Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 34 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. 2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) induces apoptosis of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via oxidation-triggered JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways
    Ong JY, Yong PV, Lim YM, Ho AS
    Life Sci, 2015 Aug 15;135:158-64.
    PMID: 25896662 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.019
    The compound 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) was previously shown to be cytotoxic against several cancer cell lines, but its mode of action is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of MNQ-induced cytotoxicity of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  2. A facile ultrasonic-aided biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. leaf extract and its antidiabetic, antibacterial, and oxidative activity evaluation
    Bayrami A, Alioghli S, Rahim Pouran S, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Khataee A, Ramesh S
    Ultrason Sonochem, 2019 Jul;55:57-66.
    PMID: 31084791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.03.010
    The synthesis of nanoparticles often result in the generation of harmful chemical pollutants. As such, many researchers have focused on developing green processes, which include the biosynthesis. In this research, ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using the leaf extract of whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) via a simple ultrasonic-assisted method. The morphology, crystal size and structure, surface, thermal, and optical properties of the bio-mediated ZnO sample (ZnOext) were analyzed and compared with that produced without incorporating the extract (ZnOchem). The ZnO samples were evaluated for their antidiabetic, antibacterial, as well as their sono- and photo-catalytic performances. Initially, the samples were intraperitoneal injected to alloxan-diabetic rats to examine their treatment efficiency in terms of effects on fasting blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and total triglyceride levels. The ZnOext showed significantly higher efficiency for improving the health status of alloxan-diabetic rats in contrast with other tested treatments, vis. ZnOchem, insulin, and only leaf extract. In addition, both the ZnO samples were assessed against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and through sono- and photo-catalytic processes for removing rhodamine B, respectively. The results of this study indicated that not only the ZnOext sample was pollution free, it also exhibited higher potentials for treating diabetic rats, bacterial decontamination, and also oxidative removal of organic compounds under the influences of ultrasound and UV irradiations when compared with ZnOchem sample.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  3. A kinetic study of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification at the optimum pH and sodium bicarbonate dose
    Ghafari S, Hasan M, Aroua MK
    Bioresour Technol, 2010 Apr;101(7):2236-42.
    PMID: 20015639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.068
    In this study the kinetics of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification was studied under optimum solution pH and bicarbonate concentration. The optimal pH and bicarbonate concentration were firstly obtained using a design of experiment (DOE) methodology. For this purpose a total of 11 experiments were carried out. Sodium bicarbonate concentrations ranging of 20-2000 mg/L and pH values from 6.5 to 8.5 were used in the optimization runs. It was found that the pH has a more pronounced effect on the denitrification process as compared to the bicarbonate dose. The developed quadratic model predicted the optimum conditions at pH 8 and 1100 mg NaHCO(3)/L. Using these optimal conditions, the kinetics of denitrification for nitrate and nitrite degradation were investigated in separate experiments. Both processes were found to follow a zero order kinetic model. The ultimate specific degradation rates for nitrate and nitrite remediation were 29.60 mg NO(3)(-)-N/g MLVSS/L and 34.85 mg NO(3)(-)-N/g MLVSS/L respectively, when hydrogen was supplied every 0.5h.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  4. Fulltext A metabolomic analysis of thiol response for standard and modified N-acetyl cysteine treatment regimens in patients with acetaminophen overdose
    Dear JW, Ng ML, Bateman DN, Leroy Sivappiragasam P, Choi H, Khoo BBJ, et al.
    Clin Transl Sci, 2021 Jul;14(4):1476-1489.
