Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 62 in total

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  1. A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate Nuclear Changes in Buccal Mucosa Following Panoramic Radiography
    Santhosh K, Manzoor S, Sushanth A, Seralathan S, Rajasekar V, Jacob A
    J Contemp Dent Pract, 2020 Nov 01;21(11):1258-1261.
    PMID: 33850072
    AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of X-rays on buccal mucosa while exposing to dental panoramic radiography using micronucleus test.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised of 30 healthy subjects, 15 males and 15 females, aged between 24 years and 65 years. Samples were obtained from the exfoliated oral mucosa cells of buccal mucosa before and 12 days after exposing the patients to panoramic radiography.

    RESULTS: The study reported that there was no significant increase in the number of micronuclei cells present before and after panoramic radiography. Positive correlation existed between age with pre- and postexposure micronuclei.

    CONCLUSION: Diagnostic dental panoramic radiograph does not induce micronuclei in the target buccal epithelium cells. A positive correlation between age and micronuclei frequency was established.

    CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Panoramic radiographs does not induce cytotoxicity but increase frequency may be vulnerable to genotoxic effects in buccal mucosal cells. Hence, dental radiographs should be prescribed only when necessary.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  2. Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis among Malay children
    Mani SA, Mohsin WS, John J
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2014 Mar;45(2):490-8.
    PMID: 24968691
    Tooth agenesis in Malay children, hitherto unreported, was assessed retrospectively from orthopantomograms of 834 healthy children aged 12-16 years who attended the Dental Clinic of Universiti Sains Malaysia. All teeth, including third molars, were assessed for agenesis. On an average, 2.3 teeth were missing per child. Missing third molars were found in 25.7% of children with one or two third molars found to be missing in 18.3% of children. Three point two percent of children had missing teeth other than third molars. After third molars, the upper lateral incisors were found to be the most common missing tooth (1.7%), followed by upper and lower second premolars (1.5%). Eight missing upper canines were also seen (1%). Bilateral agenesis was more common than unilateral agenesis. There were no significant differences between males and females. There was a significant difference between missing teeth between the maxilla and the mandible and right and left side, with more missing teeth in the maxilla and on the right side. The odds of any 3rd molar missing were increased 3.3 times when there was any other missing tooth. In conclusion, the prevalence of tooth agenesis among the studied population was within the normal range, but less than some Asian countries. Unlike other Asian countries, the upper lateral incisor was the most common missing tooth. The prevalence of maxillary canine agenesis was higher than most previous reports. Missing teeth were associated with missing third molars, which is likely due to a genetic abnormality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  3. Fulltext Morphometric analysis of panoramic mandibular index, mental index, and antegonial index
    Sghaireen MG, Alam MK, Patil SR, Rahman SA, Alhabib S, Lynch CD, et al.
    J Int Med Res, 2020 Mar;48(3):300060520912138.
    PMID: 32228352 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520912138
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  4. The variability of lower third molar development in Northeast Malaysian population with application to age estimation
    Johan NA, Khamis MF, Abdul Jamal NS, Ahmad B, Mahanani ES
    J Forensic Odontostomatol, 2012 Jul;30(1):45-54.
    PMID: 23000811
    This study aimed to assess the variability of the lower third molar (tooth 38 and 48) development in Northeast Malaysian population with respect to the side of dentition, to generate age prediction models and to compare the outcome with other studies. A total of 1080 orthopantomograms of Northeast Malaysian population aged between 14 and 25 years (540 males and 540 females) from the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia's archive which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and the maturity stages of tooth 38 and 48 were scored using Demirjian's stages (A-H). The findings showed a wide variation of the development of lower third molars in the Northeast Malaysian population. The roots developed earlier in males than in females. The development of the dentition on opposite sides of the mandible was synchronously in females and males. A multiple regression analysis shows that 71.1% of variance in age was explained by sex and developmental stage of tooth 48. An age prediction model was generated from the regression analysis: [Age = 7.117 + 1.907*(stage of tooth 48) - 0.432*(sex)] with mean prediction errors between -0.17 to 3.14 years. The obtained data in the current study are useful for references and determining age of unidentified human remains for identification investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  5. Testing the accuracy of Bedek et al's new models based on 1-to-7 mandibular teeth for age estimation in 7-15 year old south Indian children
    Sheriff SO, Medapati RH, Ankisetti SA, Gurrala VR, Haritha K, Pulijala S, et al.
