Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 88 in total

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  1. Designing and in-vitro characterization of micelle forming amphiphilic PEGylated rapamycin nanocarriers for the treatment of gastric cancer
    Kumar PV, Lokesh BV
    Curr Drug Deliv, 2014;11(5):613-20.
    PMID: 25268676
    The present study aims to develop and explore the use of PEGylated rapamycin (RP-MPEG) micelles for the treatment of gastric cancer. RP-MPEG was synthesized and characterized by using IR, H(1) NMR and C(13) NMR. RP-MPEG was prepared in the form of micelles and characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta sizer, chromatographic analyses and photostability studies. The cytotoxicity studies of RP-MPEG micelles were conducted on specific CRL 1739 human gastric adenocarcinoma and CRL 1658 NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines. RP-MPEG micelles showed the particle size distribution of 125±0.26 nm with narrow size distribution (polydispersity index 0.127±0.01). The surface charge of RP-MPEG micelles was found to be -12.3 mV showing enhanced anticancer activity against the CRL 1739 human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines with an IC50 value of 1 mcg/ml.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  2. Development and characterization of lecithin stabilized glibenclamide nanocrystals for enhanced solubility and drug delivery
    Kumar BS, Saraswathi R, Kumar KV, Jha SK, Venkates DP, Dhanaraj SA
    Drug Deliv, 2014 May;21(3):173-84.
    PMID: 24102185 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.840690
    Novel LNCs (lipid nanocrystals) were developed with an aim to improve the solubility, stability and targeting efficiency of the model drug glibenclamide (GLB). PEG 20000, Tween 80 and soybean lecithin were used as polymer, surfactant and complexing agent, respectively. GLB nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by precipitation process and complexed using hot and cold melt technique. The LNCs were evaluated by drug loading, saturation solubility (SL), optical clarity, in vitro dissolution, solid state characterization, in vivo and stability analysis. LNCs exhibited a threefold increase in SL and a higher dissolution rate than GLB. The percentage dissolution efficiency was found to decrease with increase in PEG 20000. The average particle size was in the range of 155-842 nm and zeta potential values tend to increase after complexation. X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry results proved the crystallinity prevailed in the samples. Spherical shaped particles (<1000 nm) with a lipid coat on the surface were observed in scanning electron microscopy analysis. Fourier transform infrared results proved the absence of interaction between drug and polymer and stability study findings proved that LNCs were stable. In vivo study findings showed a decrease in drug concentration to pancreas in male Wistar rats. It can be concluded that LNCs are could offer enhanced solubility, dissolution rate and stability for poorly water soluble drugs. The targeting efficiency of LNCs was decreased and further membrane permeability studies ought to be carried out.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  3. Fulltext In vitro permeation and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of nanoscaled emulsions containing ibuprofen for topical delivery
    Abdullah GZ, Abdulkarim MF, Salman IM, Ameer OZ, Yam MF, Mutee AF, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2011;6:387-96.
    PMID: 21499428 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S14667
    As a topical delivery system, a nanoscaled emulsion is considered a good carrier of several active ingredients that convey several side effects upon oral administration, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  4. Fulltext Antimicrobial Polymers: The Potential Replacement of Existing Antibiotics?
    Kamaruzzaman NF, Tan LP, Hamdan RH, Choong SS, Wong WK, Gibson AJ, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Jun 04;20(11).
