Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 243 in total

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  1. Evidence for Delivery of Abraxane via a Denatured-Albumin Transport System
    Hama M, Ishima Y, Chuang VTG, Ando H, Shimizu T, Ishida T
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2021 May 05;13(17):19736-19744.
    PMID: 33881292 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03065
    Abraxane, an albumin-bound paclitaxel nanoparticle formulation, is superior to conventional paclitaxel preparations because it has better efficacy against unresectable pancreatic cancer. Previous reports suggest that this better efficacy of Abraxane than conventional paclitaxel preparation is probably due to its transport through Gp60, an albumin receptor on the surface of vascular endothelial cells. The increased tumor accumulation of Abraxane is also caused by the secreted protein acid and rich in cysteine in the tumor stroma. However, the uptake mechanism of Abraxane remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the delivery of Abraxane occurred via different receptor pathways from that of endogenous albumin. Our results showed that the uptake of endogenous albumin was inhibited by a Gp60 pathway inhibitor in the process of endocytosis through endothelial cells or tumor cells. In contrast, the uptake of Abraxane-derived HSA was less affected by the Gp60 pathway inhibitor but significantly reduced by denatured albumin receptor inhibitors. In conclusion, these data indicate that Abraxane-derived HSA was taken up into endothelial cells or tumor cells by a mechanism different from normal endogenous albumin. These new data on distinct cellular transport pathways of denatured albumin via gp family proteins different from those of innate albumin shed light on the mechanisms of tumor delivery and antitumor activity of Abraxane and provide new scientific rationale for the development of a novel albumin drug delivery strategy via a denatured albumin receptor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stromal Cells/metabolism
  2. Incorporation of Human-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Encapsulated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres into 3D CORAGRAF Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
    Mohan S, Raghavendran HB, Karunanithi P, Murali MR, Naveen SV, Talebian S, et al.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017 Mar 22;9(11):9291-9303.
    PMID: 28266827 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13422
    Tissue engineering aims to generate or facilitate regrowth or healing of damaged tissues by applying a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive signaling molecules. In this regard, growth factors clearly play important roles in regulating cellular fate. However, uncontrolled release of growth factors has been demonstrated to produce severe side effects on the surrounding tissues. In this study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) incorporated three-dimensional (3D) CORAGRAF scaffolds were engineered to achieve controlled release of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) for the differentiation of stem cells within the 3D polymer network. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and microtomography were applied to characterize the fabricated scaffolds. In vitro study revealed that the CORAGRAF-PLGA-PDGF-BB scaffold system enhanced the release of PDGF-BB for the regulation of cell behavior. Stromal cell attachment, viability, release of osteogenic differentiation markers such as osteocalcin, and upregulation of osteogenic gene expression exhibited positive response. Overall, the developed scaffold system was noted to support rapid cell expansion and differentiation of stromal cells into osteogenic cells in vitro for bone tissue engineering applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  3. Fulltext Ex-vivo differentiation of stem cells from human extracted deciduous teeth into bone forming cells
    Fazliah, S.N., Jaafar, S., Shamsuddin, S., Zainudin, Z., Hilmi, A.B., Razila, A.R., et al.
    ASM Science Journal, 2010;4(1):1-14.
    MyJurnal
    Stem cells from human extracted deciduous teeth (SHED) have the ability to multiply much faster and double their population in culture at a greater rate, indicating that it may be in a more immature state than other type of adult stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from human primary molars were isolated and cultured in media supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum. The MSCs were confirmed using CD 105 and CD 166 and the identification of the osteoblast cells were done using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Differentiated osteoblast cells (DOC) were characterized by alkaline phosphotase and von Kossa staining followed by immunocytochemistry staining using osteocalcin and osteonectin antibodies. Further validation of SHED was done by RT-PCR to detect the presence of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) and discoidin domain tyrosine kinase-2 (DDTK-2) transcripts, while the presence of Runx-2 mRNA was used to characterize DOC. The results showed that SHED was found positive for CD 105 and CD 166 and could differentiate into osteoblast, bone forming cells. The findings revealed the presence of distinct MSC population which had the capability to generate living human cells that could be a possible source for tissue engineering in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  4. Application of Ti3 C2 MXene Quantum Dots for Immunomodulation and Regenerative Medicine
    Rafieerad A, Yan W, Sequiera GL, Sareen N, Abu-El-Rub E, Moudgil M, et al.