    J Forensic Odontostomatol, 2020 Sep 30;2(38):22-39.
    PMID: 33174535
    The goal of long term research on age assessment is to focus on the strengths and weaknesses of existing reliable methods of age estimation. In cases of age estimation when all teeth are present, maximum accuracy can be obtained using a 7 tooth model. Demirjian's system and Willems models require all seven mandibular teeth in the lower left quadrant for age assessment. Unfortunately, these methods cannot be applied in children with hypodontia. In 2019, Bedek et al., from Croatia, developed new models of age estimation based on a combination of one to seven mandibular teeth. In the present study, we tested the accuracy of the newly developed models for age estimation in South Indian children. Tested in parallel with Willems models, the accuracy of the new models was tested in terms of mean difference, mean absolute error (MAE) and percentage of correct estimations within intervals of +0.5 and +1 years. In terms of mean difference between chronological age (CA) and estimated dental age (DA), all models along with Willems models have underestimated the CA except Bedek et al's 6 tooth model where overestimation of CA was seen in boys. For MAE and percentage of correct estimations, the new models performed better than Willems models. With regards to our results, it can be concluded that the new models for dental age calculation are accurate and suitable. Therefore, we may encourage their use for age estimation in South Indian children, particularly in individuals with hypodontia or when multiple teeth are missing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  6. Pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects of permanent teeth
    Nik NN, Abul Rahman R
    J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2003;27(4):371-5.
    PMID: 12924738
    This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects from panoramic radiographs from a group of children and young adults aged 20 years and below. The radiolucent lesions were noted with regard to which teeth were affected, the location of the defects and the size of the defects relative to the width of dentin. Out of 1007 radiographs examined, 275 (27.3%) have pre-eruptive dentin defects. The prevalence of anomaly among males was 28.4% as compared to 26.2% among females. However, the difference between genders was not significant, thus subsequent results have been combined. Of 275 subjects with dentin radiolucencies, 243 subjects (88.7%) had only one affected tooth, 30 subjects (10.9%) had two teeth affected and 2 subjects (0.7%) had three affected teeth. The tooth prevalence of the anomaly was 2.1% and most of the lesions occurred as a single occurrence on the affected tooth. Within each tooth type, the highest tooth prevalence of intracoronal dentin defect was found in the upper first premolar (5.1%). More than half of the lesions extended less than 1/3 of the width of the dentin thickness. The high prevalence of the condition indicates the need for increased awareness and recognition of this during radiographic examination of teeth in the pediatric age group in early pre-eruptive stages so that early detection and diagnosis can be made and treatment can be done at the most appropriate time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  7. Anatomical considerations for implant placements in first maxillary molar extracted sites in East Asian patients
    Ananda GK, Nambiar P, Mutalik S, Shanmuhasuntharam P
    Surg Radiol Anat, 2015 Nov;37(9):1099-108.
    PMID: 25850735 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-015-1473-0
    With the advent of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for maxillofacial imaging, there has been a paradigm shift from two dimensional panoramic radiography to three dimensional imaging. This study investigated the microanatomy of the maxillary permanent first molar socket and its relationship to the floor of the maxillary sinus, especially for immediate or early implant placement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  8. Fulltext Effect of ageing towards location and visibility of mental foramen on panoramic radiographs
    Ngeow WC, Dionysius DD, Ishak H, Nambiar P
    Singapore Dent J, 2010 Jun;31(1):15-9.
    PMID: 23739252 DOI: 10.1016/S0377-5291(12)70004-4
    Mental foramen is an opening of the mental canal onto the lateral surface of the mandible. In this pilot radiographical study, in Malay population the effects of ageing towards the location and visibility of the mental foramen were determined. Most of the mental foramina were found to be located inferior to the apex of the second premolar. Non-visibility of the foramen was greatly increased in patients aged 50 years and above (Pearson Chi-square; p = 0.00). This finding may provide a guide to dental surgeries in Malay patients of different age groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*
  9. Fulltext The accuracy of demirjian method in dental age estimation of malay children
    Abu Asab S, Noor SN, Khamis MF
    Singapore Dent J, 2011;32(1):19-27.