    PMID: 31167476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112747
    Antimicrobial resistance is now considered a major global challenge; compromising medical advancements and our ability to treat infectious disease. Increased antimicrobial resistance has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases worldwide. The lack of discovery of novel compounds from natural products or new classes of antimicrobials, encouraged us to recycle discontinued antimicrobials that were previously removed from routine use due to their toxicity, e.g., colistin. Since the discovery of new classes of compounds is extremely expensive and has very little success, one strategy to overcome this issue could be the application of synthetic compounds that possess antimicrobial activities. Polymers with innate antimicrobial properties or that have the ability to be conjugated with other antimicrobial compounds create the possibility for replacement of antimicrobials either for the direct application as medicine or implanted on medical devices to control infection. Here, we provide the latest update on research related to antimicrobial polymers in the context of ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens. We summarise polymer subgroups: compounds containing natural peptides, halogens, phosphor and sulfo derivatives and phenol and benzoic derivatives, organometalic polymers, metal nanoparticles incorporated into polymeric carriers, dendrimers and polymer-based guanidine. We intend to enhance understanding in the field and promote further work on the development of polymer based antimicrobial compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  5. Fulltext The preparation and evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying systems containing Swietenia oil and an examination of its anti-inflammatory effects
    Eid AM, El-Enshasy HA, Aziz R, Elmarzugi NA
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2014;9:4685-95.
    PMID: 25336948 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S66180
    There is an increasing trend among pharmaceutical industries to use natural bioactive materials as medicinal agents and to use new technologies such as self-nanoemulsifying systems. The solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs can be enhanced by self-nanoemulsifying systems. Swietenia oil is frequently used because of its antimicrobial, antimutagenic, and anticancer bioactive medical properties. This study was conducted to develop self-nanoemulsifying systems for Swietenia oil that will enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of the oil. The self-emulsifying systems developed for Swietenia oil in this study were constructed using ternary phase diagrams and contained the nonionic surfactants Labrasol(®), Tween 20, Capmul(®), and Labrafil(®). The effect of these surfactants on the formulation was examined. The mean droplet size of Swietenia oil as well as their distribution, appearance, viscosity, and spreading times were studied to find the optimum formula, which contained droplets that were less than 200 nm. The next step was to test the anti-inflammatory properties of the optimum formula using a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test. The results from this test were compared to the oil solution. Different oil/surfactants mixtures had various emulsification properties that were related to the size of their droplets. Tween 20 is a good surfactant to use in self-emulsifying systems because it produces droplets of nano-size. Mixtures of Capmul/Labrasol at a ratio of 2:1 and Labrafil/Tween 20 at a ratio of 1:2 were able to produce self-nanoemulsifying formulations containing Swietenia oil concentrations that ranged from 20%-50%. Nanoemulsion occurred when the size of the droplets fell below 200 nm with low size distribution (<0.3) after being gently mixed with water. It was found that the hydrophilic/lipophilic balance value affected the ternary phase diagram behavior of Swietenia oil and surfactants. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of Swietenia oil were greater in the self-nanoemulsifying systems than in the oil solution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  6. A Comparative Study of Cellular Uptake and Subcellular Localization of Doxorubicin Loaded in Self-Assemblies of Amphiphilic Copolymers with Pendant Dendron by MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells
    Viswanathan G, Hsu YH, Voon SH, Imae T, Siriviriyanun A, Lee HB, et al.
    Macromol Biosci, 2016 06;16(6):882-95.
    PMID: 26900760 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500435
    Previously synthesized amphiphilic diblock copolymers with pendant dendron moieties have been investigated for their potential use as drug carriers to improve the delivery of an anticancer drug to human breast cancer cells. Diblock copolymer (P71 D3 )-based micelles effectively encapsulate the doxorubicin (DOX) with a high drug-loading capacity (≈95%, 104 DOX molecules per micelle), which is approximately double the amount of drug loaded into the diblock copolymer (P296 D1 ) vesicles. DOX released from the resultant P71 D3 /DOX micelles is approximately 1.3-fold more abundant, at a tumoral acidic pH of 5.5 compared with a pH of 7.4. The P71 D3 /DOX micelles also enhance drug potency in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells due to their higher intracellular uptake, by approximately twofold, compared with the vesicular nanocarrier, and free DOX. Micellar nanocarriers are taken up by lysosomes via energy-dependent processes, followed by the release of DOX into the cytoplasm and subsequent translocation into the nucleus, where it exert its cytotoxic effect.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  7. Purification and characterisation of an F16L mutant of a thermostable lipase
    Ali MS, Yun CC, Chor AL, Rahman RN, Basri M, Salleh AB
    Protein J, 2012 Mar;31(3):229-37.