    Adv Healthc Mater, 2019 08;8(16):e1900569.
    PMID: 31265217 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900569
    Inflammation is tightly linked to tissue injury. In regenerative medicine, immune activation plays a key role in rejection of transplanted stem cells and reduces the efficacy of stem cell therapies. Next-generation smart biomaterials are reported to possess multiple biologic properties for tissue repair. Here, the first use of 0D titanium carbide (Ti3 C2 ) MXene quantum dots (MQDs) for immunomodulation is presented with the goal of enhancing material-based tissue repair after injury. MQDs possess intrinsic immunomodulatory properties and selectively reduce activation of human CD4+ IFN-γ+ T-lymphocytes (control 87.1 ± 2.0%, MQDs 68.3 ± 5.4%) while promoting expansion of immunosuppressive CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells (control 5.5 ± 0.7%, MQDs 8.5 ± 0.8%) in a stimulated lymphocyte population. Furthermore, MQDs are biocompatible with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived fibroblasts. Finally, Ti3 C2 MQDs are incorporated into a chitosan-based hydrogel to create a 3D platform with enhanced physicochemical properties for stem cell delivery and tissue repair. This composite hydrogel demonstrates increased conductivity while maintaining injectability and thermosensitivity. These findings suggest that this new class of biomaterials may help bridge the translational gap in material and stem cell-based therapies for tissue repair and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism
  5. Fulltext Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Miniature Joint System for Disease Modeling and Drug Testing
    Li Z, Lin Z, Liu S, Yagi H, Zhang X, Yocum L, et al.
    Adv Sci (Weinh), 2022 Jul;9(21):e2105909.
    PMID: 35436042 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105909
    Diseases of the knee joint such as osteoarthritis (OA) affect all joint elements. An in vitro human cell-derived microphysiological system capable of simulating intraarticular tissue crosstalk is desirable for studying etiologies/pathogenesis of joint diseases and testing potential therapeutics. Herein, a human mesenchymal stem cell-derived miniature joint system (miniJoint) is generated, in which engineered osteochondral complex, synovial-like fibrous tissue, and adipose tissue are integrated into a microfluidics-enabled bioreactor. This novel design facilitates different tissues communicating while still maintaining their respective phenotypes. The miniJoint exhibits physiologically relevant changes when exposed to interleukin-1β mediated inflammation, which are similar to observations in joint diseases in humans. The potential of the miniJoint in predicting in vivo efficacy of drug treatment is confirmed by testing the "therapeutic effect" of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, naproxen, as well as four other potential disease-modifying OA drugs. The data demonstrate that the miniJoint recapitulates complex tissue interactions, thus providing a robust organ chip model for the study of joint pathology and the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
  6. Collagen-coated polylactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) seeded with neural-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells as a potential nerve conduit
    Sulong AF, Hassan NH, Hwei NM, Lokanathan Y, Naicker AS, Abdullah S, et al.
    Adv Clin Exp Med, 2014 May-Jun;23(3):353-62.
    PMID: 24979505
    Autologous nerve grafts to bridge nerve gaps pose various drawbacks. Nerve tissue engineering to promote nerve regeneration using artificial neural conduits has emerged as a promising alternative.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/physiology*
  7. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Growth and Migration of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cells
    Zakaria N, Yahaya BH
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2020;1292:83-95.
    PMID: 31916234 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_464
    INTRODUCTION: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in cancer therapy as vehicles to deliver therapeutic materials such as drugs, apoptosis inducers and cytokines due to their ability to migrate and home at the tumour site. Furthermore, MSCs have been genetically engineered to produce anticancer molecules such as TRAIL that can induce apoptosis of cancer cells. However, MSCs' presence in the tumour microenvironment has shown to be involved in promoting tumour growth and progression. Therefore, the roles of MSCs either promoting or suppressing tumorigenesis need to be investigated.

