Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 419 in total

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  1. Faisal, A., Ahmad, S.H., Zulmi, W.
    MyJurnal
    Tumour surgery for locally extensive malignant neoplasms of the extremity will sometimes result in extensive composite soft tissue defect. Local flaps are usually inadequate to cover these large defects. More than one tissue flap might be required to cover any exposed neurovascular structures, bone or prosthesis. We present two cases where two composite flaps were simultaneously used to cover extensive surgical defects after ablative tumour resections in the extremity. These resulted in uncomplicated wound healing and limb salvage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  2. Ishak WMW, Katas H, Yuen NP, Abdullah MA, Zulfakar MH
    Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2019 04;9(2):418-433.
    PMID: 29667150 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0522-8
    Wound healing is a physiological event that generates reconstitution and restoration of granulation tissue that ends with scar formation. As omega fatty acids are part of membrane phospholipids and participate in the inflammatory response, we investigated the effects of omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids in the form of oils on wound healing. Linseed (LO), evening primrose (EPO), and olive oils (OO) rich in omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids were formulated into emulsions and were topically applied on rats with excision wounds. All omega-3-, omega-6-, and omega-9-rich oil formulations were found to accelerate wound closure compared to untreated, with significant improvement (p wound healing but they accomplish this by different mechanisms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing/drug effects*
  3. Rizwan M, Yahya R, Hassan A, Yar M, Abd Halim AA, Rageh Al-Maleki A, et al.
    J Mater Sci Mater Med, 2019 Jun 11;30(6):72.
    PMID: 31187295 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6273-3
    The success of wound healing depends upon the proper growth of vascular system in time in the damaged tissues. Poor blood supply to wounded tissues or tissue engineered grafts leads to the failure of wound healing or rejection of grafts. In present paper, we report the synthesis of novel organosoluble and pro-angiogenic chitosan derivative (CSD) by the reaction of chitosan with 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid and triethylorthoformate (TEOF). The synthesized material was characterized by FTIR and 13C-NMR to confirm the incorporated functional groups and new covalent connectivities. Biodegradability of the synthesized chitosan derivative was tested in the presence of lysozyme and was found to be comparable with CS. The cytotoxicity and apoptosis effect of new derivative was determined against gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells and was found to be non-toxic. The CSD was found to be soluble in majority of organic solvents. It was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) to form composite scaffolds. From an ex ovo CAM assay, it was noted that CSD stimulated the angiogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing*
  4. Mat Zawawi NZ, Shaari R, Luqman Nordin M, Hayati Hamdan R, Peng TL, Zalati CWSCW
    Vet World, 2020 Mar;13(3):508-514.
    PMID: 32367957 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.508-514
    Background and Aim: Channa striatus extract, a freshwater snakehead fish known as Haruan, is popular in Southeast Asia for consumption and as a traditional therapeutic remedy for wound healing. C. striatus is also used in osteoarthritic for its anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of antibacterial properties of C. striatus extract against oral bacteria and to investigate the cytotoxic activity against Vero cells.

    Materials and Methods: The authors prepared C. striatus extract in chloroform-methanol solvents. Next, the authors took subgingival microbiological samples from 16 cats that had periodontal disease. The authors determined the antibacterial properties of C. striatus extract against the isolated bacteria using the disk diffusion method and a broth microdilution-based resazurin microtiter assay. Finally, the authors used the Vero cell line to evaluate the cytotoxic activity, and they assessed the cell availability using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

    Results: The results showed weak antibacterial activity of C. striatus extract against Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli. In addition, the authors found that minimum inhibition concentration values ranged between 400 and 500 mg/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranged between 650 and 550 mg/mL. However, the cytotoxic results were promising, showing that C. striatus extract increased the cell viability and growth when it was at a higher concentration. The extract also promotes growth and cell proliferation.

    Conclusion: These findings suggest that C. striatus extract promoted cell proliferation in vitro and could be a plausible therapeutic wound healing alternative for periodontal disease in cats.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  5. Sh Ahmed A, Taher M, Mandal UK, Jaffri JM, Susanti D, Mahmood S, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2019 Aug 14;19(1):213.
    PMID: 31412845 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2625-2
    BACKGROUND: Various extracts of Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) and its active constituent, asiaticoside, have been reported to possess wound healing property when assessed using various in vivo and in vitro models. In an attempt to develop a formulation with accelerated wound healing effect, the present study was performed to examine in vivo efficacy of asiaticoside-rich hydrogel formulation in rabbits.

