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  1. Ehab Helmy Abdel Malek Fahmy, Constance Liew Sat Lin, Alvin Oliver Payus, Rhanye Mac Guad, May Zaw Soe, Satishratnam Nagaratnam, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Dysmenorrhea is one of the leading causes of pelvic pain and menstrual disorder among women during childbearing age. The burden of dysmenorrhea is greater than any other gynaecological complaint. Some women have severe dysmenorrhea which renders them incapacitated for days each menstrual cycle requiring absence from study or duty, frequently requiring pain killer, restriction of daily performance, poor sleep, negative moods such as anxiety and depression. A 31-year-old female presented with severe dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) as a cause of multiple uterine fibroids, underwent surgeries to remove 100 fibroids from her uterus which has improved her quality of life, eliminating her dysmenorrhea and menstrual abnormalities
    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  2. Zainordin NH, Abd Talib R, Shahril MR, Sulaiman S, A Karim N
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 Dec 01;21(12):3689-3696.
    PMID: 33369469 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.12.3689
    OBJECTIVE: Fear of cancer recurrent, side effects of treatment and belief in food taboos encourage cancer survivors to make changes in their dietary practices after diagnosis of cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of dietary changes on quality of life (QoL) among Malay breast and gynaecological cancer survivors.

    METHODS: Questionnaire of dietary changes was modified from WHEL study and adapted to typical Malay's food intake in Malaysia. A total of 23 items were listed and categorized by types of food and cooking methods.  Four categories of changes "increased", "decreased", "no changes" or "stopped" were used to determine the changes in dietary practices. Score one (+1) is given to positive changes by reference to WCRF/AICR and Malaysia Dietary Guideline healthy eating recommendations. Malay EORTC QLQ-C30 were used to determine the QoL. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and anthropometric measurement were also collected.

    RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects (n=77) was 50.7±7.8 years old with duration of survivorship 4.0±3.1 years. Subjects mean BMI was 27.8±4.9 kg/m2 which indicate subjects were 31.2% overweight and 32.5% obese. The percentage score of positive dietary changes was 34.7±16.4%. Positive dietary changes were increased intake of green leafy vegetable (49.4%), cruciferous vegetable (46.8%) and boiling cooking methods (45.5%). Subjects reduced their intake of red meat (42.9%), sugar (53.2%) and fried cooking method (44.2%). Subjects stopped consuming milk (41.6%), c 2008-5862 heese (33.8%) and sweetened condensed milk (33.8%). With increasing positive dietary changes, there was a significant improvement on emotional function (rs=0.27; p=0.016) and reduced fatigue symptoms (rs=-0.24; p=0.033).

    CONCLUSION: Positive changes in dietary intake improved emotional function and reduced fatigue symptoms after cancer treatment. By knowing the trend of food changes after cancer treatment, enables the formation of healthy food intervention implemented more effective.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
  3. Cheung JPY, Cheung PWH, Shigematsu H, Takahashi S, Kwan MK, Chan CYW, et al.
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2020 6 13;28(2):2309499020930291.
    PMID: 32529908 DOI: 10.1177/2309499020930291
    PURPOSE: To determine consensus among Asia-Pacific surgeons regarding nonoperative management for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

    METHODS: An online REDCap questionnaire was circulated to surgeons in the Asia-Pacific region during the period of July 2019 to September 2019 to inquire about various components of nonoperative treatment for AIS. Aspects under study included access to screening, when MRIs were obtained, quality-of-life assessments used, role of scoliosis-specific exercises, bracing criteria, type of brace used, maturity parameters used, brace wear regimen, follow-up criteria, and how braces were weaned. Comparisons were made between middle-high income and low-income countries, and experience with nonoperative treatment.

    RESULTS: A total of 103 responses were collected. About half (52.4%) of the responders had scoliosis screening programs and were particularly situated in middle-high income countries. Up to 34% obtained MRIs for all cases, while most would obtain MRIs for neurological problems. The brace criteria were highly variable and was usually based on menarche status (74.7%), age (59%), and Risser staging (92.8%). Up to 52.4% of surgeons elected to brace patients with large curves before offering surgery. Only 28% of responders utilized CAD-CAM techniques for brace fabrication and most (76.8%) still utilized negative molds. There were no standardized criteria for brace weaning.

