), mean age 86.5 (54-94) years; 313 were Malays, 367 Chinese and 330 Indians. Participants were asked if they had knee pain. Levels of serum 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol (25-[OH]D), an indicator of vitamin D status, were measured using routine laboratory techniques.

    RESULTS: In unadjusted analysis, presence of knee pain was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio [OR] 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.85, P 0.011). Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with ethnicity differences where Malays (OR 7.08; 95% CI 4.94-10.15) and Indians (OR 6.10; 95% CI 4.28-9.71) have lower levels of vitamin D compared to Chinese. Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that the association between vitamin D deficiency and knee pain was confounded by ethnic differences.

    CONCLUSION: A previous study suggested that vitamin D deficiency was associated with knee pain. This relationship was reproduced in our study, but we further established that the association was explained by ethnic variations. As vitamin D status is dependent on skin tone, diet and sunlight exposure, which are all effected by ethnicity, future studies are now required to determine whether a true relationship exists between vitamin D and knee pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  6. Rampal S, Rampal L, Rahmat R, Zain AM, Yap YG, Mohamed M, et al.
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2010 Apr;22(2):194-202.
    PMID: 19443875 DOI: 10.1177/1010539509334816
    The purpose of this study was to determine the association between different ethnic groups and the prevalence, awareness, and control of diabetes in Malaysia. A population-based cross-sectional study using multistage sampling was conducted in Malaysia. Diabetes is defined as having a fasting blood glucose > or =7 mmol/L or a self-reported diabetic on treatment. Among the 7683 respondents aged > or =30 years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 15.2% (95% CI = 14.1, 16.4). Multivariate analysis showed that compared with Malays, Chinese had lower odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.71; 95% CI = 0.56, 0.91) and Indians had higher odds of having diabetes (aOR 1.54; 95% CI = 1.20, 1.98). The odds of diabetes increased with age, family history of diabetes, body mass index, and lower education levels. Among those with diabetes mellitus, 45.0% were aware and 42.7% were under treatment. Among treated diabetics, 25.1% had their fasting blood sugar under control. There is a significant association between prevalence of diabetes and different ethnic groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  7. Hwong WY, Bots ML, Selvarajah S, Abdul Aziz Z, Sidek NN, Spiering W, et al.
    PLoS One, 2016;11(11):e0166524.
    PMID: 27846309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166524
    BACKGROUND: The increase in angiotensin II (Ang II) formation by selected antihypertensive drugs is said to exhibit neuroprotective properties, but this translation into improvement in clinical outcomes has been inconclusive. We undertook a study to investigate the relationship between types of antihypertensive drugs used prior to a stroke event and ischemic stroke severity. We hypothesized that use of antihypertensive drugs that increase Ang II formation (Ang II increasers) would reduce ischemic stroke severity when compared to antihypertensive drugs that suppress Ang II formation (Ang II suppressors).

    METHODS: From the Malaysian National Neurology Registry, we included hypertensive patients with first ischemic stroke who presented within 48 hours from ictus. Antihypertensive drugs were divided into Ang II increasers (angiotensin-I receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and diuretics) and Ang II suppressors (angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and beta blockers). We evaluated stroke severity during admission with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). We performed a multivariable logistic regression with the score being dichotomized at 15. Scores of less than 15 were categorized as less severe stroke.

    RESULTS: A total of 710 patients were included. ACEIs was the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug in patients using Ang II suppressors (74%) and CCBs, in patients prescribed with Ang II increasers at 77%. There was no significant difference in the severity of ischemic stroke between patients who were using Ang II increasers in comparison to patients with Ang II suppressors (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 0.83-2.10, p = 0.24).

    CONCLUSION: In our study, we found that use of antihypertensive drugs that increase Ang II formation was not associated with less severe ischemic stroke as compared to use of antihypertensive drugs that suppress Ang II formation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  8. Hasimah Ismail, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Tahir Aris, Rashidah Ambak, Mohammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Lim, Kuang Kuay, et al.
    Int J Public Health Res, 2016;6(1):677-684.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide
    and many of these affected individuals remain unidentified. Undiagnosed
    T2DM may impose substantial public health implications because these
    individuals remain untreated and at risk for complications. The objective of
    this study was to determine the national prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM
    and to identify the associated risk factors.

