Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 24152 in total

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  1. Łagowska B, Martin JH, Hodgson CJ
    Zootaxa, 2015;4006(1):128-42.
    PMID: 26623761 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.6
    All life stages (adult female and male, first-instar nymph, second-instar male and female nymphs, and prepupa and pupa) of a new species of Asterolecaniidae, Bambusaspis transversa Lagowska & Martin sp. n., from bamboo in Malaysia, are described and illustrated. The adult female and first-instar nymphs are compared with those Bambusaspis species considered to be closest to the new species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  2. Łagowska B, Martin JH, Hodgson CJ
    Zootaxa, 2017 Nov 29;4358(2):295-310.
    PMID: 29245470 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4358.2.4
    The adult female, first-instar nymph, second-instar male, third-instar female, pupa and adult male of a new species of Marsipococcus Cockerell & Bueker (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from Malaysia, M. ulubendulensis Łagowska & Martin sp. n., are described and illustrated, while the second-instar female is only described. Marsipococcus is rediagnosed and a key to the adult females of the four species now placed in this genus is included.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  3. von Overbeck J
    J Insur Med, 2003;35(3-4):165-73.
    PMID: 14971089
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reminds us that sudden disease emergence is a permanent part of our world--and should be anticipated in our planning. Historically the emergence of new diseases has had little or no impact beyond a small, localized cluster of infections. However, given just the right conditions, a highly virulent pathogen can suddenly spread across time and space with massive consequences, as has occurred on several occasions in human history. In the wake of the SARS outbreak, we are now forced to confront the unpleasant fact that human activities are increasing the frequency and severity of these kinds of emergences. The idea of more frequent biological "invasions" with economic and societal impacts comparable to SARS, presents stakeholders in and the global economy with unprecedented new risks, challenges and even opportunities. As a major contributor to economic stability, the insurance industry must follow these trends very closely and develop scenarios to anticipate these events.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/epidemiology
  4. van der Sar SA, Blunt JW, Cole AL, Din LB, Munro MH
    J Nat Prod, 2005 Dec;68(12):1799-801.
    PMID: 16378381
    A new dichlorinated pulvinic acid derivative, methyl-3',5'-dichloro-4,4'-di-O-methylatromentate, was isolated from the fruiting body of a Scleroderma sp. The structure was determined using spectroscopic methods, and an X-ray analysis was carried out for confirmation of the structure. Compound was found to display moderate antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  5. van der Ent A, Echevarria G, Nkrumah PN, Erskine PD
    Ann Bot, 2020 10 30;126(6):1017-1027.
    PMID: 32597938 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa119
    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to test the frequency distributions of foliar elements from a large dataset from Kinabalu Park (Sabah, Malaysia) for departure from unimodality, indicative of a distinct ecophysiological response associated with hyperaccumulation.

    METHODS: We collected foliar samples (n = 1533) comprising 90 families, 198 genera and 495 plant species from ultramafic soils, further foliar samples (n = 177) comprising 45 families, 80 genera and 120 species from non-ultramafic soils and corresponding soil samples (n = 393 from ultramafic soils and n = 66 from non-ultramafic soils) from Kinabalu Park (Sabah, Malaysia). The data were geographically (Kinabalu Park) and edaphically (ultramafic soils) constrained. The inclusion of a relatively high proportion (approx. 14 %) of samples from hyperaccumulator species [with foliar concentrations of aluminium and nickel (Ni) >1000 μg g-1, cobalt, copper, chromium and zinc >300 μg g-1 or manganese (Mn) >10 mg g-1] allowed for hypothesis testing.

    KEY RESULTS: Frequency distribution graphs for most elements [calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P)] were unimodal, although some were skewed left (Mg and Mn). The Ni frequency distribution was bimodal and the separation point for the two modes was between 250 and 850 μg g-1.

