Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 72 in total

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  1. Noraini Noordin, Nurul Elfieqah Rostam, Nur Ariena Farhana Noor Hamizan
    ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2020;16(2):1-10.
    MyJurnal
    The Morning Shift (MS) flow of passengers on Thursday is similar to any other day in the week at an urban train station. However, passenger congestion occurring in the Evening Shift (ES) affects the system behaviour. The system has been showing this characteristic over the years. However,
    only one counter is opened. This counter also sells different types of tickets. Thus, the system is not cost-effective. The study aims to determine the optimal number of counters that should be opened on Thursday. In order to solve this problem, the study has applied Poisson Queuing Simulation (PQ) to the MS and ES data. Findings indicate that running one or two counters in MS
    maintains the mean of wait time in-queue and in-system at less than one minute, while the mean of in-queue and in-system passengers is also at one person. Extra cost has to be incurred to hire another teller; thus, one counter is optimal. For ES, the service rate was only slightly higher than the arrival rate. Based on the mean number of in-queue and in-system passengers, there was no way that one counter can efficiently service the queue that was formed. A simulation was done to determine if there was a need to set up a two-counter or a three-counter system. Although a two-counter system will be idle 47% of the time, it was not cost-effective for the management to two
    extra tellers for a three-counter system. The management must take future corrective measures. Based on the findings, one counter is optimal for MS, but cost-effectiveness tests must confirm that two counters are optimal for ES. Besides, the management should also identify actions that can be taken during the 47% idle system time in ES.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  2. Peng MY, Feng Y, Zhao X, Chong W
    Front Psychol, 2021;12:583722.
    PMID: 33854458 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.583722
    Previous studies have explored a multitude of factors influencing student learning outcomes based on various theories. Knowledge transfer theory was adopted to develop the antecedents of student learning outcomes in the complete learning process. This study aims to explore the conspicuousness between various factors within the structural model, such as knowledge transfer, student orientation, and absorptive capacity, by combining marketing and management concepts with higher education studies. This study takes Taiwanese University students as its research samples, and purposive sampling is adopted. A total of 873 questionnaires are collected in this study. PLS-SEM was used to verify the structural relationship in data analysis via running of SmartPLS. The results indicate that knowledge transfer and student orientation have significant impacts on students' absorptive capacity and learning outcomes and that students' prior knowledge has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between knowledge transfer and absorptive capacities. Based on these findings, the researchers propose feasible suggestions for related issues and future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  3. Teichmann J, Suwarganda EK, Lendewig C, Wilson BD, Yeo WK, Aziz RA, et al.
    J Sport Rehabil, 2016 May;25(2):126-32.
    PMID: 25658597 DOI: 10-1123/jsr.2014-0280
    CONTEXT: The Unexpected-Disturbance Program (UDP) promotes exercises in response to so-called involuntary short- to midlatency disturbances.

    OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effectiveness of the UDP in the last 6 wk of rehabilitation.

    DESIGN: Pre-post study with 2-tailed paired t tests for limited a priori comparisons to examine differences.

    SETTING: National Sports Institute of Malaysia.

    PARTICIPANTS: 24 Malaysian national athletes.

    INTERVENTIONS: 7 sessions/wk of 90 min with 3 sessions allocated for 5 or 6 UDP exercises.

    MAIN OUTCOMES: Significant improvements for men and women were noted. Tests included 20-m sprint, 1-repetition-maximum single-leg press, standing long jump, single-leg sway, and a psychological questionnaire.

    RESULTS: For men and women, respectively, average strength improvements of 22% (d = 0.96) and 29% (d = 1.05), sprint time of 3% (d = 1.06) and 4% (d = 0.58), and distance jumped of 4% (d = 0.59) and 6% (d = 0.47) were noted. In addition, athletes reported improved perceived confidence in their abilities. All athletes improved in each functional test except for long jump in 2 of the athletes. Mediolateral sway decreased in 18 of the 22 athletes for the injured limb.

