Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 166 in total

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  1. Ng, Amelia Phei Fang, Teh, Chiew Peng, Poi, Khoy Yen, Tan, Aileen Shau Hwai, Zulfigar Yasin
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2016;27(11):23-29.
    MyJurnal
    The effects of salinity on the embryonic and larvae stage of Crassostrea iredalei
    were investigated. Fertilised eggs and one day old D-larvae were subjected to salinities
    ranging from 0 to 30 ppt at temperature of 30±2°C. At salinity lower than 10 ppt, 100%
    mortality was observed. For embryo development, the highest survival was observed at
    salinity 25 ppt with 80.9±2.2% survival with no significant difference compared to 15 and
    30 ppt. Shell height and length were both greatest at salinity 30 ppt. Throughout the 11
    days culture, the highest larval survival occurred at salinity 15 ppt with no significant
    difference compared to all other salinities except 10 ppt. Larval shell sizes showed no
    significant differences between salinities, except for 10 ppt. Optimum culture condition for
    larvae growth are salinities ranging from 15 to 30 ppt whereby the larval of this species
    can tolerate wider range of salinity compared to other oyster species and thus, making it a
    competitive species to be cultured.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  2. Chang, Geraldine Olive Ju Lien, Lai, Ven Inn, Tan, Aileen Shau Hwai, Zulfigar Yasin
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2016;27(11):45-51.
    MyJurnal
    A small scale laboratory study was conducted to determine the effects of
    salinity ranging from 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 ppt on the filtration rates of juvenile
    oyster Crassostrea iredalei with 25 ppt as the control. Three juvenile oysters (shell weight:
    1.04 ± 0.12 g; shell length: 1.9 ± 0.2 cm; shell height: 1.9 ± 0.1 cm) were used to test the
    filtration rates in each salinity over the course of 8 hours. The hourly filtration rates were
    determined from the exponential decrease in algal (Chaetoceros calcitrans) concentration
    as a function of time. The oyster in 35 ppt salinity produced the highest overall filtration
    rate (FR2) with 134.06 ± 15.66 mL–1 hr–1 oyster–1 and the lowest overall filtration rate (FR2)
    occurred in oyster exposed to 15 ppt and 45 ppt with 31.30 ± 6.90 mL–1 hr–1 oyster–1 and
    32.11 ± 7.68 mL–1 hr–1 oyster–1
    respectively throughout the 8 hours. The result from this
    study can be useful for optimum oyster culturing and the oysters can be employed as a
    natural biofilter in marine polyculture farming.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  3. Henriksson PJG, Rico A, Troell M, Klinger DH, Buschmann AH, Saksida S, et al.
    Sustain Sci, 2018;13(4):1105-1120.
    PMID: 30147798 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-017-0511-8
    Global seafood provides almost 20% of all animal protein in diets, and aquaculture is, despite weakening trends, the fastest growing food sector worldwide. Recent increases in production have largely been achieved through intensification of existing farming systems, resulting in higher risks of disease outbreaks. This has led to increased use of antimicrobials (AMs) and consequent antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many farming sectors, which may compromise the treatment of bacterial infections in the aquaculture species itself and increase the risks of AMR in humans through zoonotic diseases or through the transfer of AMR genes to human bacteria. Multiple stakeholders have, as a result, criticized the aquaculture industry, resulting in consequent regulations in some countries. AM use in aquaculture differs from that in livestock farming due to aquaculture's greater diversity of species and farming systems, alternative means of AM application, and less consolidated farming practices in many regions. This, together with less research on AM use in aquaculture in general, suggests that large data gaps persist with regards to its overall use, breakdowns by species and system, and how AMs become distributed in, and impact on, the overall social-ecological systems in which they are embedded. This paper identifies the main factors (and challenges) behind application rates, which enables discussion of mitigation pathways. From a set of identified key mechanisms for AM usage, six proximate factors are identified: vulnerability to bacterial disease, AM access, disease diagnostic capacity, AMR, target markets and food safety regulations, and certification. Building upon these can enable local governments to reduce AM use through farmer training, spatial planning, assistance with disease identification, and stricter regulations. National governments and international organizations could, in turn, assist with disease-free juveniles and vaccines, enforce rigid monitoring of the quantity and quality of AMs used by farmers and the AM residues in the farmed species and in the environment, and promote measures to reduce potential human health risks associated with AMR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  4. Jahurul MH, Jinap S, Ang SJ, Abdul-Hamid A, Hajeb P, Lioe HN, et al.
