Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 63 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext A New Model of Alcoholic Fermentation under a Byproduct Inhibitory Effect
    Zentou H, Zainal Abidin Z, Yunus R, Awang Biak DR, Abdullah Issa M, Yahaya Pudza M
    ACS Omega, 2021 Feb 16;6(6):4137-4146.
    PMID: 33644536 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04025
    Despite the advantages of continuous fermentation whereby ethanol is selectively removed from the fermenting broth to reduce the end-product inhibition, this process can concentrate minor secondary products to the point where they become toxic to the yeast. This study aims to develop a new mathematical model do describe the inhibitory effect of byproducts on alcoholic fermentation including glycerol, lactic acid, acetic acid, and succinic acid, which were reported as major byproducts during batch alcoholic fermentation. The accumulation of these byproducts during the different stages of batch fermentation has been quantified. The yields of total byproducts, glycerol, acetic acid, and succinic acid per gram of glucose were 0.0442, 0.023, 0.0155, and 0.0054, respectively. It was found that the concentration of these byproducts linearly increases with the increase in glucose concentration in the range of 25-250 g/L. The results have also showed that byproduct concentration has a significant inhibitory effect on specific growth coefficient (μ) whereas no effect was observed on the half-velocity constant (Ks). A new mathematical model of alcoholic fermentation was developed considering the byproduct inhibitory effect, which showed a good performance and more accuracy compared to the classical Monod model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  2. Fulltext Effect of postharvest storage of whole fruit on physico-chemical and microbial changes of fresh-cut cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. reticulatus cv. Glamour)
    Zainal Abidin, M., Shamsudin, R., Othman, Z., Abdul Rahman, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(2):953-960.
    MyJurnal
    Cantaloupes continue to ripen after harvesting which is caused by ethylene production due to climacteric behaviour during postharvest storage. In this study, the cantaloupe fruits harvested at commercial maturity were evaluated for quality attributes during three weeks of storage at 10°C and a relative humidity (RH) of 90±5%. In addition, fresh-cut samples were stored for a further 19 days at 2°C and 87% RH. The fresh-cut samples were prepared on a weekly basis by dipping into deionised water (control) at 2°C for 1 minute. The effect of postharvest storage of cantaloupe on the physico-chemical properties and microbial activity was observed prior to fresh-cut processing. It was found that firmness, luminosity (L*), and titratable acidity (TA) decreased, while total soluble solids (TSS), pH, TSS:TA ratio, microbial activity (total plate count (TPC) and yeast and mould (YM)) of the fresh-cut increased over the postharvest storage period of the fruit. Meanwhile, the orange colour and the intensity (hue angle, hab, and chromaticity) of the flesh did not differ significantly during storage. The cantaloupe stored for three weeks at a low temperature indicated a successful potential for fresh-cut processing due to good maintenance of the product quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  3. Fulltext Antimicrobial activity of Emilia sonchifolia DC., Tridax procumbens L. and Vernonia cinerea L. of Asteracea family: potential as food preservatives
    Yoga Latha, L., Darah, I., Sasidharan, S., Jain, K.
    Malays J Nutr, 2009;15(2):223-231.
    MyJurnal
    Chemical preservatives have been used in the food industry for many years. However, with increased health concerns, consumers prefer additive-free products or food preservatives based on natural products. This study evaluated antimicrobial activities of extracts from Emilia sonchifolia L. (Common name: lilac tassel flower), Tridax procumbens L. (Common name: tridax daisy) and Vernonia cinerea L. (Common name: Sahadevi), belonging to the Asteracea family, to explore their potential for use against general food spoilage and human pathogens so that new food preservatives may be developed. Three methanol extracts of these plants were tested in vitro against 20 bacterial species, 3 yeast species, and 12 filamentous fungi by the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. The V. cinerea extract was found to be most effective against all of the tested organisms and the methanol fraction showed the most significant (p < 0.05) antimicrobial
    activity among all the soluble fractions tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extracts determined by the broth dilution method ranged from 1.56 to 100.00mg/mL. The MIC of methanol fraction was the lowest in comparison to the other four extracts. The study findings indicate that bioactive natural products from these plants may be isolated for further testing as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals in food preservation as well as natural plant-based medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  4. Fulltext Evaluation of injury to Saccharomyces rouxii YSa40 cells in low water activity/pH glycerol/CPB stress system
    Yeoh, T.K., Cheah, Y.K., Davies, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(1):95-99.