    CONCLUSION: The prevention training with UDP resulted in improved conditioning and seems to decrease mediolateral sway.

    Matched MeSH terms: Running/physiology
  4. Sim A, Chidan Kumar CS, Kwong HC, Then LY, Win YF, Quah CK, et al.
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2017 Jun 01;73(Pt 6):896-900.
    PMID: 28638654 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017007460
    In the title compounds, (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenyl-ene)bis-[1-(2-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one], C26H22O4 (I), (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenyl-ene)bis-[1-(3-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one], C26H22O4 (II) and (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenyl-ene)bis-[1-(3,4-di-meth-oxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one], C28H26O6 (III), the asymmetric unit consists of a half-mol-ecule, completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The dihedral angles between the central and terminal benzene rings are 56.98 (8), 7.74 (7) and 7.73 (7)° for (I), (II) and (III), respectively. In the crystal of (I), mol-ecules are linked by pairs of C-H⋯π inter-actions into chains running parallel to [101]. The packing for (II) and (III), features inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming R2(2)(16) and R2(2)(14) ring motifs, respectively, as parts of [201] and [101] chains, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  5. Welbourn EM, Wilson MT, Yusof A, Metodiev MV, Cooper CE
    Free Radic. Biol. Med., 2017 02;103:95-106.
    PMID: 28007575 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.024
    Covalent hemoglobin binding to membranes leads to band 3 (AE1) clustering and the removal of erythrocytes from the circulation; it is also implicated in blood storage lesions. Damaged hemoglobin, with the heme being in a redox and oxygen-binding inactive hemichrome form, has been implicated as the binding species. However, previous studies used strong non-physiological oxidants. In vivo hemoglobin is constantly being oxidised to methemoglobin (ferric), with around 1% of hemoglobin being in this form at any one time. In this study we tested the ability of the natural oxidised form of hemoglobin (methemoglobin) in the presence or absence of the physiological oxidant hydrogen peroxide to initiate membrane binding. The higher the oxidation state of hemoglobin (from Fe(III) to Fe(V)) the more binding was observed, with approximately 50% of this binding requiring reactive sulphydryl groups. The hemoglobin bound was in a high molecular weight complex containing spectrin, ankyrin and band 4.2, which are common to one of the cytoskeletal nodes. Unusually, we showed that hemoglobin bound in this way was redox active and capable of ligand binding. It can initiate lipid peroxidation showing the potential to cause cell damage. In vivo oxidative stress studies using extreme endurance exercise challenges showed an increase in hemoglobin membrane binding, especially in older cells with lower levels of antioxidant enzymes. These are then targeted for destruction. We propose a model where mild oxidative stress initiates the binding of redox active hemoglobin to the membrane. The maximum lifetime of the erythrocyte is thus governed by the redox activity of the cell; from the moment of its release into the circulation the timer is set.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  6. Ch'ng ES, Othman NH
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Apr;43(1):19-23.
    PMID: 33903301
    International Academy of Pathology, Malaysian Division has initiated and run the external quality assurance program for general diagnostic histopathology since the year 2017. This article introduces the educational philosophy of this external quality assurance program and the technicalities in running such a national program. Challenges in ensuring the successful running of this program to gain wide acceptance by histopathology laboratories in Malaysia as well as experience in overcoming these challenges are detailed. This article charts the future direction of this external quality assurance program.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  7. Lussiana T, Patoz A, Gindre C, Mourot L, Hébert-Losier K
    J Exp Biol, 2019 03 18;222(Pt 6).
    PMID: 30787136 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.192047
    A lower duty factor (DF) reflects a greater relative contribution of leg swing versus ground contact time during the running step. Increasing time on the ground has been reported in the scientific literature to both increase and decrease the energy cost (EC) of running, with DF reported to be highly variable in runners. As increasing running speed aligns running kinematics more closely with spring-mass model behaviours and re-use of elastic energy, we compared the centre of mass (COM) displacement and EC between runners with a low (DFlow) and high (DFhigh) duty factor at typical endurance running speeds. Forty well-trained runners were divided in two groups based on their mean DF measured across a range of speeds. EC was measured from 4 min treadmill runs at 10, 12 and 14 km h-1 using indirect calorimetry. Temporal characteristics and COM displacement data of the running step were recorded from 30 s treadmill runs at 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 km h-1 Across speeds, DFlow exhibited more symmetrical patterns between braking and propulsion phases in terms of time and vertical COM displacement than DFhigh DFhigh limited global vertical COM displacements in favour of horizontal progression during ground contact. Despite these running kinematics differences, no significant difference in EC was observed between groups. Therefore, both DF strategies seem energetically efficient at endurance running speeds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running/physiology*
  8. Kamaruddin HK, Ooi CH, Mündel T, Aziz AR, Che Muhamed AM
    Eur J Appl Physiol, 2019 Aug;119(8):1711-1723.
    PMID: 31098832 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04161-2
    PURPOSE: To examine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing on endurance running responses and performance in dehydrated individuals.

