Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 116 in total

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  1. Bisexual feelings and opposite-sex behavior in male Malaysian medical students
    Buhrich N, Armstrong MS, McConaghy N
    Arch Sex Behav, 1982 Oct;11(5):387-93.
    PMID: 7181646
    The sexual identity of 65 Malaysian male medical students was investigated by anonymous questionnaire. Of these students, 40% were aware of homosexual feelings prior to age 15 years, and 16% were so aware currently. There were correlations between current homosexual feelings and feminine sex dimorphic behavior during childhood and between current homosexual feelings and feminine gender identity. The results are discussed in light of results of a similar questionnaire completed by 138 male medical students in Sydney, Australia.
    Study site: National University of Malaysia (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology
  2. Fulltext Psychoneurotic profiles of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia medical students
    Kassim K, Kyaw O
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Dec;41(4):331-5.
    PMID: 3670156
    The Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (later known as The Crown - Crisp Experiential Index) was used on medical students of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. It was found that Year II medical students scored the highest; the female students scored higher than male students in all classes. The female students were more anxious, phobic, obsessional, hypochondriacal and depressive than male students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  3. Fulltext Career choice of final-year female medical students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
    Shahabuddin SH
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Dec;41(4):327-30.
    PMID: 3670155
    In recent years, female enrollment into medical faculties almost all over the world has increased tremendously. In the UKM, female medical students constitute 47.6% of the total enrollment for 1985; in the first year, they form 61.1% of the medical class. Once accepted, a woman has an equal if not better chance of graduation. However, it is during the later years of the career of female doctors that cause most concern because it has been shown that fewer women than men acquire additional qualifications. In view of their increasing enrollment, career aspirations of female doctors will have an important impact on the health services. A survey was conducted among 149 final-year medical students in 1985. This study revealed that irrespective of sex, the majority of medical students do wish to pursue postgraduate education. However, of those who do not wish to undergo further training, the majority are female students. The pattern of choice of speciality also differs in that females do not choose surgical-based disciplines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  4. Fulltext Smoking behaviour, knowledge and opinion of medical students
    Wong ML, Chen PC
    Med J Malaysia, 1989 Dec;44(4):317-23.
    PMID: 2520041
    On the basis of a questionnaire on smoking behaviour, knowledge and attitudes administered to medical students in the University of Malaya in July 1987, the prevalence of smoking was found to be low (10%) among medical students. Smokers and non-smokers were equally well informed about common smoking complications. Most students, irrespective of smoking status, felt that they would as future doctors, often advise sick smokers against smoking. In contrast, less than half would do so for healthy smokers who do not themselves raise the question of smoking. The students' personal smoking behaviour also influenced their view of their professional role. Appropriate values, attitudes and a preventive approach towards smoking need to be further developed in the medical students' thinking and behaviour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  5. Influence of context and preferred learning environments: approaches to studying physiology
    Tan CM, Thanaraj K
    Med Educ, 1993 Mar;27(2):143-59.
    PMID: 8336561
    One hundred and twenty-eight medical students who had experienced a traditional-style preclinical curriculum completed three self-report questionnaires. Using factor analysis of students' responses this study explores interactions between study orientation, preferences for different kinds of learning environment, and evaluations of the physiology course. Such interactions can provide insight into the reasons why students fail to adopt effective learning strategies. Although many students had the intention to understand, they did not adopt a deep approach. Achievement motivation was strong, test anxiety high, and the course was perceived to be competitive. The meaning orientation merged with the achieving orientation; students were thus performance rather than task oriented. These students perceived the course to have been challenging, as did students within the reproducing orientation and who had 'surface' preferences. Students within the non-academic orientation had difficulty coping with the course. The findings suggest that conventional teaching and assessment methods are preventing students from developing appropriate criteria and internal standards for evaluating performance. An illusion of comprehension may prevent students from seeing the need to adopt more effective learning strategies and cause 'good' students with the ability to adopt a deep approach to abort the pursuit of deep understanding. Students' preferences and evaluations of teaching and assessment indicate that students within the different learning orientations have different educational needs. The implications for instruction and evaluation are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  6. Fulltext The problem student on clinical rotations: a comparison of Malaysian and North American views
    Hunt DD, Khalid BA, Shahabudin SH, Rogayah J
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Sep;49(3):275-81.
