Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 150 in total

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  1. Abd Rahman MN, Aziz FA, Yusuff RM
    J Hum Ergol (Tokyo), 2010 Jun;39(1):53-6.
    PMID: 21922791 DOI: 10.11183/jhe.39.53
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort among workers in a car tyre service centre. Questionnaire survey and interview session were used to identify the level of body discomfort areas and sources of injury or discomfort. From questionnaire survey findings, 12 of respondents have body discomfort in the neck (66.7%%), shoulder (83.3%), elbow/forearm (75%), hand/wrist (91.7%), knee (58.3%), lower leg (75%), ankle/foot (33%) and lower back (30%). The main sources of injury/discomfort in the workplace were poor body posture (75%), bending the back (75%), highly repetitive motions (75%), lifting heavy objects (83.3%), the long-term standing (66.7%), long-term squatting (58.3%), bending the neck (66.7%) and high hand force (58.3%). About 50% reported that poor workplace design also contributed to injury while 41.7% mentioned the use of hand tools. To address modifying the ergonomic hazards, engineering controls and administrative controls can be used. The study will be useful to ergonomists, researchers, consultants, workshop managers, maintenance workers and others concerned with identifying body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort at the workplace.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  2. Abdulazeez Uba Muhammad, Kassim Abdulrahman Abdullah, Waleed Fekry Faris
    MyJurnal
    The best commonly applied approach in seating ergonomics is the concept that the seat must fit the sitter.
    Understanding of population anthropometry is necessary because, in the mass vehicle market, a single seat should fit
    a huge portion of the population. This research work proposes some automotive seat fit parameters based on a
    representative Nigerian anthropometric data, to ensure an optimum fit between the vehicle seats and the occupants,
    as well as providing adequate accommodation. Anthropometric data of 863 Nigerians captured with special emphasis
    on the dimensions that are applicable in automotive seat design. A comparison made between the data obtained and
    that of five other countries. The proposed dimensions includes: seat cushion width (475mm); seat cushion length
    (394mm); seat height (340mm); seat lateral location (583mm); seat back height (480mm); seat back width (427mm);
    armrest height (246mm); headrest height (703mm); armrest surface length (345mm); backrest width (thoracic level)
    (524mm); seat adjustment (186mm); backrest width (lumbar level) (475mm) and distance between armrests
    (475mm). A comparison made between the proposed dimensions and those recommended by four other scholars for
    other populations. Finally, an ergonomic automotive seat suitable for the Nigerian population was designed using
    AutoCAD 2016 software based on the proposed established dimensions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  3. Adeyemi AJ, Rohani JM, Abdul Rani MR
    Appl Ergon, 2017 Jan;58:573-582.
    PMID: 27132042 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.04.009
    The study analysed backpack-related back pain in school children by investigating the possibility of multiple interactions among causative factors, which may be responsible for the non-conclusive findings on the issue. Using data from 444 prepubescent schoolchildren, a mixed method design combining survey, observation and direct measurement strategies was implemented. Using a multivariate structural equation modelling approach, the study investigated interactions among anthropometry, posture, backpack volume, rating and back pain constructs, with each construct made of 2-4 indicators. Additionally, regression analysis was used to determine the feasibility of considering the two additional factors of age and body mass index along with the globally accepted recommendation of a load of 10-15% of body weight. Our model demonstrated an acceptable model fit and revealed direct and indirect effects of the factors. Obese children were recommended to carry a one-third lighter load than other children. The application of systematic/multiple strategies provided an explanation for some of the issues associated with school children's backpack-related back pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  4. Ahmad Rasdan Ismail, Mohd Afiq Zainal Rosli, Isa Halim, Baba Md. Deros, Mohd Nizam Ab Rahman, Md. Mustafizur Rahman
    MyJurnal
    The main purpose of this study was to establish the comfort zone for bus drivers in a seated position. In addition, this study is to investigate the seated pressure distribution among Malaysian bus drivers. The study consists of 10 bus drivers randomly selected to be a part of this study. The FSA pressure mat was utilized in order to investigate the force distribution of buttock to the seat pan of the drivers’ seat. This device is placed on the driver seat and backrest. Later, the subject would sit on for several minute. The finding reveals that most of the bus drivers feel discomfort by having low back pain and musculoskeletal disorder. The seat pressure distribution of Malaysian busses indicated that the seat not able to absorb high pressure generated from buttock that later may cause the discomfort and restricted the performance of drivers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  5. Ahmed, M., Huq, M.S., Ibrahim, B.S.K.K., Ahmed, A.
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(1):211-223.
    MyJurnal
    Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) can be used to revive movement
    functions of the human body to a certain degree which was lost due to
    occurrences of the nervous system disorders resulting from accidents or
    diseases. It can also be employed for gait rehabilitation as well as therapy.
    Control systems could be employed to improve on the FES-induced motion,
    and the closed-loop was targeted due to its advantages. Based on the papers
    reviewed, studies have shown that the linear control schemes are popular for
    movement restoration in the lower limb, but mostly for continuous standing
    contributing to mainly the stance phase. Therefore, a myriad of limitations
    was observed which include: the need for using improved sensors, re-tuning
    for every subject, tests conducted using patient with more straightforward
    ailments, complexity in implementation and most importantly is the issue of
    stability. The swing phase of gait movement and the full walking motion have
    more complex dynamics and coupled with the nature of the plant (human with
    nervous system disorder and the neuromuscular structure) could render the
    linear control method obsolete or unsuitable. Hence, there is a need to
    investigate other techniques such as the nonlinear and intelligent control
    methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  6. Ambusam S, Baharudin O, Roslizawati N, Leonard J
    Clin Ter, 2015 Nov-Dec;166(6):256-61.
    PMID: 26794814 DOI: 10.7417/CT.2015.1898