    CONCLUSION: There are highly variable practices related to nonoperative treatment for AIS and may be related to availability of resources in certain countries. Relative consensus was achieved for when MRI should be obtained and an acceptable brace compliance should be more than 16 hours a day.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  4. Tromp J, Tay WT, Ouwerkerk W, Teng TK, Yap J, MacDonald MR, et al.
    PLoS Med, 2018 03;15(3):e1002541.
    PMID: 29584721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002541
    BACKGROUND: Comorbidities are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and complicate treatment and outcomes. We identified patterns of multimorbidity in Asian patients with HF and their association with patients' quality of life (QoL) and health outcomes.

    METHODS AND FINDINGS: We used data on 6,480 patients with chronic HF (1,204 with preserved ejection fraction) enrolled between 1 October 2012 and 6 October 2016 in the Asian Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure (ASIAN-HF) registry. The ASIAN-HF registry is a prospective cohort study, with patients prospectively enrolled from in- and outpatient clinics from 11 Asian regions (Hong Kong, Taiwan, China, Japan, Korea, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, and Philippines). Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of multimorbidity. The primary outcome was defined as a composite of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization within 1 year. To assess differences in QoL, we used the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. We identified 5 distinct multimorbidity groups: elderly/atrial fibrillation (AF) (N = 1,048; oldest, more AF), metabolic (N = 1,129; obesity, diabetes, hypertension), young (N = 1,759; youngest, low comorbidity rates, non-ischemic etiology), ischemic (N = 1,261; ischemic etiology), and lean diabetic (N = 1,283; diabetic, hypertensive, low prevalence of obesity, high prevalence of chronic kidney disease). Patients in the lean diabetic group had the worst QoL, more severe signs and symptoms of HF, and the highest rate of the primary combined outcome within 1 year (29% versus 11% in the young group) (p for all <0.001). Adjusting for confounders (demographics, New York Heart Association class, and medication) the lean diabetic (hazard ratio [HR] 1.79, 95% CI 1.46-2.22), elderly/AF (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.26-1.96), ischemic (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.22-1.88), and metabolic (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02-1.60) groups had higher rates of the primary combined outcome compared to the young group. Potential limitations include site selection and participation bias.

    CONCLUSIONS: Among Asian patients with HF, comorbidities naturally clustered in 5 distinct patterns, each differentially impacting patients' QoL and health outcomes. These data underscore the importance of studying multimorbidity in HF and the need for more comprehensive approaches in phenotyping patients with HF and multimorbidity.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01633398.
    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  5. Bernhardt J, Churilov L, Dewey H, Donnan G, Ellery F, English C, et al.
    Int J Stroke, 2023 Jul;18(6):745-750.
    PMID: 36398582 DOI: 10.1177/17474930221142207
    RATIONALE: The evidence base for acute post-stroke rehabilitation is inadequate and global guideline recommendations vary.

    AIM: To define optimal early mobility intervention regimens for ischemic stroke patients of mild and moderate severity.

    HYPOTHESES: Compared with a prespecified reference arm, the optimal dose regimen(s) will result in more participants experiencing little or no disability (mRS 0-2) at 3 months post-stroke (primary), fewer deaths at 3 months, fewer and less severe complications during the intervention period, faster recovery of unassisted walking, and better quality of life at 3 months (secondary). We also hypothesize that these regimens will be more cost-effective.

    SAMPLE SIZE ESTIMATES: For the primary outcome, recruitment of 1300 mild and 1400 moderate participants will yield 80% power to detect a 10% risk difference.

    METHODS AND DESIGN: Multi-arm multi-stage covariate-adjusted response-adaptive randomized trial of mobility training commenced within 48 h of stroke in mild (NIHSS  2) and hemorrhagic stroke. With four arms per stratum (reference arm retained throughout), only the single treatment arm demonstrating the highest proportion of favorable outcomes at the first stage will proceed to the second stage in each stratum, resulting in a final comparison with the reference arm. Three prognostic covariates of age, geographic region and reperfusion interventions, as well as previously observed mRS 0-2 responses inform the adaptive randomization procedure. Participants randomized receive prespecified mobility training regimens (functional task-specific), provided by physiotherapists/nurses until discharge or 14 days. Interventions replace usual mobility training. Fifty hospitals in seven countries (Australia, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Ireland, India, Brazil, Singapore) are expected to participate.

