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  1. Kaliki S, Vempuluru VS, Mohamed A, Al-Jadiry MF, Bowman R, Chawla B, et al.
    Ophthalmology, 2024 Apr;131(4):468-477.
    PMID: 37839559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.10.015
    PURPOSE: To describe the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of children who received a diagnosis of retinoblastoma in 2017 throughout Asia.

    DESIGN: Multinational, prospective study including treatment-naïve patients in Asia who received a diagnosis of retinoblastoma in 2017 and were followed up thereafter.

    PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2112 patients (2797 eyes) from 96 retinoblastoma treatment centers in 33 Asian countries.

    INTERVENTIONS: Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, enucleation, and orbital exenteration.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Enucleation and death.

    RESULTS: Within the cohort, 1021 patients (48%) were from South Asia (SA), 503 patients (24%) were from East Asia (EA), 310 patients (15%) were from Southeast Asia (SEA), 218 patients (10%) were from West Asia (WA), and 60 patients (3%) were from Central Asia (CA). Mean age at presentation was 27 months (median, 23 months; range, < 1-261 months). The cohort included 1195 male patients (57%) and 917 female patients (43%). The most common presenting symptoms were leukocoria (72%) and strabismus (13%). Using the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition, classification, tumors were staged as cT1 (n = 441 [16%]), cT2 (n = 951 [34%]), cT3 (n = 1136 [41%]), cT4 (n = 267 [10%]), N1 (n = 48 [2%]), and M1 (n = 129 [6%]) at presentation. Retinoblastoma was treated with intravenous chemotherapy in 1450 eyes (52%) and 857 eyes (31%) underwent primary enucleation. Three-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for enucleation and death were 33% and 13% for CA, 18% and 4% for EA, 27% and 15% for SA, 32% and 22% for SEA, and 20% and 11% for WA (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001), respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: At the conclusion of this study, significant heterogeneity was found in treatment outcomes of retinoblastoma among the regions of Asia. East Asia displayed better outcomes with higher rates of globe and life salvage, whereas Southeast Asia showed poorer outcomes compared with the rest of Asia.

    FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  2. Mohamed FS, Lokman FL, Mansoor WNBW, Shakri NBM, Hussain RI, Abdullah A
    Int Tinnitus J, 2024 Mar 21;27(2):242-246.
    PMID: 38512871 DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20230037
    A cholesteatoma is an expansion of keratinizing squamous epithelium that enters the middle ear cleft from the outer layer of the tympanic membrane or ear canal. Choleatomas are always treated surgically. Recurrence of the illness presents another challenge for the patient and the surgeon, though. There have been reports of recurrence rates as high as 30% in adults and as high as 70% in children. Here, we describe a case of persistent recurrent otorrhea following revision surgery, along with acquired recurrent cholesteatoma following canal wall down surgery. A 38-year -male with underlying Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension presented with left scanty and foul-smelling ear discharge for 2 years and left reduced hearing. He was diagnosed with left chronic active otitis media with cholesteatoma for which he underwent left modified radical mastoidectomy, meatoplasty and tympanoplasty in 2017. Five months post operatively, he presented with left otorrhea. However, he defaulted followed up and presented in April 2018 for similar complaints. Otoscopy examination revealed left tympanic membrane perforation at poster superior quadrant of pars tensa and bluish discoloration behind pars flacida. He was diagnosed as recurrent left cholesteatoma and subsequently he underwent left mastoid exploration under general anesthesia in June 2018. Postsurgery, he developed recurrent ear discharge which was treated with topical antibiotics and ear toileting. We report a case of recurrent Cholesteatoma despite canal wall down procedure requiring a second redo procedure and with persistent recurrent otorrhea after the redo procedure.However, this case demonstrates the need for regular follow ups even after a canal wall down procedure for detecting recurrence of disease. Moreover, this case denotes some of the patient factors and surgeon factors involved in disease recurrence. Furthermore, importance of opting for an imaging study in case of high suspicion of the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  3. Lo TS, Harun F, Chua S, Shen YH, Tan YL, Hsieh WC
    J Formos Med Assoc, 2024 Mar;123(3):331-339.
    PMID: 37996329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.11.003
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We present this current study to complement with mesh inlays plausible benefits (UPHOLD-LITE System) on available long-term study amidst FDA's concern on mesh complications. This study aims to assess the medium-term outcomes of UPHOLD-LITE system for treatment of advanced pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and its complications, and lower urinary tract symptoms.

    METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of 53 months follow-up of 123 consecutive patients who underwent UPHOLD-LITE system. Objective outcome measures the anatomical correction of prolapse with POP-Q ≤ Stage 1. Subjective outcome was patient's feedback to questions 2 and 3 of POPDI-6. Secondary outcome measures the quality of life, presence of lower urinary tract symptoms and complications. Quality of life is assessed by validated questionnaires on Urogenital Distress Inventory 6 (UDI-6), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire 7 (IIQ-7), Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory 6 (POPDI-6), and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Function Questionnaire 12 (PISQ-12) at 1 and 3 years post-operatively.

    RESULTS: Objective outcome at 1 and 3 years was at 96.7 % and 95.4 % respectively. The subjective cure was 95.1 % and 91.6 %. Five-year cumulative cure rate maintained at 87.2 %. Secondary outcomes observed improvement on UDI-6, IIQ-7, POPDI-6 and PISQ-12 postoperatively. Bladder outlet obstruction improved while de novo urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) increased slightly post surgically. Mesh erosion rate was 0.8 %.

    CONCLUSION: The UPHOLD-LITE system demonstrated good medium term anatomical correction of apical and anterior prolapse, with good subjective cure and improved quality of life. Whilst complication rate was low, slight increase in de novo USI was observed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  4. Pan W, Zhou D, Hijazi ZM, Qureshi SA, Promphan W, Feng Y, et al.
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2024 Mar;103(4):660-669.
    PMID: 38419402 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30978
    Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR), also known as percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation, refers to a minimally invasive technique that replaces the pulmonary valve by delivering an artificial pulmonary prosthesis through a catheter into the diseased pulmonary valve under the guidance of X-ray and/or echocardiogram while the heart is still beating not arrested. In recent years, TPVR has achieved remarkable progress in device development, evidence-based medicine proof and clinical experience. To update the knowledge of TPVR in a timely fashion, and according to the latest research and further facilitate the standardized and healthy development of TPVR in Asia, we have updated this consensus statement. After systematical review of the relevant literature with an in-depth analysis of eight main issues, we finally established eight core viewpoints, including indication recommendation, device selection, perioperative evaluation, procedure precautions, and prevention and treatment of complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  5. Sciahbasi A, Salvi N, Heang TM, Perez IS, Geraci S, Vaccaro G, et al.
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2024 Mar;103(4):532-538.
    PMID: 38415895 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30996
    BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of drug coating balloons (DCB) for the treatment of lesions in large coronary vessel are limited.

    AIMS: Our study aimed to evaluate the performance of a sirolimus DCB in large coronary arteries.

    METHODS: We analyzed all the procedures included in the EASTBOURNE Registry (NCT03085823) enrolling patients with a clinical indication to percutaneous coronary intervention performed by a sirolimus DCB according to investigator judgment. In the present analysis, a cut-off of 2.75 mm was used to define large coronary arteries. Primary endpoint of the study was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 24 months whereas secondary endpoint included procedural success, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac death and total mortality.

    RESULTS: Among the 2123 patients and 2440 lesions enrolled in the EASTBOURNE study between 2016 and 2020, 757 patients/810 lesions fulfilled the criteria for the present analysis. Mean reference vessel diameter was 3.2 ± 0.3 mm with mean lesion length of 22 ± 7 mm. Procedural success was high (96%) and at 2-year follow up the device showed a good efficacy with a TLR rate of 9%. There were 34 deaths (4.5%), 30 MIs (4%) and 8 BARC type 3-5 bleedings (1.1%). In-stent restenosis (629 lesions) and de novo lesions (181) were associated with 11% and 4% rates of TLR at 2 years, respectively (p = 0.003).

    CONCLUSIONS: Clinical performance of a sirolimus DCB in large coronary artery vessels shows promising signals at 2-year follow up, both in de novo and in-stent restenosis lesions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  6. Lu DE, Chang CY, Cheng SW, Kang E, Lee CH, Chen KH
    Crit Care, 2024 Feb 20;28(1):55.
    PMID: 38378580 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04833-2
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  7. Caiazzo G, Oliva A, Testa L, Heang TM, Lee CY, Milazzo D, et al.
    Cardiovasc Diabetol, 2024 Feb 03;23(1):52.
    PMID: 38310281 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02139-9
    BACKGROUND: The outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in diabetic patients are still suboptimal, and it is unclear if diabetic patients might derive a benefit from the use of drug-coated balloons.

    AIMS: To evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on the outcomes of patients undergoing PCI with sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) MagicTouch (Concept Medical, India).

    METHODS: We conducted a subgroup analysis of the prospective, multicenter, investigator-initiated EASTBOURNE registry, evaluating the performance of MagicTouch SCB in patients with and without diabetes. The study primary endpoint was target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 12-month follow-up. Secondary clinical endpoints were major adverse clinical events (MACE), death, myocardial infarction (MI), and BARC 2-5 bleedings.