    PMID: 20589547 DOI: 10.1080/19440041003801190
    The intake of heterocyclic amines is influenced by the amount and type of meat and fish ingested, frequency of consumption, cooking methods, cooking temperature, and duration of cooking. In this study, the dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in Malaysia and their main sources were investigated. Forty-two samples of meat and fish were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector to determine the concentration of the six predominant heterocyclic amines, namely: 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoline(MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (4,8-DiMeIQx), 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (7,8-DiMeIQx), and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Dietary intake data were obtained using a food-frequency questionnaire when interviewing 600 Malaysian respondents. The level of total heterocyclic amines in food samples studies ranged from not detected to 38.7 ng g(-1). The average daily intake level of heterocyclic amine was 553.7 ng per capita day(-1). The intake of PhIP was the highest, followed by MeIQx and MeIQ. The results reveal that fried and grilled chicken were the major dietary source of heterocyclic amines in Malaysia. However, the heterocyclic amine intake by the Malaysian population was lower than those reported from other regions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/analysis*
  5. Tahir D, Shariff M, Syukri F, Yusoff FM
    Vet World, 2018 Mar;11(3):327-331.
    PMID: 29657425 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.327-331
    Background and Aim: Brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is a premium marine food fish with high demand in Asia. In fish, stress due to environmental changes such as fluctuations in the salinity can result in increased cortisol level. Stress in fish increases susceptibility to diseases ultimately resulting in death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the salinity tolerance of E. fuscoguttatus and their survival in lower salinities.

    Materials and Methods: In this study, grouper juveniles (92.43±standard error of the mean 0.51 mm) maintained in 31 ppt seawater were transferred into five tanks with seawater diluted to 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ppt. The salinity of the control group was not changed and was maintained at 31 ppt. Serum cortisol was measured using ELISA at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after the fish were transferred to the different concentrations of salinity.

    Results: The survival percentage was recorded for 14 days following the transfer and the results revealed that serum cortisol of fish in a high change in salinity (15, 10, and 5 ppt) was significantly higher than the control group immediately after exposure. At the high salinity change, the cortisol levels gradually decrease at 30 min and 60 min, until no difference in cortisol concentration was observed at 120 min. No mortality was observed in fish exposed to low salinity change (25 and 20 ppt) while in higher salinity change (5 ppt), the survival percentage was 50%.

    Conclusion: The study revealed that the serum cortisol concentration was high initially and continues to decrease to resting cortisol level at 120 min indicating that cortisol hormone is released following acute stress as a primary response in grouper juveniles.

    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  6. Shanmuga Sundara Raj S, Fun HK, Zhang J, Xiong RG, You XZ
    Acta Crystallogr C, 2000 Jun 1;56(Pt 6):E274-5.
    PMID: 15263128
    In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(10)N(4), the pyridine ring makes a dihedral angle of 1.12 (9) degrees with the mean plane of the complete almost planar and crystallographically centrosymmetric molecule. There are stacks of parallel molecules along the a-axis direction, with alternate stacks having a herring-bone arrangement relative to each other and an interplanar spacing of 3.551 A.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  7. Nadhiya A, Khandaker MU, Mahmud S, Yarima MH
    Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2019 Oct 01;184(3-4):302-306.