    SUMMARY: Our novel adaptive trial design will evaluate a wider variety of mobility regimes than a traditional two-arm design. The data-driven adaptions during the trial will enable a more efficient evaluation to determine the optimal early mobility intervention for patients with mild and moderate ischemic stroke.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  6. Walters R, Collier JM, Braighi Carvalho L, Langhorne P, Katijjahbe MA, Tan D, et al.
    BMJ Open, 2020 06 11;10(6):e035850.
    PMID: 32532772 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035850
    OBJECTIVES: Information about younger people of working age (≤65 years), their post stroke outcomes and rehabilitation pathways can highlight areas for further research and service change. This paper describes: (1) baseline demographics; (2) post acute rehabilitation pathways; and (3) 12-month outcomes; disability, mobility, depression, quality of life, informal care and return to work of working age people across three geographic regions (Australasia (AUS), South East (SE) Asia and UK).

    DESIGN: This post hoc descriptive exploration of data from the large international very early rehabilitation trial (A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT)) examined the four common post acute rehabilitation pathways (inpatient rehabilitation, home with community rehabilitation, inpatient rehabilitation then community rehabilitation and home with no rehabilitation) experienced by participants in the 3 months post stroke and describes their 12-month outcomes.

    SETTING: Hospital stroke units in AUS, UK and SE Asia.

    PARTICIPANTS: Patients who had an acute stroke recruited within 24 hours who were ≤65 years.

    RESULTS: 668 participants were ≤65 years; 99% lived independently, and 88% no disability (modified Rankin Score (mRS)=0) prior to stroke. We had complete data for 12-month outcomes for n=631 (94%). The proportion receiving inpatient rehabilitation was higher in AUS than other regions (AUS 52%; UK 25%; SE Asia 23%), whereas the UK had higher community rehabilitation (UK 65%; AUS 61%; SE Asia 39%). At 12 months, 70% had no or little disability (mRS 0-2), 44% were depressed, 28% rated quality of life as poor or worse than death. For those working prior to stroke (n=228), only 57% had returned to work. A noteworthy number of working age survivors received no rehabilitation services within 3 months post stroke.

    CONCLUSIONS: There was considerable variation in rehabilitation pathways and post acute service use across the three regions. At 12 months, there were high rates of depression, poor quality of life and low rates of return to work.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12606000185561).

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  7. Md-Muziman-Syah MM, Muzir NS, Abdul Mutalib H, Ab Halim N
    BMC Ophthalmol, 2021 Oct 25;21(1):378.
    PMID: 34696755 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02145-5
    BACKGROUND: The Quality of Life Impact Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire is a Rasch-validated instrument to assess the quality of life of ametropes with refractive correction. The original QIRC was validated in the United Kingdom. This study aimed to validate the Malay version of the QIRC among refractive correction wearers in Malaysia using Rasch analysis.

    METHODS: The original 20-item QIRC was forward-backward translated into Malay in preparation for the Pilot Malay QIRC. The pilot version was pre-tested on 105 spectacle/contact lens-corrected myopes, and the results were reviewed and cross-culturally adapted to produce the Final Malay QIRC. The final version was self-administered to a new sample of 304 participants. A Rasch analysis was conducted to evaluate the items and response categories of the Pilot and the Final Malay QIRC. Test-retest reliability was also analysed on the Final Malay QIRC.

    RESULTS: Based on the pre-test findings, Rasch analysis revealed a multidimensional scale (functional scale [Items 1 to 13] and emotional scale [Items 14 to 20], which were separated in subsequent analysis), unordered response categories for the functional scale (Category 3 was collapsed into Category 2), one misfit item (Item 3 was removed) and six items required modification (Items 4, 6 to 9, and 12 were reworded and cross-culturally adapted). In the Final Malay QIRC, both the functional and emotional scales had ordered response categories, good person reliability (functional, 0.80; emotional, 0.81) and separation index (functional, 2.01; emotional, 2.06), well-targeted items (targeting precision: functional, 0.28 logits; emotional, 0.08 logits), and satisfactory fit statistics (infit and outfit mean square were less than 1.50 for all items). A noticeable differential item functioning (DIF) between genders was found in Item 18 (DIF contrast, 0.40 logits; p = 0.04). Test-retest reliability analysis demonstrated a high intraclass correlation coefficient (0.94) and Cronbach's alpha (0.97) with a coefficient of repeatability of ±8.14 units.