    CONCLUSIONS: Accounting for statistical probability, the established empirical threshold value (>1000 μg g-1) remains appropriate. The two discrete modes for Ni indicate ecophysiologically distinct behaviour in plants growing in similar soils. This response is in contrast to Mn, which forms the tail of a continuous (approximately log-normal) distribution, suggestive of an extension of normal physiological processes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  6. van der Ent A, Mulligan D
    J Chem Ecol, 2015 Apr;41(4):396-408.
    PMID: 25921447 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-015-0573-y
    Information about multi-elemental concentrations in different plant parts of tropical Ni hyperaccumulator species has the potential to provide insight into their unusual metabolism relative to a range of essential and non-essential elements, but this information is scant in the literature. As Ni hyperaccumulation, and possibly co-accumulation of other toxic elements, has been hypothesized to provide herbivore (insect) protection, there is a need to quantify a range of these elements in plant tissues and transport fluids to at least verify the possibility of this explanation. In this study, multiple elements were analyzed in a range of different plant parts and transport fluids from Ni hyperaccumulator species collected from Sabah (Malaysia). The results show preferential accumulation of Ni in leaves over woody parts, but the highest concentrations were found in the phloem tissue (up to 7.9 % in Rinorea bengalensis) and phloem sap (up to 16.9 % in Phyllanthus balgooyi), visible by a bright green coloration in the field fresh material. The amount of Ni contained in one mature R. bengalensis tree was calculated at 4.77 kg. The high Ni concentration in the flowers of Phyllanthus securinegoides could affect insect floral visitors and pollination. High concentrations of Ni in the seeds of this species also could supply the seedling with Ni and aid in herbivory protection during the first stages of development. Foliar Ca and Ni in P. cf. securinegoides and R. bengalensis are positively correlated. Low accumulation of Ca is desirable for phytomining but concentrations of Ca are high in most Ni hyperaccumulators examined, and this could have consequences for the economic viability of Ni extraction from bio ore if these species were to be used as 'metal crops'.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  7. van der Ent A, Callahan DL, Noller BN, Mesjasz-Przybylowicz J, Przybylowicz WJ, Barnabas A, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 Feb 16;7:41861.
    PMID: 28205587 DOI: 10.1038/srep41861
    The extraordinary level of accumulation of nickel (Ni) in hyperaccumulator plants is a consequence of specific metal sequestering and transport mechanisms, and knowledge of these processes is critical for advancing an understanding of transition element metabolic regulation in these plants. The Ni biopathways were elucidated in three plant species, Phyllanthus balgooyi, Phyllanthus securinegioides (Phyllanthaceae) and Rinorea bengalensis (Violaceae), that occur in Sabah (Malaysia) on the Island of Borneo. This study showed that Ni is mainly concentrated in the phloem in roots and stems (up to 16.9% Ni in phloem sap in Phyllanthus balgooyi) in all three species. However, the species differ in their leaves - in P. balgooyi the highest Ni concentration is in the phloem, but in P. securinegioides and R. bengalensis in the epidermis and in the spongy mesophyll (R. bengalensis). The chemical speciation of Ni2+ does not substantially differ between the species nor between the plant tissues and transport fluids, and is unambiguously associated with citrate. This study combines ion microbeam (PIXE and RBS) and metabolomics techniques (GC-MS, LC-MS) with synchrotron methods (XAS) to overcome the drawbacks of the individual techniques to quantitatively determine Ni distribution and Ni2+ chemical speciation in hyperaccumulator plants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  8. van de Merwe JP, Hodge M, Olszowy HA, Whittier JM, Ibrahim K, Lee SY
    Environ Health Perspect, 2009 Sep;117(9):1397-401.
    PMID: 19750104 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900813
    Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)-such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)-and heavy metals have been reported in sea turtles at various stages of their life cycle. These chemicals can disrupt development and function of wildlife. Furthermore, in areas such as Peninsular Malaysia, where the human consumption of sea turtle eggs is prevalent, egg contamination may also have public health implications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  9. van Wyhe J
    PMID: 27721035 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2016.09.004