    PMID: 23739283 DOI: 10.1016/S0377-5291(12)70012-3
    This study is aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian method in estimating the chronological age of male and female Kelantanese Malay children between 6 and 16 years of age and to establish a new dental age (DA) curve if the Demirjian method was not found to be accurate. About 905 panoramic radiographs of healthy Malay children between 6 and 16 years of age were collected from the radiographic unit in the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and the orthodontic clinic in Hospital Kota Bharu (HKB). Children who had any disease affecting the dental development, or have agenesis in the lower arch and poor quality radiographic images were excluded. The results showed that Demirjian method overestimated the chronological age (CA) by 1.23 years for boys and 1.20 years for girls and it was less accurate for the Kelantanese Malay children. Thus new standard curve were produced and tested on external samples. Results showed that the mean difference between the chronological age and DA is about 0.17 years for boys and 0.11 years for girls. DA was more advanced in the Kelantanese Malay boys and girls as compared to French-Canadian children in all age groups. It is concluded that the Demirjian method tends to be less accurate in estimating the chronological age in Malay children. The new curve that was produced is more applicable to the Kelantanese Malay children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*
  10. Reliability of panoramic-radiograph to determine the position of third-molar from inferior-alveolar-canal
    Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, Mohamed Ebrahim Parker, Norval E., Phrabhakaran N
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:59-65.
    Cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT) has been useful in providing insights of relevant anatomy prior to surgical
    procedures, including the assessment of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar to the inferior-alveolar-canal
    (IAC). It is important to understand the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the assessment of this criterion
    since it is more commonly used as first line radiographic approach due to its availability and lower radiation dose. This
    study aimed to investigate the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the evaluation of the proximity of
    impacted mandibular-third-molar root tip to the IAC by correlating the results with CBCT. A total of 65 root tips of impacted
    mandibular-third-molars that had both panoramic radiographs and CBCT images were included in this retrospective study.
    Two trained observers participated in all image evaluations. A prepared standard 1 cm ruler was used to measure the
    proximity of the third-molar root apices to the IACs. Measurements recorded in this study were categorized into positive
    (root apex above a roof of IAC), zero (root apex was superimposed on IAC) and negative (root apex below a roof of IAC).
    Data analysis was carried out using student t-test. In this study, both observers recorded statistically significant differences
    in the measurement between third-molars root apices and the IAC from panoramic radiographs and CBCT images. The low
    reliability of panoramic radiograph to assess the vertical proximity between these two anatomical structures suggests
    the importance of additional assessment with CBCT in cases where panoramic radiograph shows superimposition of the
    third molar root on the roof of the canal and presence of root below the roof of the IAC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  11. Automated measurement for image distortion analysis in 2D panoramic imaging of dental CBCT system: A phantom study
    Rabba JA, Suhaimi FM, Mat Jafri MZ, Jaafar HA, Osman ND
    Radiography (Lond), 2023 May;29(3):533-538.
    PMID: 36913788 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.02.028
    INTRODUCTION: The daily image quality assessment involves large datasets that consume a lot of time and effort. This study aims to evaluate a proposed automated calculator for image distortion analysis in 2-dimensional (2D) panoramic imaging mode for a dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system in comparison with present manual calculations.

    METHODS: A ball phantom was scanned using panoramic mode of the Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid CBCT unit (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) with standard exposure settings used in clinical practice (60 kV, 2 mA, and maximum FOV). An automated calculator algorithm was developed in MATLAB platform. Two parameters associated with panoramic image distortion such as balls diameter and distance between middle and tenth balls were measured. These automated measurements were compared with manual measurement using the Planmeca Romexis and ImageJ software.

    RESULTS: The findings showed smaller deviation in distance difference measurements by proposed automated calculator (ranged 3.83 mm) as compared to manual measurements (ranged 5.00 for Romexis and 5.12 mm for ImageJ software). There was a significant difference (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  12. Fulltext Image quality assessment in panoramic dental radiography: a comparative study between conventional and digital systems
    Sabarudin A, Tiau YJ
    Quant Imaging Med Surg, 2013 Feb;3(1):43-8.