    PMID: 22350313 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-012-9395-8
    A mutant of the lipase from Geobacillus sp. strain T1 with a phenylalanine to leucine substitution at position 16 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21(De3)pLysS. The crude enzyme was purified by two-step affinity chromatography with a final recovery and specific activity of 47.4 and 6,315.8 U/mg, respectively. The molecular weight of the purified F16L lipase was approximately 43 kDa by 12% SDS-PAGE analysis. The F16L lipase was demonstrated to be a thermophilic enzyme due its optimum temperature at 70 °C and showed stability over a temperature range of 40-60 °C. The enzyme exhibited an optimum pH 7 in phosphate buffer and was relatively stable at an alkaline pH 8-9. Metal ions such as Ca(2+), Mn(2+), Na(+), and K(+) enhanced the lipase activity, but Mg(2+), Zn(2+), and Fe(2+) inhibited the lipase. All surfactants tested, including Tween 20, 40, 60, 80, Triton X-100, and SDS, significantly inhibited the lipolytic action of the lipase. A high hydrolytic rate was observed on long-chain natural oils and triglycerides, with a notable preference for olive oil (C18:1; natural oil) and triolein (C18:1; triglyceride). The F16L lipase was deduced to be a metalloenzyme because it was strongly inhibited by 5 mM EDTA. Moderate inhibition was observed in the presence of PMSF at a similar concentration, indicating that serine residues are involved in its catalytic action. Further, the activity was not impaired by water-miscible solvents, including methanol, ethanol, and acetone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  8. High level expression of Glomerella cingulata cutinase in dense cultures of Pichia pastoris grown under fed-batch conditions
    Seman WM, Bakar SA, Bukhari NA, Gaspar SM, Othman R, Nathan S, et al.
    J Biotechnol, 2014 Aug 20;184:219-28.
    PMID: 24910973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.05.034
    A Pichia pastoris transformant carrying the cutinase cDNA of Glomerella cingulata was over-expressed in a 5L bioreactor (2.0L working volume) under fed-batch conditions. Bioreactor experiments rely on varying selected parameters in repeated rounds of optimisation: here these included duration of induction, pH and temperature. Highest cell densities (320gL(-1) wet cell weight) with a cutinase production of 3800mgL(-1) and an activity of 434UmL(-1) were achieved 24h after induction with methanol in basal salt medium (at pH 5 and 28°C). Characterisation of the cutinase showed that it was stable between pH 6 and pH 11, had an optimum pH of 8.0 and retained activity for 30min at 50°C (optimum temperature 25°C).The preferred substrates of G. cingulata cutinase were the medium- to long-chain ρ-nitrophenyl esters of ρ-nitrophenylcaprylate (C8), ρ-nitrophenyllaurate (C12) and ρ-nitrophenylmyristate (C14), with the highest catalytic efficiency, kcat/Km of 7.7±0.7mM(-1)s(-1) for ρ-nitrophenylcaprylate. Microscopic analyses showed that the G. cingulata cutinase was also capable of depolymerising the high molecular weight synthetic polyester, polyethylene terephthalate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  9. Fulltext Purification and Characterization of Lipase Produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides Subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293 Using an Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS) Composed of Triton X-100 and Maltitol
    Eko Sukohidayat NH, Zarei M, Baharin BS, Manap MY
    Molecules, 2018 Jul 20;23(7).
