Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 61 in total

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  1. Siar, C.H., Ibrahim, N., Omar, A.N., Abdul Rahman, Z.A.
    Ann Dent, 2010;17(1):21-24.
    MyJurnal
    Differential diagnosis of orofacial pain is crucial, as the course of each process and its clinical management varies markedly. A case is illustrated here of trigeminal neuralgia in a 49-year-old Indian female whose complaint was initially diagnosed as dental pain leading to sequential extractions of her right mandibular and maxillary molars but with no pain abatement. Subsequent neurological assessment diagnosed her complaint as trigeminal neuralgia but pain remained poorly controlled even with high doses of carbamazepine and gabapentin. A dental referral and orthopantomographic examination revealed multifocal sclerotic masses in her jaws, suggestive of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD). Right mandibular incisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. A decision was made to curette the right mandibular masses and lateralised the right inferior dental nerve. Follow-up disclosed considerable pain reduction. This case raises the issue as to whether the sclerotic bone masses in FCOD may have caused nerve compression which
    aggravated her neuralgic pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  2. Nik NN, Abul Rahman R
    J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2003;27(4):371-5.
    PMID: 12924738
    This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects from panoramic radiographs from a group of children and young adults aged 20 years and below. The radiolucent lesions were noted with regard to which teeth were affected, the location of the defects and the size of the defects relative to the width of dentin. Out of 1007 radiographs examined, 275 (27.3%) have pre-eruptive dentin defects. The prevalence of anomaly among males was 28.4% as compared to 26.2% among females. However, the difference between genders was not significant, thus subsequent results have been combined. Of 275 subjects with dentin radiolucencies, 243 subjects (88.7%) had only one affected tooth, 30 subjects (10.9%) had two teeth affected and 2 subjects (0.7%) had three affected teeth. The tooth prevalence of the anomaly was 2.1% and most of the lesions occurred as a single occurrence on the affected tooth. Within each tooth type, the highest tooth prevalence of intracoronal dentin defect was found in the upper first premolar (5.1%). More than half of the lesions extended less than 1/3 of the width of the dentin thickness. The high prevalence of the condition indicates the need for increased awareness and recognition of this during radiographic examination of teeth in the pediatric age group in early pre-eruptive stages so that early detection and diagnosis can be made and treatment can be done at the most appropriate time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  3. Sghaireen MG, Alam MK, Patil SR, Rahman SA, Alhabib S, Lynch CD, et al.
    J Int Med Res, 2020 Mar;48(3):300060520912138.
    PMID: 32228352 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520912138
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  4. Ishak MH, Zhun OC, Shaari R, Rahman SA, Hasan MN, Alam MK
    Mymensingh Med J, 2014 Oct;23(4):781-6.
    PMID: 25481601
    This study evaluated the validity of panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the assessment of mandibular canal and impacted third molar. In this descriptive-analytical study, 58 mandibular third molars from 42 patients who showed a close relationship between impacted third molar and canal on panoramic radiographs were selected. They were then classified into seven radiographic markers in panoramic radiographs (superimposition, darkening of the root, interruption of the white lines, root narrowing, canal diversion, canal narrowing, and also closed distance in OPG <1mm). The groups of markers were further assessed with CBCT to see presence or absence of contact. The three most common markers seen in panoramic images are superimposition, interruption of white line and root darkening. In CBCT, superimposition marker always presented higher frequency of contact with canal compared to non-contact group. There are 31% of teeth presented with interruption of white lines and there are 29.3% of teeth presented with superimposition. About 55.6% and 35.3% of the impacted mandibular third molars which indicated interruption of white lines and superimposition also indicated contact in the CBCT respectively. Presence or absence of radiological sign in panoramic radiography was not properly predict a close relationship with third molar and it is suggested that in case of tooth-canal overlapping, the patient should be referred for CBCT assessment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic/methods*
  5. Roslan AA, Rahman NA, Alam MK
    J Orthod Sci, 2018;7:16.
    PMID: 30271761 DOI: 10.4103/jos.JOS_37_18
    OBJECTIVE: This study was carried to study the prevalence of dental anomalies and treatment modalities/planning among the orthodontic patients.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 370 orthodontic records including their pre-treatment orthopantomographs (OPG) and study models of orthodontic patients in permanent dentition who attended dental clinic were assessed for impaction, hypodontia, supernumerary, supraocclusion, infraocclusion, and any other anomalies excluding the third molars. The association of anomalies with gender status and racial status was analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square test. A P value of <0.05 is considered as significant. The confidence interval at 95% (CI) was set.