    Document holder is used as a remedy to address occupational neck pain among computer users. An understanding on the effects of the document holder along with other work related risk factors while working in computer workstation requires attention. A comprehensive knowledge on the optimal location of the document holder in computer use and associated work related factors that may contribute to neck pain reviewed in this article. A literature search has been conducted over the past 14 years based on the published articles from January 1990 to January 2014 in both Science Direct and PubMed databases. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords for search were neck muscle OR head posture OR muscle tension' OR muscle activity OR work related disorders OR neck pain AND/OR document location OR document holder OR source document OR copy screen holder.Document holder placed lateral to the screen was most preferred to reduce neck discomfort among occupational typists. Document without a holder was placed flat on the surface is least preferred. The head posture and muscle activity increases when the document is placed flat on the surface compared to when placed on the document holder. Work related factors such as static posture, repetitive movement, prolong sitting and awkward positions were the risk factors for chronic neck pain. This review highlights the optimal location for document holder for computer users to reduce neck pain. Together, the importance of work related risk factors for to neck pain on occupational typist is emphasized for the clinical management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  7. Anita, A.R., Yazdani, A., Hayati, K.S., Adon, M.Y.
    MyJurnal
    Automotive industry in Malaysia is one of the booming industries which encompass the design, development and manufacturing of motor vehicles. However, it has its own setback as the interaction between complex tools, machines, and instruments, coupled with humans as workers pose several health hazards. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and the association with awkward posture among automotive assembly line workers. A simple random sampling method was adopted and data were collected based on Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method for analysing awkward posture. With a response rate of 83%, a total of 232 assembly line workers with at least one year job tenure participated in this study. The findings revealed that 78.4% of workers reported MSD while the highest percentage of complaints concerned the lower back (50.9%). Three factors were found to be significantly associated with MSD: age (χ2=5.61, p=0.018), job tenure (χ2= 8.26, p=0.004) and awkward posture (χ2= 65.37, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that significant risk factors for MSD symptoms were workers aged ≥ 25 years old (OR= 2.25, 95%CI 1.14-4.46) and those workers with equal and more than three years job tenure (OR= 2.44, 95%CI 1.04-5.63). In addition, workers in the very high and high RULA action level who were 69 times (OR = 69.38, 95%CI 14.51- 331.73) and 12 times (OR = 12.42, 95%CI 5.21-29.58), respectively, also had higher odds of complaints of MSD. The high prevalence of MSD shows that MSD symptoms is a significant problem among automotive assembly line workers while age, job tenure and awkward posture based on RULA action level are the significant factors for MSD. In particular, this study proves that the prevalence of MSD increases as the RULA action level and job tenure increases. Thus, this problem could be reduced by decreasing RULA action level through appropriate ergonomic workstation design and ergonomic training for workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  8. Annuar, I., Nurulakhmar, A.S., Mazruras, S., Azhar, A.H.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Back pain associated with sense of pain and less comfort in back part of the body especially at the lower back area. Back pain is an occupational health problem with significant impact to productivity of workers.
    Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted to study the prevalence of back pain towards individual, physical and psychosocial factors associated among body shop’s operators at national Automotive Manufacturers.
    Result: A total of 32 operators were involved in this study. Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire has been used in this study and body position assessment was done by using Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS) method. Study showed the prevalence of back pain among operators throughout their work and in the last 12 months was 93.8% and 87.5% respectively. There are significant association (p0.05) between prevalence of back pain with another individual, physical and psychosocial factor.
    Conclusion: This study shows that back pain prevalence were influenced by types of activity and body posture during working at assembling division among workers. Attention should be given to ergonomics factors to prevent back pain incident among automotive industry assembly workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  9. Anthonysamy D, Azizi ZA, Tajri HM
    Asian J Surg, 2012 Oct;35(4):131-5.
    PMID: 23063083 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2012.06.005
    To determine the effect of intermittent pneumatic foot and calf compression on popliteal artery mean systolic blood flow in patients with intermittent claudication. The secondary objective was to determine the change in blood flow with posture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  10. Ariff, M.S., Arshad, A.A.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Praying represents a fundamental activity of daily living in Muslim community. Muslims need to adopt several postures that require deep flexion of the knee and hip to perform this daily obligation. This is a preliminary report of the study on hip and knee range of motion conducted to obtain normative passive and functional range of flexion data during Muslim prayers in both weight-bearing joints of normal Muslim adults. Methods: A cohort of Malay men aged between 20 to 30 years was recruited in this cross-sectional study. Passive range of motion and flexion angles of the joints in various postures during prayer were measured using a standard goniometer. The difference against existing normative range of motion database available and the influence of various factors were analysed. Factors analysed include body mass index and other anthropometric measurements. Results: Sixty participants recruited for the preliminary phase of this study. The mean (SD) of passive hip and knee flexions were higher compared to other existing normative range of motion database. A unit increase in body mass index will have 0.782 units lower of knee range of motion. The hip and knee flexion arc were from 74.1° to 119.0° and from 3.3° to 119.7° respectively. Conclusion: The range of motion involved for prayers was more for the knee but less for the hip as compared to the measured passive range of motion. Body mass index has a significant linear negative relationship with the passive range of motion of the knee, but not the hip.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  11. Ariffin MHM, Ibrahim K, Baharudin A, Tamil AM
    Asian Spine J, 2019 Oct 15.
    PMID: 31608611 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2019.0075
    Study Design: Prospective observational study (n=74).