    METHODS: Human adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) and A549 cells are co-cultured together in indirect co-culture system using Transwell insert. Following co-culture, both cells were analysed in terms of growth rate, migration ability, apoptosis and gene expression for genes involved in migration and stemness characteristics.

    RESULTS: The result shows that Ad-MSCs promoted the growth of A549 cells when indirectly co-cultured for 48 and 72 h. Furthermore, Ad-MSCs significantly enhanced the migration rate of A549 cells. The increased in migration rate was in parallel with the significant increase of MMP9. There are no significant changes observed in the expression of TWIST2, CDH2 and CDH1, genes involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Ad-MSCs also protect A549 cancer cells from undergoing apoptosis and increase the survival of cancer cells.

    CONCLUSION: Secretion of soluble factors from Ad-MSCs has been shown to promote the growth and metastatic characteristics of A549 cancer cells. Therefore, the use of Ad-MSCs in cancer therapy needs to be carefully evaluated in the long-term aspect.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/pathology*
  8. Acute Lung Injury: Disease Modelling and the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells
    Lian J, Lin J, Zakaria N, Yahaya BH
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2020;1298:149-166.
    PMID: 32424492 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_538
    Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality that usually results in the development of multiple organ dysfunction. The complex pathophysiology of ALI seems to provide a wide range of targets that offer numerous therapeutic options. However, despite extensive studies of ALI pathophysiology and treatment, no effective pharmacotherapy is available. Increasing evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies supports the preventive and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating ALI. As cell-based therapy poses the risk of occlusion in microvasculature or unregulated growth, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been extensively studied as a new therapeutic strategy for non-cell based therapy. It is widely accepted that the therapeutic properties of MSCs are derived from soluble factors with paracrine or endocrine effects, and EVs are among the most important paracrine or endocrine vehicles that can deliver various soluble factors with a similar phenotype as the parent cell. Therapeutic effects of MSCs have been reported for various delivery approaches, diverse doses, multiple origins, and different times of administration, and MSC-EVs treatment may include but is not limited to these choices. The mechanisms by which MSCs and MSC-EVs may contribute to ALI treatment remain elusive and need further exploration. This review provides an overview of preclinical studies that support the application of MSC-EVs for treating ALI, and it discusses emerging opportunities and their associated challenges.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  9. Biobanking of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Future Strategy to Facilitate Clinical Applications
    Yong KW, Choi JR, Wan Safwani WK
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2016;951:99-110.
    PMID: 27837557
    Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a type of adult stem cells that hold great potential in clinical applications (e.g., regenerative medicine and cell-based therapy) due to their ability to differentiate into multiple types of specialized cells and secrete soluble factors which can initiate tissue repair and regulate immune response. hMSCs need to be expanded in vitro or cryopreserved to obtain sufficient cell numbers required for clinical applications. However, long-term in vitro culture-expanded hMSCs may raise some biosafety concerns (e.g., chromosomal abnormality and malignant transformation) and compromised functional properties, limiting their use in clinical applications. To avoid those adverse effects, it is essential to cryopreserve hMSCs at early passage and pool them for off-the-shelf use in clinical applications. However, the existing cryopreservation methods for hMSCs have some notable limitations. To address these limitations, several approaches have to be taken in order to produce healthy and efficacious cryopreserved hMSCs for clinical trials, which remains challenging to date. Therefore, a noteworthy amount of resources has been utilized in research in optimization of the cryopreservation methods, development of freezing devices, and formulation of cryopreservation media to ensure that hMSCs maintain their therapeutic characteristics without raising biosafety concerns following cryopreservation. Biobanking of hMSCs would be a crucial strategy to facilitate clinical applications in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/immunology
  10. Single-cell analysis on stromal fibroblasts in the microenvironment of solid tumours
    Musa M
    Adv Med Sci, 2020 Mar;65(1):163-169.