    PMID: 30037038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071800
    Purification of lipase produced by L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293 was conducted for the first time using a novel aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) composed of Triton X-100 and maltitol. The partitioning of lipase was optimized according to several parameters including pH, temperature, and crude load. Results showed that lipase preferentially migrated to the Triton X-100 rich phase and optimum lipase partitioning was achieved in ATPS at TLL of 46.4% and crude load of 20% at 30 °C and pH 8, resulting in high lipase purification factor of 17.28 and yield of 94.7%. The purified lipase showed a prominent band on SDS-PAGE with an estimated molecular weight of 50 kDa. The lipase was stable at the temperature range of 30⁻60 °C and pH range of 6⁻11, however, it revealed its optimum activity at the temperature of 37 °C and pH 8. Moreover, lipase exhibited enhanced activity in the presence of non-ionic surfactants with increased activity up to 40%. Furthermore, results exhibited that metals ions such as Na⁺, Mg2+, K⁺ and Ca2+ stimulated lipase activity. This study demonstrated that this novel system could be potentially used as an alternative to traditional ATPS for the purification and recovery of enzymes since the purified lipase still possesses good process characteristics after undergoing the purification process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  10. Membrane-lytic actions of sulphonated methyl ester surfactants and implications to bactericidal effect and cytotoxicity
    Pan F, Li Z, Gong H, Petkov JT, Lu JR
    J Colloid Interface Sci, 2018 Dec 01;531:18-27.
    PMID: 30015167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.031
    Surfactants are multifunctional molecules widely used in personal care and healthcare formulations to cleanse, help disperse active ingredients (e.g., forming emulsions) and stabilise products. With increasing demands on improving biosafety, there is now mounting pressure to understand how different surfactants elicit toxicities at molecular and cellular levels. This work reports the membrane-lytic behaviour of a group of sulphonated methyl ester (SME) surfactants together with representative conventional surfactants. All surfactants displayed the clear rise of lysis of the model lipid bilayer membranes around their CMCs, but the two ionic surfactants SDS and C12TAB even caused measurable lysis below their CMCs, with membrane-lytic actions increasing with monomer concentration. Furthermore, whilst ionic and nonionic surfactants could achieve full membrane lysis once above their CMCs, this ability was weak from the SME surfactants and decreased with increasing the acyl chain length. In contrast to the conventional anionic surfactants such as SDS and SLES, the protein solubilizing capability of the SME surfactants was also low. On the other hand, MTT assays against 3T3 fibroblast cells and human chondrocyte cells revealed high toxicity from SDS and C12TAB against the other surfactants studied, but the difference between SME and the rest of conventional surfactants was small. Similar behaviour was also observed in their bactericidal effect against E. coli and S. aureus. The trend is broadly consistent with their membrane-lytic behaviour, indicating little selectivity in their cytotoxicity and bactericidal action. These results thus reveal different toxicities implicated from different surfactant head groups. Increase in acyl chain length as observed from SME surfactants could help improve surfactant biocompatibility.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  11. Fulltext Optimization of nanoemulsion containing gemcitabine and evaluation of its cytotoxicity towards human fetal lung fibroblast (MRC5) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cells
    Wahgiman NA, Salim N, Abdul Rahman MB, Ashari SE
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2019;14:7323-7338.
    PMID: 31686809 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S212635
    Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) is a chemotherapeutic agent, which is known to battle cancer but challenging due to its hydrophilic nature. Nanoemulsion is water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsion shows potential as a carrier system in delivering gemcitabine to the cancer cell.

    Methods: The behaviour of GEM in MCT/surfactants/NaCl systems was studied in the ternary system at different ratios of Tween 80 and Span 80. The system with surfactant ratio 3:7 of Tween 80 and Span 80 was chosen for further study on the preparation of nanoemulsion formulation due to the highest isotropic region. Based on the selected ternary phase diagram, a composition of F1 was chosen and used for optimization by using the D-optimal mixture design. The interaction variables between medium chain triglyceride (MCT), surfactant mixture Tween 80: Span 80 (ratio 3:7), 0.9 % sodium chloride solution and gemcitabine were evaluated towards particle size as a response.

    Results: The results showed that NaCl solution and GEM gave more effects on particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 141.57±0.05 nm, 0.168 and -37.10 mV, respectively. The optimized nanoemulsion showed good stability (no phase separation) against centrifugation test and storage at three different temperatures. The in vitro release of gemcitabine at different pH buffer solution was evaluated. The results showed the release of GEM in buffer pH 6.5 (45.19%) was higher than GEM in buffer pH 7.4 (13.62%). The cytotoxicity study showed that the optimized nanoemulsion containing GEM induced cytotoxicity towards A549 cell and at the same time reduced cytotoxicity towards MRC5 when compared to the control (GEM solution).