    Purpose: To evaluate the learning curve for exoscope and three-dimensional (3D) 4K hybrid visualization in terms of operating time, advantages, disadvantages, and surgical complications in tubular-access minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) and to assess surgeon satisfaction with image quality, ergonomics, and ability to perform target site treatment.

    Overview of Literature: Working through tubular retractors poses a challenge. The extreme angulations during microsurgical decompression, especially contralateral decompression, require surgeons to work non-ergonomically. An exoscope allows surgeons to work ergonomically and independently of the microscope oculars as visualizations are now provided by large 3D 4K monitors. However, the value and efficacy of solely depending on an exoscope and 3D 4K monitors during microsurgical work are still unknown.

    Methods: Seventy-four patients (99 levels) underwent trans-tubular MISS between March 2018 and January 2019. Five patients were excluded: one had pyogenic discitis, two had revisions, and two were trans-tubular transoral. In total, we analyzed 69 for operating time, blood loss, and complications. The learning curve graph was plotted using the surgical time for each procedure. Surgeons were asked to rate their satisfaction with image quality, ability to maintain ergonomic posture, and efficient target site treatment.

    Results: For tubular microdiscectomy, the operating time plateaued after six cases, and for tubular decompression and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, the operating time plateaued after nine cases. Mean operating time was significantly reduced after the plateau. Complications included four cases of dural tear. All patients improved symptomatically, and there were no postoperative neurological deficits.

