Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 420 in total

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  1. Kinzie JD, Bolton JM
    Am J Psychiatry, 1973 Jul;130(7):769-73.
    PMID: 4712728
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  2. Teoh JI, Soewondo S, Sidharta M
    Psychiatry, 1975 Aug;38(3):258-68.
    PMID: 1197502
    This paper discusses the prevalence and characteristics of epidemic hysteria among predominantly rural Malay schools in Malaysia. An illustrative episode in a Malay residential girls' school is described, and contributory factors to this outbreak are elaborated. An attempt is made to analyze the complex interweaving of psychological, religious, cultural, and sociological factors in the precipitation of the outbreak.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  3. Pillay RP
    Med J Malaysia, 1976 Sep;31(1):5-9.
    PMID: 1023013
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  4. Carr JE, Tan EK
    Am J Psychiatry, 1976 Nov;133(11):1295-9.
    PMID: 984220
    In an attempt to discover how the phenomenon of amok is viewed within its indigenous culture, the authors studied and interviewed 21 subjects in West Malaysia who were labeled as amok. This investigation showed that both the subjects and the Malay culture view amok as psychopathology, that amok cases are disposed of in line with this view, and that the behavior of the amok person conforms to social expectations of the phenomenon. Despite cultural proscriptions, however, the act is purposive and motivated and is subtly sanctioned by Malay society.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  5. Chisholm JS, Woodson RH, da Costa Woodson EM
    Early Hum Dev, 1978 Jul;2(2):171-8.
    PMID: 720272
    The neonatal period is being recognized as an important period for the development of patterns of interaction between mother and infant, and infant state has been shown to have a significant impact on mother--infant interactions. A major dimension of infant state, with implications for this interaction and for the development of later behaviour disorders, is the infant's irritability. Research with Navajo, Malay, Chinese and Tamil mothers and infants showed that normal variation in maternal blood pressure during pregnancy was related to newborn irritability as assessed with the Brazelton Scale. This relationship is discussed in terms of possible underlying mechanisms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications
  6. Carr JE
    Cult Med Psychiatry, 1978 Sep;2(3):269-93.
    PMID: 710174
    The phenomenon of amok is reviewed in order to demonstrate the heuristic value of an ethno-behavioral model of culture-bound syndromes. The notion that culture-bound syndromes share underlying common disease forms is rejected. Instead, the ethno-behavioral model postulates that culture-bound syndromes consist of culturally specific behavioral repertoires legitimated by culturally sanctioned norms and concepts, but with both behavior and norms acquired in accordance with basic principles of human learning universal to all cultures. Consistent with this model, amok is shown to be a common behavioral pathway for multiple precipitants (which may or may not include disease pathology), but with a distinct form and conceptualization which can be traced to the social learning practices and beliefs of the Malay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  7. Yaacob HB, Ling BC
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Jun;36(2):83-6.
    PMID: 7343824
    Fifty patients with temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome were examined. Seventy-eight percent and 32 percent were female and male respectively. The white collar workers were more frequently affected. Emotional stress, dental malocclusion and a history of trauma were the main causes. Treatment consists of reassurance, relaxed jaw movements and exercises, anxiolytic drugs, thermotherapy, biting appliance, occlusal adjustments and restoration oflost dental units.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications
  8. Abdul HO
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 1986;2:129-139.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  9. Chen PC
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1987 Jan;16(1):110-4.
    PMID: 3592576
    Consequent to rapidly declining mortality and birth rates, developing countries, including Malaysia, can expect a rapid increase in the population aged 60 years and above. The health of the elderly is intimately tied up with both biophysical as well as psychosocial factors which include status loss, loneliness, fear of illness and death, poverty, harmful life-styles and deterioration of the quality of life. The effects of these psychosocial factors can manifest as sleep difficulties, worry and anxiety, depression, loss of interest, and a feeling of tiredness. In extreme cases, there may be auditory or visual hallucinations or paranoia. In the present paper, which is based upon a WHO sponsored study of 1001 elderly Malaysians, it is noted that 36% of the elderly have sleep difficulties, 47% "feel tired", 31% have a "loss of interest" and 22% are "worried tense". However 71% of the elderly are able to correctly perform at least 12 of 15 cognitive tests. 20% of elderly men smoke 15 or more cigarettes a day while 44% smoke at least one cigarette a day. 40% of elderly men indicate that their families complain about the amount of alcohol they drink. Undoubtedly primary health care programmes need to be re-oriented to the problems and needs of the elderly in countries such as Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/physiopathology*
  10. Loke KH
    Family Practitioner, 1987;10:31-33.
    Child abuse is as age-old problem which involves physical, emotional and sexual abuse and also the unauthorised administration of drugs to children. The problem does not arise from just a single cause or factor but is multifactorial. One big area is the presence of social situational stresses prior to or during the episodes of abuse. The author has carried out a retrospective study of twenty cases of child abuse investigated by the Department of Social Welfare, Kuala Lumpur from December 1979 to January 1980. This paper describes part of the findings, namely the social situational stresses. The findings are found to be similar to those of other studies, both local and abroad.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  11. Adityanjee, Zain AM, Subramaniam M
    Psychopathology, 1991;24(1):49-52.
    PMID: 2023985 DOI: 10.1159/000284697
    A case of Koro is described in a Malaysian Chinese man in the setting of martial dysharmony and sexual rejection. A distinction is suggested between the epidemic form of Koro and the Koro symptom occurring sporadically. Existence of the sporadic Koro syndrome is discussed and a unified classificatory system is proposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications
  12. Chin CN, S'ng KH
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):175-7.
    PMID: 7565190
    A 52-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of episodic retraction of his tongue into the throat with a belief that he will die if the retraction is complete. The presentation is similar to koro except that the tongue is involved instead of the penis. It appears that retraction taxon can involve other organs and may not necessarily be culture bound.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications
  13. Normalina M, Zainal M, Alias D
    Med J Malaysia, 1998 Dec;53(4):439-41.
    PMID: 10971992
    Central serous choroidopathy is a spontaneous serous detachment of the sensory retina, usually affecting adults between 20 to 50 years of age but is also found in patients older than 60 years of age. This disease usually affects males with a male to female ratio of 8-10 to 1. Many aetiological or associated factors have been described. Here we report a 39-year-old pregnant lady presented with left central serous chorioretinopathy preceded by an unusual emotional disturbance. She was not given any photocoagulative treatment to avoid possible photocoagulative complications. Post delivery, she presented with resolution of the CSC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications*
  14. Ong LC, Afifah I, Sofiah A, Lye MS
    Ann Trop Paediatr, 1998 Dec;18(4):301-7.
    PMID: 9924586 DOI: 10.1080/02724936.1998.11747964
    A hospital study was carried out to compare parenting stress among 87 Malaysian mothers of children with cerebral palsy and a control group (comprising 87 mothers of children without disability who attended the walk-in paediatric clinic), using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine socio-demographic and medical factors associated with child-domain stress (CDS) and parent-domain stress (PDS). Mothers of children with cerebral palsy scored significantly higher than control subjects on all sub-scales of CDS and PDS (p < 0.01), except for the sub-scale of 'role restriction'. The presence of cerebral palsy (p < 0.001) and activities of daily living (ADL) scores (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with CDS. Factors predictive of PDS were ADL scores (p < 0.001), number of hospitalizations over the past year (p = 0.024), level of maternal education (p = 0.018) and Chinese mothers (p < 0.001). Although this study demonstrated that Malaysian mothers of children with cerebral palsy experienced higher levels of stress than controls, the impact of cerebral palsy per se on parenting stress was modified by other factors such as increased care-giving demands, low maternal education and ethnic background. Habilitation should be directed at easing the burden of daily care, minimizing hospital re-admissions and targeting appropriate psychosocial support at specific subgroups to change parental perception and expectations.
    Study site: neurology clinics or physiotherapy department or inpatients, Paediatric Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/epidemiology*
  15. Ferraro KF, Su Y
    J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 1999 Jan;54(1):S3-15.
    PMID: 9934397
    OBJECTIVES: This article examines how financial strain and social relations may independently and jointly influence psychological distress among older people in four nations.