    PMID: 33742775 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13009
    N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antidote to prevent acetaminophen (paracetamol-APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). The 3-bag licensed 20.25 h standard regimen, and a 12 h modified regimen, are used to treat APAP overdose. This study evaluated the redox thiol response and APAP metabolites, in patients with a single APAP overdose treated with either the 20.25 h standard or 12 h modified regimen. We used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to quantify clinically important oxidative stress biomarkers and APAP metabolites in plasma samples from 45 patients who participated in a randomized controlled trial (SNAP trial). We investigated the time course response of plasma metabolites at predose, 12 h, and 20.25 h post-start of NAC infusion. The results showed that the 12 h modified regimen resulted in a significant elevation of plasma NAC and cysteine concentrations at 12 h post-infusion. We found no significant alteration in the metabolism of APAP, mitochondrial, amino acids, and other thiol biomarkers with the two regimens. We examined APAP and purine metabolism in overdose patients who developed ALI. We showed the major APAP-metabolites and xanthine were significantly higher in patients with ALI. These biomarkers correlated well with alanine aminotransferase activity at admission. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that at admission, plasma APAP-metabolites and xanthine concentrations were predictive for ALI. In conclusion, a significantly higher redox thiol response with the modified NAC regimen at 12 h postdose suggests this regimen may produce greater antioxidant efficacy. At baseline, plasma APAP and purine metabolites may be useful biomarkers for early prediction of APAP-induced ALI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  5. A novel nano-anti-malarial induces redox damage and elicits cytokine response to the parasite
    Das S, Tripathy S, Pramanik P, Saha B, Roy S
    Cytokine, 2021 08;144:155555.
    PMID: 33992538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155555
    Emergence and spread of resistant parasites to the newest chemotherapeutic anti-malarial agents are the biggest challenges against malaria control programs. Therefore, developing a novel effective treatment to reduce the overgrowing burden of multidrug resistant malaria is a pressing need. Herein, we have developed a biocompatible and biodegradable, non-toxic chitosan-tripolyphosphate-chloroquine (CS-TPP CQ) nanoparticle. CS-TPP CQ nanoparticles effectively kill the parasite through redox generation and induction of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both sensitive and resistant parasite in vitro. The in vitro observations showed a strong inhibitory effect (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects*
  6. Fulltext Antioxidant Activities of 4-Methylumbelliferone Derivatives
    Al-Majedy YK, Al-Amiery AA, Kadhum AA, Mohamad AB
    PLoS One, 2016;11(5):e0156625.
    PMID: 27243231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156625
    The synthesis of derivatives of 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MUs), which are structurally interesting antioxidants, was performed in this study. The modification of 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU) by different reaction steps was performed to yield the target compounds, the 4-MUs. The 4-MUs were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques (Fourier transform infrared; FT-IR and Nuclear magnetic resonance; NMR) and micro-elemental analysis (CHNS). The in vitro antioxidant activity of the 4-MUs was evaluated in terms of their free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity assay, chelating activity and their (FRAP) ferric-reducing antioxidant power, which were compared with a standard antioxidant. Our results reveal that the 4-MUs exhibit excellent radical scavenging activities. The antioxidant mechanisms of the 4-MUs were also studied. Density Function Theory (DFT)-based quantum chemical studies were performed with the basis set at 3-21G. Molecular models of the synthesized compounds were studied to understand the antioxidant activity. The electron levels, namely HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), for these synthesized antioxidants were also studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  7. Fulltext Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Various Solvent Extracts from In Vivo and In Vitro Grown Trifolium pratense L. (Red Clover)
    Khorasani Esmaeili A, Mat Taha R, Mohajer S, Banisalam B
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:643285.
    PMID: 26064936 DOI: 10.1155/2015/643285
    In the present study the extracts of in vivo and in vitro grown plants as well as callus tissue of red clover were tested for their antioxidant activities, using different extraction solvent and different antioxidant assays. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as extraction yield of the extracts were also investigated to determine their correlation with the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Among all the tested extracts the highest amounts of total phenolic and total flavonoids content were found in methanol extract of in vivo grown plants. The antioxidant activity of tested samples followed the order in vivo plant extract > callus extract > in vitro extract. The highest reducing power, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, and chelating power were found in methanol extracts of in vivo grown red clover, while the chloroform fraction of in vivo grown plants showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging compared to the other tested extracts. A significant correlation was found between the antioxidant activity of extracts and their total phenolic and total flavonoid content. According to the findings, the extract of in vitro culture of red clover especially the callus tissue possesses a comparable antioxidant activity to the in vivo cultured plants' extract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  8. Fulltext Antioxidant activity characterization, phytochemical screening, and proximate analysis of Cermela Hutan (Phyllanthus gomphocarpus Hook. F) roots and leaves
    Bahari EA, Zaaba NE, Haron N, Dasiman R, Amom Z
    Med Sci Monit Basic Res, 2014;20:170-5.