    PMID: 31034553 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz085
    Recognising the consumption of tuna fish as a major foodstuff in Maldivian diet, the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in Yellowfin and Skipjack tuna are determined by using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry to evaluate the health hazards to Maldivians. The samples were collected from different atolls of Maldives adjacent to the coastal waters of Indian Ocean. The activity concentrations (Bq kg-1) in Yellowfin tuna for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are in the ranges of 4.2 ± 1.8-10.5 ± 1.1, 1.3 ± 0.3-3.2 ± 0.7 and 589 ± 29-697 ± 34, respectively while in Skipjack tuna the respective ranges are 3.9 ± 0.5-13.2 ± 1.1, 1.3 ± 0.3-2.7 ± 0.6 and 511 ± 28-681 ± 35. The committed effective dose (mean 263 μSv y-1) received by an individual due to the dietary intake of Yellowfin tuna falling below the UNSCEAR referenced global internal dose limit of 290 μSv y-1; while for Skipjack tuna, the estimated dose (mean 365 μSv y-1) exceeds the world average limiting value. The carcinogenic risk was found to be well below the ICRP referenced acceptable limit of 2.5 × 10-3. The present study indicates that the radiation dose to Maldivian via the consumption of Yellowfin tuna poses an insignificant threat to the public health. However, prolonged consumption of Skipjack tuna fish from the studied areas may pose a cumulative risk to the public health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/analysis*
  8. Ngah CW, Yahya MA
    Food Chem, 2012 Oct 15;134(4):2406-10.
    PMID: 23442702 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.032
    The microwave digestion method was developed and verified for the determination of arsenic in shrimp paste samples. Experimental design for five factors (HNO(3) and H(2)O(2) volumes, sample weight, microwave power and digestion time) were used for the optimisation of sample digestion. For this purpose, two level half factorial design, which involves 16 experiments, was adopted. The concentration of arsenic was analysed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Design Expert® 7.0 software was used to interpret all data obtained. The combination of 2 mL HNO(3) and 1 mL H(2)O(2) volumes, 0.1g sample weight, 1400 W power and 5 min digestion time was found to be the optimum parameters required to digest the shrimp paste samples. Tests with spiked samples presented good recoveries with relative standard deviations between 0.32% and 5.35%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/analysis*
  9. Lim SY, Loo KW, Wong WL
    Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins, 2020 09;12(3):906-917.
    PMID: 31773414 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09616-8
    The outbreak of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused great economic losses to the shrimp culture sector. However, the use of antibiotics to fight this disease has resulted in negative impacts on human health and the environment. Thus, the use of natural alternatives to antibiotics may be a better solution. In this study, four Bacillus species obtained from the guts of shrimps (Fenneropenaeus penicillatus and Penaeus monodon) showed antimicrobial activity against the AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 3HP using the cross-streaking and agar spot methods. Two of the Bacillus isolates, B2 and BT, also showed good probiotic properties, exhibiting tolerance to bile, good adhesion to shrimp mucus, non-hemolytic, susceptibility to antibiotics and being safe towards hosts. Moreover, a seaweed-probiotic blend (a combination of Bacillus B2 and 20 mg/ml of the red seaweed Gracilaria sp.) exhibited synergistic in vitro inhibition against V. parahaemolyticus strain 3HP, with an observed inhibition zone of 5.0 mm. The broth co-culture experiment results further indicated that the seaweed-probiotic blend inhibited V. parahaemolyticus through competitive exclusion. The in vivo challenge trials also confirmed that this seaweed-probiotic blend significantly reduced the mortality of shrimps post-challenge with the AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strain 3HP (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control (mortality rate = 13.88% vs 72.19%). Thus, this seaweed-probiotic blend may serve as an alternative to antibiotics in controlling the outbreak of AHPND.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/microbiology*
  10. Karthick Rajan D, Ravichandran S, Venmathi Maran BA
    J Parasit Dis, 2018 Sep;42(3):458-461.