    METHODS: Data from four Western Pacific nations (N = 3,277) are used to test additive and multiplicative models of the relationships between financial strain, social relations, and psychological distress.

    RESULTS: Financial strain is associated with higher levels of psychological distress in three of the four nations. Interactive models of the effects of financial strain and social relations on distress were uncovered in three of the four nations, but the type of social relation influencing the strain-distress relationship varied. Subjective-health and IADLs were significant predictors of psychological distress in all four nations.

    DISCUSSION: Findings suggest that although financial strain is quite likely to lead to psychological distress among elders, this can be mitigated, at least in part, by social relationships. Modernization was not associated with higher psychological distress.

    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/etiology*
  16. Boey CC, Yap SB
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Jun;35(3):303-5.
    PMID: 10404456
    OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of complaints of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) among school children aged 11-12 years in a rural setting in Malaysia.

    METHODOLOGY: Questionnaires were distributed to all parents and teachers of children aged 11-12 years who attended a small rural school in which all the children were Malays. Complaints of RAP were defined as at least three such complaints occurring over a period of at least 3 months.

    RESULTS: One hundred and sixty questionnaires were distributed, of which 148 were returned, giving a response rate of 92.5%. Sixty-one children (41.2%) had RAP. Approximately 45.2% of girls and 35.9% of boys reported having RAP. Compared with children without RAP, there was a significantly larger number of children with RAP (85.2%) who had at least one stress factor (P = 0.0109). There were no significant associations between RAP and total family income (P = 0.0573), a history of abdominal pain in at least one parent (P = 0.1686), a history of abdominal pain in at least one sibling (P = 0.0617), academic performance (P = 0.9967) or the degree of sports participation (P = 0.8469). There was an increased incidence of other systemic complaints in children with RAP when compared with children without RAP.

    CONCLUSION: Recurrent abdominal pain was found to be common among 11- to 12-year-old children in a rural Malay school. There was a significant association found between RAP and the presence of stressful events, as well as with the presence of other systemic complaints.