    RESULTS: Among 2,083 enrolled patients, a total of 864 suffered from diabetes (41.5%). Patients with diabetes had a numerically higher occurrence of TLR (6.5% vs. 4.7% HR 1.38, 95%CI 0.91-2.08), all-cause death (3.8% vs. 2.6%, HR 1.81, 95%CI 0.95-3.46), and MACE (12.2% vs. 8.9%; HR 1.26 95%CI 0.92-1.74). The incidence of spontaneous MI was significantly higher among diabetic patients (3.4% vs. 1.5%, HR 2.15 95%CI 1.09-4.25); bleeding events did not significantly differ. The overall incidence of TLR was higher among in-stent restenosis (ISR) as compared to de-novo coronary lesions, irrespectively from diabetes status.

    CONCLUSIONS: In the EASTBOURNE DIABETES registry, diabetic patients treated with the MagicTouch SCB did not have a significant increase in TLR when compared to non-diabetic patients; moreover, diabetic status did not affect the study device performance in terms of TLR, in both de-novo lesions and ISR.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  8. Lim WH, Ng CH, Tan DJH, Xiao J, Fu CE, Ong C, et al.
    Transplantation, 2024 Feb 01;108(2):473-482.
    PMID: 37439778 DOI: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004718
    BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) offers patients with decompensated cirrhosis the best chance at long-term survival. With the rising prevalence of diabetes, further clarity is needed on the impact of receiving a liver allograft from a donor with diabetes on post-LT outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of donor diabetes on clinical outcomes after LT.

    METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing registry data of LT recipients from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2021. Outcomes analysis was performed using Cox proportional model for all-cause mortality and graft failure. Confounding was reduced by coarsened exact matching causal inference analysis.

    RESULTS: Of 66 960 donors identified, 7178 (10.7%) had diabetes. Trend analysis revealed a longitudinal increase in the prevalence of donor diabetes ( P  

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  9. Wong EHC, D'Souza A
    Facial Plast Surg, 2024 Feb;40(1):52-60.
    PMID: 36878680 DOI: 10.1055/a-2047-7179
    The role of septorhinoplasty for adequate correction of deviated nose is well documented, but the rationales and patterns for recurrences after proper rhinoplasty remain unclear. There has also been little attention given to the influence of nasal musculatures on the stability of nasal structures after septorhinoplasty. The aim of this article is to propose our nasal muscle imbalance theory, which may explain the potential reason for redeviation of the noses in the initial period after septorhinoplasty. We postulate that in a chronically deviated nose, the nasal muscles on the convex side will be stretched and develop hypertrophy after prolonged period of increased contractile activity. On the contrary, the nasal muscles on the concave side will undergo atrophy due to reduced load requirement. In the initial period of recovery after a septorhinoplasty to bring the nose back to midline, this muscle imbalance is still uncorrected with unequal pulling forces on the nasal structure because the stronger nasal muscles on the previously convex side is still hypertrophied and exert stronger forces compared with the previously concave side, therefore increasing the risk of redeviation of the nose back to the preoperative side until muscle atrophy occurs in the convex side and a balanced nasal muscle pull is achieved. We believe that postseptorhinoplasty botulinum toxin injections can be used as an adjunct in rhinoplasty surgery to effectively block the pulling actions of the stronger or overacting nasal muscles by speeding up the atrophy process while allowing patient's nose to heal and stabilize in the desired position. However, further studies to objectively confirm this hypothesis is required, which include comparing topographic measurements, imaging and electromyography signals before and after injections in postseptorhinoplasty patients. The authors have already planned a multicenter study to further evaluate this theory.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  10. Cheong CS, Tengku K Aziz TAH, Anuar NA, Bee PC, Chin EFM, Khairullah S, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2024 Feb 01;25(2):595-601.
    PMID: 38415546 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.2.595
    BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma is the third most common hematologic malignancy in Malaysia. The introduction of novel agents over the past decades has improved patient outcome and survival substantially. However, these agents incur significant economic burden, thus leading to limited use in less developed countries. This study aims to report on the real-world treatment pattern and outcome of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients from a resource-constraint setting.