    PMID: 25381551 DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.892345
    Roots and leaves of the Cermela Hutan (Phyllanthus gomphocarpus Hook. F) plant were studied to determine antioxidant activity, phytochemical compounds, proportion of carbohydrate, crude protein, moisture, ash, fat, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  9. Fulltext Antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of Piper betle, Areca catechu, Uncaria gambir and betel quid with and without calcium hydroxide
    Sazwi NN, Nalina T, Abdul Rahim ZH
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2013;13:351.
    PMID: 24330738 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-351
    Betel quid chewing is a popular habit in Southeast Asia. It is believed that chewing betel quid could reduce stress, strengthen teeth and maintain oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of each of the ingredients of betel quid and compared with betel quid itself (with and without calcium hydroxide). The correlation of their cytoprotective and antioxidant activities with phenolic content was also determined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  10. Fulltext Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes
    Phang CW, Malek SN, Ibrahim H
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2013 Oct 01;13:243.
    PMID: 24083445 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-243
    BACKGROUND: Alpinia pahangensis, a wild ginger distributed in the lowlands of Pahang, Malaysia, is used by the locals to treat flatulence. In this study, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the crude aqueous methanol and fractionated extracts of Alpinia pahangensis against five different cancer and one normal cell lines were investigated. The total phenolic content of each extract and its fractions were also quantified. This is the first report on the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Alpinia pahangensis extract.

    METHODS: In the current study, the crude methanol and fractionated extract of the rhizomes of Alpinia pahangensis were investigated for their antioxidant activity using four different assays namely, the DPPH scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging, β-carotene bleaching and reducing power assays whilst their phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu's method.In vitro neutral red cytotoxicity assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity against five different cancer cell lines, colon cancer (HCT 116 and HT-29), cervical cancer (Ca Ski), breast cancer (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and one normal cell line (MRC-5). The extract that showed high cytotoxic activity was further investigated for its chemical constituents by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis.

    RESULTS: The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (0.35 ± 0.094 mg/ml) and SOD activities (51.77 ± 4.9%) whilst the methanol extract showed the highest reducing power and also the strongest antioxidant activity in the β-carotene bleaching assays in comparison to other fractions. The highest phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the crude methanol extract, hexane and water fractions. The results showed a positive correlation between total phenolic content with DPPH radical scavenging capacities and SOD activities. The hexane fraction showed potent cytotoxic effect against KB, Ca Ski and HCT 116 cell lines with IC₅₀ of 5.8 ± 0.1 and 9.1 ± 2.0 ug/ml, respectively. The major components of hexane fraction analysed by GC-MS analysis were mostly methyl esters.

    CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of A. pahangensis is a potential source of natural antioxidant for protective as well as prevention of life-threatening diseases. The hexane fraction of A. pahangensis may have the potential to be developed into therapeutic option for treating cancer.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  11. Antioxidative and Inhibitory Effects of the Fruiting Body of Black Lingzhi Mushroom, Amauroderma rugosum (Agaricomycetes), on LDL Oxidation and HMG-CoA Reductase Activity
    Seng CK, Abdullah N, Aminudin N
    Int J Med Mushrooms, 2017;19(9):797-807.
    PMID: 29199554 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2017024374
    Amauroderma rugosum fruiting bodies possess excellent cardiovascular benefits, including antioxidative, antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, and antithrombotic effects. In this article, we describe our investigations of the in vitro antioxidant activity and in vitro antiatherosclerotic potential through inhibitory effects on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL peroxidation, and 3-hydroxy3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase catalytic activity using various fruiting body extracts partitioned with an organic solvent. Among 5 extracts/fractions tested, the semipolar ethyl acetate (EA) fraction demonstrated good antioxidant capacity based on total phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, ferrous ion-chelating ability, cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity, and lipid peroxidation assays. The EA fraction also showed the strongest inhibitory effect on Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation via thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation and HMG-CoA reductase activity. Chemical analysis conjointly identified 10 phenolic compounds (4 benzoic acid derivatives, 3 flavonoids, 1 cinnamic acid, 1 hexahydroxydiphenic acid dilactone, and 1 xanthone derivative), some of which play pivotal roles in arresting the physiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis, thereby attenuating the risk of cardiovascular events occurring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  12. Fulltext Benzofuranyl Esters: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Determination, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
    Kumar CS, Then LY, Chia TS, Chandraju S, Win YF, Sulaiman SF, et al.