    RESULTS: Among the 370 subjects, 105 (28.4%) presented with at least one anomaly. Eighty-five (23%) demonstrated a single anomaly and 20 (5.4%) with more than one anomaly. The most prevalent anomaly was impaction (14.32%), followed by hypodontia (7.03%). The less common anomalies were microdontia (1.08%), dilacerations (0.27%), and generalised enamel hypoplasia (0.27%). Maxillary right lateral incisors and canines were the most common affected teeth and these are located on the maxillary right quadrant. It was evident that dental anomalies were statistically dependant on race (P = 0.025), but independent of gender. The most common treatment planned for these patients was fixed appliance.

    CONCLUSIONS: Impaction was predominant among 28.4% subjects observed with anomaly and most patients with anomaly are treated with fixed appliances (49%).

    CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These anomalies play a great role in occlusion and alignment in treatment planning and relapse for orthodontic treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  6. Sheriff SO, Medapati RH, Ankisetti SA, Gurrala VR, Haritha K, Pulijala S, et al.
    J Forensic Odontostomatol, 2020 Sep 30;2(38):22-39.
    PMID: 33174535
    The goal of long term research on age assessment is to focus on the strengths and weaknesses of existing reliable methods of age estimation. In cases of age estimation when all teeth are present, maximum accuracy can be obtained using a 7 tooth model. Demirjian's system and Willems models require all seven mandibular teeth in the lower left quadrant for age assessment. Unfortunately, these methods cannot be applied in children with hypodontia. In 2019, Bedek et al., from Croatia, developed new models of age estimation based on a combination of one to seven mandibular teeth. In the present study, we tested the accuracy of the newly developed models for age estimation in South Indian children. Tested in parallel with Willems models, the accuracy of the new models was tested in terms of mean difference, mean absolute error (MAE) and percentage of correct estimations within intervals of +0.5 and +1 years. In terms of mean difference between chronological age (CA) and estimated dental age (DA), all models along with Willems models have underestimated the CA except Bedek et al's 6 tooth model where overestimation of CA was seen in boys. For MAE and percentage of correct estimations, the new models performed better than Willems models. With regards to our results, it can be concluded that the new models for dental age calculation are accurate and suitable. Therefore, we may encourage their use for age estimation in South Indian children, particularly in individuals with hypodontia or when multiple teeth are missing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  7. Angelakopoulos N, Galić I, Balla SB, Kiş HC, Gómez Jiménez L, Zolotenkova G, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2021 Nov;135(6):2423-2436.
    PMID: 34228192 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02656-2
    The diagnostic accuracy of the I3M to assess the legal age of 18 years has already been tested in several specific-population samples. The left lower third molar has been extensively used for discriminating between minors and adults. This research aimed to compare the usefulness of lower third molar maturity indexes, from both left and right side (I3ML and I3MR), in samples originating from four distinct continents in order to examine possible differences in their accuracy values. For this purpose, a sample of 10,181 orthopantomograms (OPGs), from Europe, Africa, Asia and America, was analysed and previously scored in other studies. The samples included healthy subjects with no systemic disorders with both third molars and clear depicted root apices. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test for left and right asymmetry did not show any significant differences. Data about sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratio and accuracy were pooled together and showed similar results for I3ML and I3MR, respectively. In addition, all these quantities were high when only the I3MR was considered to discriminate between adults and minors. The present referable database was the first to pool third molar measurements using panoramic radiographs of subjects coming from different continents. The results highlighted that both I3ML and I3MR are reliable indicators for assessing the legal age of 18 years old in those jurisdictions where this legal threshold has been set as the age of majority.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  8. Angelakopoulos N, De Luca S, Oliveira-Santos I, Ribeiro ILA, Bianchi I, Balla SB, et al.
    Int J Legal Med, 2023 Mar;137(2):403-425.
    PMID: 36520207 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02930-x
    Identification of living undocumented individuals highlights the need for accurate, precise, and reproducible age estimation methods, especially in those cases involving minors. However, when their country of origin is unknown, or it can be only roughly estimated, it is extremely difficult to apply assessment policies, procedures, and practices that are accurate and child-sensitive. The main aim of this research is to optimize the correct classification of adults and minors by establishing new cut-off values for four different continents (Africa, America, Asia, and Europe). For this purpose, a vast sample of 10,701 orthopantomographs (OPTs) from four continents was evaluated. For determination and subsequent validation of the new third molar maturity index (I3M) cut-off values by world regions, a cross-validation by holdout method was used and contingency tables (confusion matrices) were generated. The lower third molar maturity indexes, from both left and right side (I3ML and I3MR) and the combination of both sides (I3ML_I3MR) were calculated. The new cut-off values, that aim to differentiate between a minor and an adult, with more than 74.00% accuracy for all populations were as follows (I3ML; I3MR; I3ML_I3MR, respectively): Africa = (0.10; 0.10; 0.10), America = (0.10; 0.09; 0.09), Asia = (0.15; 0.17; 0.14), and Europe = (0.09; 0.09; 0.09). The higher sensitivity (Se) was detected for the I3ML for male African people (91%) and the higher specificity (Sp) of all the parameters (I3ML; I3MR; I3ML_I3MR) for Europeans both male and female (> 91%). The original cut-off value (0.08) is still useful, especially in discriminating individuals younger than 18 years old which is the goal of the forensic methods used for justice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  9. Ngeow WC, Chai WL
    Clin Anat, 2020 Nov;33(8):1214-1227.
    PMID: 31943382 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23567
    The mandibular canal is a conduit that allows the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle to transverse the mandible to supply the dentition, jawbone and soft tissue around the gingiva and the lower lip. It is not a single canal but an anatomical structure with multiple branches and variations. The branches are termed accessory, bifid or trifid canals depending on their number and configuration. A bifid mandibular canal is an anatomical variation reported more commonly than the trifid variant. Because of these variations, it is of the utmost importance to determine the exact location of the mandibular canal and to identify any branches arising from it prior to performing surgery in the mandible. This article reviews the prevalence, classification and morphometric measurements of these accessory mandibular canals, emphasizing their clinical significance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  10. Varghese E, Samson RS, Nagraj SK, Chandrappa PR
    BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Nov 01;2017.
    PMID: 29092975 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222497
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  11. Hussein FE, Liew AK, Ramlee RA, Abdullah D, Chong BS
    J Endod, 2016 Oct;42(10):1441-5.
    PMID: 27552839 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.07.009
    INTRODUCTION: Ignoring the cluster effect is a common statistical oversight that is also observed in endodontic research. The aim of this study was to explore the use of multilevel modeling in investigating the effect of tooth-level and patient-level factors on apical periodontitis (AP).