    PMID: 31972467 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2019.12.001
    Besides malignant cells, the tumour microenvironment consists of various stromal cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and myofibroblasts. Accumulation of heterogeneous populations of stromal cells in solid tumours is associated with lower survival rates and cancer recurrence in patients. Certain limitations presented by conventional experimental designs and techniques in cancer research have led to poor understanding of the fundamental basis of cancer niche. Recent developments in single-cell techniques allow more in-depth studies of the tumour microenvironment. Analyses at the single-cell level enables the detection of rare cell types, characterization of intra-tumour cellular heterogeneity and analysis of the lineage output of malignant cells. This subsequently, provides valuable insights on better diagnostic methods and treatment avenues for cancer. This review explores the recent advancements and applications of single-cell technologies in cancer research pertaining to the study of stromal fibroblasts in the microenvironment of solid tumours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stromal Cells/metabolism; Stromal Cells/pathology*
  11. Response to: 'Umbilical-cord messenchymal stem cells for the treatment of automimmune diseases: beware of cell to cell contact' by Alunno et al
    Lim TO, Deng D, Zhang P, Guo Y
    Ann Rheum Dis, 2018 03;77(3):e15.
    PMID: 28663307 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211808
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
  12. Fulltext Stem cells from childrens' teeth
    Mohd Hilmi, A.B., Fazliah, S.N., Siti Fadilah, A., Asma, H., Siti Razila, A.R., Shaharum, S., et al.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):29-31.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to isolate stem cells from dental pulp of primary molars and incisors to be used as possible source for tissue engineering. Human primary molars and incisors were collected from subjects aged 4-7 year-old under standardized procedures. Within 24 hours, the tooth was cut at the cemento-enamel junction using hard tissue material cutter. The dental pulp tissue was extracted, digested and then cultured in Alpha Modified Eagles's Medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 20% FCS, 100 mM L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, 200 mM L-glutamine and 5000 units/ml Penicillin/Streptomycin. The cells were observed daily under the microscope until confluence. Children's tooth pulp- derived progenitor cells were found positive for stem cell markers CD105 and CD166, which are consistent with the finding for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  13. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite/poly xylitol sebacic adibate/vitamin K nanocomposite for enhancing bone regeneration
    Dai Z, Dang M, Zhang W, Murugan S, Teh SW, Pan H
    Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2019 Dec;47(1):1898-1907.
    PMID: 31066314 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1573183
    Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a significant bone mineral that establishes bone strength. HAP composites in combination with biodegradable and bioactive polymer poly xylitol sebacic adipate (PXSA) would result in a constant release at target sites. Numerous studies have shown that vitamin K (VK) might possess a vital function in bone metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to inspect the synthesized composite HAP/PXSA/VK in developing polymeric biomaterials composite for the application of bone tissue regeneration. FTIR, X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM techniques were applied to characterize the prepared composites. The release of VK from the HAP/PXSA/VK composite was evidenced through UV-Vis spectroscopy. In vitro studies proved that the HAP/PXSA/VK composite is appropriate for mesenchymal stem cell culture. Compared to pure HAP prepared following the same method, HAP/PXSA/VK composite provided favourable microstructures and good biodegradation distinctiveness for the application of tissue engineering, as well as tissue in-growth characteristics and improved scaffold cell penetration. This work reveals that the HAP/PXSA/VK composites have the potential for applications in bone tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  14. Fulltext Proliferative activity of cells from remaining dental pulp in response to treatment with dental materials
    Lutfi AN, Kannan TP, Fazliah MN, Jamaruddin MA, Saidi J
    Aust Dent J, 2010 Mar;55(1):79-85.
    PMID: 20415916 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2009.01185.x
    The biological examination of pulp injury, repair events and response of dental pulp stem cells to dental restorative materials is important to accomplish restorative treatment, especially to commonly used dental materials in paediatric dentistry, such as glass ionomer cement (GIC) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)) lining cement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/pathology
  15. Fulltext Carica papaya induces in vitro thrombopoietic cytokines secretion by mesenchymal stem cells and haematopoietic cells
    Aziz J, Abu Kassim NL, Abu Kasim NH, Haque N, Rahman MT
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2015;15:215.