    METHODS: Asiaticoside-rich fraction was prepared from C. asiatica aerial part and then incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol (PVA/PEG) hydrogel. The hydrogel was subjected to wound healing investigation using the in vivo incision model.

    RESULTS: The results obtained demonstrated that: i) the hydrogel formulation did not cause any signs of irritation on the rabbits' skin and; ii) enhanced wound healing 15% faster than the commercial cream and > 40% faster than the untreated wounds. The skin healing process was seen in all wounds marked by formation of a thick epithelial layer, keratin, and moderate formation of granulation tissues, fibroblasts and collagen with no fibrinoid necrosis detected.

    CONCLUSION: The asiaticoside-rich hydrogel developed using the freeze-thaw method was effective in accelerating wound healing in rabbits.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing/drug effects*
  6. Joffry SM, Yob NJ, Rofiee MS, Affandi MM, Suhaili Z, Othman F, et al.
    PMID: 22242040 DOI: 10.1155/2012/258434
    Melastoma malabathricum L. (Melastomataceae) is one of the 22 species found in the Southeast Asian region, including Malaysia. Considered as native to tropical and temperate Asia and the Pacific Islands, this commonly found small shrub has gained herbal status in the Malay folklore belief as well as the Indian, Chinese, and Indonesian folk medicines. Ethnopharmacologically, the leaves, shoots, barks, seeds, and roots of M. malabathricum have been used to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, cuts and wounds, toothache, and stomachache. Scientific findings also revealed the wide pharmacological actions of various parts of M. malabthricum, such as antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiarrheal, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activities. Various types of phytochemical constituents have also been isolated and identifed from different parts of M. malabathricum. Thus, the aim of the present review is to present comprehensive information on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of M. malabathricum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  7. Aznan MI, Khan OH, Unar AO, Tuan Sharif SE, Khan AH, Syed Abd Aziz SH, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2016 Jan 23;16:28.
    PMID: 26803744 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1003-6
    BACKGROUND: Honey has long been used for the treatment of number of ailments and diseases including surgical wounds. Current study evaluates the effectiveness of Tualang honey (TH) for large bowel anastomotic healing in Wistar rats.

    METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were given a 3 centimeter infra-umbilical laparotomy wound, in`flicted on their abdomen. The colonic transection was performed at 5 cm distal to caecum, with end to end anastomosis of colon segment. They were divided into two groups. Group I was fed with standard rat chow and water. Meanwhile, Group II apart from standard feed, was also given TH 1.0 g/kg every morning until day seven post operatively. Afterwards, anastomotic bursting pressures were measured and histopathological examination on the anastomosis line was performed with light microscopes. The data from two groups were analyzed by Independent paired t test for continuous variables.

    RESULTS: It was found that the tensile strength of colon anastomosis (95 % CI; p = <0.001) and the histopathological study including fibroblast count (p = <0.001) and inflammatory cells (p = 0.002) showed statistically significant difference in the favor of TH-treated group. Meanwhile, neovascularization formation was not statistically significant (p = 0.807); however, the overall count in the TH group was high.

    CONCLUSION: Oral treatment with TH enhances anastomotic wound healing by increasing the number of fibroblasts and by decreasing inflammatory cells leading towards increased wound strength.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing/drug effects*
  8. Masood A, Maheen S, Khan HU, Shafqat SS, Irshad M, Aslam I, et al.
    ACS Omega, 2021 Mar 30;6(12):8210-8225.
    PMID: 33817480 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06242
    The current research aimed at designing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for a controlled coadministration of salicylic acid (SA) and ketoconazole (KCZ) to effectively treat highly resistant fungal infections. The sol-gel method was used to formulate MSNs, which were further optimized using central composite rotatable design (CCRD) by investigating mathematical impact of independent formulation variables such as pH, stirring time, and stirring speed on dependent variables entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug release. The selected optimized MSNs and pure drugs were subjected to comparative in vitro/in vivo antifungal studies, skin irritation, cytotoxicity, and histopathological evaluations. The obtained negatively charged (-23.1), free flowing spherical, highly porous structured MSNs having a size distribution of 300-500 nm were suggestive of high storage stability and improved cell proliferation due to enhanced oxygen supply to cells. The physico-chemical evaluation of SA/KCZ-loaded MSNs performed through powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates absolute lack of any interaction between formulation components and successful encapsulation of both drugs in MSNs. The EESA, EEKCZ, SA release, and KCZ release varied significantly from 34 to 89%, 36 to 85%, 39 to 88%, and 43 to 90%, respectively, indicating the quadratic impact of formulation variables on obtained MSNs. For MSNs, the skin tolerability and cell viability percentage rate were also having an extraordinary advantage over suspension of pure drugs. The optimized SA/KCZ-loaded MSNs demonstrated comparatively enhanced in vitro/in vivo antifungal activities and rapid wound healing efficacy in histopathological evaluation without any skin irritation impact, suggesting the MSNs potential for the simultaneous codelivery of antifungal and keratolyic agents in sustained release fashion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  9. Teo BSX, Gan RY, Abdul Aziz S, Sirirak T, Mohd Asmani MF, Yusuf E
    J Cosmet Dermatol, 2021 Mar;20(3):993-1001.
    PMID: 32659861 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13624
    BACKGROUND: Eucheuma Cottonii is a type of red algae obtained from Sabah with main active component, sulfated polysaccharide or k-carrageenan.