    METHODS: In a double blind, randomised crossover design, 12 well-trained male runners completed 4 running time to exhaustion (TTE) trials at a speed equivalent to 70% of VO2peak in a thermoneutral condition. Throughout each run, participants mouth rinsed and expectorated every 15 min either 25 mL of 6% CHO or a placebo (PLA) solution for 10 s. The four TTEs consisted of two trials in the euhydrated (EU-CHO and EU-PLA) and two trials in the dehydrated (DY-CHO and DY-PLA) state. Prior to each TTE run, participants were dehydrated via exercise and allowed a passive rest period during which they were fed and either rehydrated equivalent to their body mass deficit (i.e., EU trials) or ingested only 50 mL of water (DY trials).

    RESULTS: CHO mouth rinsing significantly improved TTE performance in the DY compared to the EU trials (78.2 ± 4.3 vs. 76.9 ± 3.8 min, P = 0.02). The arousal level of the runners was significantly higher in the DY compared to the EU trials (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference among trials in heart rate, plasma glucose and lactate, and psychological measures.

    CONCLUSIONS: CHO mouth rinsing enhanced running performance significantly more when participants were dehydrated vs. euhydrated due to the greater sensitivity of oral receptors related to thirst and central mediated activation. These results show that level of dehydration alters the effect of brain perception with presence of CHO.