    PMID: 26152209 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0749-6
    Use of Carica papaya leaf extracts, reported to improve thrombocyte counts in dengue patients, demands further analysis on the underlying mechanism of its thrombopoietic cytokines induction
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism
  16. Fulltext Decoding the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into mesangial cells at the transcriptomic level
    Wong CY, Chang YM, Tsai YS, Ng WV, Cheong SK, Chang TY, et al.
    BMC Genomics, 2020 Jul 07;21(1):467.
    PMID: 32635896 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06868-5
    BACKGROUND: Mesangial cells play an important role in the glomerulus to provide mechanical support and maintaine efficient ultrafiltration of renal plasma. Loss of mesangial cells due to pathologic conditions may lead to impaired renal function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can differentiate into many cell types, including mesangial cells. However transcriptomic profiling during MSC differentiation into mesangial cells had not been studied yet. The aim of this study is to examine the pattern of transcriptomic changes during MSC differentiation into mesangial cells, to understand the involvement of transcription factor (TF) along the differentiation process, and finally to elucidate the relationship among TF-TF and TF-key gene or biomarkers during the differentiation of MSC into mesangial cells.

    RESULTS: Several ascending and descending monotonic key genes were identified by Monotonic Feature Selector. The identified descending monotonic key genes are related to stemness or regulation of cell cycle while ascending monotonic key genes are associated with the functions of mesangial cells. The TFs were arranged in a co-expression network in order of time by Time-Ordered Gene Co-expression Network (TO-GCN) analysis. TO-GCN analysis can classify the differentiation process into three stages: differentiation preparation, differentiation initiation and maturation. Furthermore, it can also explore TF-TF-key genes regulatory relationships in the muscle contraction process.

    CONCLUSIONS: A systematic analysis for transcriptomic profiling of MSC differentiation into mesangial cells has been established. Key genes or biomarkers, TFs and pathways involved in differentiation of MSC-mesangial cells have been identified and the related biological implications have been discussed. Finally, we further elucidated for the first time the three main stages of mesangial cell differentiation, and the regulatory relationships between TF-TF-key genes involved in the muscle contraction process. Through this study, we have increased fundamental understanding of the gene transcripts during the differentiation of MSC into mesangial cells.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism*
  17. Fulltext IGF-1 enhances cell proliferation and survival during early differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to neural progenitor-like cells
    Huat TJ, Khan AA, Pati S, Mustafa Z, Abdullah JM, Jaafar H
    BMC Neurosci, 2014;15:91.
    PMID: 25047045 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-15-91
    There has been increasing interest recently in the plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their potential to differentiate into neural lineages. To unravel the roles and effects of different growth factors in the differentiation of MSCs into neural lineages, we have differentiated MSCs into neural lineages using different combinations of growth factors. Based on previous studies of the roles of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in neural stem cell isolation in the laboratory, we hypothesized that IGF-1 can enhance proliferation and reduce apoptosis in neural progenitor-like cells (NPCs) during differentiation of MSCs into NCPs.We induced MSCs differentiation under four different combinations of growth factors: (A) EGF + bFGF, (B) EGF + bFGF + IGF-1, (C) EGF + bFGF + LIF, (D) EGF + bFGF + BDNF, and (E) without growth factors, as a negative control. The neurospheres formed were characterized by immunofluorescence staining against nestin, and the expression was measured by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also studied by MTS and Annexin V assay, respectively, at three different time intervals (24 hr, 3 days, and 5 days). The neurospheres formed in the four groups were then terminally differentiated into neuron and glial cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/physiology*
  18. Fulltext Repair of segmental load-bearing bone defect by autologous mesenchymal stem cells and plasma-derived fibrin impregnated ceramic block results in early recovery of limb function
    Ng MH, Duski S, Tan KK, Yusof MR, Low KC, Rose IM, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:345910.