    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  12. Fulltext Surfactant-mediated synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanoparticles for sustained drug delivery
    Pachiyappan S, Shanmuganatham Selvanantham D, Kuppa SS, Chandrasekaran S, Samrot AV
    IET Nanobiotechnol, 2019 Jun;13(4):416-427.
    PMID: 31171747 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5053
    In this study, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanoparticles were synthesised following nanoprecipitation method having different solvents and surfactant (Tween 80) concentrations. In this study, PHB nanoparticles were encapsulated with curcumin and subjected for sustained curcumin delivery. Both the curcumin loaded and unloaded PHB nanoparticles were characterised using FTIR, SEM, and AFM. Sizes of the particles were found to be between 60 and 300 nm. The drug encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release of the nanoparticles were analysed. Antibacterial activity and anticancer activity were also evaluated. The LC50 values of most of the nanoparticles were found to be between 10 and 20 µg/100 µl, anticancer activity of curcumin loaded PHB nanoparticles were further confirmed by AO/PI staining and mitochondrial depolarisation assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry*
  13. Cellular uptake of Nigella sativa oil-PLGA microparticle by PC-12 cell line
    Doolaanea AA, Mansor N', Mohd Nor NH, Mohamed F
    J Microencapsul, 2014;31(6):600-8.
    PMID: 24697178 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2014.898709
    The aim of this study is to investigate the cell uptake of Nigella sativa oil (NSO)-PLGA microparticle by neuron-like PC-12 cells in comparison to surfactants; hydrophilic (Tween 80 & Triton X100) and hydrophobic (Span 80). Solvent evaporation was used to precisely control the size, zeta potential and morphology of the particle. The results revealed varying efficiencies of the cell uptake by PC-12 cells, which may be partially attributed to the surface hydrophobicity of the microparticles. Interestingly, the uptake efficiency of PC-12 cells was higher with the more hydrophilic microparticle. NSO microparticle showed evidence of being preferably internalised by mitotic cells. Tween 80 microparticle showed the highest cell uptake efficiency with a concentration-dependent pattern suggesting its use as uptake enhancer for non-scavenging cells. In conclusion, PC-12 cells can take up NSO-PLGA microparticle which may have potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  14. Extraction agents for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soil in soil washing technologies
    Lau EV, Gan S, Ng HK, Poh PE
    Environ Pollut, 2014 Jan;184:640-9.
    PMID: 24100092 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.010
    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil have been recognised as a serious health and environmental issue due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic properties. One of the commonly employed soil remediation techniques to clean up such contamination is soil washing or solvent extraction. The main factor which governs the efficiency of this process is the solubility of PAHs in the extraction agent. Past field-scale soil washing treatments for PAH-contaminated soil have mainly employed organic solvents or water which is either toxic and costly or inefficient in removing higher molecular weight PAHs. Thus, the present article aims to provide a review and discussion of the alternative extraction agents that have been studied, including surfactants, biosurfactants, microemulsions, natural surfactants, cyclodextrins, vegetable oil and solution with solid phase particles. These extraction agents have been found to remove PAHs from soil at percentages ranging from 47 to 100% for various PAHs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  15. Manipulation of the conformation and enzymatic properties of T1 lipase by site-directed mutagenesis of the protein core
    Wahab RA, Basri M, Rahman RN, Salleh AB, Rahman MB, Chor LT
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2012 Jun;167(3):612-20.
    PMID: 22581079 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9728-2
    In silico and experimental investigations were conducted to explore the effects of substituting hydrophobic residues, Val, Met, Leu, Ile, Trp, and Phe into Gln 114 of T1 lipase. The in silico investigations accurately predicted the enzymatic characteristics of the mutants in the experimental studies and provided rationalization for some of the experimental observations. Substitution with Leu successfully improved the conformational stability and enzymatic characteristics of T1 lipase. However, replacement of Gln114 with Trp negatively affected T1 lipase and resulted in the largest disruption of protein stability, diminished lipase activity and inferior enzymatic characteristics. These results suggested that the substitution of a larger residue in a densely packed area of the protein core can have considerable effects on the structure and function of an enzyme. This is especially true when the residue is next to the catalytic serine as demonstrated with the Phe and Trp mutation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  16. Biological properties of sodium alkyl methyl ester sulfonate/alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant mixtures
    Wong SP, Lim WH, Cheng SF, Chuah CH
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2012 Jan 1;89:48-52.