    Molecules, 2015 Sep 11;20(9):16566-81.
    PMID: 26378514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916566
    A series of five new 2-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl 4-(un/substituted)benzoates 4(a-e), with the general formula of C₈H₅O(C=O)CH₂O(C=O)C₆H₄X, X = H, Cl, CH₃, OCH₃ or NO₂, was synthesized in high purity and good yield under mild conditions. The synthesized products 4(a-e) were characterized by FTIR, ¹H-, (13)C- and ¹H-(13)C HMQC NMR spectroscopic analysis and their 3D structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The tested compounds showed antimicrobial ability in the order of 4b < 4a < 4c < 4d < 4e and the highest potency with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 125 µg/mL was observed for 4e. The results of antioxidant activities revealed the highest activity for compound 4e (32.62% ± 1.34%) in diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 4d (31.01% ± 4.35%) in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 4a (27.11% ± 1.06%) in metal chelating (MC) activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  13. Celastrol attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in palmitate-mediated insulin resistance in C3A hepatocytes
    Abu Bakar MH, Sarmidi MR, Tan JS, Mohamad Rosdi MN
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2017 Mar 15;799:73-83.
    PMID: 28161417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.043
    Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction-induced inflammation is among the convergence points for the greatest hallmarks of hepatic insulin resistance. Celastrol, an anti-inflammatory compound from the root of Tripterygium Wilfordii has been reported to mitigate insulin resistance and inflammation in animal disease models. Nevertheless, the specific mechanistic actions of celastrol in modulating such improvements at the cellular level remain obscure. The present study sought to explore the mechanistic roles of celastrol upon insulin resistance induced by palmitate in C3A human hepatocytes. The hepatocytes exposed to palmitate (0.75mM) for 48h exhibited reduced both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to increased mitochondrial oxidative stress with diminished fatty acid oxidation. Elevated expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways and the amplified release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP were observed following palmitate treatment. Consistently, palmitate reduced and augmented phosphorylated Tyrosine-612 and Serine-307 of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) proteins, respectively in hepatocytes. However, celastrol at the optimum concentration of 30nM was able to reverse these deleterious occasions and protected the cells from mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Importantly, we presented evidence for the first time that celastrol efficiently prevented palmitate-induced insulin resistance in hepatocytes at least, via improved mitochondrial functions and insulin signaling pathways. In summary, the present investigation underlines a conceivable mechanism to elucidate the cytoprotective potential of celastrol in attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation against the development of hepatic insulin resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  14. Fulltext Counteracting the Ramifications of UVB Irradiation and Photoaging with Swietenia macrophylla King Seed
    Mahendra CK, Abidin SAZ, Htar TT, Chuah LH, Khan SU, Ming LC, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Apr 01;26(7).
    PMID: 33916053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072000
    In this day and age, the expectation of cosmetic products to effectively slow down skin photoaging is constantly increasing. However, the detrimental effects of UVB on the skin are not easy to tackle as UVB dysregulates a wide range of molecular changes on the cellular level. In our research, irradiated keratinocyte cells not only experienced a compromise in their redox system, but processes from RNA translation to protein synthesis and folding were also affected. Aside from this, proteins involved in various other processes like DNA repair and maintenance, glycolysis, cell growth, proliferation, and migration were affected while the cells approached imminent cell death. Additionally, the collagen degradation pathway was also activated by UVB irradiation through the upregulation of inflammatory and collagen degrading markers. Nevertheless, with the treatment of Swietenia macrophylla (S. macrophylla) seed extract and fractions, the dysregulation of many genes and proteins by UVB was reversed. The reversal effects were particularly promising with the S. macrophylla hexane fraction (SMHF) and S. macrophylla ethyl acetate fraction (SMEAF). SMHF was able to oppose the detrimental effects of UVB in several different processes such as the redox system, DNA repair and maintenance, RNA transcription to translation, protein maintenance and synthesis, cell growth, migration and proliferation, and cell glycolysis, while SMEAF successfully suppressed markers related to skin inflammation, collagen degradation, and cell apoptosis. Thus, in summary, our research not only provided a deeper insight into the molecular changes within irradiated keratinocytes, but also serves as a model platform for future cosmetic research to build upon. Subsequently, both SMHF and SMEAF also displayed potential photoprotective properties that warrant further fractionation and in vivo clinical trials to investigate and obtain potential novel bioactive compounds against photoaging.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  15. Fulltext Effect of the tocotrienol-rich fraction on the lifespan and oxidative biomarkers in Caenorhabditis elegans under oxidative stress
    Aan GJ, Zainudin MS, Karim NA, Ngah WZ
    Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2013 May;68(5):599-604.