    PMID: 25165699 DOI: 10.1155/2014/345910
    Calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes have not been used to repair load-bearing bone defects due to their weak mechanical property. In this study, we reevaluated the functional outcomes of combining ceramic block with osteogenic-induced mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma (TEB) to repair critical-sized segmental tibial defect. Comparisons were made with fresh marrow-impregnated ceramic block (MIC) and partially demineralized allogeneic bone block (ALLO). Six New Zealand White female rabbits were used in each study group and three rabbits with no implants were used as negative controls. By Day 90, 4/6 rabbits in TEB group and 2/6 in ALLO and MIC groups resumed normal gait pattern. Union was achieved significantly faster in TEB group with a radiological score of 4.50 ± 0.78 versus ALLO (1.06 ± 0.32), MIC (1.28 ± 0.24), and negative controls (0). Histologically, TEB group scored the highest percentage of new bone (82% ± 5.1%) compared to ALLO (5% ± 2.5%) and MIC (26% ± 5.2%). Biomechanically, TEB-treated tibiae achieved the highest compressive strength (43.50 ± 12.72 MPa) compared to those treated with ALLO (15.15 ± 3.57 MPa) and MIC (23.28 ± 6.14 MPa). In conclusion, TEB can repair critical-sized segmental load-bearing bone defects and restore limb function.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/chemistry*
  19. Purification of human adipose-derived stem cells from fat tissues using PLGA/silk screen hybrid membranes
    Chen DC, Chen LY, Ling QD, Wu MH, Wang CT, Suresh Kumar S, et al.
    Biomaterials, 2014 May;35(14):4278-87.
    PMID: 24565521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.004
    The purification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) from human adipose tissue cells (stromal vascular fraction) was investigated using membrane filtration through poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)/silk screen hybrid membranes. Membrane filtration methods are attractive in regenerative medicine because they reduce the time required to purify hADSCs (i.e., less than 30 min) compared with conventional culture methods, which require 5-12 days. hADSCs expressing the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD44, CD73, and CD90 were concentrated in the permeation solution from the hybrid membranes. Expression of the surface markers CD44, CD73, and CD99 on the cells in the permeation solution from the hybrid membranes, which were obtained using 18 mL of feed solution containing 50 × 10⁴ cells, was statistically significantly higher than that of the primary adipose tissue cells, indicating that the hADSCs can be purified in the permeation solution by the membrane filtration method. Cells expressing the stem cell-associated marker CD34 could be successfully isolated in the permeation solution, whereas CD34⁺ cells could not be purified by the conventional culture method. The hADSCs in the permeation solution demonstrated a superior capacity for osteogenic differentiation based on their alkali phosphatase activity, their osterix gene expression, and the results of mineralization analysis by Alizarin Red S and von Kossa staining compared with the cells from the suspension of human adipose tissue. These results suggest that the hADSCs capable of osteogenic differentiation preferentially permeate through the hybrid membranes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stromal Cells/drug effects; Stromal Cells/metabolism; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism
  20. Long term mesenchymal stem cell culture on a defined synthetic substrate with enzyme free passaging
    Duffy CR, Zhang R, How SE, Lilienkampf A, De Sousa PA, Bradley M
    Biomaterials, 2014 Jul;35(23):5998-6005.
    PMID: 24780167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.013
    Mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) are currently the focus of numerous therapeutic approaches in tissue engineering/repair because of their wide multi-lineage potential and their ability to modulate the immune system response following transplantation. Culturing these cells, while maintaining their multipotency in vitro, currently relies on biological substrates such as gelatin, collagen and fibronectin. In addition, harvesting cells from these substrates requires enzymatic or chemical treatment, a process that will remove a multitude of cellular surface proteins, clearly an undesirable process if cells are to be used therapeutically. Herein, we applied a high-throughput 'hydrogel microarray' screening approach to identify thermo-modulatable substrates which can support hES-MP and ADMSC growth, permit gentle reagent free passaging, whilst maintaining multi-lineage potential. In summary, the hydrogel substrate identified, poly(AEtMA-Cl-co-DEAA) cross-linked with MBA, permitted MSCs to be maintained over 10 passages (each time via thermo-modulation), with the cells retaining expression of MSC associated markers and lineage potency. This chemically defined system allowed the passaging and maintenance of cellular phenotype of this clinically important cell type, in the absence of harsh passaging and the need for biological substrates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/physiology*
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