    PMID: 30166796 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-018-1013-z
    Parasitic copepods infect a large number of fishes. In particular, the family Caligidae (Crustacea) comprises more than 450 species worldwide, some of which are harmful to cultured and wild fishes. Recently, we found a parasitic copepod on the host swordfish Xiphias gladius (Xiphidae) in the coastal waters of Parangipettai, southeast coast of India. It was identified as Gloiopotes huttoni by its morphological features, and it belongs to the family Caligidae (order Siphonostomatoida). The swordfish was highly infected with about 72 caligids on a single host. Both male and female forms of G. huttoni were colonized on the beak of the swordfish and distributed mostly along the upper and lower jaws of the host, with 42 and 30 copepod parasites, respectively. Most of the copepods were ovigerous, and more females than males were recorded. It is the first record of the occurrence of G. huttoni in India.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  11. Padmakumar V, Premkala Raveendran K, Abdulla AM, Ganapathy S, Sainudeen S, Nasim VS, et al.
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2019 May;11(Suppl 2):S397-S401.
    PMID: 31198376 DOI: 10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_44_19
    Background: Mercury is a naturally occurring metal that exists in three forms: elemental (metallic), inorganic, and organic mercury. Amalgam, which is an alloy of inorganic mercury, is used as a restorative material in dentistry. Organic mercury gets ingested in the body mainly by the consumption of seafood. Mercury is also stated to cause various adverse health effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, dermatitis, muscle weakness, and neurological disorders. In recent years, the use of amalgam has become a controversy stating the various adverse effects of mercury. Hence, the study was conducted to determine and compare the variation in levels of organic and inorganic mercury in fish-eating children before and after placement of amalgam restoration.

    Materials and Methods: Seventy-five subjects, 42 males (56%) and 35 females (44%) of age group ranging 7-13 years, living in South Canara district of Karnataka, India, were selected as a part of the study. Hair and urine samples were collected for estimation of organic and inorganic levels of mercury, respectively. Informed consent was collected from all the participating subjects.

    Results: On comparison between organic and inorganic mercury levels during the study period, the concentration of organic mercury in hair samples was greater irrespective of amalgam restorations present (1.172 and 0.085, respectively; P < 0.001).

    Conclusion: Thus inorganic levels of mercury do not seem to pose a threat as much as the organic levels observed in hair, which remain fairly constant for a longer period of time. Hence in a coastal region where this study was undertaken and fish being a staple food, the risk could probably be attributed to more of an organic toxicity than an inorganic one. Thus amalgam is relatively safe to be practiced and the controversy against it should be reevaluated.

    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  12. Abigail Li Yen Lew, Nurzafirah Mazlan, Siti Marwanis Anua, Thung Tze Young
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The outbreaks of foodborne diseases have been linked to the consumption of contaminated seafood. This research aims to screen the bacteria from the sea cucumbers Acaudina molpadioides collected from Pulau Langkawi. Methods: A total of 22 sea cucumber samples were collected randomly from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. The samples were isolated and identified for the presence of bacteria using the conventional culture-based method. Presumptive bacteria colonies were subjected to various biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Results: There were no bacterial growth in Hektoen Enteric (HE) agar and Thiosulphate-Citrate-Bile Salt (TCBS) agar. Positive samples were isolated from MacConkey (MAC) agar with 6 samples were Staphylococcus spp. (27.27%), 14 samples were Proteus spp. (63.63%) and 2 samples were Bacillus spp. (9.01%). Among these isolates, highest resistance was found against Ampicillin (45%) followed by Tetracycline (40%). Conclusion: The results indicate that the sea cucumbers Acaudina molpadioides were contaminated with potential bacteria. There is a need for adequate consumer protection measures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  13. Paydar M, Thong KL
    J Food Prot, 2013 Oct;76(10):1797-800.