    METHODS: This is a retrospective study on NDMM patients diagnosed between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2022 in a single academic center. Patients' demographic and treatment details were included for analysis of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

    RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-six NDMM patients with a median age of 64.0 years (ranged from 38 to 87 years old) were included. Bortezomib-containing regimens were the most commonly used induction agent, followed by thalidomide. Almost half of the patients (47.1%) achieved very good partial response (VGPR) or complete remission (CR), while 31.6% achieved partial response (PR). Bortezomib containing regimen was associated with significantly deeper and more rapid response, (p=0.001 and p=0.017, respectively) when compared to other agents. Only 22.8% of these patients proceeded to upfront autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.  The median OS and PFS were 60.0 months and 25.0 months, respectively. Best initial response and upfront autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were significantly associated with better PFS.

    CONCLUSION: Achieving at least a VGPR significantly associated with better outcome in NDMM patients. In a resource constrain country, we recommend incorporating bortezomib in the induction therapy followed with an upfront ASCT.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  11. Saniasiaya J, van der Meer G, Toll EC, McCaffer C, Barber C, Neeff M
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2024 Feb;177:111841.
    PMID: 38181460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111841
    BACKGROUND: Congenital laryngotracheal stenosis (CLS) is a rare cause of stridor among newborns. Evidence has shown that several family members can be affected by CLS. Knowledge of the pathophysiology of familial congenital laryngotracheal stenosis (FCLS) will enable more effective therapeutic strategies.

    OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical course and outcome of familial congenital laryngotracheal stenosis (FCLS).

    METHODS: A literature search was conducted over a period of one month (September 2023) by searching several databases to identify studies published from inception to 31st August 2023.

    RESULTS: Of 256 papers identified, five articles met the inclusion criteria. A total of 17 patients with slight female predominance (59 %) were identified. Familial congenital tracheal stenosis was reported in female twins (100 %). A variety of clinical presentations were listed. An endoscopic airway study was performed on all patients. 64.8 % of the included children were managed surgically. Genetic studies performed on 41 % of children could not locate genetic abnormalities.

    CONCLUSION: Consanguinity, twin births, and female gender could be predisposing factors for FCLS, although the quality of evidence is low due to the rarity of the condition.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  12. Holzer RJ, Bergersen L, Thomson J, Aboulhosn J, Aggarwal V, Akagi T, et al.
    JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 2024 Jan 22;17(2):115-216.
    PMID: 38099915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.11.001
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  13. Al-Maweri SA, Alhajj MN, Anweigi L, Ashraf S, Halboub E, Salleh NM, et al.
    BMC Oral Health, 2024 Jan 16;24(1):84.
    PMID: 38229054 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03789-z
    BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been recently proposed as a promising alternative therapy for Denture Stomatitis (DS). The present systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the current available evidence regarding the efficacy of PDT in the management of DS.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ProQuest were searched up to June 7, 2023. All relevant clinical trials were included. RevMan software was used for the statistical analyses.

    RESULTS: Elven randomized clinical trials (460 DS patients) were included. Eight studies assessed the efficacy of PDT vs. topical antifungal therapy, while three studies assessed the adjunctive use of PDT (PDT + antifungal therapy) vs. topical antifungal therapy alone. The results revealed comparable efficacy of PDT and conventional antifungal therapy on candida colonization at 15 days (MD: 0.95, 95% CI: -0.28, 2.19, p = 0.13) and at the end of follow-up (MD: -0.17, 95% CI: -1.33, 0.98, p = 0.77). The pooled two studies revealed relatively better efficacy of adjunctive use of PDT with antifungal therapy on candida colonization compared to antifungal therapy alone at 15 days (MD: -6.67, 95% CI: -15.15, 1.82, p = 0.12), and at the end of follow-up (MD: -7.14, 95% CI: -19.78, 5.50, p = 0.27). Additionally, the results revealed comparable efficacy of PDT and topical antifungal therapy on the clinical outcomes.

    CONCLUSIONS: PDT might be considered a viable option for DS either as an adjunct or as an alternative to the topical antifungal medications. Further studies with adequate sample sizes and standardized PDT parameters are warranted.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  14. Sunil SP, Hanif H
    Med J Malaysia, 2024 Jan;79(1):42-46.
    PMID: 38287756
    INTRODUCTION: Prevalence and mortality due to abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have reduced; however, trends in Malaysia are difficult to determine due to the low prevalence and volume of published data. Our aim was to study current trends in AAA treatment in a national referral unit and compare them to previous reports.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients who had AAA repair between 2015 and 2019 in Kuala Lumpur Hospital (HKL). Operating logbooks from the study period were digitised, and details of aortoiliac aneurysm surgery were analysed. We compared these findings to a previous study on AAA treatment conducted in HKL between 1993 and 1995.