    Methods A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted involving 17,783
    respondents. Two-stage stratified sampling design was used to select a
    representative sample of the Malaysian adult population. Structured
    validated questionnaires with face to face interviews were used to obtain
    data. Respondents, who claimed that they were not having diabetes, were
    then asked to perform a fasting blood glucose finger-prick test by Accutrend
    GC machine.

    Results The prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM was 8.9% (n=1587). The highest
    percentage of undiagnosed T2DM was found among males (10.2%), 55-59
    years old (13.4%), highest education attainers of primary school (11.1%),
    Indians (10.3%), married (10.3%), working (8.9%) and living in the urban
    areas (9.2%). Multivariate analyses showed that factors associated with
    undiagnosed T2DM were gender, age group, ethnicity, marital status, obesity
    and hypertension.

    Conclusion This study found an increasing trend of undiagnosed T2DM in Malaysia
    compared to 2006. This finding is alarming as risk factors associated with
    undiagnosed diabetes were related to most of the socio-demographic factors
    studied. Therefore, early diabetic screening is crucial especially among adults
    aged 30 and above to prevent more serious complications of this disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  9. Mubarak S, Yusoff NH, Adnan TH
    Clin Exp Reprod Med, 2019 Jun;46(2):87-94.
    PMID: 31181876 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2019.46.2.87
    OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to compare clinical pregnancy rates in intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment cycles with transabdominal ultrasound guidance during intrauterine catheter insemination (US-IUI) versus the "blind method" IUI without ultrasound guidance (BM-IUI). The secondary objective was to compare whether US-IUI had better patient tolerability and whether US-IUI made the insemination procedure easier for the clinician to perform compared to BM-IUI.

    METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial done at the Reproductive Medicine Unit of General Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. We included women aged between 25 and 40 years who underwent an IUI treatment cycle with follicle-stimulating hormone injections for controlled ovarian stimulation.

    RESULTS: A total of 130 patients were recruited for our study. The US-IUI group had 70 patients and the BM-IUI group had 60 patients. The clinical pregnancy rate was 10% in both groups (p> 0.995) and there were no significant difference between the groups for patient tolerability assessed by scores on a pain visual analog scale (p= 0.175) or level of difficulty for the clinician (p> 0.995). The multivariate analysis further showed no significant increase in the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.34; p= 0.558) in the US-IUI group compared to the BM-IUI group even after adjusting for potential covariates.

    CONCLUSION: The conventional blind method for intrauterine catheter insemination is recommended for patients undergoing IUI treatment. The use of ultrasound during the insemination procedure increased the need for trained personnel to perform ultrasonography and increased the cost, but added no extra benefits for patients or clinicians.

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  10. Chan WK, Tan AT, Vethakkan SR, Tah PC, Vijayananthan A, Goh KL
    Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol, 2014 Jun;38(3):284-91.
    PMID: 24736032 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.02.009
    BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases are both common among patients with diabetes mellitus.
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine if ultrasonography-diagnosed NAFLD is associated with prevalent ischemic heart disease (IHD) among patients with diabetes mellitus.
    METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on consecutive patients seen at the Diabetic Clinic, University of Malaya Medical Centre. The medical record for each patient was reviewed for documented IHD. Patients without documented IHD but had symptoms and/or electrocardiographic changes suggestive of IHD were referred for cardiac evaluation.
    RESULTS: Data for 399 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 62.8±10.5 years with 43.1% male. NAFLD and IHD were present in 49.6 and 26.6%, respectively. The prevalence of IHD among patients with and without NAFLD was 24.7 and 28.4%, respectively (P=0.414). The prevalence of IHD was highest among the Indians (34.1%) followed by the Malays (29.2%) and the Chinese (20.1%). No association was found between NAFLD and IHD when analyzed according to ethnicity. On multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with IHD were older age, lower levels of physical activity, greater waist circumference and higher serum glycated hemoglobin level.
    CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography-diagnosed NAFLD was not associated with prevalent IHD among patients with diabetes mellitus in a multiracial Asian hospital clinic population.