    METHODS: A random sample of digital panoramic radiographs from the database of a dental hospital was evaluated. Two calibrated examiners (κ ≥ 0.89) assessed the technical quality of the root fillings and the radiographic periapical health status by using the periapical index. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, followed by multilevel modeling by using tooth-level and patient-level predictors. Model fit information was obtained, and the findings of the best-fit model were reported.

    RESULTS: A total of 6409 teeth were included in the analysis. The predicted probability of a tooth having AP was 0.42%. There was a statistically significant variability between patients (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  12. Thomas LA, Thomas LR, Balla SB, Gopalaiah H, Kanaparthi A, Sai Sravanthi G, et al.
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2021 Feb;48:101814.
    PMID: 33246253 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101814
    In the context of dental age assessment, two significant factors can be studied; tooth mineralisation and tooth emergence. Little is known about the role of a second molar eruption in forensic age estimation. This paper aims to contribute to forensic age estimation using an age threshold of 14 years, studying the eruption stages of permanent mandibular premolars and second molars. Totally 640 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of south Indian children, aged between 10 and 18 years, were evaluated using Olze et al. staging of tooth eruption stages (A-D). Spearman's rho correlation showed a strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation between the chronological age and the eruption stages of both sexes' teeth. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and post-test probability values were calculated for all tested teeth. The best performance to discriminate individuals above or below 14 years showed stage D in second molars. The sensitivity varied between 89% and 94% and specificity between 75% and 84%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed high diagnostic performance for stage D, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 84% and 85% for tooth 37 and 85% and 83% for tooth 47 in males and females, respectively. In conclusion, it is possible to predict age over 14 years in south Indian children using tooth emergence stages from OPGs with a relatively high interobserver agreement and good diagnostic accuracy. However, there are some limitations and, therefore, must be used in conjunction with other methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  13. Nik-Hussein NN, Kee KM, Gan P
    Forensic Sci Int, 2011 Jan 30;204(1-3):208.e1-6.
    PMID: 20869825 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.08.020
    BACKGROUND: One of the most commonly used method for dental age assessment is the method reported by Demirjian and coworkers in 1973. It was later modified by Willems and coworkers whereby they “performed a weighted ANOVA” in order to adapt the scoring system.
    AIM: To evaluate the applicability of Demirjian and Willems methods for dental age estimation for Malaysian children and to correlate the accuracy of the findings with the chronology of tooth development of premolars and second molars.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 991 dental panoramic radiographs of 5-15-year-old Malaysian children were included in the study. The mean Demirjian and Willems estimated ages were compared to the mean chronological age.
    RESULTS: The mean chronological age of the sample was 10.1±2.8 and 9.9±3.0 years for males and females respectively. Using the Demirjian method, the mean estimated dental age was 10.8±2.9 years for males and 10.5±2.9 years for females. For Willems method, the mean estimated age was 10.3±2.8 years males and 10.0±3.0 years respectively.
    CONCLUSIONS: Willems method was more applicable for estimating dental age for Malaysian children. Overestimation in Demirjian method could be due to advanced development of second bicuspids and molars.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  14. Garg R, Mishra N, Alexander M, Gupta SK
    Ann Maxillofac Surg, 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):237-244.
    PMID: 29264292 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_87_17
    Introduction: With introduction of the term "ossteointegration of dental implant" by Branemark, advancement in implantology from 1957 to 2017 has come a long way with modification in implant type and in loading time. This study aims to evaluate the survival of endo-osseous immediate loading (IL) implant and basal IL implants in atrophic jaws with objective to compare implant survival in atrophic jaws for full mouth rehabilitation between endo-osseous IL versus endo-osseous delayed loading (DL) versus basal IL during 3-year follow-up.