    Matched MeSH terms: Running*
  9. Daneshjoo A, Mokhtar AH, Rahnama N, Yusof A
    PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e51568.
    PMID: 23251579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051568
    The study investigated the effects of FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee, both being popular warm-up programs, on proprioception, and on the static and dynamic balance of professional male soccer players.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running/physiology
  10. Rusnani Ab Latif, Akehsan Dahlan, Zamzaliza Ab Mulud, Mohd Zarawi Mat Nor
    MyJurnal
    The major component in nursing education is attachmnet at clinical practices to give the students experience,
    responsibility and understanding in care of the patient. Nurse educators and the clinical nurse instructors are
    responsible for coordinating the education of nursing students in clinical area. Currently practice using nursing
    processes is more familiar to compare than concept mapping care plan among the nurses and nursing students.
    Nursing care plan or nursing process has been utilized at the clinical setting to assess the actual and potential
    health problems of the patients. However, the format of nursing care plans makes challenging to the students,
    especially for new students in semester one to gather the information based on patients problems. In addition,
    this nursing process evaluation is one of examination tools for them in running assessments. Therefore, the
    development of concept mapping care plan at clinical practices was used to evalaute the students academic
    achievement in clinical pratices. Concept mapping care plan was found to enhance the knowledge and
    understanding of the nursing students and also improving the quality of clinical education. Nursing students
    who have good skills will perform certain procedures better than students having fewer skills. This affects the
    quality of work in the future as either a higher quality or of poor quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  11. Ngeow WC, Chai WL
    Clin Anat, 2021 May;34(4):512-521.
    PMID: 32020669 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23577
    The mandibular canal is nowadays acknowledged as a major trunk with multiple smaller branches running roughly parallel to it. Most of these accessory canals contain branches of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle that supplies the dentition, jawbone, and soft tissue around the gingiva and lower lip. This article reviews the prevalence, classification and morphometric measurements of the retromolar canal and its aperture. A retromolar canal is a bifid variation of the mandibular canal that divides from above this main canal, and travels anterosuperiorly within the bone to exit via a single foramen or multiple foramina into the retromolar fossa. This foramen, termed the retromolar foramen, allows accessory branches of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundles to supply tissues at the retromolar trigone. Clinically, it is of the utmost importance to determine the exact location of the mandibular canal and to identify its retromolar accessory branches when surgery in the posterior mandible is to be performed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  12. Sharuddin Mohd Dahuri, Nor Hakimah Ahmad Subri, Norashady Mohd Noor
    MyJurnal
    his paper presents the structure and static model of engine camshaft analysis. For the purposes of this analysis, the finite element method is used. Camshaft is one of the critical components for effective and precise work of internal combustion engines. This camshaft rotates at high speed causing pressure and vibration in the system. Camshafts are also subject to varying fatigue burden due to cam plunger contact. These precise values are required to be determined to prevent failure in the camshaft. The objective of the project is to model and to perform pressure analysis on the camshaft machine. In this project the standard engine cam shafts are modeled and analyzed using the CATIA V5R21 software respectively. This model is created by the basic requirements of the engine. It is done with an existing background, such as the power of acting on cam by means of a valve while running at maxi mum speed. Here the approach becomes fully CAE based. CAE - based approaches enrich Research and limit the time span. A study was conducted to predict the behavior of the different camshafts structure of the material using the finite three - dimensional pressure of the element. Four types of materials such as Steel, Titanium, Aluminum and Magnesium are taken into account. FEA Stress and maximum displacement decisions are calculated and compared to all of the above materials. The conclusion is to focus on the material suitable for the camshaft to reduce the maximum displacement and weight. Titanium materials become the best material for camshaft manufacturing based on analysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  13. Saleem H, Jiandong W, Aldakhil AM, Nassani AA, Abro MMQ, Zaman K, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 May;26(14):14435-14460.
    PMID: 30868457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04692-3