    MyJurnal
    Mid-exponential phase Saccharomyces rouxii YSa40 cells subsequently stressed at low aw/pH in the 0.64 aw/pH 3.5 glycerol/CPB system became injured. Such injury was detected by the loss of ability of the
    stressed population to form colonies on secondary-stress plating medium (glycerol/BM agar at 0.94 aw
    /pH 3.5 (lactic acid)) while colony forming ability on secondary non-stress plating medium (sugars/BM agar at 0.94 aw/pH 3.5 (lactic) was unaffected. The injury was shown to be due to sensitivity to glycerol/lactic acid. Results of the present study will be useful for achieving complete decontamination of ‘Intermediate Moisture Foods’ against xerotolerant molds and yeast.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  5. Antimicrobial activity of fungal endophytes from vaccinium dunalianum var. Urophyllum
    Xin Tong, Xiao-ye Shen, Cheng-lin Hou
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1685-1692.
    Fungi associated with Vaccinium species play important roles in plant growth and disease control, especially in the final
    blueberry production. Vaccinium dunalianum var. urophyllum (Ericaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant in Southern
    China used to treat inflammation and microbial infections. The endophytic fungi from these plants are therefore anticipated
    as potential new sources of antimicrobials. In this report, the inhibitory effects of endophytes against clinical bacteria
    and yeast were comprehensively screened and 11 isolates indicated high bioactivity by the agar diffusion method. The
    corresponding crude extracts of these fungi under submerged fermentation also demonstrated distinct differences and
    n-butyl alcohol displayed the lowest extraction efficiency among the extracts. The ethyl acetate and dichloromethane
    extracts of filtrates from the Colletotrichum sp. VD001, Epicoccum nigrum VD021 and E. nigrum VD022 strains
    displayed good properties against pathogenic microorganisms according to disc diffusion assays and minimal inhibitory
    concentration (MIC). This study is the first indicating that cultivable endophytic fungi associated with blueberry plants
    produce potential compounds against clinical pathogens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  6. Cloning, Production and Characterization of a Glycoside Hydrolase Family 7 Enzyme from the Gut Microbiota of the Termite Coptotermes curvignathus
    Woon JS, King PJH, Mackeen MM, Mahadi NM, Wan Seman WMK, Broughton WJ, et al.
    Mol Biotechnol, 2017 Jul;59(7):271-283.
    PMID: 28573450 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0015-x
    Coptotermes curvignathus is a termite that, owing to its ability to digest living trees, serves as a gold mine for robust industrial enzymes. This unique characteristic reflects the presence of very efficient hydrolytic enzyme systems including cellulases. Transcriptomic analyses of the gut of C. curvignathus revealed that carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy) were encoded by 3254 transcripts and that included 69 transcripts encoding glycoside hydrolase family 7 (GHF7) enzymes. Since GHF7 enzymes are useful to the biomass conversion industry, a gene encoding for a GHF7 enzyme (Gh1254) was synthesized, sub-cloned and expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Expressed GH1254 had an apparent molecular mass of 42 kDa, but purification was hampered by its low expression levels in shaken flasks. To obtain more of the enzyme, GH1254 was produced in a bioreactor that resulted in a fourfold increase in crude enzyme levels. The purified enzyme was active towards soluble synthetic substrates such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-cellobioside, 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-cellobioside and 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-lactoside but was non-hydrolytic towards Avicel or carboxymethyl cellulose. GH1254 catalyzed optimally at 35 °C and maintained 70% of its activity at 25 °C. This enzyme is thus potentially useful in food industries employing low-temperature conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  7. Fulltext Cellobiohydrolase B of Aspergillus niger over-expressed in Pichia pastoris stimulates hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches
    Woon JS, Mackeen MM, Illias RM, Mahadi NM, Broughton WJ, Murad AMA, et al.
    PeerJ, 2017;5:e3909.