    Study site: Diabetic clinc, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  11. Muhammad Zul Fayyadh Azizo Rahman, Chong, Hui Wen, Lim, Vuanghao
    MyJurnal
    Adulterated premixed coffees have turned into an issue in Malaysia lately and have caught the eye of the authorities due to death reports linked to these products. The major cause of this issue is reported that these premixed coffees have passed food inspection test and eventually released to the market for public consumption. These coffees were claimed to be spiked with several sexual enhancers like sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafill, which are common drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction. Methods: Chemometrics approach using UV-Vis spectroscopy was developed to detect the selected sexual enhancer drugs found in commercial coffees by employing SIMCA-P software for the multivariate statistical analysis. Seven brands of coffee samples were purchased from local stores, and 30 sachets each were tested, hence totalling to 210 samples. Each sample was named H, J, G, W, N, T, and K, respectively. Results: Three multivariate models were generated, namely principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). OPLS-DA was selected as the best model for the overall results as it displayed minimal discriminate. Sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil were detected in sample H, while vardenafil in brand J, and none in samples G, W, N, T, and K. Conclusion: OPLS-DA analysis showed discrimination for the sexual enhancer drugs in two brands of premixed coffee. The UV-Vis spectroscopy-based chemometrics method proved to be reliable and efficient in determining the selected drugs, as well as in saving time and cost.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  12. Liew SM, Khoo EM, Ho BK, Lee YK, Mimi O, Fazlina MY, et al.
    Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2015 Jul;19(7):764-71.
    PMID: 26056099 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0767
    OBJECTIVES: To determine treatment outcomes and associated predictors of all patients registered in 2012 with the Malaysian National Tuberculosis (TB) Surveillance Registry.
    METHODS: Sociodemographic and clinical data were analysed. Unfavourable outcomes included treatment failure, transferred out and lost to follow-up, treatment defaulters, those not evaluated and all-cause mortality.
    RESULTS: In total, 21 582 patients were registered. The mean age was 42.36 ± 17.77 years, and 14.2% were non-Malaysians. The majority were new cases (93.6%). One fifth (21.5%) had unfavourable outcomes; of these, 46% died, 49% transferred out or defaulted and 1% failed treatment. Predictors of unfavourable outcomes were older age, male sex, foreign citizenship, lower education, no bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination scar, treatment in tertiary settings, smoking, previous anti-tuberculosis treatment, human immunodeficiency virus infection, not receiving directly observed treatment, advanced chest radiography findings, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extra-pulmonary TB. For all-cause mortality, predictors were similar except for rural dwelling and nationality (higher mortality among locals). Absence of BCG scar, previous treatment for TB and MDR-TB were not found to be predictors of all-cause mortality. Indigenous populations in East Malaysia had lower rates of unfavourable treatment outcomes.
    CONCLUSIONS: One fifth of TB patients had unfavourable outcomes. Intervention strategies should target those at increased risk of unfavourable outcomes and all-cause mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  13. Khan AH, Sulaiman SAS, Laghari M, Hassali MA, Muttalif AR, Bhatti Z, et al.
    BMC Infect Dis, 2019 Aug 05;19(1):691.
    PMID: 31382889 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4312-9
    BACKGROUND: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) represents about 14% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia. The aims of the study include evaluation of socio-demographic factors, clinical manifestations, co-morbidities among patients with EPTB and their treatment outcomes.

    METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to recognize the epidemiology facts of EPTB. Individual data for EPTB patients were collected from TB registers, laboratory TB registers, treatment cards and TB medical personal files into a standardized study questionnaire. Crude (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined to assess the risk factors for EPTB and unsuccessful treatment outcomes.