    AIMS: The objective of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial and potential wound-healing properties in aqueous extraction of E cottonii in order to meet the increasing demand for halal and natural cosmeceutical products.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Aqueous extract of E cottonii was investigated for active compounds by phytochemical screening and IR spectroscopy. Antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH method, and the IC50 value was 1.99 mg/mL. Antibacterial activity was examined against Staphylococcus Aureus using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and showed 10.03 ± 0.06 mm zone of inhibition, achieved by 200 mg/mL of extracts. A wound was made by skin excision of area around 100 mm2 on each mouse. Test group was treated with aqueous extract gel (10% w/w); meanwhile, the mice that were treated with honey acted as the positive control group and the untreated mice as negative control group. Results showed that the wound contraction rate inclined to aqueous extracts as compared to untreated group (P wound healing for aqueous extracts and untreated group were 87.7% ± 2.0% and 57.6% ± 5.3%, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Aqueous extract was found to be comparable to the honey in wound healing.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  10. Tan MK, Hasan Adli DS, Tumiran MA, Abdulla MA, Yusoff KM
    PMID: 22536292 DOI: 10.1155/2012/805932
    Honey is one of the oldest substances used in wound management. Efficacy of Gelam honey in wound healing was evaluated in this paper. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of 24 rats each (untreated group, saline group, Intrasite Gel group, and Gelam honey group) with 2 cm by 2 cm full thickness, excisional wound created on neck area. Wounds were dressed topically according to groups. Rats were sacrificed on days 1, 5, 10, and 15 of treatments. Wounds were then processed for macroscopic and histological observations. Gelam-honey-dressed wounds healed earlier (day 13) than untreated and saline treated groups, as did wounds treated with Intrasite Gel. Honey-treated wounds exhibited less scab and only thin scar formations. Histological features demonstrated positive effects of Gelam honey on the wounds. This paper showed that Gelam honey dressing on excisional wound accelerated the process of wound healing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  11. Halim AS, Yusof I
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2004 Jun;12(1):110-3.
    PMID: 15237132
    Management of severe open tibial fracture with neurovascular injury is difficult and controversial. Primary amputation is an acceptable option as salvaging the injured, insensate, and ischaemic limb may result in chronic osteomyelitis and non-functional limb. We report a case of open tibial fracture associated with segmental bone and soft tissue loss, posterior tibial nerve and artery injuries, which was further complicated by chronic osteo-myelitis treated with composite vascularised osteocutaneous fibula and sural nerve graft. Functional outcome of the injured limb at one-year follow-up was satisfactory: the patient was capable of achieving full weightbearing and was able to appreciate crude touch, pain, proprioception, and temperature at the plantar aspect of the foot. There was no pressure sore or ulceration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing/physiology
  12. Abu Bakar MR, Abdul Kadir A, Abdul Wahab SZ, Abdul Karim AH, Nik Hussain NH, Mohd Noor N, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(7):e0133514.
    PMID: 26222158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133514
    AIM: To compare the mean of anteroposterior (AP) measurements of the uterus in longitudinal and oblique transverse planes, and the pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) of the uterine artery and superficial skin wound artery between patients taking Channa striatus and placebo.

    BACKGROUND: Channa striatus, also known as haruan, is a fresh water snakehead fish consumed in many parts of Southeast Asia. Channa striatus is also normally consumed by women postpartum to promote wound healing as well as to reduce post-operative pain.