    PMID: 29038760 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3909
    BACKGROUND: Aspergillus niger, along with many other lignocellulolytic fungi, has been widely used as a commercial workhorse for cellulase production. A fungal cellulase system generally includes three major classes of enzymes i.e., β-glucosidases, endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases. Cellobiohydrolases (CBH) are vital to the degradation of crystalline cellulose present in lignocellulosic biomass. However, A. niger naturally secretes low levels of CBH. Hence, recombinant production of A. niger CBH is desirable to increase CBH production yield and also to allow biochemical characterisation of the recombinant CBH from A. niger.

    METHODS: In this study, the gene encoding a cellobiohydrolase B (cbhB) from A. niger ATCC 10574 was cloned and expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris X-33. The recombinant CBHB was purified and characterised to study its biochemical and kinetic characteristics. To evaluate the potential of CBHB in assisting biomass conversion, CBHB was supplemented into a commercial cellulase preparation (Cellic(®) CTec2) and was used to hydrolyse oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), one of the most abundant lignocellulosic waste from the palm oil industry. To attain maximum saccharification, enzyme loadings were optimised by response surface methodology and the optimum point was validated experimentally. Hydrolysed OPEFB samples were analysed using attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) to screen for any compositional changes upon enzymatic treatment.

    RESULTS: Recombinant CBHB was over-expressed as a hyperglycosylated protein attached to N-glycans. CBHB was enzymatically active towards soluble substrates such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-cellobioside (MUC), p-nitrophenyl-cellobioside (pNPC) and p-nitrophenyl-cellobiotrioside (pNPG3) but was not active towards crystalline substrates like Avicel(®) and Sigmacell cellulose. Characterisation of purified CBHB using MUC as the model substrate revealed that optimum catalysis occurred at 50 °C and pH 4 but the enzyme was stable between pH 3 to 10 and 30 to 80 °C. Although CBHB on its own was unable to digest crystalline substrates, supplementation of CBHB (0.37%) with Cellic(®) CTec2 (30%) increased saccharification of OPEFB by 27%. Compositional analyses of the treated OPEFB samples revealed that CBHB supplementation reduced peak intensities of both crystalline cellulose Iα and Iβ in the treated OPEFB samples.

    DISCUSSION: Since CBHB alone was inactive against crystalline cellulose, these data suggested that it might work synergistically with other components of Cellic(®) CTec2. CBHB supplements were desirable as they further increased hydrolysis of OPEFB when the performance of Cellic(®) CTec2 was theoretically capped at an enzyme loading of 34% in this study. Hence, A. niger CBHB was identified as a potential supplementary enzyme for the enzymatic hydrolysis of OPEFB.

    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  8. Fulltext Application of betel leaves (Piper betle L.) extract for preservation of homemade chili bo
    Wendy Voon, W.Y, Ghali, N.A., Rukayadi, Y., Meor Hussin, A.S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2399-2403.
    MyJurnal
    This study is conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of betel leaves extract on color, pH and microbiological in homemade chili bo. The homemade chili bo with different concentrations (0 mg/ml, 0.75 mg/ml, 1.25 mg/ml and 1.75 mg/ml) of betel leaves extract were prepared for analysis. The results showed that the color of chili bo became darker as the concentration of betel leaves extract increased. The extract showed significant in the pH of chili bo after 7 days in which the highest concentration of extract showed the highest value of pH 4.31. The aerobic microbial count was decreased as the concentration of betel leaves extract increased in chili bo. After 7 days of storage, the highest concentration of betel leaves extract showed the highest percentage of reduction (6%), while the control sample showed 2.41% of aerobic reduction. The study also found that the extract contain lesser yeast and mold count (5.22 log CFU/ml) in homemade chili bo compared to the control sample (5.31 log CFU/ml) after 7 days. Betel leaves extract can be considered as natural food preservatives in chili bo to reduce the growth of spoilage microorganism and thus enhance the shelf life of chili bo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  9. Lipid biosynthesis in Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1 in N-limited and N-excess media
    Taha EM, Omar O, Yusoff WM, Hamid AA
    Annals of microbiology, 2010 Dec;60(4):615-622.
