Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 280 in total

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  1. Dawood F, Loo CK
    PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0152003.
    PMID: 26998923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152003
    Mirror neurons are visuo-motor neurons found in primates and thought to be significant for imitation learning. The proposition that mirror neurons result from associative learning while the neonate observes his own actions has received noteworthy empirical support. Self-exploration is regarded as a procedure by which infants become perceptually observant to their own body and engage in a perceptual communication with themselves. We assume that crude sense of self is the prerequisite for social interaction. However, the contribution of mirror neurons in encoding the perspective from which the motor acts of others are seen have not been addressed in relation to humanoid robots. In this paper we present a computational model for development of mirror neuron system for humanoid based on the hypothesis that infants acquire MNS by sensorimotor associative learning through self-exploration capable of sustaining early imitation skills. The purpose of our proposed model is to take into account the view-dependency of neurons as a probable outcome of the associative connectivity between motor and visual information. In our experiment, a humanoid robot stands in front of a mirror (represented through self-image using camera) in order to obtain the associative relationship between his own motor generated actions and his own visual body-image. In the learning process the network first forms mapping from each motor representation onto visual representation from the self-exploratory perspective. Afterwards, the representation of the motor commands is learned to be associated with all possible visual perspectives. The complete architecture was evaluated by simulation experiments performed on DARwIn-OP humanoid robot.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  2. Mat Daud NI, Viswanathan KK
    PLoS One, 2019;14(7):e0219089.
    PMID: 31269073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219089
    Vibrational behaviour of symmetric angle-ply layered circular cylindrical shell filled with quiescent fluid is presented. The equations of motion of cylindrical shell in terms of stress and moment resultants are derived from the first order shear deformation theory. Irrotational of inviscid fluid are expressed as the wave equation. These two equations are coupled. Strain-displacement relations and stress-strain relations are adopted into the equations of motion to obtain the differential equations with displacements and rotational functions. A system of ordinary differential equation is obtained in one variable by assuming the functions in separable form. Spline of order three is applied to approximate the displacement and rotational functions, together with boundary conditions, to get a generalised eigenvalue problem. The eigenvalue problem is solved for eigen frequency parameter and associate eigenvectors of spline coefficients. The study of frequency parameters are analysed using the parameters the thickness ratio, length ratio, angle-ply, properties of material and number of layers under different boundary conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  3. Bong CH, Lau TL, Ghani AA
    Water Sci Technol, 2013;67(2):395-403.
    PMID: 23168641 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.580
    The current study aims to verify the existing equations for incipient motion for a rigid rectangular channel. Data from experimental work on incipient motion from a rectangular flume with two different widths, namely 0.3 and 0.6 m, were compared with the critical velocity value predicted by the equations of Novak & Nalluri and El-Zaemey. The equation by El-Zaemey performed better with an average discrepancy ratio value of 1.06 compared with the equation by Novak & Nalluri with an average discrepancy ratio value of 0.87. However, as the sediment deposit thickness increased, the equation by El-Zaemey became less accurate. A plot on the Shields Diagram using the experimental data had shown the significant effect of the sediment deposit thickness where, as the deposit becomes thicker, the dimensionless shear stress θ value also increased. A new equation had been proposed by incorporating the sediment deposit thickness. The new equation gave improved prediction with an average discrepancy ratio value of 1.02.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  4. Shokravi H, Shokravi H, Bakhary N, Heidarrezaei M, Rahimian Koloor SS, Petrů M
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Jun 19;20(12).
    PMID: 32575359 DOI: 10.3390/s20123460
    Bridges are designed to withstand different types of loads, including dead, live, environmental, and occasional loads during their service period. Moving vehicles are the main source of the applied live load on bridges. The applied load to highway bridges depends on several traffic parameters such as weight of vehicles, axle load, configuration of axles, position of vehicles on the bridge, number of vehicles, direction, and vehicle's speed. The estimation of traffic loadings on bridges are generally notional and, consequently, can be excessively conservative. Hence, accurate prediction of the in-service performance of a bridge structure is very desirable and great savings can be achieved through the accurate assessment of the applied traffic load in existing bridges. In this paper, a review is conducted on conventional vehicle-based health monitoring methods used for bridges. Vision-based, weigh in motion (WIM), bridge weigh in motion (BWIM), drive-by and vehicle bridge interaction (VBI)-based models are the methods that are generally used in the structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges. The performance of vehicle-assisted methods is studied and suggestions for future work in this area are addressed, including alleviating the downsides of each approach to disentangle the complexities, and adopting intelligent and autonomous vehicle-assisted methods for health monitoring of bridges.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  5. Muhammad Fikri, Z., Ruzy Haryati, H., Seri Rahayu, K.