    Conclusions: Use of the exoscope has a short learning curve. Surgeons benefit from improved ergonomic posture during surgery, and resident teaching appears to be good. The only drawback is the need to rearrange the operating table setup. Complications were comparable to those when using the surgical microscope. An exoscope with hybrid digital visualization provides excellent visualization, depth perception, clarity, and precision target site treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  12. Awang Lukman K, Jeffree MS, Rampal KG
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2019 Mar;25(1):8-16.
    PMID: 28978270 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1388571
    A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of lower back pain (LBP) and its association with whole-body vibration (WBV) and manual materials handling (MMH). We studied 110 commercial vehicle drivers using a self-administered questionnaire and the VI-400Pro human vibration monitor. Prevalence of LBP was 66.4%. The percentage of drivers who had frequent manual handling of heavy loads was 45.5% and those who handled heavy loads in awkward postures accounted for 86.4%. Daily vibration A(8) averaged on the z axis was 0.25 (0.06) m·s-2 and at vector sum was 0.29 (0.07) m·s-2. Daily vibration exposures on the z axis, frequent manual handling of heavy loads and awkward posture during MMH were significantly associated with LBP. Drivers who are exposed to WBV and frequently handle heavy loads manually and with awkward postures probably have more LBP than drivers who are exposed to only one of these risk factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  13. Ayiesah, R., Ismail, D.
    MyJurnal
    Low back pain (LBP) is a major medical and social problem associated with disability and work absenteeism. Since the effect on unawareness on back care among hospital staff may affect the smooth running of the services to the public and patients, it is the objective of this study to identified the awareness of back care among nurses so that preventive measures can be taken. About 80 nurses working in the outpatient clinic was survey using self addressed questionnaires which were adapted from Zutphen Physical Activity Questionnaire at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu. Demographic analysis demonstrated that among the eighty nurses that responded, 37.5% (n=30) are Malays, 25% (n=25) Chinese and 37.5% (n=30) ( to include other Sabahan tribes). Their age group varies between 23 to 55 years of age. A total of 72 nurses, both agreed (45%,n=36) and strongly agreed (45%,n=36) that understanding good postures is important to prevent LBP. They felt strongly (55%, n=44) about the importance of correct lifting techniques, and having a well-designed workplace (50%,n=40). Regarding factors that cause LBP, 55% (n=44) of them strongly agreed that good lifting technique can prevent LBP while 56 (70%) agreed that prolong sitting doing computer work can cause LBP. About 60% (n=48) also agreed that LBP can cause stress and that 45% (n=36) of them strongly agreed that being overweight than average can worsen LBP. However, 40% (n=32) provide a neutral answer to whether height have any influence on LBP while 50% (n=40) agreed that weak back muscles can worsen the backache further. However, 45% (n=36) agreed that games that involved back movement have high risks and 55% (n=44) agreed that swimming helps to strengthen back muscle. The environmental factors addresses issues of footwear and soft mattress where 60%(n=48) agreed while 15%(n=12) strongly agreed that good footware and appropriate use of soft mattresses 60% (n=48) can prevent LBP. This study have demonstrated that the nurses that participated had a clear understanding and knowledge on back care even though a wider study need to be carried out to ensure validity of study finding.