    PMID: 21125005
    Lipid biosynthesis and fatty acids composition of oleaginous zygomycetes, namely Cunninghamella bainieri 2A1, cultured in media with excess or limited nitrogen were quantitatively determined at different times of culture growth. Accumulation of lipids occurred even when the activity of NAD(+)-ICDH (β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-isocitrate dehydrogenase) was still detectable in both media. In C. bainieri 2A1, under nitrogen limitation, the ratio of lipids was around 35%, whereas in nitrogen excess medium (feeding media supplemented with ammonium tartarate), the lipid ratio decreased. The amount of this decrease depended on the level of ammonium tartarate in the media. The main findings in this paper were that C. bainieri 2A1 has the ability to accumulate lipid although nitrogen concentration detected inside the media and that NAD-ICDH was active in all culture periods. These results proved that the strain C. bainieri 2A1 has an alternative behavior in lipid biosynthesis that differs from yeast. According to the old hypotheses, yeasts could not accumulate lipid more than 10% when nitrogen was detected inside the media. Nitrogen-limited and excess media both contained the same fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, olic acid, linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid), but at different concentrations. The C:N ratio was also studied and showed no effects on total lipid accumulation, but a significant effect on γ-linolenic acid concentration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  10. Structural insight into tanapoxvirus mediated inhibition of apoptosis
    Suraweera CD, Anasir MI, Chugh S, Javorsky A, Impey RE, Hasan Zadeh M, et al.
    FEBS J, 2020 May 15.
    PMID: 32412687 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15365
    Premature programmed cell death or apoptosis of cells is a strategy utilized by multicellular organisms to counter microbial threats. Tanapoxvirus (TANV) is a large double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the poxviridae that causes mild Monkeypox-like infections in humans and primates. TANV encodes for a putative apoptosis inhibitory protein 16L. We show that TANV16L is able to bind to a range of peptides spanning the BH3 motif of human pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, and is able to counter growth arrest of yeast induced by human Bak and Bax. We then determined the crystal structures of TANV16L bound to three identified interactors, Bax, Bim and Puma BH3. TANV16L adopts a globular Bcl-2 fold comprising 7 a-helices, and utilizes the canonical Bcl-2 binding groove to engage pro-apoptotic host cell Bcl-2 proteins. Unexpectedly, TANV16L is able to adopt both a monomeric as well as a domain-swapped dimeric topology where the a1 helix from one protomer is swapped into a neighbouring unit. Despite adopting two different oligomeric forms, the canonical ligand binding groove in TANV16L remains unchanged from monomer to domain-swapped dimer. Our results provide a structural and mechanistic basis for tanapoxvirus mediated inhibition of host cell apoptosis, and reveal the capacity of Bcl-2 proteins to adopt differential oligomeric states whilst maintaining the canonical ligand binding groove in an unchanged state.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  11. Fulltext Microbiological quality evaluation of goat milk collected from smallscale dairy farms in Penang Island, Malaysia
    Suguna, M., Rajeev Bhat, Wan Nadiah, W. A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(3):1241-1245.
    MyJurnal
    Microbiological qualities of fresh goat milk collected from two selected, popular dairy farms in Penang Island, Malaysia were evaluated, as a measure of food safety. Milk samples were screened for total plate counts, yeast and mould counts, psychrotrophic counts, Staphylococcus aureus, presumptive Escherichia coli, Coliforms and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which were in the range of (mean values) 4.2- 4.5, 4.2- 4.6, 3.1- 4.3, 2.7- 3.2, < 2- 4.6, 2.2- 4.0 and 4.1- 4.8 log CFU/ml, respectively in the two farms. Milk samples were also screened for the presence of selected foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella sp. Results
    showed the presence of only Salmonella sp. (at 2.9 log CFU/ml) with the absence of Listeria monocytogenes. The outcome of this study assumes importance as the presence of microbial contaminants amounts indicates poor milk quality, which requires immediate consideration as it can pose serious health risk to consumers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  12. Structure and function of the vacuolar Ccc1/VIT1 family of iron transporters and its regulation in fungi
    Sorribes-Dauden R, Peris D, Martínez-Pastor MT, Puig S
    Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 2020;18:3712-3722.