    RESULTS: There were 1222 EPTB patients presenting 13.1% of all TB cases during 2006-2008. Pleural effusion and lymph node TB were the most frequent types and accounted for 45.1% of all EPTB cases among study participants. Treatment success rate was 67.6%. The best treatment completion rates were found in children ≤15 years (0.478 [0.231-1.028]; p = 0.05). On multivariate analysis, age group 56-65 years (1.658 [1.157-2.376]; p = 0.006), relapse cases (7.078 [1.585-31.613]; p = 0.010), EPTB-DM (1.773 [1.165-2.698]; p = 0.008), patients with no formal (2.266 [1.254-4.095]; p = 0.001) and secondary level of education (1.889 [1.085-3.288]; p = 0.025) were recorded as statistically positive significant risk factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Patients at the risk of EPTB were more likely to be females (1.524 [1.311-1.746]; p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  14. Chemoh W, Sawangjaroen N, Siripaitoon P, Andiappan H, Hortiwakul T, Sermwittayawong N, et al.
    Front Microbiol, 2015;6:1304.
    PMID: 26635769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01304
    Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common opportunistic parasitic diseases in patients living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in HIV-infected patients and to identify associated risk factors in Toxoplasma seropositive patients. This study was conducted at a regional public hospital in Hat Yai, southern Thailand during October 2009 to June 2010. Blood samples were collected from 300 HIV-infected patients. Each subject also answered a socio-demographic and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection. The prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in HIV-infected patients was 109 (36.3%), of which 83 (76.2%) had past infection and 26 (23.9%) had recently acquired Toxoplasma infection as indicated by their IgG avidity. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that gender difference (adjusted OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.05-2.72) was the only factor associated with Toxoplasma infection. From the results obtained, these HIV-infected patients could be at high risk of developing clinical evidence of severe toxoplasmosis. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce primary behavioral practices to prevent Toxoplasma infection among HIV-infected patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  15. Ng ZQ, Wijesuriya R, Misur P, Tan JH, Moe KS, Theophilus M
    Surg Endosc, 2021 02;35(2):636-643.
    PMID: 32072285 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07427-5
    BACKGROUND: Diverticular disease has been linked to obesity. Recent studies have assessed the role of visceral adiposity with diverticulitis and its complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of quantitative radiological measures of visceral adiposity in patients with diverticulitis with vital signs, biochemistry results, uncomplicated versus complicated diverticulitis and its interventions.

    METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all patients with diverticulitis admitted from November 2015 to April 2018 at a single institution was performed. Data collected included demographics, vital signs, biochemistry results, CT scan findings and management outcomes. The patients were divided into uncomplicated (U) and complicated diverticulitis (C) groups. Visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and VFA/SFA ratio (V/S) were measured at L4/L5 level by the radiologist. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the association of VFA, SFA, V/S with the parameters in both U and C groups.

    RESULTS: 352 patients were included in this study (U:C = 265:87). There was no significant difference in vital signs and biochemistry results in both groups. There was no significant difference in VFA, SFA, V/S ratios in both groups. In patients with V/S ratio > 0.4, they were 5.06 times more likely to undergo emergency intervention (95% CI 1.10-23.45) (p = 0.03). On multivariate analysis, a heart rate > 100 (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.7), CRP > 50 (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.9-6.0), WCC  12 (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-3.6) and V/S ratio > 0.4 (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.4) were predictive of complicated diverticulitis.