    Study site:outpatient clinic, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  14. Azizan NA, Basaruddin KS, Salleh AF
    Appl Bionics Biomech, 2018;2018:5156348.
    PMID: 30116295 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5156348
    Various studies have examined body posture stability, including postural sway and associated biomechanical parameters, to assess the severity effects of leg length discrepancy (LLD). However, various viewpoints have been articulated on the results of these studies because of certain drawbacks in the comprehensive analysis of the effect of variations in LLD magnitude. Therefore, this systematic review was performed to help focus on the current findings to help identify which biomechanical parameters are most relevant, commonly used, and able to distinguish and/or have specific clinical relevance to the effect of variations in LLD magnitude during static (standing) and dynamic (walking) conditions. Several electronic databases containing studies from the year 1983 to 2016 (Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, PMC, and ProQuest) were obtained in our literature search. The search process yielded 22 published articles that fulfilled our criteria. We found most of the published data that we analyzed to be inconsistent, and very little data was obtained on the correlation between LLD severity and changes in body posture stability during standing and walking. However, the results of the present review study are in line with previous observational studies, which describe asymmetry in the lower limbs corresponding to biomechanical parameters such as gait kinematics, kinetics, and other parameters described during static (standing) postural balance. In future investigations, we believe that it might be useful to use and exploit other balance-related factors that may potentially influence body posture stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  15. Azizan NA, Basaruddin KS, Salleh AF, Sulaiman AR, Safar MJA, Rusli WMR
    J Healthc Eng, 2018;2018:7815451.
    PMID: 29983905 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7815451
    Balance in the human body's movement is generally associated with different synergistic pathologies. The trunk is supported by one's leg most of the time when walking. A person with poor balance may face limitation when performing their physical activities on a daily basis, and they may be more prone to having risk of fall. The ground reaction forces (GRFs), centre of pressure (COP), and centre of mass (COM) in quite standing posture were often measured for the evaluation of balance. Currently, there is still no experimental evidence or study on leg length discrepancy (LLD) during walking. Analysis of the stability parameters is more representative of the functional activity undergone by the person who has a LLD. Therefore, this study hopes to shed new light on the effects of LLD on the dynamic stability associated with VGRF, COP, and COM during walking. Eighteen healthy subjects were selected among the university population with normal BMIs. Each subject was asked to walk with 1.0 to 2.0 ms-1 of walking speed for three to five trials each. Insoles of 0.5 cm thickness were added, and the thickness of the insoles was subsequently raised until 4 cm and placed under the right foot as we simulated LLD. The captured data obtained from a force plate and motion analysis present Peak VGRF (single-leg stance) and WD (double-leg stance) that showed more forces exerted on the short leg rather than long leg. Obviously, changes occurred on the displacement of COM trajectories in the ML and vertical directions as LLD increased at the whole gait cycle. Displacement of COP trajectories demonstrated that more distribution was on the short leg rather than on the long leg. The root mean square (RMS) of COP-COM distance showed, obviously, changes only in ML direction with the value at 3 cm and 3.5 cm. The cutoff value via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) indicates the significant differences starting at the level 2.5 cm up to 4 cm in long and short legs for both AP and ML directions. The present study performed included all the proposed parameters on the effect of dynamic stability on LLD during walking and thus helps to determine and evaluate the balance pattern.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  16. Bhidayasiri R, Rattanachaisit W, Phokaewvarangkul O, Lim TT, Fernandez HH
    Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2019 Feb;59:74-81.
    PMID: 30502095 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.11.005
    The proper diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders usually involves three steps: identifying core features of parkinsonism; excluding other causes; and collating supportive evidence based on clinical signs or investigations. While the recognition of cardinal parkinsonian features is usually straightforward, the appreciation of clinical features suggestive of specific parkinsonian disorders can be challenging, and often requires greater experience and skills. In this review, we outline the clinical features that are relevant to the differential diagnosis of common neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorders, including Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. We aim to make this process relatable to clinicians-in-practice, therefore, have categorised the list of clinical features into groups according to the typical sequence on how clinicians would elicit them during the examination, starting with observation of facial expression and clinical signs of the face, spotting eye movement abnormalities, examination of tremors and jerky limb movements, and finally, examination of posture and gait dysfunction. This review is not intended to be comprehensive. Rather, we have focused on the most common clinical signs that are potentially key to making the correct diagnosis and those that do not require special skills or training for interpretation. Evidence is also provided, where available, such as diagnostic criteria, consensus statements, clinicopathological studies or large multi-centre registries. Pitfalls are also discussed when relevant to the diagnosis. While no clinical signs are pathognomonic for certain parkinsonian disorders, certain clinical clues may assist in narrowing a differential diagnosis and tailoring focused investigations for the individual patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  17. Chan CYW, Chiu CK, Kwan MK
    Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2016 Aug 15;41(16):E973-E980.
    PMID: 26909833 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001516
    STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the proximal thoracic (PT) flexibility and its compensatory ability above the "potential UIV."

    SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Shoulder and neck imbalance can be caused by overcorrection of the main thoracic (MT) curve due to inability of PT segment to compensate.