    PMID: 33304466 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.044
    Iron is an essential micronutrient for most living beings since it participates as a redox active cofactor in many biological processes including cellular respiration, lipid biosynthesis, DNA replication and repair, and ribosome biogenesis and recycling. However, when present in excess, iron can participate in Fenton reactions and generate reactive oxygen species that damage cells at the level of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Organisms have developed different molecular strategies to protect themselves against the harmful effects of high concentrations of iron. In the case of fungi and plants, detoxification mainly occurs by importing cytosolic iron into the vacuole through the Ccc1/VIT1 iron transporter. New sequenced genomes and bioinformatic tools are facilitating the functional characterization, evolution and ecological relevance of metabolic pathways and homeostatic networks across the Tree of Life. Sequence analysis shows that Ccc1/VIT1 homologs are widely distributed among organisms with the exception of animals. The recent elucidation of the crystal structure of a Ccc1/VIT1 plant ortholog has enabled the identification of both conserved and species-specific motifs required for its metal transport mechanism. Moreover, recent studies in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have also revealed that multiple transcription factors including Yap5 and Msn2/Msn4 contribute to the expression of CCC1 in high-iron conditions. Interestingly, Malaysian S. cerevisiae strains express a partially functional Ccc1 protein that renders them sensitive to iron. Different regulatory mechanisms have been described for non-Saccharomycetaceae Ccc1 homologs. The characterization of Ccc1/VIT1 proteins is of high interest in the development of biofortified crops and the protection against microbial-derived diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  13. Fulltext Short technical communication yeast identification from domestic ragi for food fermentation by PCR method
    Siti Hajar, M.D., Noorhisham, T.K., Nurina, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(2):775-777.
    MyJurnal
    In this study polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify yeast in domestic ragi obtained
    from two local markets in Sarawak and Pahang. These ragi are normally used as a dry starter in food fermentation (tapai) for Pahang (ST2) and Sarawak (ST3) and tuak (ST1) which is an alcoholic drink in Sarawak. Universal primer, NL1 and NL4 were used as a primer in this study to amplify D1/D2 fragment. Based on the result from the sequencing and after the BLAST search of the nucleotide sequences, the strain was confirmed as Candida glabrata (FN424108.) partial 26S rRNA gene, strain IMUFRJ 51955 for ST1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae(EU285514.1) isolate 35 26S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence for ST2 sample and Candida glabrata (FN393990.1) partial 26S rRNA gene, strain MUCL 51244 for ST3. All these strains were found in domestic ragi used for food fermentation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  14. Fulltext Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of frozen wheat flour dough added with selected food gums
    Sim, S.Y., Noor Aziah, A.A., Teng, T.T., Cheng, L.H.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(1):333-340.
    MyJurnal
    The effects of food gums addition on wheat dough freeze-thaw and frozen storage stability were studied. Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of frozen wheat dough without yeast addition were
    determined by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA).
    DSC results revealed that food gums showed the ability to increase freeze-thaw stability in frozen-stored
    samples wherein lower difference in melting enthalpy between first and second freeze-thaw cycle was shown. Based on DMA results, in general, difference between Tg’ and storage temperature (- 18°C) of dough became smaller upon addition of food gums. This may have a practical implication whereby the unfrozen phase could be better protected against physical degradation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  15. Fulltext Disinfectant of pummelo (Citrus Grandis L. Osbeck) fruit juice using gaseous ozone
    Shah NNAK, Supian NAM, Hussein NA
    J Food Sci Technol, 2019 Jan;56(1):262-272.
    PMID: 30728568 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3486-2
    This work studied the effectiveness of gaseous ozone disinfection on pummelo (Citrus Grandis L. Osbeck) fruit juice components. Unfiltered and filtered pummelo fruit juices were treated with gaseous ozone for up to 50 min with ozone concentration fixed at 600 mg/h. A microbiological and physicochemical properties analysis were conducted on the ozone-treated fruit juices samples. It was found that the survival rate of aerobic bacteria, yeast and mold in unfiltered pummelo fruit juice were higher compared to filtered juice, as the juice components acted as protective barriers to the microorganisms. The microorganisms' inactivation in pummelo fruit juices was also observed to have increased as the ozone treatment time increased. Significant effects on total colour difference, ascorbic acid content, and total phenolic content were also observed over increased ozone-treatment time. However, ozone was shown to be ineffective in activating PME activity in both types of juice. The experimental results of this study indicated that pummelo fruit juice components had significant effects on the effectiveness of gaseous ozone, however, the degree of the effects depends on the different fruit components (total soluble solids, total phenolic content). As a conclusion, filtered juice showed better quality characteristics in comparison to unfiltered juice post-ozone treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  16. Fulltext Effect of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) on microbial quality and sensory acceptability of frozen paratha
    Rosli, N.A., Azilan, N A., Mahyudin, N.A., Mahmud Ab Rashid, N.K., Meon, F.N.S., Ismail, Z., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(3):945-952.