    Materials and Methods: Fifty-two (34 endo-osseous and 18 basal) implants were placed in 4 patients requiring full mouth rehabilitation in atrophic jaws. Case 1: Endo-osseous DL implants in upper and lower arch, Case 2: Endo-osseous IL implants in upper and lower arch, Case 3: Basal IL implant in upper and lower arch, and Case 4: Endo-osseous DL in upper arch and basal IL implant in the lower arch. Intraoperative evaluation was done on the basis of pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), operative time, and initial primary implant stability. Postoperative evaluation was done on pain (VAS), infection, radiographically successful implant (orthopantomogram), and patient satisfaction (Grade 0-10).

    Results: All cases showed satisfactory results but more amount of intra- and post-operative pain was felt with immediate basal implants.

    Conclusion: We believe that clinicians should comply with patient requests, and for this reason, we agree with some authors to use minimally invasive techniques and to avoid when possible esthetic or functional problems associated with the use of removable prosthesis after teeth extractions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  15. Al-Juboori MJ, AbdulRahaman SB, Hassan A
    Implant Dent, 2013 Aug;22(4):351-5.
    PMID: 23811720 DOI: 10.1097/ID.0b013e318296583d
    To detect the correlation between crestal bone resorption and implant stability during healing period using resonance frequency analysis (RFA).
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic/methods
  16. Tandjung YR, Hong CP, Nambiar P, Ibrahim N
    Int Dent J, 2007 Jun;57(3):173-6.
    PMID: 17695738
    A 50-year-old friendly and attractive Chinese lady was examined by the Primary Care Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. Her requests for treatment included implants and crowns. Two periapical radiographs of teeth 16 and 48 were taken to aid diagnosis. Interestingly, pin-like radio-opaque objects were found over the crown of the impacted tooth 15 and also tooth 17. These objects were initially interpreted as silver points or radiographic artifacts but further investigation employing panoramic radiography revealed the distribution of more radio-opaque objects in the orofacial region. Based on a review of the literature and the opinion of experienced radiology and oral surgery lecturers, these foreign radio-opaque objects were diagnosed as susuks or charm needles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*
  17. Santhosh K, Manzoor S, Sushanth A, Seralathan S, Rajasekar V, Jacob A
    J Contemp Dent Pract, 2020 Nov 01;21(11):1258-1261.
    PMID: 33850072
    AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of X-rays on buccal mucosa while exposing to dental panoramic radiography using micronucleus test.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised of 30 healthy subjects, 15 males and 15 females, aged between 24 years and 65 years. Samples were obtained from the exfoliated oral mucosa cells of buccal mucosa before and 12 days after exposing the patients to panoramic radiography.

    RESULTS: The study reported that there was no significant increase in the number of micronuclei cells present before and after panoramic radiography. Positive correlation existed between age with pre- and postexposure micronuclei.

    CONCLUSION: Diagnostic dental panoramic radiograph does not induce micronuclei in the target buccal epithelium cells. A positive correlation between age and micronuclei frequency was established.

    CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Panoramic radiographs does not induce cytotoxicity but increase frequency may be vulnerable to genotoxic effects in buccal mucosal cells. Hence, dental radiographs should be prescribed only when necessary.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
  18. Dias AP, Jiffry MT
    Aust Dent J, 1988 Feb;33(1):23-6.
    PMID: 3165617
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*
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