    PMID: 7845279
    The purpose of this study is to explore the types of problem students that clinical teachers encounter in clinical settings. A questionnaire developed by the Association of American Medical Colleges that lists a variety of types of problem students was completed by 466 clinicians at the University of Washington School of Medicine (UWSOM) and 98 Malaysian clinicians from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). In addition, 120 medical students from UKM completed a slightly modified version of this questionnaire. Both the faculty and student questionnaires asked the respondent to identify the frequency of a given problem type. The faculty was also asked to estimate how difficult it was to evaluate a specific problem. In general, there was strong agreement among the North American and Malaysian faculty on the frequency and difficulty of the 24 types of problem students listed. There were some notable differences, such as Malaysian teachers perceiving the "shy" student more frequently than their North American counterparts who rated the student with deficits in knowledge more frequently. However, the overall similarity in the rankings suggest that clinical teachers face similar types of problems, independent of cultural differences and institutional differences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  7. Smoking behavior, knowledge and opinion of medical students
    Yaacob I, Abdullah ZA
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1994;7(2):88-91.
    PMID: 7946655 DOI: 10.1177/101053959400700202
    A questionnaire survey on smoking was conducted among 395 medical students (40% males, 60% females) at the School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia at Kubang Kerian, Kelantan. Thirty-five students (9%), all of them males, were current smokers. Twenty-eight percent of the smokers smoked more than ten cigarettes per day and 88% began smoking before entering the medical school. Social influence and cigarette advertisements were the main reasons given for starting smoking. Both smokers and nonsmokers were adequately informed of the common adverse effects of smoking. Ninety percent of smokers had tried to give up smoking but failed. Among the ex-smokers and nonsmokers, the main reasons given for not smoking was that smoking was useless. Among the female students, one-third felt that cigarette smoking was socially unacceptable among females. This was one of the three main reasons for not smoking. Very few of the students (4.6%) considered that doctors' advice would play an important role in smoking prevention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  8. Personality and performance of preclinical medical students
    Peng R, Khaw HH, Edariah AB
    Med Educ, 1995 Jul;29(4):283-8.
    PMID: 8594392
    This study deals with personality variables of medical students in relation to their academic success in the preclinical stage. One hundred and one students completed the 16PF Questionnaire at the beginning of their medical course and the scores were analysed in relation to their marks obtained at the end of the 2-year preclinical stage. This study shows that the 16PF Questionnaire can be a useful instrument for identifying personality variables in candidates who are likely to have academic problems and those who are likely to do well in the preclinical stage of a medical course. Students of urban origin and the eldest in the family performed better in their preclinical years. Performance was not related to sex, ethnic group, family size of entrance qualification into medicine. Personality variables of being enthusiastic, venturesome, self-opinionated, imaginative, experimenting, resourceful and driven correlate positively with performance, whereas being self-assured has negative correlation. Problem students were more reserved, emotionally less stable and more apprehensive than non-problem students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  9. Medical school entrance and career plans of Malaysian medical students
    Razali SM
    Med Educ, 1996 Nov;30(6):418-23.
    PMID: 9217903
    This study investigates the reasons for entry to medicine and the career perspectives of phase III medical students of the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The majority of the students were Malays from low socio-economic backgrounds who entered medical school after completing a 2-year matriculation course. An interest in medicine and helping people were the two main stated reasons for entry to medical school. A group of students wishing to work in private practice was identified. In comparison to the rest of the study body, students in the group were: not well prepared to enter medical school; dissatisfied with the course; and subject to family influences. A desire for monetary gain motivated their choice of medicine as a career. Overall, 13% of the students wished to change career because they were dissatisfied with their experience of medicine as undergraduates. The study did not find a significant difference in career intentions between female and male medical students. However, women were less likely to seek entrance into private practice or pursue formal postgraduate education. The choice of surgery as a career was confined to men. About 90% of the students had already decided on their future specialty. Four well-established specialties were their most popular choices. The gender of the students had no significant influences of the decision to continue into postgraduate education. The proportion of female students who wished to marry doctors was significantly higher than for male students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology
  10. Clinical experience of medical students in a developing country
    Malik AS, Quah BS
    Educ Health (Abingdon), 2003 Jul;16(2):163-75.
    PMID: 14741902
    OBJECTIVE: This paper compares the clinical experience in acute conditions of the undergraduate students of a medical school from a developing country (Malaysia) with those from a developed country (UK).
    METHODS: This study was conducted at the School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Through questionnaire survey enquiry was made about 27 acute medical conditions (i.e. conditions related to internal medicine, paediatrics, and psychiatry), 15 acute surgical conditions (i.e. conditions related to general surgery, orthopaedics, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, gynaecology and obstetrics), 15 surgical operations and 26 practical procedures. The results obtained were compared with published data from the UK.
    RESULTS: Acute medical conditions were seen by higher number of the USM students but with less frequency than the British students. The USM students saw practical procedures more frequently than the British students did, but almost an equal number performed these procedures independently. The British students attended surgical operations more frequently than the USM students did.