    PMID: 24112583 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-141
    Vibrio vulnificus is a highly invasive human pathogen that exists naturally in estuarine environment and coastal waters. In this study, we used different PCR assays to detect V. vulnificus in 260 seafood and 80 seawater samples. V. vulnificus was present in about 34 (13%) of the 260 seafood samples and 18 (23%) of the 80 seawater samples. Repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) were applied to subtype the V. vulnificus isolates. Twenty-five REP profiles and 45 ERIC profiles were observed, and the isolates were categorized into 9 and 10 distinct clusters at the similarity of 80%, by REP-PCR and ERIC-PCR, respectively. ERIC-PCR is more discriminative than REP-PCR in subtyping V. vulnificus, demonstrating high genetic diversity among the isolates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/microbiology*
  14. Bogard JR, Farook S, Marks GC, Waid J, Belton B, Ali M, et al.
    PLoS One, 2017;12(4):e0175098.
    PMID: 28384232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175098
    Malnutrition is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century, with one in three people in the world malnourished, combined with poor diets being the leading cause of the global burden of disease. Fish is an under-recognised and undervalued source of micronutrients, which could play a more significant role in addressing this global challenge. With rising pressures on capture fisheries, demand is increasingly being met from aquaculture. However, aquaculture systems are designed to maximise productivity, with little consideration for nutritional quality of fish produced. A global shift away from diverse capture species towards consumption of few farmed species, has implications for diet quality that are yet to be fully explored. Bangladesh provides a useful case study of this transition, as fish is the most important animal-source food in diets, and is increasingly supplied from aquaculture. We conducted a temporal analysis of fish consumption and nutrient intakes from fish in Bangladesh, using nationally representative household expenditure surveys from 1991, 2000 and 2010 (n = 25,425 households), combined with detailed species-level nutrient composition data. Fish consumption increased by 30% from 1991-2010. Consumption of non-farmed species declined by 33% over this period, compensated (in terms of quantity) by large increases in consumption of farmed species. Despite increased total fish consumption, there were significant decreases in iron and calcium intakes from fish (P<0.01); and no significant change in intakes of zinc, vitamin A and vitamin B12 from fish, reflecting lower overall nutritional quality of fish available for consumption over time. Our results challenge the conventional narrative that increases in food supply lead to improvements in diet and nutrition. As aquaculture becomes an increasingly important food source, it must embrace a nutrition-sensitive approach, moving beyond maximising productivity to also consider nutritional quality. Doing so will optimise the complementary role that aquaculture and capture fisheries play in improving nutrition and health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood*
  15. Golden CD, Koehn JZ, Shepon A, Passarelli S, Free CM, Viana DF, et al.
    Nature, 2021 Oct;598(7880):315-320.
    PMID: 34526720 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03917-1
    Despite contributing to healthy diets for billions of people, aquatic foods are often undervalued as a nutritional solution because their diversity is often reduced to the protein and energy value of a single food type ('seafood' or 'fish')1-4. Here we create a cohesive model that unites terrestrial foods with nearly 3,000 taxa of aquatic foods to understand the future impact of aquatic foods on human nutrition. We project two plausible futures to 2030: a baseline scenario with moderate growth in aquatic animal-source food (AASF) production, and a high-production scenario with a 15-million-tonne increased supply of AASFs over the business-as-usual scenario in 2030, driven largely by investment and innovation in aquaculture production. By comparing changes in AASF consumption between the scenarios, we elucidate geographic and demographic vulnerabilities and estimate health impacts from diet-related causes. Globally, we find that a high-production scenario will decrease AASF prices by 26% and increase their consumption, thereby reducing the consumption of red and processed meats that can lead to diet-related non-communicable diseases5,6 while also preventing approximately 166 million cases of inadequate micronutrient intake. This finding provides a broad evidentiary basis for policy makers and development stakeholders to capitalize on the potential of aquatic foods to reduce food and nutrition insecurity and tackle malnutrition in all its forms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/analysis; Seafood/classification*
  16. Low KH, Zain SM, Abas MR, Md Salleh K, Teo YY
    Food Chem, 2015 Jun 15;177:390-6.