    MyJurnal
    Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) are known to possess good antimicrobial properties. In the present work, spice-infused frozen parathas were formulated to investigate the effect of fennel and coriander on microbial (aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeast and mould, and Bacillus cereus) reduction and sensory acceptability of frozen paratha throughout the storage at -18°C. The present work was also aimed at determining the relationship between spice concentrations and storage durations on microbiological quality of the samples. Fennel and coriander seed powder were used at concentrations of 2, 4 and 6% of wheat flour (w/w). The microbiological analysis was performed by total plate count, yeast and mould count, and Bacillus cereus count after 9, 12 and 15 weeks of storage. Sensory evaluation was conducted using hedonic scales at the end of storage durations. Results showed that spice infusion in frozen paratha significantly delayed the growth of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and moulds, and Bacillus cereus during storage. The lowest log count was demonstrated by coriander at 6% in total plate count (3.85, 3.90 and 3.91 log10 CFU/g), and yeast and mould count (2.54, 2.59 and 2.60 log10 CFU/g) after 9, 12 and 15 weeks, respectively. Bacillus cereus was not detected throughout the storage durations. Fennel exhibited minimum activity against Bacillus cereus with no significant difference on log count reduction when compared with control. Coriander showed the highest decrease in both total plate count and Bacillus cereus count during the storage duration. Sensory evaluation result indicated that control sample exhibited the highest preference over all attributes when compared with fennel and coriander. Coriander-infused paratha was slightly darker in colour due to high concentration of 6%. Fennel yielded the lowest score in terms of taste among all samples. Fennel and coriander showed no significant difference for sensory acceptability. Overall, all frozen parathas were in good quality after 15 weeks of frozen storage. It can thus be concluded that fennel and coriander can be used as potential natural preservatives to inhibit the growth of microorganisms in paratha during frozen storage. Nevertheless, the optimum spice concentration should be determined to minimise the effects on the sensory attributes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  17. Fulltext Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Pistacia chinensis Bunge leaves
    Rashed, K., Said, A., Abdo, A., Selim, S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(1):316-321.
    MyJurnal
    This work was carried out for determining antimicrobial activity of Pistacia chinensis leaves
    methanol extract and identifying the chemical composition of the plant extract. Methanol extract
    was tested for antimicrobial activity using disc-diffusion assay and the extract was fractionated
    on silica gel column chromatography for the isolation of the bio-active constituents. The leaves
    extract of P. chinensis showed a significant antimicrobial effect, it strongly inhibited the growth
    of the test bacteria and yeast studied. Chromatograpic separation of the methanol extract of
    P. chinensis leaves has led to the isolation and characterization of β-sitosterol, luepol, and
    six flavonoids, quercetin, myricetin, quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside,
    myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside and myricetin 3-O-β-glucuronide using various chromatographic
    procedures and the interpretation of spectral data in comparison with already existing data
    reported in the literature. The results presented here may suggest that the leaves extract of P.
    chinensis possess antimicrobial properties, and therefore, can be used as natural preservative
    ingredients in food and/or pharmaceuticals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  18. Fulltext Preliminary screening of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants in malaysia for antimicrobial and antitumor activity
    Radu S, Kqueen CY
    Malays J Med Sci, 2002 Jul;9(2):23-33.
    PMID: 22844221 MyJurnal
    The screening of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, yeast and fungi was carried out on isopropanol extracts prepared from 121 isolates of endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plants in Malaysia. Sensitivity was found to vary among the microorganisms. Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Alternaria sp. were susceptible to extracts from three, two and two isolates of endophytic fungi, respectively. None were found effective against Salmonella typhimurium. Sixteen endophytic fungal isolates tested were also found to exhibit antitumor activity in the yeast cell-based assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  19. Fulltext Comparison of diversity of microfungi in ornithogenic soils from Beaufort Island, continental Antarctica and Barrientos Island, maritime Antarctica
    Omar, S., Alias, S.A., Smykla, J., Moreano, H., Guerra, M.L., Ming, C.Y.