    The objective of the study is to evaluate socio-economic and environmental factors that influenced the United Nations healthcare sustainable agenda in a panel of 21 Asian and African countries. The results show that changes in price level (0.0062, p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  14. Willmott AGB, Hayes M, Waldock KAM, Relf RL, Watkins ER, James CA, et al.
    J Sports Sci, 2017 Nov;35(22):2249-2256.
    PMID: 27935427 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1265142
    Multistage, ultra-endurance events in hot, humid conditions necessitate thermal adaptation, often achieved through short term heat acclimation (STHA), to improve performance by reducing thermoregulatory strain and perceptions of heat stress. This study investigated the physiological, perceptual and immunological responses to STHA prior to the Marathon des Sables. Eight athletes (age 42 ± 4 years and body mass 81.9 ± 15.0 kg) completed 4 days of controlled hyperthermia STHA (60 min·day‒1, 45°C and 30% relative humidity). Pre, during and post sessions, physiological and perceptual measures were recorded. Immunological measures were recorded pre-post sessions 1 and 4. STHA improved thermal comfort (P = 0.02), sensation (P = 0.03) and perceived exertion (P = 0.04). A dissociated relationship between perceptual fatigue and Tre was evident after STHA, with reductions in perceived Physical (P = 0.04) and General (P = 0.04) fatigue. Exercising Tre and HR did not change (P > 0.05) however, sweat rate increased 14% (P = 0.02). No changes were found in white blood cell counts or content (P > 0.05). Four days of STHA facilitates effective perceptual adaptations, without compromising immune status prior to an ultra-endurance race in heat stress. A greater physiological strain is required to confer optimal physiological adaptations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running/physiology*
  15. James CA, Richardson AJ, Watt PW, Willmott AGB, Gibson OR, Maxwell NS
    J Strength Cond Res, 2018 May;32(5):1366-1375.
    PMID: 28486332 DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001979
    James, CA, Richardson, AJ, Watt, PW, Willmott, AGB, Gibson, OR, and Maxwell, NS. Short-term heat acclimation and precooling, independently and combined, improve 5-km time trial performance in the heat. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1366-1375, 2018-Following heat acclimation (HA), endurance running performance remains impaired in hot vs. temperate conditions. Combining HA with precooling (PC) demonstrates no additive benefit in intermittent sprint, or continuous cycling exercise protocols, during which heat strain may be less severe compared to endurance running. This study investigated the effect of short-term HA (STHA) combined with mixed methods PC, on endurance running performance and directly compared PC and HA. Nine amateur trained runners completed 5-km treadmill time trials (TTs) in the heat (32° C, 60% relative humidity) under 4 conditions; no intervention (CON), PC, short-term HA (5 days-HA) and STHA with PC (HA + PC). Mean (±SD) performance times were; CON 1,476 (173) seconds, PC 1,421 (146) seconds, HA 1,378 (116) seconds and HA + PC 1,373 (121) seconds. This equated to the following improvements versus CON; PC -3.7%, HA -6.6% and HA + PC -7.0%. Statistical differences were only observed between HA and CON (p = 0.004, d = 0.68, 95% CI [-0.27 to 1.63]) however, similar effect sizes were observed for HA + PC vs. CON (d = 0.70, 95% CI [-0.25 to 1.65]), with smaller effects between PC vs. CON (d = 0.34, 95% CI [-0.59 to 1.27]), HA vs. PC (d = 0.33, 95% CI [-0.60 to 1.26]) and HA + PC vs. PC (d = 0.36, 95% CI [-0.57 to 1.29]). Pilot testing revealed a TT typical error of 16 seconds (1.2%). Precooling offered no further benefit to performance in the acclimated individual, despite modest alleviation of physiological strain. Maintenance of running speed in HA + PC, despite reduced physiological strain, may indicate an inappropriate pacing strategy therefore, further familiarization is recommended to optimize a combined strategy. Finally, these data indicate HA, achieved through cycle training, yields a larger ergogenic effect than PC on 5-km running performance in the heat, although PC remains beneficial when HA is not possible.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running/physiology*
  16. Syahrul Affandi Saidi, Syarifah Idrus Sofia Syed Mohd Yamin, Mohd Sharizan Md Sarip, Wan Azani Mustafa
    MyJurnal
    In Malaysia, it is estimated that almost 80 percent of the world's population today used palm oil in their daily lives. Malaysia is the second country exporting palm oil, about 39 percent of world palm oil output. Besides that, Malaysia also recorded about 44 per cent of world exports, making the palm industry very important for countries other than rubber and cocoa. However, to keep the palm industry running smoothly and constantly, there are many challenges to face. One is to maintain soil fertility because the soil can affect the growth of oil palm trees. With the use of this system, it will show the condition of soil behaviour to the farmer about the treatment given. Arduino board is used in this project which it is programmed to calculate and display the level of soil condition by using temperature sensor and soil moisture sensors as an input. This sensor will detect the level of soil moisture and temperature and it is easier for farmers to monitor the soil conditions. Controlled soil conditions can improve the soil's ability to maintain the fertility of palm trees and help plant growth suit to the weather and local climate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  17. Zahayu Md Yusof, Masnita Misiran, Adyda Ibrahim