    CONCLUSIONS: The Malay-translated version of the QIRC has good psychometric characteristics for assessing the quality of life of refractive correction wearers in Malaysia. This translated and cross-culturally adapted Malay QIRC is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in routine clinical practice.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
  8. Zayzan KR, Yusof NM, Sulong AF, Zakaria Z, Ab Rahman J
    Singapore Med J, 2020 Dec 02.
    PMID: 33264560 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2020164
    INTRODUCTION: The clinical outcomes and factors associated with treatment failure of post-traumatic osteomyelitis have been investigated by many studies. However, limb functionality and quality of life following treatment for this condition have not been thoroughly studied.

    METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included 47 patients with post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower limb. Functional outcome was assessed using the Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS), and quality of life was assessed using the validated Malay version of Short Form-36 version 2.

    RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 4.6 (range 2.3-9.5) years. Median age was 44 years. Osteomyelitis was located in the tibia for 26 patients and in the femur for 21 patients. Osteomyelitis was consequent to internal infection in 38 patients and due to infected open fractures in nine patients. 42 (89.4%) patients had fracture union and control of infection. Bone defect was found to be a significant contributing factor for treatment failure (p = 0.008). The median LEFS for the success group was 65 when compared to 49 for the failure group. Although the success group showed better scores with regard to quality of life, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.

    CONCLUSION: The success rate for post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower limb was high. The presence of a bone defect was associated with treatment failure. Successfully treated patients had significantly better functional outcomes than failed ones.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  9. Udani JK, George AA, Musthapa M, Pakdaman MN, Abas A
    PMID: 24550993 DOI: 10.1155/2014/179529
    Background. Physta is a proprietary product containing a freeze-dried water extract of Eurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali), which is traditionally used as an energy enhancer and aphrodisiac. We aim to evaluate a 300 mg combination of Physta and Polygonum minus, an antioxidant, with regard to sexual performance and well-being in men. Methods. Men that aged 40-65 years were screened for this 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Outcome measures included validated questionnaires that aimed to evaluate erectile function, satisfaction with intervention, sexual intercourse performance, erectile hardness, mood, and overall quality of life. Results. 12 subjects in the active group and 14 in the placebo group completed the study. Significant improvements were noted in scores for the Sexual Intercourse Attempt diary, Erection Hardness Scale, Sexual Health Inventory of Men, and Aging Male Symptom scale (P < 0.05 for all). Three adverse events were reported in the active group and four in the placebo group, none of which were attributed to study product. Laboratory evaluations, including liver and kidney function testing, showed no clinically significant abnormality. Conclusion. Supplementation for twelve weeks with Polygonum minus and the proprietary Eurycoma longifolia extract, Physta, was well tolerated and more effective than placebo in enhancing sexual performance in healthy volunteers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  10. Khalaj N, Abu Osman NA, Mokhtar AH, George J, Abas WA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:815184.
    PMID: 25136689 DOI: 10.1155/2014/815184
    Knee osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability which influences the quality of life. It is associated with impaired knee joint proprioception, which affects postural stability. Postural stability is critical for mobility and physical activities. Different types of treatment including nonsurgical and surgical are used for knee osteoarthritis. Hyaluronic acid injection is a nonsurgical popular treatment used worldwide. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of hyaluronic acid injections on postural stability in individuals with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. Fifty patients aged between 50 and 70 years with mild and moderate bilateral knee osteoarthritis participated in our study. They were categorized into treatment (n = 25) and control (n = 25) groups. The treatment group received five weekly hyaluronic acid injections for both knees, whereas the control group did not receive any treatment. Postural stability and fall risk were assessed using the Biodex Stability System and clinical "Timed Up and Go" test. All the participants completed the study. The treatment group showed significant decrease in postural stability and fall risk scores after five hyaluronic acid injections. In contrast, the control group showed significant increase. This study illustrated that five intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections could significantly improve postural stability and fall risk in bilateral knee osteoarthritis patients. This trial is registered with: NCT02063373.
    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  11. Rehman AU, Hassali MAA, Muhammad SA, Harun SN, Shah S, Abbas S
    Eur J Health Econ, 2020 Mar;21(2):181-194.
    PMID: 31564007 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-019-01119-1
    OBJECTIVES: To find the economic burden of COPD and to identify the key cost drivers in the management of COPD patients across different European countries.

    BACKGROUND: COPD is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and is associated with considerable economic burden on the individual and society. It limits the daily activities and working ability of the patients.

    METHODOLOGY: We conducted a systematic search of PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, Cochrane CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and SAGE Premier Databases to find scientific research articles evaluating the cost of COPD management from patient and societal perspective.