    MyJurnal
    Anthropometric study is one of the oldest branches of study in ergonomics where it serves a purpose in study of
    proportion and size for human body. One of the common methods used in anthropometric measurement is traditional
    measurement or direct measurement. However, Malaysia is still left behind other countries in development of national
    anthropometric database. Researchers in Malaysia are still relying on the traditional anthropometric (TA)
    measurement. There are several important factors that contribute to problems in TA such as accuracy, time, posture,
    identification of landmarks, instrument positions and orientations, and pressure exerted due to measuring equipment. In
    view of the fact that the difficulties of obtaining human anthropometry, it becomes necessary to propose a method which
    has less contact executed to respondent. This study aims to propose a new anthropometric measurement method using
    motion capture camera (MCC) method, later to develop the database for youth male population. A pilot test was done
    in order to confirm the measuring procedure as well as the flow of the study. Next, the Minitab statistical software used
    to check the validity and reliability of data using the tests of a) Accuracy-Pearson/Spearman Correlation b) BiasPaired
    T-Test c) Test-Retest Reliability-Pearson/Spearman Correlation d) Precision-Mean Absolute Difference and
    Relative Error Measurement. Results showed that the validity and reliability of this motion camera has successfully
    obtained and the anthropometric data for youth male respondents has successfully constructed. These findings can be
    used and expended to the national anthropometric database to be utilised in ergonomics design.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  6. Wan Hassan WN, Abu Kassim NL, Jhawar A, Shurkri NM, Kamarul Baharin NA, Chan CS
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2016 Apr;149(4):567-78.
    PMID: 27021461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.10.018
    In this article, we present an evaluation of user acceptance of our innovative hand-gesture-based touchless sterile system for interaction with and control of a set of 3-dimensional digitized orthodontic study models using the Kinect motion-capture sensor (Microsoft, Redmond, Wash).
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  7. Murukesu RR, Singh DKA, Shahar S
    BMC Public Health, 2019 Jun 13;19(Suppl 4):529.
    PMID: 31196015 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6870-6
    BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence (UI) is known to be more prevalent among women and is associated with decline in quality of life. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life among community dwelling older women living in urban and rural populations.

    METHODS: This study was conducted based on secondary data analysed from the third phase of the longitudinal study "Neuroprotective Model for Health Longevity among Malaysian Elderly" (LRGS TUA). Stratification of urban and rural study areas were in accordance to that determined by the Department of Statistics. A total of 814 community dwelling older women (53% urban, 47% rural), aged 60 years and above, across four states within Peninsular Malaysia were included in this analysis. Interview-based questionnaires were used to obtain respondents' sociodemographic details and clinical characteristics. The Timed Up and Go test and Handgrip Strength tests were used to assess physical function. Urinary incontinence was self-reported, and quality of life of those with incontinence was assessed using the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ).

    RESULTS: Prevalence of urinary incontinence was 16% and 23% among older women living in urban and rural areas, respectively. Ethnicity was significantly associated with incontinence among older women in both urban and rural population (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Time and Motion Studies
  8. Fasihah Zulkiflee, Ahmad Qushairi Mohamad, Sharidan Shafie, Arshad Khan
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):117-127.
    MyJurnal
    Free convection flow in a boundary layer region is a motion that results from the interaction of gravity with density differences within a fluid. These differences occur due to temperature or concentration gradients or due to their composition. Studies per- taining free convection flows of incompressible viscous fluids have received much attention in recent years both theoretically (exact or approximate solutions) and experimentally. The situation where the heat be transported to the convective fluid via a bounding sur- face having finite heat capacity is known as Newtonian heating (or conjugate convective flows). In this paper, the unsteady free convection flow of an incompressible viscous fluid between two parallel plates with Newtonian heating is studied. Appropriate non- dimensional variables are used to reduce the dimensional governing equations along with imposed initial and boundary conditions into dimensionless forms. The exact solutions for velocity and temperature are obtained using the Laplace transform technique. The corresponding expressions for skin friction and Nusselt number are also calculated. The graphical results are displayed to illustrate the influence of various embedded parameters such as Newtonian heating parameter and Grashof number. The results show that the effect of Newtonian heating parameter increases the Nusselt number but reduces the skin friction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  9. Sheikholeslami M, Shah Z, Shafee A, Khan I, Tlili I
    Sci Rep, 2019 02 04;9(1):1196.