    PMID: 23778402 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2013(05)04
    OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the effect of the tocotrienol-rich fraction on the lifespan and oxidative status of C. elegans under oxidative stress.

    METHOD: Lifespan was determined by counting the number of surviving nematodes daily under a dissecting microscope after treatment with hydrogen peroxide and the tocotrienol-rich fraction. The evaluated oxidative markers included lipofuscin, which was measured using a fluorescent microscope, and protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, which were measured using commercially available kits.

    RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress significantly decreased the mean lifespan of C. elegans, which was restored to that of the control by the tocotrienol-rich fraction when administered before or both before and after the hydrogen peroxide. The accumulation of the age marker lipofuscin, which increased with hydrogen peroxide exposure, was decreased with upon treatment with the tocotrienol-rich fraction (p<0.05). The level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine significantly increased in the hydrogen peroxide-induced group relative to the control. Treatment with the tocotrienol-rich fraction before or after hydrogen peroxide induction also increased the level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine relative to the control. However, neither hydrogen peroxide nor the tocotrienol-rich fraction treatment affected the protein carbonyl content of the nematodes.

    CONCLUSION: The tocotrienol-rich fraction restored the lifespan of oxidative stress-induced C. elegans and reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin but did not affect protein damage. In addition, DNA oxidation was increased.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  16. Effects of topically applied tocotrienol on cataractogenesis and lens redox status in galactosemic rats
    Abdul Nasir NA, Agarwal R, Vasudevan S, Tripathy M, Alyautdin R, Ismail NM
    Mol Vis, 2014;20:822-35.
    PMID: 24940038
    Oxidative and nitrosative stress underlies cataractogenesis, and therefore, various antioxidants have been investigated for anticataract properties. Several vitamin E analogs have also been studied for anticataract effects due to their antioxidant properties; however, the anticataract properties of tocotrienols have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effects of topically applied tocotrienol on the onset and progression of cataract and lenticular oxidative and nitrosative stress in galactosemic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  17. Fulltext Free radical scavenging potential of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl fruits extract
    Mayakrishnan V, Veluswamy S, Sundaram KS, Kannappan P, Abdullah N
    Asian Pac J Trop Med, 2013 Jan;6(1):20-6.
    PMID: 23317881 DOI: 10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60195-3
    OBJECTIVE: To elucidate free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract Lagenaria siceraria (L. siceraria) (Molina) fruit.

    METHODS: The free radical scavenging activity of the L. siceraria (Molina) fruit extract was assayed by using α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,20-azinobis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS), FRAP, reducing power, chelating ability and β-carotene bleaching assay.

    RESULTS: The IC(50) values of DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activity was found to be 1.95 mg/mL and 19 mg/mL, respectively. In ferrous chelation assay, the percentage of inhibition was found to be 89.21%. The reducing power of ethanolic extract of L. siceraria (Molina) fruit was 0.068 at 1 mg/mL and increased to 0.192 at 5 mg/mL. The β-carotene linoleate bleaching assay was 46.7% at 5 mg/mL and antioxidant activity using FRAP at 0.305 for 1 mg/mL to 0.969 for 5 mg/mL.

    CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that L. siceraria (Molina) fruit could be an important sources of natural radical scavengers.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  18. Hexavalent molybdenum reduction to molybdenum blue by S. marcescens strain Dr. Y6
    Shukor MY, Habib SH, Rahman MF, Jirangon H, Abdullah MP, Shamaan NA, et al.
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2008 Apr;149(1):33-43.