    RESULTS: Estimated per patient per year direct cost in Norway, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Greece, Belgium, and Serbia was €10,701, €9580, €7847, €7448, €7045, €2896, €1963, and €2047, respectively. Annual per patient cost of work productivity loss was highest in Germany as €5735 and lowest in Greece as €998. It was estimated as €4824, €2033 and €1298 in Bulgaria, Denmark and Sweden, respectively. Several factors found associated with increasing cost of COPD management that include but not limited to late diagnosis, severity of disease, frequency of exacerbation, hospital readmissions, non-adherence to the therapy and exposure to COPD risk factors.

    CONCLUSION: Minimizing the COPD exacerbations and controlling the worsening of symptoms may potentially reduce the cost of COPD management at any stage.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
  12. Mullins ES, Stasyshyn O, Alvarez-Román MT, Osman D, Liesner R, Engl W, et al.
    Haemophilia, 2017 Mar;23(2):238-246.
    PMID: 27891721 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13119
    INTRODUCTION: Primary factor VIII (FVIII) prophylaxis is the optimal treatment in children with severe haemophilia A. They are expected to benefit from extended half-life (T1/2 ) FVIII coverage by reduced infusion frequency while maintaining haemostatic efficacy.

    AIMS: To determine immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy, safety and quality of life of prophylaxis with a polyethylene glycol (peg)-ylated FVIII (BAX 855) based on full-length recombinant FVIII (ADVATE) in paediatric previously treated patients (PTPs) with severe haemophilia A.

    METHODS: PTPs <12 years without history of FVIII inhibitors received twice-weekly infusions of 50 ± 10 IU kg(-1) BAX 855 for ≥50 exposure days. Prophylactic dose increases to ≤80 IU kg(-1) were allowed under predefined conditions. PK was evaluated after single infusions of 60 ± 5 IU kg(-1) .

    RESULTS: T1/2 and mean residence time were extended 1.3- to 1.5-fold compared to ADVATE (n = 31), depending on the analysis used. The point estimate for the mean annualized bleeding rate in 66 subjects receiving a median of 1.9 weekly infusions of 51.3 IU kg(-1) of BAX 855 each was 3.04 (median 2.0); 1.10 (median 0) for joint and 1.16 (median 0) for spontaneous bleeds. Overall, 38% of subjects had zero bleeds. No bleeds were severe. Haemostatic efficacy was rated excellent or good for 90% of bleeds; 91% were treated with one or two infusions. In 8/14 subjects all target joints resolved. No subject developed FVIII inhibitors or persistent binding antibodies that affected safety or efficacy. No adverse reactions occurred.

    CONCLUSION: Twice-weekly prophylaxis with BAX 855 was safe and efficacious in paediatric PTPs with severe haemophilia A.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  13. Mohamad Ishak NN, Jamani NA, Mohd Arifin SR, Abdul Hadi A, Abd Aziz KH
    Malays Fam Physician, 2021 Mar 25;16(1):84-92.
    PMID: 33948146 DOI: 10.51866/oa1098
    Background: Menopause signifies the beginning of a non-reproductive phase from the reproductive period. Although it is considered a natural life transition, recent studies have indicated that a woman's menopausal experience may impact her quality of life. While studies have examined Malaysian women's knowledge and awareness of menopause, they have focused on the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and sociocultural aspects. These investigations also used a quantitative design that may have limited the information regarding the nature and experience of menopause. Objectives: This study explores women's perceptions and understanding of their menopausal experience.

    Methods: A total of 20 menopausal women were recruited using purposive sampling through social media in the state of Pahang, Malaysia. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to explore how they perceived their menopausal experience. The data were then analyzed using thematic analysis.

    Results: Three themes that emerged from the findings included perceptions of menopause, biopsychosocial changes and help-seeking behavior. For many Muslim women, menopause was perceived as a time for them to engage in religious commitment more than they had before.

    Conclusion: The study findings uncovered a knowledge gap and a lack of support for women impacted by menopause. Muslim women regarded their menopause phase as a time for them to engage in religious duty fully. These results indicate the need for a psychosocial intervention and educational program to ensure women a better transition throughout their menopausal phase.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  14. Megat Kamaruddin PSN, Mohammed Nawi A, Abdul Manaf MR, Yaman MN, Abd Malek AM
    Glob Heart, 2023;18(1):12.
    PMID: 36936248 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1173
    BACKGROUND: Electronic Health (eHealth) interventions as a secondary prevention tool to empower patients' health in decision-making and behaviour.