    PMID: 30718893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37964-y
    In the present research, aluminum oxide- water (Al2O3-H2O) nanofluid free convection due to magnetic forces through a permeable cubic domain with ellipse shaped obstacle has been reported. Lattice Boltzmann approach is involved to depict the impacts of magnetic, buoyancy forces and permeability on nanoparticles migration. To predict properties of Al2O3- water nanofluid, Brownian motion impact has been involved. Outcomes revels that considering higher magnetic forces results in greater conduction mechanism. Permeability can enhance the temperature gradient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  10. Ghaleb FA, Kamat MB, Salleh M, Rohani MF, Abd Razak S
    PLoS One, 2018;13(11):e0207176.
    PMID: 30457996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207176
    The presence of motion artefacts in ECG signals can cause misleading interpretation of cardiovascular status. Recently, reducing the motion artefact from ECG signal has gained the interest of many researchers. Due to the overlapping nature of the motion artefact with the ECG signal, it is difficult to reduce motion artefact without distorting the original ECG signal. However, the application of an adaptive noise canceler has shown that it is effective in reducing motion artefacts if the appropriate noise reference that is correlated with the noise in the ECG signal is available. Unfortunately, the noise reference is not always correlated with motion artefact. Consequently, filtering with such a noise reference may lead to contaminating the ECG signal. In this paper, a two-stage filtering motion artefact reduction algorithm is proposed. In the algorithm, two methods are proposed, each of which works in one stage. The weighted adaptive noise filtering method (WAF) is proposed for the first stage. The acceleration derivative is used as motion artefact reference and the Pearson correlation coefficient between acceleration and ECG signal is used as a weighting factor. In the second stage, a recursive Hampel filter-based estimation method (RHFBE) is proposed for estimating the ECG signal segments, based on the spatial correlation of the ECG segment component that is obtained from successive ECG signals. Real-World dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods compared to the conventional adaptive filter. The results show a promising enhancement in terms of reducing motion artefacts from the ECG signals recorded by a cost-effective single lead ECG sensor during several activities of different subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  11. Kesu Belani L, Abdullah S, Harun MH, Narin Singh PSG, Sapuan J
    Cureus, 2020 Nov 19;12(11):e11564.
    PMID: 33364091 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11564
    Monteggia fracture is commonly treated with open anatomical reduction and fixation of the ulna fracture. The radial head will be automatically reduced once anatomical fixation of the ulna is achieved. However, it is occasionally associated with an irreducible radial head dislocation requiring an open reduction and reconstruction of the torn annular ligament. We describe a case of traumatic Monteggia fracture which underwent initial plating, however post-operative radiograph denoted an irreducible radial head secondary to a ruptured annular ligament. We reconstructed the annular ligament with a synthetic graft sling around the radial neck with an anchor suture. The radial head was stable in all directions after annular ligament reconstruction. A two-year follow-up shows full range of motion of the elbow joint with osteolysis of the radial head, no other operative morbidity was observed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  12. Lovisetti G, Vulcano E, Bettella L, Tasarib R, Tondolo T, Sala F
    J Knee Surg, 2018 May;31(5):459-466.
    PMID: 28719943 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604139
    Surgical reconstruction of bicondylar tibial fractures with external fixation relies on indirect fracture reduction that could affect anatomical restoration. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of tibial bicondylar fractures treated with circular external fixation. A total of 20 bicondylar fractures of the proximal tibia in 20 patients treated with circular external fixation were included in the study. Two fractures were open. Mean clinical and radiographic follow-up was 37.3 months after frame removal. Angular, translation, and length deformities were assessed on nonweight-bearing anteroposterior, lateral, and two 45 degrees oblique views. The medial proximal tibia (MPTA) and posterior proximal tibia angles (PPTA) were calculated in all cases. The condylar widening was calculated in relation to the width of the femoral condyles. Joint depressions or gaps of the articular surface were identified on the four views of the knee. The modified Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scoring system was used for clinical evaluation. The MPTA was good in 18 (90%) and fair in 2 patients (10%). The PPTA was good in 13 (65%), fair in 6 (30%), and poor in 1 patient (5%). The articular reduction was good in 12 (60%) and fair in 8 patients (40%). The condylar widening was good in 15 (75%) and fair in 5 patients (25%). Mechanical axis deviation was within the normal range in 11/12 patients (91.7%). All fractures consolidated. One deep infection was successfully treated with local debridement, the mean modified HSS knee score at the latest follow-up was 90.5 (range: 67-100). Articular reconstruction and tibia alignment based on radiographic evaluation in the present study, along with functional results compare favorably with those of external and internal fixation presented in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  13. Kwan MK, Penafort R, Saw A
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59 Suppl F:39-41.