    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/complications
  17. Ong LC, Chandran V, Peng R
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Aug;35(4):358-362.
    PMID: 28871653 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.1999.00383.x
    OBJECTIVE: To compare parenting stress among Malaysian mothers of children with mental retardation and a control group, and to determine factors associated with stress.
    METHODOLOGY: Seventy-five mothers of children with mental retardation aged 4-12 years and 75 controls (those without disabilities who attended the walk-in paediatric clinic) participated in the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Intelligence quotient (IQ) and Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) scores, together with sociodemographic data, were entered into a multiple stepwise regression analysis, using the PSI as the criterion.
    RESULTS: Mothers of children with mental retardation scored significantly higher than control subjects in both the child-related domain (difference between means 26.1, 95% confidence interval 19.6-32.5) and parent-related domain (difference between means 15.0, 95% confidence interval 7.9-22.1) of the PSI. The total child behaviour scores from the CBCL (P < 0.01), IQ scores (P < 0.01) and sibship size (P < 0.01) were associated with child-related domain scores. For the parent-related domain, CBCL (P < 0.01) and IQ scores (P = 0.01) remained important factors but Chinese ethnicity (P < 0.01) and maternal unemployment (P < 0.01) were also significant predictors of stress.
    CONCLUSION: A large proportion of mothers of children with mental retardation experienced substantial parenting stress, especially Chinese and unemployed mothers, and this warrants appropriate intervention.
    Study site: Outpatient clinic, Paediatric Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological*
  18. Zulkifli I, Che Norma MT, Chong CH, Loh TC
    Poult Sci, 2000 Mar;79(3):402-6.
    PMID: 10735209
    Stress and fear responses were evaluated in broiler chicks that were pretreated for 24 h with 0 ppm (control) or 1,200 ppm of L-ascorbic acid (AA) in their drinking water. The birds were subsequently subjected to either upright handling (UH) or inverted (IH) handling for about 45 s. Heterophil (H) counts, lymphocyte (L) counts, and H/L ratios (H/L) ratios were determined immediately (T0) and at 20 h (T20) following the handling treatment. The H/L ratios were similar for both groups at T0, whereas 20 h after the handling treatment, AA-supplemented birds had lower ratios than controls, resulting in a significant water treatment x time of blood sampling interaction. Inverted handling had negligible effect on H/L ratios but augmented tonic immobility (TI) durations as compared with UH. Irrespective of handling procedure, supplemental AA reduced underlying fearfulness, as measured by TI reaction. Neither water treatment nor handling method had significant effect on number of attempts to induce TI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  19. Wu ZH, Rudkin L
    Gerontologist, 2000 Apr;40(2):228-34.
    PMID: 10820926
    We tested the applicability of the stress buffering hypothesis in a developing country setting with data from the Senior Sample of the Malaysian Family Life Survey-2. Using ordered logistic regression methods, we examined whether having daily contact with adult children moderates the effect of low socioeconomic status (SES; conceptualized as a chronic stressor) on self-assessed health status. We found that low SES is associated with poorer health for all three ethnic groups--Malay, Chinese, and Indian. Further, for Malays and Chinese, we found that the negative effects of low SES on health tend to be stronger for older people with less frequent contact with adult children than for those who have daily contact. These results provide general support for the buffering model and suggest that, as found in developed countries, active intergenerational relationships in developing country settings may have protective effects on the health of older people experiencing chronic stressors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological
  20. Nwe KH, Norhazlina AW, Hamid A, Morat PB, Khalid BA
    Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes, 2000;108(5):369-77.
    PMID: 10989957
    The effects of stress and corticosterone on testicular 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) oxidative activity have been controversial, whilst that of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) have not been investigated before. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine the in vivo effects of stress due to injection and sham operation, ACTH and corticosterone on testicular and hepatic 11beta-HSD oxidative activity and plasma testosterone levels in normal and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats and their possible mechanism of actions. Adrenalectomy reduced both testicular 11beta-HSD oxidative activity and plasma testosterone levels. The effects of injection and sham operation significantly increased plasma corticosterone levels with decreased testicular 11beta-HSD oxidative activity and plasma testosterone levels in normal but not in ADX rats. Likewise. ACTH or corticosterone treatment for 7 days decreased both testicular 11beta-HSD oxidative activity in a dose dependent manner and plasma testosterone levels in normal rats; but the values in ADX rats remained unchanged. However, none of the above values were significantly lower than that of the ADX levels. Corticosterone seems to maintain testicular 11beta-HSD oxidative activity within the range between normal and ADX rats. These changes are not attributable to diurnal rhythms, as the time of sacrifice has been fixed between 8:30 and 10:30 am. In the liver, no significant change in 11beta-HSD oxidative activity was observed with sham operation, ACTH or corticosterone treatment; but adrenalectomy significantly decreased it. In conclusion, in the intact normal rats, stress, ACTH or corticosterone modulates testicular (but not hepatic) 11beta-HSD oxidative activity indirectly through the adrenal glands and the physiological level of corticosterone is ideal for normal reproductive functions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/enzymology*
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