    CONCLUSION: Given the limitations of comparison (epidemiological, cultural and geographical differences, conventional curriculum (in the British medical schools) vs. problem based learning curriculum (in the Malaysian medical school)) the overall clinical experience of the medical students in the USM and the UK was comparable. The USM students had more opportunities to observe cases and procedures but "hands on" experience was similar to that of the British students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  11. Doctors and patients: gender interaction in the consultation
    Zaharias G, Piterman L, Liddell M
    Acad Med, 2004 Feb;79(2):148-55.
    PMID: 14744716
    BACKGROUND: Much research on gender differences in medicine has centered on women as better communicators, more egalitarian, more patient-centered, and more involved with psychosocial problems, preventive care, and female-specific problems. Hardly any research has examined the interaction between the doctor's gender and the patient's gender. The authors examined students' perceptions and comfort levels regarding patients' gender during consultation.

    METHOD: This cross-sectional study used a questionnaire to survey final-year medical students at one school in 1999. It tested students' patient-centeredness, "patient-care" values, and degree of comfort in performing certain intimate physical examinations.

    RESULTS: Women students were more patient-centered than were men students. Both genders were more attuned to the concerns of patients of their own gender, were more comfortable with personal rather than sexual issues, and were more uncomfortable with performing more intimate examinations upon the opposite gender. Using comparable case studies, it was also shown that the female student-female patient dyad had significantly greater "patient-care" values than did the male student-male patient dyad.

    CONCLUSION: Medical students did not behave in a gender-neutral way in the consultation. There is a powerful interaction between a student's gender and a patient's gender. This warrants further investigation in the real clinical situation because it has implications on the outcomes of the consultation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  12. Problem-based learning: an educational strategy for interactive learning: experience from Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Salam A
    Med Teach, 2004 May;26(3):279.
    PMID: 15203509
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  13. Fulltext Psychological stress among undergraduate medical students
    Sherina MS, Rampal L, Kaneson N
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Jun;59(2):207-11.
    PMID: 15559171 MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological stress among medical students and to identify its symptoms and association with depression. A cross-sectional study design was used. Three-hundred and ninety-six medical students at a university in Malaysia were included in the study. Tools similar to the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to screen for psychological stress and depression, respectively. 41.9% of the medical students were found to have psychological stress, which was significantly associated with depression (chi2=4.636, df=1, p<0.05). Psychological stress is common among medical students and is associated with depression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  14. Fulltext Response of undergraduate medical students to SARS
    Loh LC, Ali AM, Ang TH, Chelliah A
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Aug;59(3):431-2.
    PMID: 15727395
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  15. Fulltext Lay beliefs about smoking in Kelantan, Malaysia
    Jackson AA, Manan WA, Gani AS, Carter YH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2004 Sep;35(3):756-63.
    PMID: 15689100
    Studies have shown that smokers rationalize smoking by self-exempting beliefs. This study explored lay beliefs about smoking in Kelantan, Malaysia, using focus groups among outpatients, medical students and staff, and a questionnaire survey of 193 male smokers. In focus groups, patients said they could do something to make smoking safe. When asked, 'Do you think there are any safe ways to smoke?' 132/193 (68%) male smokers described at least one way. The commonest were 'drink water' (69/193, 36%), 'use a filter' (60/193, 31%), 'smoke after food' (27/193, 14%), and 'take sour fruit' (21/193, 11%). At three- or six-month follow-up, numbers agreeing with these beliefs were: for 'drink water' 67/115 (58%), for 'take sour fruit' 61/115 (53%), and for 'smoke after food' 38/115 (33%), with 88/115 (77%) supporting at least one. The main explanations for water were that it cleaned or moistened the lungs or throat. Sour fruit was described as cleaning, and sometimes as 'sharp', able to scrape out the essence of cigarettes. The conclusion is that self-exempting false beliefs about smoking are widespread, and here they probably represent an extension of the traditional humoral system. Anti-smoking campaigns and health workers in smoking cessation services should address these beliefs.
    Study site: outpatients clinic (Klinik Perubatan Masyarakat, KPM), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology
  16. Fulltext Attitudes of medical students towards euthanasia in a multicultural setting
    Adchalingam K, Kong WH, Zakiah MA, Zaini M, Wong YL, Lang CC
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):46-9.