    PMID: 23483085 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2013.02.07
    This study is designed to compare and evaluate the diagnostic image quality of dental panoramic radiography between conventional and digital systems. Fifty-four panoramic images were collected and divided into three groups consisting of conventional, digital with and without post processing image. Each image was printed out and scored subjectively by two experienced dentists who were blinded to the exposure parameters and system protocols. The evaluation covers of anatomical coverage and structures, density and image contrast. The overall image quality score revealed that digital panoramic with post-processing scored the highest of 3.45±0.19, followed by digital panoramic system without post-processing and conventional panoramic system with corresponding scores of 3.33±0.33 and 2.06±0.40. In conclusion, images produced by digital panoramic system are better in diagnostic image quality than that from conventional panoramic system. Digital post-processing visualization can improve diagnostic quality significantly in terms of radiographic density and contrast.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  13. Fulltext Prevalence of Third Molar Agenesis: Associated Dental Anomalies in Non-Syndromic 5923 Patients
    Sujon MK, Alam MK, Rahman SA
    PLoS One, 2016;11(8):e0162070.
    PMID: 27580050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162070
    The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of third molar agenesis and other associated dental anomalies in Bangladeshi population and to investigate the relationship of other dental anomalies with the third molar presence/agenesis. A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 5923 patients, who ranged in age from 10 to 50 years. All radiographs were analyzed by Planmeca Romexis® 3.0 software (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland). Pearson chi-square and one way ANOVA (Post Hoc) test were conducted. The prevalence of third molar agenesis was 38.4%. The frequency of third molar agenesis was significantly higher in females than males (p <0.025). Third molar agenesis was significantly more prevalent in maxilla as compared to mandible (p <0.007). The prevalence of other dental anomalies was 6.5%, among them hypodontia was 3.1%. Prevalence of third molar agenesis varies in different geographic region. Among the other dental anomalies hypodontia was more prevalent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  14. Pseudo bilateral tonsilloliths: a case report and review of the literature
    Ram S, Siar CH, Ismail SM, Prepageran N
    Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2004 Jul;98(1):110-4.
    PMID: 15243480
    Tonsilloliths are very rare concretions found in the tonsillar crypt. They are usually single and unilateral, but occasionally may be multiple or bilateral. Small concretions in the tonsils are common, but well formed giant unilateral or bilateral tonsilloliths are extremely uncommon. Only two cases of bilateral tonsilloliths have so far been reported in the literature. A case of unilateral tonsillolith, mimicking bilateral tonsilloliths taken with the orthopantogram (OPT) in a 57-year-old Malaysian Indian female with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is described. Although the OPT is a reliable and standard panoramic X-ray unit used in dentistry, superimposition of a lesion involving one side of the jaw creates a pseudo or ghost image on the contralateral side leading to a misdiagnosis of bilateral lesions. This report highlights that tonsilloliths, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of radiopaque masses involving the mandibular ramus, and that investigations such as CT scan or MRI may be required to differentiate pseudo or ghost images from true bilateral pathologies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  15. Gorham's disease of the mandible: radiological features
    Soh HY, Fauzi AA, Nazimi AJ, Ramli R
    Oral Radiol, 2018 05;34(2):179-184.
    PMID: 30484126 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-017-0282-z
    The most conspicuous element of Gorham's disease is its radiographic features, wherein massive disappearance of the mandible is observed. We report a case of an adolescent boy with massive osteolysis of the mandible in whom the diagnosis of Gorham's disease was made. A 14-year-old boy was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, for the management of a massive mandibular deformity. He was diagnosed with a hemangioma-like lesion at 1 year of age. The disease had progressed for an unknown number of years. Plain X-rays and computed tomography images were examined for reconstructive surgery planning. Gorham's disease is self-limiting, but has catastrophic results. The role of imaging is huge, particularly for reconstructive surgery planning.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  16. Panoramic radiography in evaluating the relationship of mandibular canal and impacted third molars in comparison with cone-beam computed tomography
    Ishak MH, Zhun OC, Shaari R, Rahman SA, Hasan MN, Alam MK
    Mymensingh Med J, 2014 Oct;23(4):781-6.