    PMID: 21937202 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.08.021
    Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are commonly used as disinfectant in medical care, food industry, detergents and glue industries. This is due to a small concentration of QACs is sufficient to inhibit the growth of various bacteria strains. In this work, the inhibitive power of cationic surfactants, alkyltrimethylammonium bromide (C(n)TAB) in the presence of anionic surfactants, sodium alkyl methyl ester α-sulfonate (C(n)MES) was studied. The growth inhibition test with gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria were used to determine the toxicity of single and mixed surfactants. Results from this work showed that certain mixed surfactants have lower minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) as compared to the single C(n)TAB surfactants. Besides that, it was also found that alkyl chain length and the mixing ratios of the surfactants play a significant role in determining the mixture inhibitive power.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry*
  17. Evaluation of a magnetic activated charcoal modified with non-ionic silicone surfactant as a new magnetic solid phase extraction sorbent with triazine herbicides as model compounds in selected milk and rice samples
    Mohd NI, Gopal K, Raoov M, Mohamad S, Yahaya N, Lim V, et al.
    Talanta, 2019 May 01;196:217-225.
    PMID: 30683354 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.043
    The non-ionic silicone surfactant (OFX 0309) has been applied in cloud point extraction for the extraction of triazine herbicides in food samples. Evidence has shown that the non-ionic silicone surfactant demonstrated a good performance as an extractor toward triazine herbicides. In this present study, OFX 0309 surfactant was combined with activated charcoal (AC) due to their valuable properties. Activated charcoal modified with non-ionic silicone surfactant coated with magnetic nanoparticles (AC-OFX MNPs) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, VSM, SEM, TEM and BET. This novel material was applied as a magnetic adsorbent for the pre-concentration and separation of triazine herbicides due to hydrophobic interaction between polysiloxane polyether of OFX 0309 surfactant and triazine herbicides. Under optimal conditions, the proposed magnetic solid phase extraction method using AC-OFX MNPs adsorbent was applied to extract triazine herbicides from selected milk and rice samples using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. The validation method revealed a good linearity (1 - 500 μg L-1) with the coefficient of determination (R2) in the range of 0.992-0.998 for the samples. The limits of detection (LOD) of the developed method were 0.04 - 0.05 µg L-1 (milk sample) and 0.02 - 0.05 µg L-1 (rice sample). The limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.134 - 0.176 µg L-1 (milk sample) and 0.075 - 0.159 µg L-1 (rice sample). The recoveries of the triazine compounds ranged from 81% to 109% in spiked milk samples and from 81% to 111% in spiked rice samples, with relative standard deviations (RSD) values lower than 13.5% and 12.1% for milk and rice samples, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that have investigated the use of magnetic nanoparticles coated activated charcoal modified with OFX 0309 surfactant for pretreatment of triazine herbicides in food samples analysis for simultaneous separation of organic pollutants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  18. Fulltext Supramolecular Electrochemical Sensor for Dopamine Detection Based on Self-Assembled Mixed Surfactants on Gold Nanoparticles Deposited Graphene Oxide
    Uppachai P, Srijaranai S, Poosittisak S, Md Isa I, Mukdasai S
    Molecules, 2020 May 29;25(11).