    PMID: 15941159
    Joint stiffness is one of the complications of limb procedure. It developes as a result of failure of knee flexors to lengthen in tandem with the bone, especially when there is inadequate physical therapy to provide active and passive mobilization of the affected joint. We are reporting four patients who developed fixed flexion contracture of their knees during bone lengthening procedure for the tibia with Ilizarov external fixator. Three of them were treated for congenital pseudoarthrosis and one was for fibular hemimelia. None of them were able to visit the physiotherapist even on a weekly basis. A splint was constructed from components of Ilizarov external fixator and applied on to the existing frame to passively extend the affected knee. Patients and their family members were taught to perform this exercise regularly and eventually near complete correction were achieved. With this result, we would like to recommend the use of this "Passive Knee Extension Splint" to avoid knee flexion Contracture during limb lengthening procedures with Ilizarov external fixators.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular/physiology
  14. Nisar H, Malik AS, Ullah R, Shim SO, Bawakid A, Khan MB, et al.
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2015;823:159-74.
    PMID: 25381107 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10984-8_9
    The fundamental step in brain research deals with recording electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and then investigating the recorded signals quantitatively. Topographic EEG (visual spatial representation of EEG signal) is commonly referred to as brain topomaps or brain EEG maps. In this chapter, full search full search block motion estimation algorithm has been employed to track the brain activity in brain topomaps to understand the mechanism of brain wiring. The behavior of EEG topomaps is examined throughout a particular brain activation with respect to time. Motion vectors are used to track the brain activation over the scalp during the activation period. Using motion estimation it is possible to track the path from the starting point of activation to the final point of activation. Thus it is possible to track the path of a signal across various lobes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  15. Hassan MA, Malik AS, Fofi D, Karasfi B, Meriaudeau F
    PMID: 32287815 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2019.07.032
    The paper presents a feasibility study for heart rate measurement using a digital camera to perform health monitoring. The feasibility study investigates the reliability of the state of the art heart rate measuring methods in realistic situations. Therefore, an experiment was designed and carried out on 45 subjects to investigate the effects caused by illumination, motion, skin tone, and distance variance. The experiment was conducted for two main scenarios; human-computer interaction scenario and health monitoring scenario. The human-computer scenario investigated the effects caused by illumination variance, motion variance, and skin tone variance. The health monitoring scenario investigates the feasibility of health monitoring at public spaces (i.e. airports, subways, malls). Five state of the art heart rate measuring methods were re-implemented and tested with the feasibility study database. The results were compared with ground truth to estimate the heart rate measurement error. The heart rate measurement error was analyzed using mean error, standard deviation; root means square error and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings of this experiment inferred promising results for health monitoring of subjects standing at a distance of 500 cm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  16. Billy TJ, Sreeramareddy CT, Oo PS, Aye SN
    Nicotine Tob Res, 2024 Mar 22;26(4):508-511.
    PMID: 37819726 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad198
    INTRODUCTION: Exposure to tobacco imagery creates a positive impression about smoking and is associated with youth smoking uptake.

    METHODS: From the list of movies released during 2015-2019, we selected the top 10 movies per year rated by the Malaysian Film Development Corporation. Two researchers coded tobacco imagery in each movie considering 5-minute time intervals as a unit. The 5-minute interval coding was adopted from previous research for comparability. Frequencies and the average occurrence of tobacco imagery were compared by movie language, genre, and age categorization.

    RESULTS: In 50 movies analyzed, there were a total of 1037 five-minute intervals of which 26 (52%) movies and 277 (26.7%) of intervals tobacco imagery were present. Brand appearances were absent and health warnings about tobacco use were present in just one movie. The proportions of intervals containing actual use, paraphernalia, and implied use were 63.5%, 22.0%, and 14.5%. Tobacco imagery of actual use, paraphernalia, and implied use was present in 25, 20, and 10 movies, respectively. In those movies with tobacco imagery, the average number of occurrences of actual use, paraphernalia, and implied use was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] 2-11.5), 2.5 (IQR 1.3-4.0), and 1 (IQR 1-4), respectively. Movies classified as "p13" (median 6, IQR 6-13) and "18" (median 5, IQR 0-15) had higher average occurrences of tobacco imagery than "U" movies (median 0, IQR 0-2; p = .028).