    This article examines six main elements in the modern story of the impact of Alfred Russel Wallace's 1855 Sarawak Law paper, particularly in the many accounts of Charles Darwin's life and work. These elements are: Each of these are very frequently repeated as straightforward facts in the popular and scholarly literature. It is here argued that each of these is erroneous and that the role of the Sarawak Law paper in the historiography of Darwin and Wallace needs to be revised.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  10. van Rostenberghe H, Yong A, Mohd Zin F, Fuad MDF, Idris B, Tahir NA, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Autonomy is widely accepted to be the third pillar of medical ethics. However, if it comes to refusal of life saving treatments, some extra considerations are necessary, especially if decisions are made by surrogate decision makers. Four cases of problematic decision making are presented here, followed by a discussion about the cultural and religious misconceptions about the rights of surrogate decision makers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  11. van Hellemond JJ, van Genderen PJ
    Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 2010;154:A1353.
    PMID: 20456798
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  12. van Eekelen A, Stokvis-Brantsma H, Frölich M, Smelt AH, Stokvis H
    Diabetes Care, 2000 Sep;23(9):1435-6.
    PMID: 10977050
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  13. ldanerina, M.S., Aniza, I., Jamsiah, M., Mohd. Hasni, J., Idayu, B.
    MyJurnal
    Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine defect among children. Good diabetes management is important to give better health for both the children and the whole family. The goal of this study was to identify the level of mother involvement in children type·1 Diabetes Mellitus management, to identify factors related with mother involvement and to determine the relationships between mother
    involvement and glycemic control. A cross·sectional study was carried out with 92 respondents selected by universal sampling from mothers who had diabetic children aged 5-15 years old and from medical visit appointment at University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) and Putrajaya Hospital (HP1). Data was obtained through medical record and self reporting questionnaire. The study shown that 58.6% mothers had high involvement and 41.4% mothers had low involvement. Mothers' education level had a significant (p=0.0Z) relationship with a level of mother involvement. Most mothers gave high involvement in diet management (64.1%) and blood glucose monitoring (52. 7%), however most mothers gave low involvement in exercise management (63.0%) and insulin injection (60.9%). Mothers involvement in four management tasks were not statistically significant (p>0,05) with glycemic control. Mothers involvement in children diabetic management was high. There was high mother involvement in children's insulin injection and dietary intake and low mother involvement in children`s blood glucose monitoring and exercise, This study abo showed that there was no significant relationship between level of mother involvement and glycemic control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  14. du Preez LH, Lim LH
    Folia Parasitol., 2000;47(1):11-6.
    PMID: 10833010
    Neopolystoma liewi sp. n. is described from the conjunctival cavity of the Malayan box turtle Cuora amboinensis (Daudin, 1802), in Peninsular Malaysia. This is the first record of Neopolystoma in Malaysia and the fourth polystomatid species described from C. amboinensis. Of the 27 Malayan box turtles examined, 8 were found to be infected. A maximum of 2 parasites per eye and 4 individuals per host was recorded. N. liewi sp. n. differs from all other members of the genus by possessing few and short genital spines and small marginal hooks. The oncomiracidium has 64 ciliated cells arranged symmetrically about the sagittal axis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  15. de Vries M, Cader S, Colleer L, Batteux E, Yasdiman MB, Tan YJ, et al.
    J Autism Dev Disord, 2020 Apr;50(4):1281-1294.
    PMID: 31901119 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04343-z
    Cultural background might influence knowledge and attitudes regarding autism, influencing willingness to interact. We studied whether beliefs, knowledge, contact, and attitude differed between the UK and Malaysia. With mediation analyses, we studied how these factors influenced willingness to interact. Autism was more often linked to food in the UK, and to upbringing in Malaysia. Knowledge, contact, and acceptance were greater in the UK. When excluding psychology students, Malaysian students were less willing to interact with autistic people. Knowledge and contact appeared to improve acceptance, but acceptance did not mediate the relation between country, beliefs, knowledge, and experience; and willingness to interact. Knowledge and contact regarding autism might improve acceptance in different cultures, but how acceptance could improve interaction is unclear.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  16. de Smalen AW, Chan ZX, Abreu Lopes C, Vanore M, Loganathan T, Pocock NS
    BMJ Open, 2021 01 18;11(1):e041379.
    PMID: 33462099 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041379
    BACKGROUND: A large number of international migrants in Malaysia face challenges in obtaining good health, the extent of which is still relatively unknown. This study aims to map the existing academic literature on migrant health in Malaysia and to provide an overview of the topical coverage, quality and level of evidence of these scientific studies.

    METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using six databases, including Econlit, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PsycINFO and Social Policy and Practice. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were conducted in Malaysia, peer-reviewed, focused on a health dimension according to the Bay Area Regional Health Inequities Initiative (BARHII) framework, and targeted the vulnerable international migrant population. Data were extracted by using the BARHII framework and a newly developed decision tree to identify the type of study design and corresponding level of evidence. Modified Joanna Briggs Institute checklists were used to assess study quality, and a multiple-correspondence analysis (MCA) was conducted to identify associations between different variables.

    RESULTS: 67 publications met the selection criteria and were included in the study. The majority (n=41) of studies included foreign workers. Over two-thirds (n=46) focused on disease and injury, and a similar number (n=46) had descriptive designs. The average quality of the papers was low, yet quality differed significantly among them. The MCA showed that high-quality studies were mostly qualitative designs that included refugees and focused on living conditions, while prevalence and analytical cross-sectional studies were mostly of low quality.

    CONCLUSION: This study provides an overview of the scientific literature on migrant health in Malaysia published between 1965 and 2019. In general, the quality of these studies is low, and various health dimensions have not been thoroughly researched. Therefore, researchers should address these issues to improve the evidence base to support policy-makers with high-quality evidence for decision-making.

    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/epidemiology
  17. de Silva JR, Amir A, Lau YL, Ooi CH, Fong MY
    PLoS One, 2019;14(9):e0222681.
    PMID: 31536563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222681
    The Duffy blood group plays a key role in Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax invasion into human erythrocytes. The geographical distribution of the Duffy alleles differs between regions with the FY*A allele having high frequencies in many Asian populations, the FY*B allele is found predominately in European populations and the FY*Bes allele found predominantly in African regions. A previous study in Peninsular Malaysia indicated high homogeneity of the dominant FY*A/FY*A genotype. However, the distribution of the Duffy genotypes in Malaysian Borneo is currently unknown. In the present study, the distribution of Duffy blood group genotypes and allelic frequencies among P. knowlesi infected patients as well as healthy individuals in Malaysian Borneo were determined. A total of 79 P. knowlesi patient blood samples and 76 healthy donor samples were genotyped using allele specific polymerase chain reaction (ASP-PCR). Subsequently a P. knowlesi invasion assay was carried out on FY*AB/ FY*A and FY*A/ FY*A Duffy genotype blood to investigate if either genotype conferred increased susceptibility to P. knowlesi invasion. Our results show almost equal distribution between the homozygous FY*A/FY*A and heterozygous FY*A/FY*B genotypes. This is in stark contrast to the Duffy distribution in Peninsular Malaysia and the surrounding Southeast Asian region which is dominantly FY*A/FY*A. The mean percent invasion of FY*A/FY*A and FY*A/FY*B blood was not significantly different indicating that neither blood group confers increased susceptibility to P. knowlesi invasion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  18. de Silva DD, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW, Ades PK, Nasruddin A, Mongkolporn O, et al.
    IMA Fungus, 2019;10:8.
    PMID: 32355609 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-019-0001-y
    Anthracnose of chili (Capsicum spp.) causes major production losses throughout Asia where chili plants are grown. A total of 260 Colletotrichum isolates, associated with necrotic lesions of chili leaves and fruit were collected from chili producing areas of Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Taiwan. Colletotrichum truncatum was the most commonly isolated species from infected chili fruit and was readily identified by its falcate spores and abundant setae in the necrotic lesions. The other isolates consisted of straight conidia (cylindrical and fusiform) which were difficult to differentiate to species based on morphological characters. Taxonomic analysis of these straight conidia isolates based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses (ITS, gapdh, chs-1, act, tub2, his3, ApMat, gs) revealed a further seven known Colletotrichum species, C. endophyticum, C. fructicola, C. karsti, C. plurivorum, C. scovillei, C. siamense and C. tropicale. In addition, three novel species are also described as C. javanense, C. makassarense and C. tainanense, associated with anthracnose of chili fruit in West Java (Indonesia); Makassar, South Sulawesi (Indonesia); and Tainan (Taiwan), respectively. Colletotrichum siamense is reported for the first time causing anthracnose of Capsicum annuum in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. This is also the first report of C. fructicola causing anthracnose of chili in Taiwan and Thailand and C. plurivorum in Malaysia and Thailand. Of the species with straight conidia, C. scovillei (acutatum complex), was the most prevalent throughout the surveyed countries, except for Sri Lanka from where this species was not isolated. Colletotrichum siamense (gloeosporioides complex) was also common in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Pathogenicity tests on chili fruit showed that C. javanense and C. scovillei were highly aggressive, especially when inoculated on non-wounded fruit, compared to all other species. The existence of new, highly aggressive exotic species, such as C. javanense, poses a biosecurity risk to production in countries which do not have adequate quarantine regulations to restrict the entry of exotic pathogens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  19. de Lisle MO
    Rev. Suisse Zool., 1977 Jun;84(2):491-500.
    PMID: 897546
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  20. de Costa F, Barber CJ, Reed DW, Covello PS
    Methods Mol Biol, 2016;1405:43-8.
    PMID: 26843164 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3393-8_5
    Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Apiaceae), a small annual plant that grows in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and other parts of Asia, is well-known as a medicinal herb with a long history of therapeutic uses. The bioactive compounds present in C. asiatica leaves include ursane-type triterpene sapogenins and saponins-asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside. Various bioactivities have been shown for these compounds, although most of the steps in the biosynthesis of triterpene saponins, including glycosylation, remain uncharacterized at the molecular level. This chapter describes an approach that integrates partial enzyme purification, proteomics methods, and transcriptomics, with the aim of reducing the number of cDNA candidates encoding for a glucosyltransferase involved in saponin biosynthesis and facilitating the elucidation of the pathway in this medicinal plant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
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