Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1049 in total

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  1. ASCI Practice Guideline Working Group, Beck KS, Kim JA, Choe YH, Sim KH, Hoe J, et al.
    Korean J Radiol, 2017 Nov-Dec;18(6):871-880.
    PMID: 29089819 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2017.18.6.871
    In 2010, the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (ASCI) provided recommendations for cardiac CT and MRI, and this document reflects an update of the 2010 ASCI appropriate use criteria (AUC). In 2016, the ASCI formed a new working group for revision of AUC for noninvasive cardiac imaging. A major change that we made in this document is the rating of various noninvasive tests (exercise electrocardiogram, echocardiography, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, radionuclide imaging, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography/angiography), compared side by side for their applications in various clinical scenarios. Ninety-five clinical scenarios were developed from eight selected pre-existing guidelines and classified into four sections as follows: 1) detection of coronary artery disease, symptomatic or asymptomatic; 2) cardiac evaluation in various clinical scenarios; 3) use of imaging modality according to prior testing; and 4) evaluation of cardiac structure and function. The clinical scenarios were scored by a separate rating committee on a scale of 1-9 to designate appropriate use, uncertain use, or inappropriate use according to a modified Delphi method. Overall, the AUC ratings for CT were higher than those of previous guidelines. These new AUC provide guidance for clinicians choosing among available testing modalities for various cardiac diseases and are also unique, given that most previous AUC for noninvasive imaging include only one imaging technique. As cardiac imaging is multimodal in nature, we believe that these AUC will be more useful for clinical decision making.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/standards
  2. Ab Hamid S, Abd Rashid SN, Mohd Saini S
    Jpn J Radiol, 2012 Jun;30(5):386-92.
    PMID: 22415809 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-012-0069-4
    The drug-trafficking business has risen tremendously because of the current increased demand for illegal narcotics. The smugglers conceal the drugs in their bodies (body packers) in order to bypass the tight security at international borders. A suspected body packer will normally be sent to the hospital for imaging investigations to confirm the presence of drugs in the body. Radiologists, therefore, need to be familiar with and able to identify drug packets within the human body because they shoulder the legal responsibilities. This pictorial essay describes the characteristic imaging features of drug packets within the gastrointestinal tract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  3. Ab Hamid S, Wastie ML
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Mar;49(3):e73-5.
    PMID: 18362991
    We report a 43-year-old woman who presented with post-coital bleeding. Pelvic examination revealed a uterine cervical mass, which confirmed to be large B cell lymphoma on histopathological examination. Computed tomography showed a primary lesion in the uterine cervix with no lymph node or other extranodal involvement. The patient responded to CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone) chemotherapy regime with no major side effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  4. Abbasian Ardakani A, Acharya UR, Habibollahi S, Mohammadi A
    Eur Radiol, 2021 Jan;31(1):121-130.
    PMID: 32740817 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07087-y
    OBJECTIVES: CT findings of COVID-19 look similar to other atypical and viral (non-COVID-19) pneumonia diseases. This study proposes a clinical computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system using CT features to automatically discriminate COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients.

    METHODS: Overall, 612 patients (306 COVID-19 and 306 non-COVID-19 pneumonia) were recruited. Twenty radiological features were extracted from CT images to evaluate the pattern, location, and distribution of lesions of patients in both groups. All significant CT features were fed in five classifiers namely decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, and ensemble to evaluate the best performing CAD system in classifying COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases.

    RESULTS: Location and distribution pattern of involvement, number of the lesion, ground-glass opacity (GGO) and crazy-paving, consolidation, reticular, bronchial wall thickening, nodule, air bronchogram, cavity, pleural effusion, pleural thickening, and lymphadenopathy are the significant features to classify COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 groups. Our proposed CAD system obtained the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.965, 93.54%, 90.32%, and 91.94%, respectively, using ensemble (COVIDiag) classifier.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study proposed a COVIDiag model obtained promising results using CT radiological routine features. It can be considered an adjunct tool by the radiologists during the current COVID-19 pandemic to make an accurate diagnosis.

    KEY POINTS: • Location and distribution of involvement, number of lesions, GGO and crazy-paving, consolidation, reticular, bronchial wall thickening, nodule, air bronchogram, cavity, pleural effusion, pleural thickening, and lymphadenopathy are the significant features between COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 groups. • The proposed CAD system, COVIDiag, could diagnose COVID-19 pneumonia cases with an AUC of 0.965 (sensitivity = 93.54%; specificity = 90.32%; and accuracy = 91.94%). • The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy obtained by radiologist diagnosis are 0.879, 87.10%, 88.71%, and 87.90%, respectively.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*
  5. Abd-Rashid R, Hussein A, Yunus R, Naik VR, Shatriah I
    Ann Trop Paediatr, 2011;31(2):173-80.