    PMID: 25481601
    This study evaluated the validity of panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the assessment of mandibular canal and impacted third molar. In this descriptive-analytical study, 58 mandibular third molars from 42 patients who showed a close relationship between impacted third molar and canal on panoramic radiographs were selected. They were then classified into seven radiographic markers in panoramic radiographs (superimposition, darkening of the root, interruption of the white lines, root narrowing, canal diversion, canal narrowing, and also closed distance in OPG <1mm). The groups of markers were further assessed with CBCT to see presence or absence of contact. The three most common markers seen in panoramic images are superimposition, interruption of white line and root darkening. In CBCT, superimposition marker always presented higher frequency of contact with canal compared to non-contact group. There are 31% of teeth presented with interruption of white lines and there are 29.3% of teeth presented with superimposition. About 55.6% and 35.3% of the impacted mandibular third molars which indicated interruption of white lines and superimposition also indicated contact in the CBCT respectively. Presence or absence of radiological sign in panoramic radiography was not properly predict a close relationship with third molar and it is suggested that in case of tooth-canal overlapping, the patient should be referred for CBCT assessment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic/methods*
  17. Incidental radiographic finding of the concealed art of susuk
    Devang Divakar D, Mavinapalla S, Al Kheraif AA, Ramakrishnaiah R, Abd Rahim MF, Khan AA
    Med Sci Law, 2016 Jul;56(3):230-2.
    PMID: 26271077 DOI: 10.1177/0025802415599567
    Susuk, or charm needles, are small, metallic needles inserted under the skin, considered to enhance beauty, health and luck. This hidden secret of inserting susuk is a traditional superstitious ritual, widely practiced among women of Southeast Asia. Here, we present an interesting case of incidental radiographic finding of the concealed art of susuk, which was exposed on a panoramic radiograph taken on a routine basis as a part of diagnostic work up at our centre. An orthopantomogram revealed bilateral metallic foreign bodies in the maxillo-facial region. Anamnestic data affirmed the practice of the body art of susuk. The charm needles were present in the orofacial region without the patient experiencing any pathological signs or symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  18. Above or below 14 years? An orthopantomographic study based on chronological course of eruption of mandibular premolars and second molars in a sample of south Indian children
    Thomas LA, Thomas LR, Balla SB, Gopalaiah H, Kanaparthi A, Sai Sravanthi G, et al.
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2021 Feb;48:101814.
    PMID: 33246253 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101814
    In the context of dental age assessment, two significant factors can be studied; tooth mineralisation and tooth emergence. Little is known about the role of a second molar eruption in forensic age estimation. This paper aims to contribute to forensic age estimation using an age threshold of 14 years, studying the eruption stages of permanent mandibular premolars and second molars. Totally 640 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of south Indian children, aged between 10 and 18 years, were evaluated using Olze et al. staging of tooth eruption stages (A-D). Spearman's rho correlation showed a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation between the chronological age and the eruption stages of both sexes' teeth. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and post-test probability values were calculated for all tested teeth. The best performance to discriminate individuals above or below 14 years showed stage D in second molars. The sensitivity varied between 89% and 94% and specificity between 75% and 84%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed high diagnostic performance for stage D, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 84% and 85% for tooth 37 and 85% and 83% for tooth 47 in males and females, respectively. In conclusion, it is possible to predict age over 14 years in south Indian children using tooth emergence stages from OPGs with a relatively high interobserver agreement and good diagnostic accuracy. However, there are some limitations and, therefore, must be used in conjunction with other methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  19. Quantification of secondary dentin formation based on the analysis of MDCT scans and dental OPGs in a contemporary Malaysian population
    Hisham S, Abdullah N, Noor MHM, Franklin D
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2019 02;36:59-66.
    PMID: 30415193 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.11.004
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*
  20. Modified method of dental age estimation of Malay juveniles
    Bunyarit SS, Jayaraman J, Naidu MK, Yuen Ying RP, Danaee M, Nambiar P
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2017 09;28:45-53.
    PMID: 28772147 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2017.07.009
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
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