    CONCLUSION: The quantitative radiological measurement of visceral adiposity is useful in prognostication in patients presenting with diverticulitis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  16. Al-Kubaisy, Waqar A., Niazi, Amjad D.
    Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(2):72-78.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) recently was identified as a major cause of post transfusion hepatitis world wide. To evaluate the role of blood transfusion on the prevalence of HCV infection, by testing antibody and RNA as well as the genotypes of HCV .Also to detect if Blood transfusion acts as unconfounding risk factor for HCV infection.
    Methods Sera from 3491 pregnant women were investigated for the presence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) by using third generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA-3) as screening test, followed by immunoblot assay (Lia Tek-III). In addition 94 sera of studied women were subjected to molecular analysis (at laboratories of Sorin BioMedica - Italy) for the detection of viral RNA and genotypes of HCV. Using RT-PCR & DNA Enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) method.
    Results Our study revealed, that seroprevalence rate of HCV specific Ab & RNA were significantly higher (16.32 %, 80% respectively) among women with a history of blood transfusion, compared to those (2.53%, 56.5%) with no such history P=0.0001, P=0.01. And there is a significant direct linear correlation between number of blood transfused and the seropositive rate of anti-HCV (r=0.7, p=0.046). Based on multivariate analysis, interestingly, this study confirmed that, blood transfusion significantly acting as unconfounding risk factor for acquiring HCV infection (Adjusted OR=1.938,95% C.I=1.646-2.28). And the risk of exposure is increases with increased number of blood transfused. Although, we found no significant association between, HCV genotypic distribution and history of blood transfusion. However, high proportion of women with a history of blood transfusion were harboring HCV genotype -4 or 1b, 50%,40%, resepctively.
    Conclusions Our study shows, evidence that, blood transfusion acts as unconfounding risk factor for acquiring and in a mode of transmission of HCV infection. Therefore strict screening of blood donor for HCV-Abs and / or RNA is highly recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  17. Norazirah MN, Khor IS, Adawiyah J, Tamil AM, Azmawati MN
    Malays Fam Physician, 2020;15(1):23-29.
    PMID: 32284801
    Introduction: Lower limb cellulitis is a common superficial skin infection that leads to morbidity and mortality. Cellulitis risk factors have been well studied in many countries, but to date, not in Malaysia. Geographical and climate variables may affect risk factors. Early identification of the preventable risk factors is vital to prevent cellulitis and improve holistic patient care.

    Objective: To determine the risk factors of lower limb cellulitis amongst hospitalized patients at a tertiary center.

    Methods: A prospective case-control study of hospitalized patients with a clinical diagnosis of lower limb cellulitis was conducted at UKM Medical Centre, January-August 2015. Each patient was compared to two age and gender-matched control patients. All patients were interviewed and examined for risk factors of cellulitis.

    Results: A total of 96 cellulitis patients and 192 controls participated in this study. The cellulitis patients included 61 males and 35 females with a mean age of 62.07±15.43 years. The majority of patients were experiencing their first episode of cellulitis. Multivariate analysis showed a previous history of cellulitis (OR 25.53; 95% CI 4.73-137.79), sole anomalies (OR 16.32; 95% CI 6.65-40.06), ulceration (OR 14.86; 95% CI 1.00-219.39), venous insufficiency (OR 10.46 95% CI 1.98-55.22), interdigital intertrigo (OR 8.86; 95% CI 3.33-23.56), eczema (OR 5.74; 95% CI 0.96.-34.21), and limb edema (OR 3.95; 95% CI 1.82-8.59) were the significant risk factors for lower limb cellulitis.

    Conclusion: Previous cellulitis and factors causing skin barrier disruption such as sole anomalies, ulceration, venous insufficiency, eczema, intertrigo, and limb edema were the risk factors for lower limb cellulitis. Physician awareness, early detection, and treatment of these factors at the primary care level may prevent hospital admission and morbidity associated with cellulitis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  18. Masood M, Newton T, Bakri NN, Khalid T, Masood Y
    J Dent, 2017 Jan;56:78-83.
    PMID: 27825838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.11.002
    OBJECTIVES: To identify the determinants of OHRQoL among older people in the United Kingdom.

    METHODS: A subset of elderly (≥65year) participants from the UK Adult Dental Health Survey 2009 data was used. OHRQoL was assessed by means of the OHIP-14 additive score. The number of missing teeth; presence of active caries, dental pain, root caries, tooth wear, periodontal pockets>4mm, loss of attachment>9mm; having PUFA>0 (presence of severely decayed teeth with visible pulpal involvement, ulceration caused by dislocated tooth fragments, fistula and abscess); and wearing a denture were used as predictor variables. Age, gender, marital status, education level, occupation and presence of any long standing illness were used as control variables. Multivariate zero-inflated Poisson regression analysis was performed using R-project statistical software.

