MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen (18) participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were scanned using a standard non-contrast MRI shoulder protocol including the PDFS pulse sequence and the PROPELLER PDFS pulse sequence using a small flex coil and a dedicated shoulder coil. Two experienced musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists evaluated and graded the presence of artifacts on the MR images and the SNR and CNR were measured quantitatively.
RESULTS: The non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test revealed a significant reduction in motion and pulsation artifacts between the PROPELLER PDFS pulse sequence and the standard PDFS pulse sequence. In addition, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test revealed that the mean rank of SNR for the standard sequence was statistically significant when compared to the PROPELLER sequence for both coil types. The CNR of the PROPELLER sequence was statistically significant between fat-fluid, bone-fluid, bonetendon, bone-muscle, and muscle-fluid when using SFC and DSC.
CONCLUSION: This study proved that the PROPELLER-PDFS pulse sequence effectively eliminates motion and pulsation artifacts, regardless of the coils utilised. The PROPELLERPDFS pulse sequence can therefore be implemented into the standard MRI shoulder procedure.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The antimicrobial activity was performed against selected fungal and bacterial strains using tube dilution method. The antiproliferative potential was evaluated against human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and oestrogen- positive human breast carcinoma (MCF7) cancer cell lines using Sulforhodamine B assay and, results were compared to standard drugs, 5-fluorouracil and tamoxifen, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The performed antimicrobial activity indicated that compounds 3, 5, 6, 8 and 14 showed promising activity against selected microbial species. Antiproliferative screening found compound 14 to be the most potent compound against HCT116 (IC50 = 71.8 µM), whereas Compound 6 was the most potent against MCF7 (IC50 = 74.1 µM). Further, the molecular docking study has been carried to find out the interaction between active oxazole compounds with CDK8 (HCT116) and ER-α (MCF7) proteins indicated that compound 14 and 6 showed good dock score with better potency within the ATP binding pocket and may be used as a lead for rational drug designing of the anticancer molecule.