    MyJurnal
    Balanced between good diet and regular physical activity is among the important factors in avoiding unhealthy weight gain. Our objective in this study was to investigate the amount of calorie loss against a variety of running exercises. In this study, an experiment on running as a calorie burning physical activities was conducted. Two factors were selected, the distance, and the level of difficulties. The result and statistical analysis concluded that both factors play significant roles in burning calories, with distance as being the most significant factor. The findings also suggest that other than increasing the distance, choosing a hilly terrain when training can give more efficient calories burn. There is no interaction between distance and the level of difficulties. Individuals should plan their workout accordingly only after knowing how many calories they burned through each activity. For individual with aims to burn more calories, an increase in distance and a hilly terrain is more favorable.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  18. Abdullah R., Wan Md Adnan W.A.H.
    JUMMEC, 2018;21(2):4-9.
    MyJurnal
    Long-distance running has gathered some momentum among health-conscious participants. However, some
    studies have revealed association between long-distance running and development of acute kidney injury.
    Although the impact usually lasts only for a few days after the event, some participants have been admitted for
    severe acute kidney injury, the minority of which require dialysis treatment. The mechanisms underlying the
    injury may include dehydration, development of rhabdomyolysis, heat stroke and concomitant use of NSAIDS.
    Unfortunately, there is no long-term follow-up study to determine the long-term effect on kidney function.
    Acute hyponatremia may develop in a significant proportion of long-distance runners. Majority of them were
    asymptomatic but a few fatal cases which were supposedly due to cerebral oedema have been reported.
    Excessive intake of hypotonic drinks, excessive sweating and secretion of non-osmotic antidiuretic hormone
    have been postulated to be the causes of hyponatremia. This mini review will discuss the pathophysiology of
    the development of acute kidney injury and hyponatremia. It will also discuss the prevention and treatment
    of both conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  19. Shaw DJ, Rosanowski SM
    Vet J, 2019 Aug;250:24-27.
    PMID: 31383416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.015
    Epiglottic entrapment is a condition in racing horses, associated with abnormal respiratory noises and exercise intolerance. Epiglottic entrapment has been linked to both poor and superior athletic performance, leading to concerns regarding whether surgery is indicated, and whether surgical correction may have a deleterious effect on future race performance. The objective of the current study was to assess the race-day performance of horses racing with epiglottic entrapment and the effect of surgical correction on performance outcomes using an intra-oral technique in anaesthetised horses. A case-control study was conducted at the Singapore Turf Club from 2008 to 2011. Controls were selected 1:1 to cases, based on Malaysian Racing Authority number. The performance of horses racing with epiglottic entrapment was recorded and post-surgery race performance was described. Further, post-surgery race performance was compared between cases and with non-case controls. Twenty horses raced with epiglottic entrapment were retrospectively enrolled. There was a significant difference in racing performance in case horses racing with and without epiglottic entrapment (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
  20. Teoh, Hsien-Jin, Tan, Kai Ling
    MyJurnal
    A total of 306 Malaysian university students and staff were surveyed to ascertain the physical and emotional effects of the polluted haze on them. All subjects completed self-reported questionnaires. Analysis of the results indicated that the majority of subjects reduced their outdoor activities and sports, and also reported an increase in emotional and physical health problems. The results indicated that there was a general increase in emotional problems such as feeling depressed, lacking in energy, not feeling like doing anything, feeling anxious and afraid, difficulty sleeping, feeling agitated and irritable, and having no appetite. There was also an increase in physical symptoms such as itchy or red eyes, itchy or running nose, dry throat/cough, headaches, nausea, and fever. This study indicated that emotional and behavioural problems are just as common during the haze, when compared with physical health problems. The study also suggests that there are a broad range of problems which health care and human resource departments need to be aware of and take precautions to minimize during a haze.
    Matched MeSH terms: Running
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