    RESULTS: A total of 1277 elderly participants were included. The weighted mean(SE) OHIP-14 score of these participants was 2.95 (0.17). Having active caries (IRR=1.37, CI=1.25;1.50), PUFA>0 (IRR=1.17, CI=1.05;1.31), dental pain (IRR=1.34, CI=1.20;1.50), and wearing dentures (IRR=1.30, CI=1.17;1.44), were significantly positively associated with OHIP-14 score. Having periodontal pockets>4mm, at least one bleeding site, and anterior tooth wear were not significantly associated with the OHIP-14 score.

    CONCLUSION: Whereas previous research has suggested a moderate relationship between oral disease and quality of life in this large scale survey of older adults, the presence of active caries and the presence of one or more of the PUFA indicators are associated with impaired oral health related quality of life in older adults, but not indicators of periodontal status. The implication of this is that whilst focussing on prevention of disease, there is an ongoing need for oral health screening and treatment in this group.

    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  19. Esa R, Savithri V, Humphris G, Freeman R
    Eur J Oral Sci, 2010 Feb;118(1):59-65.
    PMID: 20156266 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00701.x
    The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental anxiety and dental decay experience among antenatal mothers attending Maternal and Child Health clinics in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 407 antenatal mothers in Seremban, Malaysia. The questionnaire consisted of participants' demographic profile and the Dental Fear Survey. The D(3cv)MFS was employed as the outcome measure and was assessed by a single examiner (intraclass correlation = 0.98). A structural equation model was designed to inspect the relationship between dental anxiety and dental decay experience. The mean Dental Fear Survey score for all participants was 35.1 [95% confidence interval (34.0, 36.3)]. The mean D(3cv)MFS score was 10.8 [95% confidence interval (9.5, 12.1)]. Participants from low socio-economic status groups had significantly higher D(3cv)MFS counts than those from high socio-economic status groups. The path model with dental anxiety and socio-economic status as predictors of D(3cv)MFS showed satisfactory fit. The correlation between dental anxiety and dental decay experience was 0.30 (standardized estimate), indicating a positive association. Socio-economic status was also statistically significantly associated with the D(3cv)MFS count (beta = 0.19). This study presented robust evidence for the significant relationship between dental anxiety and dental decay experience in antenatal mothers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
  20. Teh CH, Lim KK, Chan YY, Lim KH, Azahadi O, Hamizatul Akmar AH, et al.
    Public Health, 2014 May;128(5):416-23.
    PMID: 24726414 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.10.008
    OBJECTIVES: Despite the health-enhancing benefits of physical activity, a large segment of the Malaysian population does not engage in regular physical activity at the recommended level. This study aimed to determine physical activity patterns and the associated sociodemographic correlates of physical activity.
    STUDY DESIGN: Data on physical activity were obtained from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2011, a nationally representative, population-based cross-sectional study. A two-stage stratified sampling method was used to select a representative sample of Malaysian adults aged 16 years and above.
    METHODS: A total of 19,145 adults aged 16 years and above were recruited, and face-to-face interviews were conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. The correlates for physical activity were identified using multivariate analysis.
    RESULTS: In this study, 64.3% (95%CI: 63.1-65.5) of Malaysian adults aged 16 and above were physically active, but overall physical activity levels decreased with advancing age. Men, rural residents, 'other' ethnic groups, and married women were more likely to demonstrate higher levels of physical activity.
    CONCLUSION: Approximately 65% of Malaysian adults were physically active. However, it is recommended that health promotions for active lifestyles should be targeted to the least active segments, which constitute more than a quarter of the Malaysian population.
    KEYWORDS: Correlates; IPAQ; Malaysian adults; Physical activity; Sociodemographic
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2011)
    Matched MeSH terms: Multivariate Analysis
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links