    ASM Science Journal, 2009;3(2):184-194.
    MyJurnal
    Results of a biodiversity study of Antarctic microfungi from ornithogenic soils are presented in this paper. A wide range of soil habitats within and adjacent to active and abandoned penguin rookeries were sampled in order to examine relationships between environmental factors and the biodiversity of soil microfungi. Soil samples were collected from two contrasting Antarctic locations: (1) Beaufort Island (Ross Sea, Continental Antarctica), which is largely ice- and snow-covered, isolated, difficult to access and infrequently visited, and (2) Barrientos Island (maritime Antarctica) which is mostly ice-free during summer and is often visited by scientists and tourists. Soil sampling at Beaufort and Barrientos Islands was completed during the austral summer seasons of 2004/05 and 2006/07, respectively. Warcup’s soil method was used for fungi cultivation. A total of 27 fungal taxa were isolated from the two study sites, consisting of 11 ascomycetes, 13 hyphomycetes
    and three yeasts. Only three taxa — Geomyces sp., a pink and a white yeast — occurred on both sites. The isolated fungi were classified according to their thermal characteristics in culture, with seven psychrophilic, 10 psychrotrophic and 10 mesophilic fungi being isolated. Thelebolus microspores, Thelebolus sp., Geomyces sp. and Antarctomyces sp., were the most frequently isolated fungi. A total of 10 taxa were isolated from the 20 soil samples from Beaufort Island, consisting of five psychrophilic, four psychrotrophic and one mesophilic fungi. Thelebolus microsporus, Thelebolus sp., Asco BI8 and Phoma sp. were the most frequently obtained fungi
    (20%–27% of isolates). A total of 22 fungal taxa were isolated from 23 soil samples from Barrientos Island, consisting of four psychrophilic, six psychrotrophic and 12 mesophilic fungi. Geomyces sp. and Antarctomyces sp. were the most frequently isolated taxa. Thus, the fungal diversity of Beaufort Island was dominated by Ascomycetes while that of Barrientos Island was dominated by hyphomycetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
  20. Fulltext The effect of synbiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Musa acuminata on Candida albicans biofilm formation
    Nurul Alia Risma Rismayuddin, Munirah Mokhtar, Noratikah Othman, Ahmad Faisal Ismail, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):37-37.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction:Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus that is associated with oral carcinogenesis. In addition, biofilm formation has been one of the important virulence factors of the yeast. Streptococcus salivarius K12 is an oral probiotic while Musa acuminata is a well-known prebiotic. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of S. salivarius K12 and M. acuminata skin aqueous extract (synbiotic) on C. albicans with the hypothesis that S. salivariusK12 and M. acuminata inhibit C. albicans biofilm formation. Methods: To develop mono-species biofilm, C. albicans(ATCC MYA-4901 and cancer isolates, ALC2 and ALC3 strains) and S. salivarius K12 were standardised to 105 cells and 106 cells, respectively and grown in 96-well plate in nutrient broth (NB) or RPMI at 37 °C for 72 h. Polymicro-bial biofilms were developed by inoculating both microorganisms in the same well with similar cell number as in mono-species. To determine the effect of synbiotic, similar protocol was repeated by mixing with 800 mg mL-1 of M. acuminata skin extract and incubated at 37 °C for 72 h. The medium was replenished at every 24 h, aseptically. Finally, the biofilms were assessed using crystal violet assay and the optical density was measured at OD620nm. Results:C. albicans strain MYA-4901 and ALC3, when grown in polymicrobial with S. salivarius K12 in NB that is predominated by yeast-form C. albicans, exhibited decreased biofilms by 71.40±11.7% and 49.40±3.9%, respec-tively when compared to the expected biofilms. Meanwhile in RPMI, which C. albicans strain ATCC MYA-4901, ALC2 and ALC3 were predominated by hyphal-form showed decreased biofilms by 72.0±26.7%, 53.4±14.4% and 65.7±6.7%, respectively when compared to the expected biofilms. Conclusion:S. salivarius K12 and M. acuminata skin extract synbiotic inhibit biofilm formation of C. albicans yeast and hyphal forms thus supported the hypothesis of the present study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Yeast, Dried
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links