    PMID: 21575325 DOI: 10.1179/1465328111Y.0000000004
    Orbital myositis in children is uncommon. Recurrence is a major challenge in management. An 11-year-old Malay girl who presented with bilateral orbital myositis with recurrent attacks of diplopia is reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  6. Abdul Azih, M.N., Hin, H.S., Kori, A.N., Rahman, A.A., Chunn, K.Y.
    MyJurnal
    We report a 26-year old lady who presented with chronic cough and breathlessness associated with subtle
    TB symptoms for 1 year. Her CT thorax showed multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules with mediastinal and
    cervical lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymph node biopsy and CT-guided pulmonary biopsy at our centre
    confirmed the diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with pulmonary infiltrations. She was successfully treated
    with ABVD regime but later developed life-threatening bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Sadly, she
    succumbed to respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia with possibility of bleomycin-induced pulmonary
    fibrosis. Multiple cavitating pulmonary nodules secondary to lymphoma is rare and in TB endemic area, it
    may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  7. Abdul Azim Al-Abrar Ahmad Kailani, Ahmad Kusyairi Khalid, Mohd Razif Mohamad Yunus, Irfan Mohamad
    MyJurnal
    Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm of the upper aerodigestive
    tract, and presentation is usually at the late stages when the diagnosis is made. Recurrence
    after 1st therapy is common especially in the locoregional area of the tumour. For cancers
    affecting the oral cavity, oropharynx, and mandible, “COMMANDO” (Combined
    Mandibulectomy and Neck Dissection Operation) is one of the surgical approaches which
    constitutes of primary tumour resection, mandibulectomy and neck dissection. We describe a
    case of rapid locoregional recurrence following 1st surgical procedure of bilateral tonsillectomy
    and extended neck dissection of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a young healthy
    individual without history of alcohol and tobacco abuse involving the right buccal region which
    after positron emission tomography was done, showed involvement of right pterygoid muscles,
    right-sided tongue muscle, and right mandible. The patient underwent redo salvage surgery
    and reconstruction with anterolateral thigh flap.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  8. Abdul Aziz DA, Abdul Rahman NA, Tang SF, Abdul Latif H, Zaki FM, Annuar ZM, et al.
    BMJ Case Rep, 2011;2011.
    PMID: 22674944 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.09.2011.4734
    Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children is more extensive and is a rare cause of spontaneous secondary pneumothorax (SSP) which tends to be recurrent and refractory to conventional treatment. Its occurrence in paediatric patients posed great challenge to the choice of surgical management. Surgery in the form of pleurodesis is only considered if SSP does not improve after chemotherapy and after considering all relevant risk and benefits of surgery to patients. Chemical pleurodesis will not give the expected effect to eradicate SSP in this patient. Therefore mechanical pleurodesis is the treatment of choice. There are various techniques to perform mechanical pleurodesis; from pleural abrasion to pleurectomy. In the authors' experience, bilateral total pleurectomy provided the best outcome for this 9-year-old patient with persistent respiratory distress from SSP due to extensive pulmonary LCH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  9. Abdul Ghani R, Norazmi MK, Norlaila M
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):254-7.
    PMID: 16898326 MyJurnal
    Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine-secreting tumour typically arising within the adrenal medulla. It may occur sporadically or be associated as part of a tumour syndrome including Von Hippel Lindau (VHL), Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) 2 and Neurofibromatosis Type 1. VHL is associated with multi-organ involvement of benign and malignant tumours characterized by the presence of retinal angiomas, hemangioblastomas of the cerebellum and spinal cord, renal cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas and other cystic lesions in the kidneys, pancreas, and epididymis. It is a rare disorder with prevalence estimated at 2-3 per 100,000. This case report describes a 37 years old Chinese gentleman who presented to our institution for further management of bilateral pheochromocytoma and retinal angioblastoma with problems of duodenal ulcer and anaemia. There was no family history of similar problems. With these features the criteria for the diagnosis of von Hippel Lindau disease was established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  10. Abdul Hadi D, Mansharan Kaur CS, Effat O, Siew SF
    Trop Biomed, 2019 Dec 01;36(4):850-854.