    METHODOLOGY: This study is a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in women after Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS). Subjects were randomised to either a Channa striatus or a placebo group and were given a daily dosage of 500 mg of Channa striatus extract or 500 mg maltodextrin, respectively, for six weeks post LSCS. The anteroposterior measurements of the uterus in the longitudinal and oblique transverse planes, and the pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) of the uterine and superficial skin wound arteries were assessed using pelvic Gray-scale ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound at baseline (Day 3) and at two weeks, four weeks and six weeks post-operatively.

    RESULTS: Sixty-six subjects were randomised into the study with 33 in the Channa striatus group and 33 in the placebo group. No significant differences were detected in terms of the pulsatility index (PI) and the resistive index (RI) of the uterine and superficial skin wound arteries between the Channa striatus and placebo groups. However, in the Channa striatus group, the AP measurements of the uterus on the longitudinal and oblique transverse planes were significantly lower compared to the placebo group (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively).

    CONCLUSION: Daily intake of Channa striatus extract results in marked differences compared to placebo in terms of uterine involution and recovery in women post LSCS.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.isrctn.com 11960786.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing/drug effects*
  13. Kee KK, Nair HKR, Yuen NP
    J Wound Care, 2019 Jan 01;28(Sup1):S4-S13.
    PMID: 30724120 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2019.28.Sup1.S4
    OBJECTIVE:: Objectives. To determine the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot infection (DFI), and to identify factors associated with delayed wound healing of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU).

    METHOD:: The retrospective study was performed in a referral wound care clinic in Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Data was collected from January 2014 to October 2016 on DFU patients who attended this clinic.

    RESULTS:: Of the 340 patients (216 male and 124 female) DFU patients who attended the clinic (mean age: 58.1±10.8 years old), 41.5% presented with infection with a mean cross-sectional ulcer area of 21.5±33.2cm2. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that patients of Chinese ethnicity (OR: 3.39; 95%CI 1.49 to 7.70), with fasting blood glucose ≥7mmol/l (OR: 3.41; 95%CI 1.57 to 7.39), ulcer size ≥10cm2 (OR: 2.90; 95%CI 1.45 to 5.82) and blood pressure ≥140/90mmHg (OR: 2.52; 95%CI 1.54 to 4.14) were more likely to develop DFI. The median healing time for patients with DFUs was three months. There were six variables identified as significantly associated with prolonged healing time of DFU, namely presence of infection (p<0.001), poor glycaemic control with fasting blood glucose ≥7mmol/l (p<0.001), high blood pressure ≥140/90mmHg (p<0.001), large DFU size ≥2cm2 (p<0.001), history of amputation (p<0.005) and plantar location of the DFU (p<0.05).

    CONCLUSION:: Large DFU size, poor glycaemic and blood pressure control are common risk factors for both DFU and DFI. Unexpected high prevalence and ethnicity risk factor for DFI urge more comprehensive primary and secondary preventative strategies to reduce its incidence.