    PMID: 32485804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112528
    A new supramolecular electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive detection of dopamine (DA) was fabricated based on supramolecular assemblies of mixed two surfactants, tetra-butylammonium bromide (TBABr) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), on the electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on graphene oxide modified on glassy carbon electrode (AuNPs/GO/GCE). Self-assembled mixed surfactants (TBABr/SDS) were added into the solution to increase the sensitivity for the detection of DA. All electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The supramolecular electrochemical sensor (TBABr/SDS⋅⋅⋅AuNPs/GO/GCE) showed excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of DA. Under the optimum conditions, the concentration of DA was obtained in the range from 0.02 µM to 1.00 µM, with a detection limit of 0.01 µM (3s/b). The results displayed that TBABr/SDS⋅⋅⋅AuNPs/GO/GCE exhibited excellent performance, good sensitivity, and reproducibility. In addition, the proposed supramolecular electrochemical sensor was successfully applied to determine DA in human serum samples with satisfactory recoveries (97.26% to 104.21%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry*
  19. In Vitro Permeation and Skin Retention of α-Mangostin Proniosome
    Chin GS, Todo H, Kadhum WR, Hamid MA, Sugibayashi K
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2016;64(12):1666-1673.
    PMID: 27904075
    The current investigation evaluated the potential of proniosome as a carrier to enhance skin permeation and skin retention of a highly lipophilic compound, α-mangostin. α-Mangostin proniosomes were prepared using the coacervation phase seperation method. Upon hydration, α-mangostin loaded niosomes were characterized for size, polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE) and ζ-potential. The in vitro permeation experiments with dermis-split Yucatan Micropig (YMP) skin revealed that proniosomes composed of Spans, soya lecithin and cholesterol were able to enhance the skin permeation of α-mangostin with a factor range from 1.8- to 8.0-fold as compared to the control suspension. Furthermore, incorporation of soya lecithin in the proniosomal formulation significantly enhanced the viable epidermis/dermis (VED) concentration of α-mangostin. All the proniosomal formulations (except for S20L) had significantly (p<0.05) enhanced deposition of α-mangostin in the VED layer with a factor range from 2.5- to 2.9-fold as compared to the control suspension. Since addition of Spans and soya lecithin in water improved the solubility of α-mangostin, this would be related to the enhancement of skin permeation and skin concentration of α-mangostin. The choice of non-ionic surfactant in proniosomes is an important factor governing the skin permeation and skin retention of α-mangostin. These results suggested that proniosomes can be utilized as a carrier for highly lipophilic compound like α-mangostin for topical application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
  20. Biocompatible Ionic Liquid-Mediated Micelles for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Paclitaxel
    Ali MK, Moshikur RM, Wakabayashi R, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2021 May 05;13(17):19745-19755.
    PMID: 33891816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03111
    Chemotherapeutic cytotoxic agents such as paclitaxel (PTX) are considered essential for the treatment of various cancers. However, PTX injection is associated with severe systemic side effects and high rates of patient noncompliance. Micelle formulations (MFs) are nano-drug delivery systems that offer a solution to these problems. Herein, we report an advantageous carrier for the transdermal delivery of PTX comprising a new MF that consists of two biocompatible surfactants: cholinium oleate ([Cho][Ole]), which is a surface-active ionic liquid (SAIL), and sorbitan monolaurate (Span-20). A solubility assessment confirmed that PTX was readily solubilized in the SAIL-based micelles via multipoint hydrogen bonding and cation-π and π-π interactions between PTX and SAIL[Cho][Ole]. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy revealed that in the presence of PTX, the MF formed spherical PTX-loaded micelles that were well-distributed in the range 8.7-25.3 nm. According to DLS, the sizes and size distributions of the micelle droplets did not change significantly over the entire storage period, attesting to their physical stability. In vitro transdermal assessments using a Franz diffusion cell revealed that the MF absorbed PTX 4 times more effectively than a Tween 80-based formulation and 6 times more effectively than an ethanol-based formulation. In vitro and in vivo skin irritation tests revealed that the new carrier had a negligible toxicity profile compared with a conventional ionic liquid-based carrier. Based on these findings, we believe that the SAIL[Cho][Ole]-based MF has potential as a biocompatible nanocarrier for the effective transdermal delivery of poorly soluble chemotherapeutics such as PTX.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface-Active Agents/chemistry
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