    OBJECTIVE: With the growing body of evidence supporting the use of eHealth interventions, the intention is to conduct a meta-analysis on various health outcomes of eHealth interventions among ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients.

    METHODS: Based on PRISMA guidelines, eligible studies were searched through databases of Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCOHost, and SAGE (PROSPERO registration CRD42021290091). Inclusion criteria were English language and randomised controlled trials published between 2011 to 2021 exploring health outcomes that empower IHD patients with eHealth interventions. RevMan 5.4 was utilised for meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, and risk of bias (RoB) assessment while GRADE software for generating findings of physical health outcomes. Non-physical health outcomes were analysed using SWiM (synthesis without meta-analysis) method.

    RESULTS: This review included 10 studies, whereby, six studies with 895 participants' data were pooled for physical health outcomes. Overall, the RoB varied significantly across domains, with the majority was low risks, a substantial proportion of high risks and a sizeable proportion of unclear. With GRADE evidence of moderate to high quality, eHealth interventions improved low density lipoprotien (LDL) levels in IHD patients when compared to usual care after 12 months of interventions (SMD -0.26, 95% CI [-0.45, -0.06], I2 = 0%, p = 0.01). Significance appraisal in each domain of the non-physical health outcomes found significant findings for medication adherence, physical activity and dietary behaviour, while half of the non-significant findings were found for other behavioural outcomes, psychological and quality of life.

    CONCLUSIONS: Electronic Health interventions are found effective at lowering LDL cholesterol in long-term but benefits remain inconclusive for other physical and non-physical health outcomes for IHD patients. Integrating sustainable patient empowerment strategies with the advancement of eHealth interventions by utilising appropriate frameworks is recommended for future research.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  15. Mohamed Rouse MH, Aziz A, Abdullah B, Abdul Kadir A, Wan Mohammad WMZ, Abd Mutalib NS
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Dec;78(7):857-864.
    PMID: 38159918
    INTRODUCTION: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa. It is among the most common diseases globally and usually persists throughout life. Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) is a wellestablished guideline applicable to AR and was updated regularly since 2001, aiming to improve the care for AR patients. We proposed a new questionnaire that addresses the severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms, specifically nasal symptoms, and its impact on quality of life in terms of specific vital activities such as sleeping, working, school performance, leisure, or sport, based on the ARIA guideline. The objective was to develop, validate and evaluate Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms and Impact Assessment (ARSIA) questionnaire among allergic rhinitis patients in Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim, Sungai Petani (HSAH), and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational study to develop, validate and evaluate the ARSIA questionnaire based on ARIA guidelines. The sample will be obtained from the list of patients under follow-up in the ORL clinic HSAH and HUSM with ages of 18 to 60 years, patients clinically diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, and with positive skin prick test.

    RESULTS: A total of 150 patients with a positive skin prick test participated in this study. In the 'nasal symptom' and 'impact on daily activities' domains, calculated Cronbach's alpha shows a value of 0.878 and 0.811 respectively. The inter-item correlation was calculated to analyse internal consistency reliability. Items B3 and B4 were dropped from the questionnaire as both showed a low correlation with other items. New Cronbach's alpha for the daily activities domain was 0.830, which showed better internal consistency reliability. All of the items were analysed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Clinician diagnosis from the proforma was used as a comparison to the participant's responses. In the analysis, a cut-off points of 12 was used to classify the patient's nasal symptoms into intermittent or persistent, with a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 86%, PPV of 95%, and NPV of 51%. Whereas, a cut-off point of 15 was used to classify the rhinitis impact on daily activities into mild or moderate/severe, with a sensitivity of 58%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, and NPV of 42%. The only item in the 'control' domain has been dropped out following a consensus of experts and judgement as it has not been used in the clinician diagnosis and thus, is unable to test for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV.

    CONCLUSION: This newly developed, validated, and evaluated questionnaire is a good tool for the evaluation of allergic rhinitis symptoms and their impact on daily activities. It is important to understand that AR symptoms could have a significant impact on daily activities. Although further study and testing are needed, it provides an initial means for evaluating the patient condition and control level, as well as patients' perception of their rhinitis control.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  16. Aziz A, Md Daud MK, Nik Othman NA, Abd Rahman N
    Otol Neurotol, 2020 09;41(8):e989-e992.
    PMID: 32472918 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002725
    BACKGROUND: Presbycusis is an age-related sensorineural hearing loss and it may reduce quality of life. We conducted a study to establish the prevalence of high-frequency presbycusis in normal hearing individuals and to validate the role of extended high-frequency distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) in the screening.

    METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 normal hearing adult participants with an age range between 25 and 54 years old. Hearing analysis with extended high-frequency pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and high-frequency DPOAE was carried out for all eligible participants. High-frequency presbycusis was considered to be present when the impairment of more than 25 dB occurs at higher than 8 kHz frequencies on both ears.

    RESULTS: Prevalence of high-frequency presbycusis using extended PTA was 31.7 (95% CI: 25.3, 38.1) and using high-frequency DPOAE was 57.4 (95% CI: 50.7, 64.4). The sensitivity and specificity of high-frequency DPOAE in detecting high-frequency presbycusis were 72.3 and 49.3% respectively with positive predictive value of 39.8% and negative predictive value of 79.3%. The association between age and high-frequency presbycusis was significant based on high-frequency DPOAE (p = 0.029).

    CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of high-frequency hearing loss is higher with increasing in age. High-frequency DPOAE may be used as a screening tool followed by confirmation using extended PTA. The early detection of presbycusis is important so that measures can be taken to prevent more severe problems developing.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  17. Zainordin NH, A Karim N, Shahril MR, Abd Talib R
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2021 Aug 01;22(8):2399-2408.
    PMID: 34452552 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.8.2399
    BACKGROUND: Increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time was recommended to cancer survivors after cancer treatment for sustained health and to enhance the quality of life. This study aimed to determine the association of physical activity and sitting time with quality of life among the Malay breast and gynaecological cancer survivors.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 breast and gynaecology cancer survivor subjects. The Malay International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity and sitting time. Quality of life was assessed using the Malay EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and anthropometric measurements were also obtained in this study.

    RESULTS: The mean age of the subject was 51.8 ± 7.7 years old and the duration of survivorship was 4.3 ± 3.4 years. A total of 76.8% of subjects were categorized as having low physical activity level with a mean MET 403.5 ± 332.7 minutes/week and sitting time of 416.9 ± 151.0 minutes/day. Overall, subjects aged 50 years and above (p=0.006), widowed (p=0.032), retired (p=0.029) and had other non-communicable diseases (p=0.005) showed lower levels of physical activity. Increased physical activity had a positive effect on physical function (r=0.2, p=0.038), reduced insomnia (r=-0.3, p <0.001) and constipation symptoms (r=-0.3, p=0.012) domains of quality of life. The longer the sitting period showed more severe insomnia symptoms (r=0.2, p=0.03) but improved social function (r=0.2, p=0.012).

    CONCLUSIONS: Increasing physical activity and reducing sitting time have a positive effect on the quality of life of cancer survivors. The focus of health education should be prioritized to older adults (50 years and above), widows, retirees, and those with other comorbidities as they are at risk of being not physically active.
    .

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
  18. Munsour EE, Awaisu A, Ahmad Hassali MA, Dabbous Z, Zahran N, Abdoun E
    Res Social Adm Pharm, 2020 Jun;16(6):793-799.
    PMID: 31542446 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.08.038
    BACKGROUND: The importance of providing accurate medication information that can be easily comprehended by patients to subsequently best use their medication(s) has been widely reported in the literature. Patient information leaflet (PIL) is a supporting tool aiding patients to make decisions about their treatment plan and improve patient-clinician communication and thus medication adherence. PIL is the written document produced by the pharmaceutical manufacturers and packed with the medicine. The available PILs do not consider cultural and behavioral perspectives of diverse populations residing in a country like Qatar. Consumer medication information (CMI) is written information about prescription drugs developed by organizations or individuals other than a drug's manufacturer that is intended for distribution to consumers at the time of drug dispensing.

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of customized CMI (C-CMI) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Qatar.

    METHODS: This was a randomized controlled intervention study, in which the intervention group patients received C-CMI and the control group patients received usual care. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and EQ visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) at three intervals [i.e. baseline, after 3 months and 6 months].

    RESULTS: The EQ-5D-5L index value for the intervention group exhibited sustained improvement from baseline to the third visit. There was a statistically significant difference between groups in the HRQoL utility value (represented as EQ index) at 6 months (0.939 vs. 0.796; p = 0.019). Similarly, the intervention group compared with the control group had significantly greater EQ-VAS at 6 months (90% vs. 80%; p = 0.003).