    PMID: 33597457
    Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease on the rise caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis and health care workers working in emergency departments, medical wards and autopsy rooms are in danger of contacting this disease. We present a case of a 42 year old man found dead under a pedestrian bridge with no medical history available. Post mortem computed tomography showed multiple cavities involving upper lobes of both lungs and areas of consolidation in both lung fields raising the suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis. This was followed by a computed tomography guided lung biopsy and a limited conventional autopsy done in situ in a special high risk autopsy suite with appropriate ventilation. This case highlights the importance of cross sectional imaging which can be coupled with image guided biopsy in cases of infectious disease to reduce the risk of transmission to health care workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*
  11. Abdul Hamid MF, Ban Yu-Lin A, Hassan TM, Mohammad N
    BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Nov 04;2017.
    PMID: 29103009 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221545
    A middle-aged woman with recurrent malignant melanoma presented initially with massive left pleural effusion. There was a complete obliteration of the left main bronchus on flexible bronchoscopy caused by a mass. Serial cryo-debulking of the tumour was done under rigid bronchoscopy; however, the outcome was not favourable due to the aggressive tumour growth. Vemurafenib was planned after thoracic radiation. She was not keen for the biologics treatment due to financial constraints. We report a case of central airway obstruction due to recurrent aggressive melanoma. More evaluations are needed on the role of interventional pulmonologist for bronchoscopic debulking of this rapidly growing tumour as well as the role of biological agents in treating such cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  12. Abdul Jalil N, Abdul Rahim N, Md Shalleh N, Rossetti C
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Jul;49(7):e178-82.
    PMID: 18695852
    A majority of the clinical use of positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) is related to cancer management. Its application in evaluating inflammatory diseases and pyrexia of unknown origin is becoming popular. We reviewed the fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT findings of an 80-year-old woman with nonspecific clinical presentation consisting of generalised malaise, moderately high fever and weight loss. Prior CT and magnetic resonance imaging were not helpful in providing a clinical diagnosis. The diagnosis was Horton's arteritis, and the patient responded well to high-dose steroids.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
  13. Abdul Jalil Nordin, Suraini Mohd Saini, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak, Noraini Abdul Rahim
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the appearance of active TB lymphadenitis using multimodality imaging apparatus. Multi-modality diagnostic imaging tools, including chest radiograph, Ultrasound (US), Computed Tomographic Scan (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and integrated 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/CT examination, were performed to demonstrate TB lymphadenitis in the neck and superior mediastinum of a 26 year old female patient. There was widening of superior mediastinum on chest radiograph. Meanwhile, the ultrasound carried out detected superficial cystic lesions in the cervical region. The MRI found multiple gadolinium enhanced cervical and mediastinal lymphadenophaties. Contrast enhanced CT found heterogeneous enhancing lymphadenopathies in the same anatomical region. FDG PET/CT demonstrated a high metabolic activity in all lesions, as demonstrated by conventional imaging
    modalities. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 1ml aspirate using US guidance. Post treatment FDG PET CT scan demonstrated a complete metabolic remission of active lesions FDG PET CT can be used to demonstrate metabolic activity of active TB lesions in addition to guide clinicians in treating TB lesions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  14. Abdul Latip LS, Ahmad Alias NA, Ariff AR, Shuaib IL, Abdullah J, Naing NN
    J Clin Neurosci, 2004 Nov;11(8):835-9.
    PMID: 15519858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2003.12.017
    Minor head injury in a developing country like Malaysia is managed by primary care physicians and/or medical assistants in district hospitals. These patients are seen initially in their local hospitals, which have at least an X-ray machine for the purpose of screening. This study aimed to guide these physicians to manage these patients at a primary care level. A cross-sectional study was conducted and the study revealed significant predictors of significant computed tomographic (CT) findings. The presence of a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 14 or 13 was associated with the risk of developing significant CT findings compared to patients with a GCS of 15 (p<0.001). Thirty-seven out of 50 patients with GCS of 14 or 13 developed clinically significant brain injury on CT scan. Similarly, the presence of skull fracture was associated with the risk of developing CT abnormalities (p<0.001). Forty-two out of 51 patients with skull fracture developed clinically significant CT findings. Vomiting was associated with developing CT abnormalities (p=0.017). Twenty-seven out of 40 patients with vomiting showed significant CT findings. Soft tissue injury was also found to be associated with developing CT abnormalities (p=0.007). Therefore, we propose reclassifying minor head injury based on the GCS score. Patients with a GCS score of 15 were classified as having mild head injury, while patients with a GCS score of 13 or 14 were at higher risk of developing brain injury and therefore categorized as high risk mild head injury. This group requires emergency CT scan examination, especially when associated with non-motor vehicle accidents, abnormal central nervous system (CNS) examination, craniofacial injuries or skull fractures. They should be referred to a general surgical unit which can treat head injuries or a neurosurgical tertiary centre.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*
