Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 8649 in total

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  1. Fletcher W
    Matched MeSH terms: Epidemiology
  2. Ryrie GA
    Lepr Rev, 1948 Jan;19(1):4-11.
    PMID: 18908067
    This is an interesting comparison between the types of leprosy seen among Chinese, Malays and Indians in Malaya, based on a large experience. The disease is most virulent among Chinese and least so among Indians, three-fourths of the cases among the latter being of mild tuberculoid disease with a tendency to self-healing, but among the Chinese only one-third are of the tuberculoid type. The climate of Malaya is of the hot humid type, in which leprosy flourishes. On the other hand, a higher standard of living than in India tends to hinder the spread of the disease. The age incidence is important. Among, the Chinese, early macules are commonly found in children of 5 to 15 years of age, most of which tend to clear up, but in about one-fourth tuberculoid lesions develop and may go on to the lepromatous condition, especially if the onset of the tuberculoid stage occurs early. When a reliable history is obtained in Chinese, in nearly every lepromatous case a tuberculoid stage was first observed, commonly in the age group 16-40. In a smaller number of persons of over 40 years of age, the proportion of tuberculoid cases is very much higher, but the tendency to become lepromatous is very much less. Major tuberculoid cases are more liable than minor to become lepromatous, but nerve thickening in tuberculoid leprosy is less evident in Chinese than in Indians and it is rare in children and in those over 40. In view of the foregoing peculiarity of the evolution of leprosy in tuberculoid cases in Chinese subjects, active treatment is necessary, in order to prevent them becoming lepromatous. For this purpose, intradermal injections are of little value and they tend to obscure any evolutionary changes. Hydnocarpus oil or esters (deep subcutaneous injections) should therefore be pushed to the limit of tolerance in doses of 1 cc. per 10 pounds body weight twice weekly, or 30 cc. per week, for a patient of 150 Ibs. as a minimum and increased by at least fifty per cent, in acute or reacting cases, when improvement may be expected within three months. Some years' experience of this intensive treatment as compared with weekly injections of 1-5 cc. has shown much more marked improvement and much less incidence of lepromatous change with the high doses. In lepromatous cases, reactions should be avoided, but dosage should be as high as possible short of producing increased erythrocyte sedimentation and plantar pain on heavy stroking. Surveys of school children are of great importance in finding the early macular stage and their discovery may lead to the detection of infective adults who require to be segregated. L. Rogers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leprosy/epidemiology*
  3. PHILIP CB, TRAUB R, SMADEL JE
    Am J Hyg, 1949 Jul;50(1):63-74.
    PMID: 18135592
    Matched MeSH terms: Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne/epidemiology*
  4. PATERSON PY, LEY HL, WISSEMAN CL, POND WL, SMADEL JE, DIERCKS FH, et al.
    Am J Hyg, 1952 Nov;56(3):320-33.
    PMID: 12996500
    Matched MeSH terms: Encephalitis, Japanese/epidemiology*
  5. HALE JH, LIM KA, CHEE PH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1952 Nov;46(3):220-6.
    PMID: 13008352
    Matched MeSH terms: Encephalitis, Japanese/epidemiology*
  6. HALE JH, WITHERINGTON DH
    J Comp Pathol, 1953 Jul;63(3):195-8.
    PMID: 13084794
    Matched MeSH terms: Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology*
  7. THOMSON FA
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1954 Mar;48(2):150-2.
    PMID: 13157161
    Matched MeSH terms: Kwashiorkor/epidemiology*
  8. HALE JH, WITHERINGTON DH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1954 Mar;48(1):15-20.
    PMID: 13149114
    Matched MeSH terms: Encephalitis, Japanese/epidemiology*
  9. SODHY JS
    Med J Malaya, 1954 Jun;8(4):296-302.
    PMID: 13193267
    Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis/epidemiology*
  10. TASKER PW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1955 Sep;49(5):478-82.
    PMID: 13267915
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Hypochromic/epidemiology*
  11. SAID M
    Med J Malaya, 1955 Sep;10(1):20-47.
    PMID: 13287494
    Matched MeSH terms: Kwashiorkor/epidemiology*
  12. HALE JH, LEE LH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1955 Oct;49(3):293-8.
    PMID: 13259442
    Matched MeSH terms: Encephalitis, Japanese/epidemiology*
  13. HOLMES W
    Med J Malaya, 1955 Dec;10(2):178-80.
    PMID: 13308619
    Matched MeSH terms: Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology*
  14. Smith CEG, Wells CW
    PMID: 13240301
    Matched MeSH terms: Rabies/epidemiology*
  15. GORDON SMITH CE
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Jun;10(4):289-303.
    PMID: 13399530
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/epidemiology*
  16. GORDON SMITH CE, THOMSON WG
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Jun;10(4):332-7.
    PMID: 13399536
    Matched MeSH terms: Influenza, Human/epidemiology*
  17. SMITH CE
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Sep;11(1):63-9; discussion, 69-70.
    PMID: 13399543
    Matched MeSH terms: Virus Diseases/epidemiology*
  18. Griffith DH, Choo LS
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Dec;11(2):139-52.
    PMID: 13417938
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/epidemiology*
  19. De Zulueta J
    Bull World Health Organ, 1956;15(3-5):651-71.
    PMID: 13404442
    A general malaria survey of Sarawak and Brunei, two of the territories of British Borneo, is described. Contrary to what was expected in view of the climate and the general conditions, the prevalence of malaria in Sarawak and Brunei proved, on the average, to be low. The coastal areas were found to be practically free from the disease, although epidemics have occurred there in recent years. Malaria was found to be endemic in the hilly and mountainous interior. In fact, topography proved to be an important factor in malaria prevalence, the spleen- and parasite-rates, generally speaking, being higher the more abrupt the country. Differences were also observed in the prevalence among the various racial groups, but these were considered to be due to different habits and customs rather than to race itself.Entomological studies showed that Anopheles leucosphyrus Dönitz was the main malaria vector in the interior of Sarawak, A. barbirostris playing a secondary role. A. leucosphyrus balabacensis had already been recognized as the malaria vector in Brunei.The favourable results of a first field trial of residual insecticides are mentioned and plans for a nation-wide malaria-control programme are briefly outlined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/epidemiology*
  20. Trimble AP
    Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1957 Feb;50(2):125-8.
    PMID: 13408224
    Matched MeSH terms: Leptospirosis/epidemiology*
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