    PMID: 16250279
    A cross-sectional survey of 400 medical students of multicultural backgrounds at the University of Malaya was conducted to understand their attitudes towards euthanasia and factors related to medical decisions and ethical reasoning concerning the prolongation of life, the right to die and euthanasia. The student respondents completed self-administered questionnaires that comprised of twelve questions with multiple stems addressing personal perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and decisions about euthanasia and the relief of suffering. The majority of respondents (52%) were for the withdrawal of active therapy in a patient suffering from a terminal painful disease while 48% of them were against it. Seventy-one percent of the students involved in the study were against the idea of active euthanasia i.e. the administration of a lethal injection. However, 27% of the respondents felt that there was a moral justification to assist patients to die. Thirty-two percent of the respondents favoured the legalization of euthanasia in Malaysia while 67% of them were strongly against it. The majority (61%) of respondents would not practice euthanasia as a doctor nor would they have performed on themselves if or when it became legal. The main issue surrounding euthanasia that concerned the respondents was the misuse of it by unethical practitioners and they felt that further debate on the matter was essential, both within the local and international communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  17. Fulltext Does clinical exposure to patients in medical school affect trainee doctors' attitudes towards mental disorders and patients?--A pilot study
    Tan SMK, Azmi MT, Reddy JP, Shaharom MH, Rosdinom R, Maniam T, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):328-37.
    PMID: 16379188
    Stigmatising attitudes towards mental illness may improve with clinical exposure during medical school training. Attitudes of 48 fourth year medical students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia were assessed before and after their compulsory attachment in Psychiatry, using the Attitude Towards Psychiatry-30 (ATP) and the Attitude towards Mental Illness (AMI) questionnaires. ATP scores improved significantly with training (104.8 and 114.4, pre- and post-attachment respectively) as did AMI scores (63.4 and 68.1 respectively). Both improvements were statistically significant. (ATP: z = 4.55, p < 0.0005) (AMI: z = 3.75, p < 0.0005). Attitudes towards mental illness appeared to have become more favourable with clinical training in psychiatry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  18. Fulltext Attitude towards rape: a comparative study among prospective physicians of Malaysia
    Sivagnanam G, Bairy KL, D'Souza U
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):286-93.
    PMID: 16379181 MyJurnal
    The global statistics reveal that at least one in every five women experiences rape or attempted rape during her lifetime. Rape myths encompass a set of (false) beliefs. Adolescents have high rates of rape victimization than other age groups. Rape myths among health care providers may have a negative influence on proper care of the victims. A total of 422 medical undergraduates of both sexes, studying at two Malaysian Institutes took part in the study. A validated questionnaire used in an earlier study was used for the present study, with a slight modification of scoring system. The age range of medical students was 17 to 34 years: mean +/- SD of men and women, were 20.6 +/- 2.1 and 20.3 +/- 2 respectively. Only about 19% of women and 11% of men had a very good positive attitude. Nearly 1/3 of women and 1/2 of men had a more negative attitude. On the whole the average total score of women was significantly higher (p=0.0004) than men. Nearly 50% of candidates with a village background carried more negative attitude. Violence against women is a significant public health problem. The major revelation of the present study is that only less than 20% of the medical undergraduates had a more positive attitude towards rape. Introduction of courses on 'sexual violence' in medical curriculum is likely to increase a) awareness, b) skills in management, c) in providing support and care for the victims and d) in implementing preventive actions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
  19. The Community Follow-up Project (CFUP)
    Mohd Sidik S, Azhar MZ, Mohd Yunus A, Azlan Hamzah SA
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60 Suppl D:54-7.
    PMID: 16315625
    The Community Follow-up Project (CFUP) is a project where medical students choose a hospital in-ward patient during their clinical ward-based attachments and follow-up this patient's progress after discharge from the hospital. The students do a series of home visits and also accompany their patients for some of their follow-ups at the hospital, government clinics, general practitioners' clinics and even to the palliative care or social welfare centres. The students assess the physical, psychological and social impact of the illness on the patient, family and community. By following their patients from the time their patients were in the hospital and back to their homes and community, the students are able to understand in depth the problems faced by patients, the importance of communication skills in educating patients on their illness and the importance of good communication between primary, secondary and tertiary care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology
  20. Portfolio as a learning tool: students' perspective
    Elango S, Jutti RC, Lee LK
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 2005 Sep;34(8):511-4.
    PMID: 16205830
    Portfolio writing is a method of encouraging reflective learning among professionals. Although portfolio-based learning is popular among educators, not many studies have been done to determine students' perceptions of portfolio as a learning tool. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 143 medical students to find out their perceptions of the portfolio as a learning tool. A majority of the students felt that the portfolio is a good learning tool. However, they also perceived that it is stressful and time-consuming to develop a proper portfolio. The study indicates that students need appropriate guidance from the academic staff for the system to succeed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*
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