    METHODS: Cervical supine side bending (CSB) radiographs of 100 Lenke 1 and 2 patients were studied. We further stratified Lenke 1 curves into Lenke 1-ve: PT side bending (PTSB) 80.0% of cases of the PT segment were unable to compensate at T3-T6. In Lenke 1+ve curves, 78.4% were unable to compensate at T6, followed by T5 (75.7%), T4 (73.0%), T3 (59.5%), T2 (27.0%), and T1 (21.6%). In Lenke 1-ve curves, 36.4% of cases were unable to compensate at T6, followed by T5 (45.5%), T4 (45.5%), T3 (30.3%), T2 (21.2%), and T1 (15.2%). A significant difference between Lenke 1-ve and Lenke 1+ve was observed from T3 to T6. The difference between Lenke 1+ve and Lenke 2 curves was significant only at T2.

    CONCLUSION: The compensation ability and the flexibility of the PT segments of Lenke 1-ve and Lenke 1+ve curves were different. Lenke 1+ve curves demonstrated similar characteristics to Lenke 2 curves.

    LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

    Matched MeSH terms: Posture/physiology
  18. Chan CYW, Chiu CK, Ler XY, Ng YH, Chian XH, Tan PH, et al.
    Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2018 Oct 01;43(19):E1143-E1151.
    PMID: 29557927 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002645
    STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study.

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between postoperative upper instrumented vertebrae (UIV) tilt angle with postoperative medial shoulder and neck imbalance.

    SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Studies had found that current recommendations for UIV selection were not predictive of good postoperative shoulder balance.

    METHODS: A total of 98 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with Lenke 1/2 curves who underwent posterior spinal fusion between 2013 and 2014 with minimum follow-up of 2 years were recruited. Radiological parameters: UIV tilt angle, T1 tilt, cervical axis, and clavicle angle were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up.

    RESULTS: Mean age was 16.2 ± 6.2 years. Mean follow-up was 37.9 ± 6.5 months. There were 73.5% Lenke 1 and 26.5% Lenke 2 curves. Significant factors affecting postoperative T1 Tilt were postoperative UIV tilt angle, preoperative T1 tilt, and preoperative UIV tilt angle. Postoperative UIV tilt angle and preoperative cervical axis were significant factors affecting cervical axis at final follow-up. UIV level was not significant independent factor that affected postoperative T1 tilt and cervical axis. There was strong correlation between postoperative UIV tilt angle and T1 tilt for the whole cohort (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  19. Chandrasakaran A, Chee HL, Rampal KG, Tan GLE
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):657-66.
    PMID: 15190650
    A cross-sectional study to determine work-related musculoskeletal problems and ergonomic risk factors was conducted among 529 women semiconductor workers. Overall, 83.4% had musculoskeletal symptoms in the last one year. Pain in the back (57.8%), lower leg (48.4%) and shoulder (44.8%) were the three most common musculoskeletal problems. Significant associations were found between prolonged standing and upper and lower leg pain, between prolonged sitting and neck and shoulder pain and between prolonged bending and shoulder arm, back and upper leg pain. The study therefore showed a clear association between work-related musculoskeletal pain and prolonged hours spent in particular postures and movements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
  20. Chong SY, Fhun LC, Tai E, Chong MF, Sonny Teo KS
    Cureus, 2018 Jan 24;10(1):e2109.
    PMID: 29581921 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2109
    Yoga has recently been touted as a means to improve physical and mental well-being. However, no form of exercise is without its risks. A 32-year-old Chinese female with moderate myopia complained of right eye sudden onset of floaters and mild blurring of vision after the head-down posture. The visual acuity was 6/12 in the right eye and 6/9 in the left eye. A right eye fundus examination showed posterior vitreous detachment, with a small blood clot located at the inferior margin of the optic disc. The patient was diagnosed with right eye vitreous hemorrhage secondary to acute posterior vitreous detachment and was managed conservatively. Acute changes in posture, especially between an upright and a head-down position, may cause acute posterior vitreous detachment. As yoga practitioners may be required to assume this head-down position, myopic patients should be warned of the possible ocular complications of this exercise.
    Matched MeSH terms: Posture
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