    PMID: 25660902 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.059
    The trace metal concentrations in edible muscle of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) sampled from a former tin mining pool, concrete tank and earthen pond in Jelebu were analysed with microwave assisted digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results were compared with established legal limits and the daily ingestion exposures simulated using the Monte Carlo algorithm for potential health risks. Among the metals investigated, arsenic was found to be the key contaminant, which may have arisen from the use of formulated feeding pellets. Although the risks of toxicity associated with consumption of red tilapia from the sites investigated were found to be within the tolerable range, the preliminary probabilistic estimation of As cancer risk shows that the 95th percentile risk level surpassed the benchmark level of 10(-5). In general, the probabilistic health risks associated with ingestion of red tilapia can be ranked as follows: former tin mining pool > concrete tank > earthen pond.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/analysis*
  17. Mohammadi P, Taghavi E, Foong SY, Rajaei A, Amiri H, de Tender C, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Jul 01;242(Pt 2):124841.
    PMID: 37182628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124841
    Depending on its physicochemical properties and antibacterial activities, chitosan can have a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, and aquaculture. In this experimental study, chitosan was extracted from shrimp waste through conventional extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and conventional extraction under microwave process conditions. The effects of the heating source on the physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity were investigated. The results showed that the heating process parameters affected the physicochemical properties considerably. The conventional procedure yielded high molecular weight chitosan with a 12.7 % yield, while the microwave extraction procedure yielded a porous medium molecular weight chitosan at 11.8 %. The conventional extraction under microwave process conditions led to medium molecular weight chitosan with the lowest yield (10.8 %) and crystallinity index (79 %). Antibacterial assessment findings revealed that the chitosan extracted using the conventional method had the best antibacterial activity in the agar disk diffusion assay against Listeria monocytogenes (9.48 mm), Escherichia coli. (8.79 mm), and Salmonella Typhimurium (8.57 mm). While the chitosan obtained by microwave-assisted extraction possessed the highest activity against E. coli. (8.37 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (8.05 mm), with comparable antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium (7.34 mm) and L. monocytogenes (6.52 mm). Moreover, the minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration assays demonstrated that among the chitosan samples investigated, the conventionally-extracted chitosan, followed by the chitosan extracted by microwave, had the best antibacterial activity against the target bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
  18. Dao HV, Uesugi A, Uchida H, Watanabe R, Matsushima R, Lim ZF, et al.
    Toxins (Basel), 2021 09 15;13(9).
    PMID: 34564661 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090657
    In the coastal countries of Southeast Asia, fish is a staple diet and certain fish species are food delicacies to local populations or commercially important to individual communities. Although there have been several suspected cases of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) in Southeast Asian countries, few have been confirmed by ciguatoxins identification, resulting in limited information for the correct diagnosis of this food-borne disease. In the present study, ciguatoxin-1B (CTX-1B) in red snapper (Lutjanus bohar) implicated in a CFP case in Sabah, Malaysia, in December 2017 was determined by single-quadrupole selected ion monitoring (SIM) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Continuous consumption of the toxic fish likely resulted in CFP, even when the toxin concentration in the fish consumed was low. The identification of the fish species was performed using the molecular characterization of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene marker, with a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Lutjanus. This is the first report identifying the causative toxin in fish-implicated CFP in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood/classification; Seafood/toxicity*
  19. Begum S, Yuhana NY, Md Saleh N, Kamarudin NHN, Sulong AB
    Carbohydr Polym, 2021 May 01;259:117613.
    PMID: 33673980 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117613
    A large amount of wastewater is typically discharged into water bodies and has extremely harmful effects to aquatic environments. The removal of heavy metals from water bodies is necessary for the safe consumption of water and human activities. The demand for seafood has considerably increased, and millions of tons of crustacean waste are discarded every year. These waste products are rich in a natural biopolymer known as chitin. The deacetylated form of chitin, chitosan, has attracted attention as an adsorbent. It is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer that can be modified and converted to various derivatives. This review paper focuses on relevant literature on strategies for chemically modifying the biopolymer and its use in the removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater. The different aspects of chitosan-based derivatives and their preparation and application are elucidated. A list of chitosan-based composites, along with their adsorptivity and experimental conditions, are compiled.
    Matched MeSH terms: Seafood
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