    CONCLUSIONS: The lack of health warnings despite the presence of tobacco imagery in Malaysian movies calls for measures to regulate tobacco-related content and reclassify such movies as "for adults-only."

    IMPLICATIONS: Tobacco imagery was prevalent in Malaysian movies that are allowed viewing by individuals aged 13 years and above. A review of the age categorization of Malaysian movies and the placement of health warnings in movies is needed. A comprehensive implementation of the ban on tobacco advertisements, promotion, and sponsorship should also include a ban on tobacco imagery in movies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Motion Pictures as Topic*
  17. Lim LK, Yap SL, Bradley DA
    PLoS One, 2018;13(1):e0188009.
    PMID: 29309425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188009
    The plasma focus device discussed herein is a Z-pinch pulsed-plasma arrangement. In this, the plasma is heated and compressed into a cylindrical column, producing a typical density of > 1025 particles/m3 and a temperature of (1-3) × 107 oC. The plasma focus has been widely investigated as a radiation source, including as ion-beams, electron-beams and as a source of x-ray and neutron production, providing considerable scope for use in a variety of technological situations. Thus said, the nature of the radiation emission depends on the dynamics of the plasma pinch. In this study of the characteristics of deuteron-beam emission, in terms of energy, fluence and angular distribution were analyzed. The 2.7 kJ plasma focus discharge has been made to operate at a pressure of less than 1 mbar rather than at its more conventional operating pressure of a few mbar. Faraday cup were used to determine deuteron-beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot while CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors were employed in studying the angular distribution of deuteron emission. Beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot have been found to be pressure dependent. The largest value of average deuteron energy measured for present conditions was found to be (52 ± 7) keV, while the deuteron-beam fluence per shot was of the order of 1015 ions/m2 when operated at a pressure of 0.2 mbar. The deuteron-beam emission is in the forward direction and is observed to be highly anisotropic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time and Motion Studies
  18. Ghalambaz M, Mehryan SAM, Hajjar A, Shdaifat MYA, Younis O, Talebizadehsardari P, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Mar 09;26(5).
    PMID: 33803488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051496
    A wavy shape was used to enhance the thermal heat transfer in a shell-tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit. The thermal storage unit was filled with CuO-coconut oil nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM). The enthalpy-porosity approach was employed to model the phase change heat transfer in the presence of natural convection effects in the molten NePCM. The finite element method was applied to integrate the governing equations for fluid motion and phase change heat transfer. The impact of wave amplitude and wave number of the heated tube, as well as the volume concertation of nanoparticles on the full-charging time of the LHTES unit, was addressed. The Taguchi optimization method was used to find an optimum design of the LHTES unit. The results showed that an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles reduces the charging time. Moreover, the waviness of the tube resists the natural convection flow circulation in the phase change domain and could increase the charging time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  19. Tham LK, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WA, Lim KS
    PLoS One, 2013;8(2):e55702.
    PMID: 23409022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055702
    The deep tendon reflex assessments that are essential to the accurate diagnosis of neurological or neuromuscular disorders are conducted subjectively in clinical neurology. Our aim was to assess deep tendon reflexes objectively with a new reflex quantification method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  20. Alizadeh M, Kadir MR, Fadhli MM, Fallahiarezoodar A, Azmi B, Murali MR, et al.
    J Orthop Res, 2013 Sep;31(9):1447-54.
    PMID: 23640802 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22376
    Posterior instrumentation is a common fixation method used to treat thoracolumbar burst fractures. However, the role of different cross-link configurations in improving fixation stability in these fractures has not been established. A 3D finite element model of T11-L3 was used to investigate the biomechanical behavior of short (2 level) and long (4 level) segmental spine pedicle screw fixation with various cross-links to treat a hypothetical L1 vertebra burst fracture. Three types of cross-link configurations with an applied moment of 7.5 Nm and 200 N axial force were evaluated. The long construct was stiffer than the short construct irrespective of whether the cross-links were used (p < 0.05). The short constructs showed no significant differences between the cross-link configurations. The XL cross-link provided the highest stiffness and was 14.9% stiffer than the one without a cross-link. The long construct resulted in reduced stress to the adjacent vertebral bodies and screw necks, with 66.7% reduction in bending stress on L2 when the XL cross-link was used. Thus, the stability for L1 burst fracture fixation was best achieved by using long segmental posterior instrumentation constructs and an XL cross-link configuration. Cross-links did not improved stability when a short structure was used.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
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