  15. Abdul Rahim, R., Pang, J.F., Chan, K.S., Leong, L.C., Fazalul Rahiman, M.H.
    ASM Science Journal, 2007;1(1):27-36.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, real-time imaging was monitored for flowing solid particles when various baffles were created to block certain areas of the pipe. The generated flow regimes were full-flow, three-quarter-flow, half-flow and quarter-flow. A vertical pneumatic conveyor was designed to hold a 85 mm inner diameter pipeline. The four projection optical tomography systems used, applied the parallel beam projection approach and use infrared light sources so that the sensor was free of noise from the surrounding visible light source. The two orthogonal and two rectilinear projections were axial, but ideally they should have been in the same layer. The sensor readings could be related to the varying light intensity effects of the dropping particles and were used to provide cross-sectional distribution information for the conveyor. By using computer programming, the information was reconstructed to produce coloured images and concentration was obtained by reference to a colour code. The results obtained from this study showed how imaged flow followed the artificial flow regime. This study could benefit industrial production lines in maintaining the desired flow rates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  16. Abdul Rahman MR, Yaman MN, Dimon MZ, Zabir AF, Min JO, Hamid HA
    Ann Thorac Surg, 2011 Aug;92(2):714-5.
    PMID: 21801925 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.028
    We present a 35-year-old man with a preoperative diagnosis of a right lower lobe cystic mass. Misled by a radiological suggestion of an intraparenchymal lesion, he had a thoracotomy and right lower lobectomy. An intraoperative finding of a pedunculated cyst arising from the parietal pleural with subsequent histopathology confirmation of a benign bronchogenic cyst, however, would have made a less invasive surgical excision more appropriate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  17. Abdul Rashid AM, Md Noh MSF
    BMC Neurol, 2018 May 29;18(1):76.
    PMID: 29843624 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-018-1079-3
    BACKGROUND: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a rare condition of unknown frequency resulting from brain injury due to a multitude of causes; especially in early life. Characteristics include cerebral hemiatrophy/hypoplasia, contralateral hemiparesis, seizures, and compensatory osseous hypertrophy.

    CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 13-year-old girl who initially presented with headaches, followed by episodic complex-partial seizures; which was controlled via medication. She also had right sided hemiparesis. Computed tomography (CT) showed evidence of left parieto-temporal infarct with cerebral atrophy. Complementary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not reveal additional information. Workup for young stroke was negative. Upon further evaluation by Neuroradiology, features suggesting Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome were confirmed. Patient has been under Neurology follow up since.

    CONCLUSIONS: Due to its rarity, Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome may easily be missed by the majority of treating clinicians. Knowledge of its features on imaging enables timely and accurate diagnosis - allowing appropriate management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  18. Abdul Rashid S, Ab Hamid S, Mohamad Saini S, Muridan R
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2012 Apr;8(2):e11.
    PMID: 22970067 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.8.2.e11
    Diagnosing acute appendicitis in children can be difficult due to atypical presenting symptoms. While there are reported cases of acute appendicitis or appendiceal masses causing unilateral hydronephrosis, bilateral hydronephrosis as a complication of appendiceal mass is very rare. We report a case of a child who presented with cardinal symptomatology associated with the urogenital tract. Ultrasound (US) investigation showed a pelvic mass causing bilateral hydronephrosis. An initial diagnosis of a pelvic teratoma was made based on the US and computed tomography (CT) scan findings. The final diagnosis of an appendiceal mass causing bilateral hydronephrosis was established intraoperatively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  19. Abdul Rashid SN, Mohamad Saini SB, Abdul Hamid S, Muhammad SJ, Mahmud R, Thali MJ, et al.
    Br J Radiol, 2014 Apr;87(1036):20130472.
    PMID: 24472728 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130472
    The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of identifying methamphetamine (MA) internal payloads in "drug mules" by plain abdominal digital radiography (DR).
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
  20. Abdul-Rahman NA, Azman RR, Kumar G
    Saudi Med J, 2016 May;37(5):584-6.
    PMID: 27146625 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.5.15042
    Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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