    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  14. Tata MD, Kwan KC, Abdul-Razak MR, Paramalingam S, Yeen WC
    Ann Thorac Surg, 2009 May;87(5):1613-4.
    PMID: 19379926 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.10.019
    A 39-year-old Indian man presented with necrotizing soft tissue infection of his right forearm and previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. The infection progressively worsened to involve his right lateral chest wall despite multiple debridements and systemic antibiotics. His right arm was eventually disarticulated along with wide debridement of the surrounding tissue. Aggressive wound debridement, mechanical scrubbing, and irrigation were then initiated every 8 hours. A superoxidized solution was later introduced as a wound irrigant and dressing agent. The large defect was suitable for split-thickness skin grafting after 16 days of a strict wound management routine with the superoxidized solution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  15. Nur Ain, J., Ainaa Diyana, S., Nur Hazirah, R., Nur Fathiah, A.S., Fairus, A., Teoh, S.l., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(1):165-174.
    MyJurnal
    Piper betle (PB) leaves have been traditionally used in many Asian countries for the healing of wounds and other ailments. The aim of this study was to examine the wound healing effect of PB on skin injury-inflicted Sprague-Dawley rats. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were inflicted with wounds and then divided into three groups consisting of a control (normal wound healing without dressing), saline (wound healing aided by gauze soaked in saline) and PB (gauze impregnated with PB paste) dressings. Wounds were created on the back of rats with 6-mm sterilized punch biopsy needle. Wounds were examined on days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 for dryness, exudation, and scar formation. Rats were sacrificed on day 14 and the granulation tissue formed on the wound was then excised for histological examination using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. The formation of granulation tissue in rats treated with PB showed higher progress to wound closure with shorter days (on day 3) compared to the control and saline group (on day 5). PB dressing minimized the formation of scar tissue significantly (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  16. Mohd Nasir N, Lee BK, Yap SS, Thong KL, Yap SL
    Arch Biochem Biophys, 2016 09 01;605:76-85.
    PMID: 27046340 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.033
    Cold plasma is partly ionized non-thermal plasma generated at atmospheric pressure. It has been recognized as an alternative approach in medicine for sterilization of wounds, promotion of wound healing, topical treatment of skin diseases with microbial involvement and treatment of cancer. Cold plasma used in wound therapy inhibits microbes in chronic wound due to its antiseptic effects, while promoting healing by stimulation of cell proliferation and migration of wound relating skin cells. In this study, two types of plasma systems are employed to generate cold plasma: a parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge and a capillary-guided corona discharge. Parameters such as applied voltage, discharge frequency, treatment time and the flow of the carrier gas influence the cold plasma chemistry and therefore change the composition and concentration of plasma species that react with the target sample. Chronic wound that fails to heal often infected by multidrug resistant organisms makes them recalcitrant to healing. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are two common bacteria in infected and clinically non-infected wounds. The efficacies of the cold plasma generated by the two designs on the inactivation of three different isolates of MRSA and four isolates of P. aeruginosa are reported here.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing*
  17. Edith, J., Anantha K. R., Karenita K. S., Surayah M., Filzah M. K., Farhana H., et al.
    MyJurnal
    Honey dressing has been used to treat wounds since thousand years ago, however, it has been vanished of it usage on wounds management. Lately, it resurfaces again and has been used widely by clinicians in managing hard-to-heal ulcers. With the extensive study and research been carried out by scientists, a better understanding on the usage in managing non-healing ulcers has been widely accepted nowadays.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  18. Siti F. Masre, Muzamir, M.K, Sabarina, I., Jehan, N., Yanti Rosli
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2018;16(101):41-45.
    MyJurnal
    This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of argan oil with the exposure of low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) on open wound healing in mice. Eighteen male mice (20-40 g) were divided into three groups: phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as negative control, solcoseryl gel as positive control, and argan oil with the exposure of low frequency EMF, 1.2 mT (treatment group). Full thickness wounds (4 mm diameter) were induced on the shaved dorsal of the mouse. All mice were sacrificed on day 12 after the final treatment. Macroscopic observation, wound contraction rate, histopathology analysis and total protein content were examined in this study. Results showed that wounds treated with argan oil and exposed to low frequency EMF has a significant increase in wound contraction rate (p < 0.05) and total protein content (p < 0.05). Moreover, histopathological analysis on the wound tissues displayed complete re-epithelization with thick and dense collagen fibers in the argan oil with low frequency EMF exposure treated group. In conclusion, topical treatment of argan oil with low frequency EMF exposure yield a better healing progress and showed the ability to accelerate wound healing
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
  19. Law JX, Musa F, Ruszymah BH, El Haj AJ, Yang Y
    Med Eng Phys, 2016 Sep;38(9):854-61.
    PMID: 27349492 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.05.017
    Collagen and fibrin are widely used in tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and bioactivities that support in vivo tissue formation. These two hydrogels naturally present in different wound healing stages with different regulatory effects on cells, and both of them are mechanically weak in the reconstructed hydrogels. We conducted a comparative study by the growth of rat dermal fibroblasts or dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes together in collagen and fibrin constructs respectively with and without the reinforcement of electrospun poly(lactic acid) nanofiber mesh. Cell proliferation, gel contraction and elastic modulus of the constructs were measured on the same gels at multiple time points during the 22 day culturing period using multiple non-destructive techniques. The results demonstrated considerably different cellular activities within the two types of constructs. Co-culturing keratinocytes with fibroblasts in the collagen constructs reduced the fibroblast proliferation, collagen contraction and mechanical strength at late culture point regardless of the presence of nanofibers. Co-culturing keratinocytes with fibroblasts in the fibrin constructs promoted fibroblast proliferation but exerted no influence on fibrin contraction and mechanical strength. The presence of nanofibers in the collagen and fibrin constructs played a favorable role on the fibroblast proliferation when keratinocytes were absent. Thus, this study exhibited new evidence of the strong cross-talk between keratinocytes and fibroblasts, which can be used to control fibroblast proliferation and construct contraction. This cross-talk activity is extracellular matrix-dependent in terms of the fibrous network morphology, density and strength.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wound Healing
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