    PMID: 18350385 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8137-z
    A molybdate-reducing bacterium has been locally isolated. The bacterium reduces molybdate or Mo(6+) to molybdenum blue (molybdate oxidation states of between 5+ and 6+). Different carbon sources such as acetate, formate, glycerol, citric acid, lactose, fructose, glucose, mannitol, tartarate, maltose, sucrose, and starch were used at an initial concentration of 0.2% (w/v) in low phosphate media to study their effect on the molybdate reduction efficiency of bacterium. All of the carbon sources supported cellular growth, but only sucrose, maltose, glucose, and glycerol (in decreasing order) supported molybdate reduction after 24 h of incubation. Optimum concentration of sucrose for molybdate reduction is 1.0% (w/v) after 24 h of static incubation. Ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, valine, OH-proline, glutamic acid, and alanine (in the order of decreasing efficiency) supported molybdate reduction with ammonium sulfate giving the highest amount of molybdenum blue after 24 h of incubation at 0.3% (w/v). The optimum molybdate concentration that supports molybdate reduction is between 15 and 25 mM. Molybdate reduction is optimum at 35 degrees C. Phosphate at concentrations higher than 5 mM strongly inhibits molybdate reduction. The molybdenum blue produced from cellular reduction exhibits a unique absorption spectrum with a maximum peak at 865 nm and a shoulder at 700 nm. The isolate was tentatively identified as Serratia marcescens Strain Dr.Y6 based on carbon utilization profiles using Biolog GN plates and partial 16s rDNA molecular phylogeny.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  19. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic methods in the evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic activity of Myrmecodia platytyrea as a promising opportunity in diabetes treatment
    Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Morton DW, Adam A, Mizaton HH, Zakaria H
    J Chromatogr A, 2017 Dec 29;1530:192-196.
    PMID: 29132827 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.11.012
    The steady increase of diabetes is becoming a major burden on health care systems. As diabetic complications arise from oxidative stress, an antioxidant therapy along with anti-diabetic drugs is recommended. Myrmecodia or ant plant is highly valued as a traditional medicine in West Papua. It is used as an alternative treatment for diabetes, as the substances produced by ants can reduce blood sugar levels. The aim of this study was to develop and establish high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC)-bioautographic methods to measure the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects in different extracts from Myrmecodia platytyrea and to compare them with sterol content. Antioxidant activity in methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EA) extracts were measured with a direct HPTLC-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) assay, while hypoglycemic effects were assessed using a newly developed α-amylase inhibitory activity assay. Stigmasterol is observed, after derivatization with anisaldehyde, as purple colored zones under visible light at hRF values of 0.66. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the ethanol extract which is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, while the DCM extract did not show antioxidant activity, but had significant α-amylase inhibitory activity. The highest α-amylase inhibitory activity was observed in the EA and DCM extracts and was related to their stigmasterol content.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
  20. High-performance thin-layer chromatography HPTLC-direct bioautography as a method of choice for alpha-amylase and antioxidant activity evaluation in marine algae
    Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Morton DW
    J Chromatogr A, 2017 Dec 29;1530:197-203.
    PMID: 29157606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.11.024
    High-Performance Thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with DPPH free radical method and α-amylase bioassay was used to compare antioxidant and antidiabetic activities in ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from 10 marine macroalgae species (3 Chlorophyta, 4 Phaeophyta and 3 Rhodophyta) from Blue Lagoon beach (Malaysia). Samples were also evaluated for their phenolic and stigmasterol content. On average, higher antioxidant activity was observed in the ethyl acetate extracts (55.1mg/100g gallic acid equivalents (GAE) compared to 35.0mg/100g GAE) while, as expected, phenolic content was higher in ethanol extracts (330.5mg/100g GAE compared to 289.5mg/100g GAE). Amounts of fucoxanthin, stigmasterol and α-amylase inhibitory activities were higher in ethyl acetate extracts. Higher enzyme inhibition is therefore related to higher concentrations of triterpenes and phytosterols (Note: these compounds are more soluble in ethyl acetate). Ethyl acetate extracts from Caulerpa racemosa and Padina minor, had the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, and also showed moderately high antioxidant activities, stigmasterol content and polyphenolic content. Caulerpa racemose, being green algae, does not contain fucoxanthin, while Padina minor, being brown algae, contains high amounts of fucoxanthin. Therefore, it is very unlikely that fucoxanthin contributes to α-amylase inhibitory activity as previously reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links