    CONCLUSIONS: The impact of C-CMI on health outcomes of T2DM patients in Qatar reported improvement in HRQoL indicators among the intervention patients. The study built a platform for health policymakers and regulatory agencies to consider the provision of C-CMI in multiple languages.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  19. Omar NH, Mohd Nordin NA, Chai SC, Abdul Aziz AF
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 03;75(2):146-151.
    PMID: 32281596
    INTRODUCTION: There is scarcity of research information on upper limb (UL) functionality among Malaysian post-stroke population despite the increasing number of stroke survivors. This study intends to evaluate functionality among stroke survivors residing in the community, with a specific focus on the UL.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 65 stroke survivors with UL dysfunction (mean (SD) age = 64.83 (8.05) years, mean (SD) post-stroke duration 41.62 (35.24) months) who attended community-based rehabilitation program. Upper limb functionality was assessed using the UL items of Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SSQOL), the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale and the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT). The stroke survivors' performance in completing JTHFT using their affected dominant hand was compared with standard norms.

    RESULTS: The three most affected UL daily living tasks were writing (64.7%, n=42), opening a jar (63.1%, n=41) and putting on socks (58.5%, n=38). As for IADL, the mean (SD) score of Lawton scale was 3.26 (2.41), with more than 50% unable to handle finance, do the laundry and prepare meals for themselves. Performances of stroke survivors were much slower than normal population in all tasks of JTHFT (p<0.05), with largest speed difference demonstrated for 'stacking objects' task (mean difference 43.24 secs (p=0.003) and 24.57 (p<0.001) in males and females, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: UL functions are significantly impaired among stroke survivors despite undergoing rehabilitation. Rehabilitation professionals should prioritize highly problematic tasks when retraining UL for greater post-stroke functionality.

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
  20. Johar MN, Mohd Nordin NA, Abdul Aziz AF
    Medicine (Baltimore), 2022 Jan 14;101(2):e28580.
    PMID: 35029235 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028580
    INTRODUCTION: Stroke survivors are commonly at risk of functional decline, which increase their dependency in activities of daily living and eventually affects their motivation level, self-efficacy, and quality of life. Circuit exercise has been shown to be useful in enhancing functional performance and quality of life of chronic stroke survivors. There is a need to review the existing "usual circuit exercise" and develop a better approach, such as game-based circuit exercise. Training in enriched and fun environment may possibly further promote neuroplasticity. However, evidence on inducing fun element in the existing circuit exercise among stroke survivors is limited. Also, no studies are available to date which report the benefit of circuit exercise on stroke survivors' self-efficacy and motivation level. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of game-based circuit exercise in comparison to conventional circuit exercise on functional outcome (lower limb strength, postural stability and aerobic endurance), motivation level, self-efficacy and quality of life among stroke survivors. This study also aims to assess whether the outcomes gained from the 2 interventions could be sustained at week 12 and 24 post-trial.

    METHODS: This is an assessor-blinded randomized control trial comparing 2 types of intervention which are game-based circuit exercise (experimental group) and conventional circuit exercise (control group). Based on sample size calculation using GPower, a total number of 82 participants will be recruited and allocated into either the experimental or the control group. Participants in the experimental group will receive a set of structured game-based exercise therapy which has the components of resistance, dynamic balance and aerobic exercises. While participants in the control group will receive a conventional circuit exercise as usually conducted by physiotherapists consisting of 6 exercise stations; cycling, repeated sit to stand, upper limb exercise, lower limb exercise, stepping up/down and walking over obstacles. Both groups will perform the given interventions for 2 times per week for 12 weeks under the supervision of 2 physiotherapists. Outcomes of the interventions will be measured using 30-second chair rise test (for lower limb strength), Dynamic Gait Index (for postural stability), 6-minute walk test (aerobic capacity), Intrinsic Motivation Inventory questionnaire (for motivation level), stroke self-efficacy questionnaire (for self-efficacy) and Short Form-36 quality of life questionnaire (for quality of life). All data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

    DISCUSSION: This study will provide the information regarding the effectiveness of including game elements into circuit exercise training. Findings from this study will enable physiotherapists to design more innovative exercise therapy sessions to promote neuroplasticity and enhance functionality and quality of life among stroke survivors under their care.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN 12621001489886 (last updated 1/11/2021).

    Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
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