    RESULTS: Over the course of 5 years, 496 abdominal aortic surgery were performed. There were 451 patients (90.9%) with AAA, whereas 41 patients (8.3%) had mycotic aneurysms. Among patients with AAA, the median age was 70 (IQR 11) and was mostly male (89.3%), whereas inlay repair was the most common technique (n = 395, 87.5%) while EVAR was employed in 36 patients (8.0%). A two proportion z test comparing emergency surgery proportions between our study cohort (56.1%) and the 1993-1995 cohort (39.3%) was significant (p = .017).

    CONCLUSION: There has been a significant increase in the proportion of emergency surgery in HKL. Open surgery remains the most frequent repair technique. The increase in volume likely reflects the accessibility of healthcare, though other factors may play a role. Improvements in outcomes will benefit from research on the standard of care based on prospective data.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  15. Leong MC, Hoo XY, Alwi M
    Cardiol Young, 2024 Jan;34(1):228-231.
    PMID: 38073568 DOI: 10.1017/S1047951123004055
    Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV (Abbott, USA) is usually used for the occlusion of abnormal tortuous vessels and has not been tried for the transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with wind-sock morphology. Here, we report on three successful cases of perimembranous ventricular septal defect transcatheter closure using Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV. We did not observe residual shunting or new onset of complications during follow up. These preliminary positive results advocate the application and suitability of Amplatzer Vascular Plug IV for closing wind-sock-like perimembranous ventricular septal defects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  16. Al Saleh A, Jamee A, Sulaiman K, Sobhy M, Gamra H, Alkindi F, et al.
    PLoS One, 2024;19(1):e0296056.
    PMID: 38206951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296056
    BACKGROUND: The Program for the Evaluation and Management of Cardiac Events in the Middle East and North Africa (PEACE MENA) is a prospective registry program in Arabian countries that involves in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or acute heart failure (AHF).

    METHODS: This prospective, multi-center, multi-country study is the first report of the baseline characteristics and outcomes of inpatients with AMI who were enrolled during the first 14-month recruitment phase. We report the clinical characteristics, socioeconomic, educational levels, and management, in-hospital, one month and one-year outcomes.

    RESULTS: Between April 2019 and June 2020, 1377 patients with AMI were enrolled (79.1% males) from 16 Arabian countries. The mean age (± SD) was 58 ± 12 years. Almost half of the population had a net income < $500/month, and 40% had limited education. Nearly half of the cohort had a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia; 53% had STEMI, and almost half (49.7%) underwent a primary percutaneous intervention (PCI) (lowest 4.5% and highest 100%). Thrombolytics were used by 36.2%. (Lowest 6.45% and highest (90.9%). No reperfusion occurred in 13.8% of patients (lowest was 0% and highest 72.7%).Primary PCI was performed less frequently in the lower income group vs. high income group (26.3% vs. 54.7%; P<0.001). Recurrent ischemia occurred more frequently in the low-income group (10.9% vs. 7%; P = 0.018). Re-admission occurred in 9% at 1 month and 30% at 1 year, whereas 1-month mortality was 0.7% and 1-year mortality 4.7%.

    CONCLUSION: In the MENA region, patients with AMI present at a young age and have a high burden of cardiac risk factors. Most of the patients in the registry have a low income and low educational status. There is heterogeneity among key performance indicators of AMI management among various Arabian countries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  17. Mansor WNW, Abdullah A, See GB, Umat C, Shah SA
    Int Tinnitus J, 2023 Dec 04;27(1):34-39.
    PMID: 38050882 DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20230006
    OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe the factors affecting early and late cochlear implantation.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 159 patients from the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) Cochlear Implant Programme were recruited in this retrospective cross-sectional study. All paediatric Cochlear Implant (CI) recipients with pre-lingual deafness were included in this retrospective study. The study was conducted from January 2019 until December 2020. The pre-lingual cochlear implant recipients' data were analysed based on demographics and interval from diagnosis to hearing aid fitting and implantation. The association between the dependent variables with early and late cochlear implantation was compared.

    RESULTS: A total of 83 (52%) patients were female. Chinese race constituted most of the patients, which was 90/159 (57%). The majority were from middle-income families (M40); 89 (56%). The most common aetiology of Hearing Loss (HL) was idiopathic; 139 (87%), followed by intrauterine infections, which comprised of congenital CMV; 8 (5%) and congenital Rubella; 1 (1%) and nonspecific intrauterine infection 2 (1%). The relationship between the universal neonatal hearing screening and the interval between diagnosis to implantation was significant (p=0.033). Other variables were not significant.

    CONCLUSION: UNHS was a significant factor contributing to early and late implantation. The median age of diagnosis of hearing loss was 18 months (interquartile range; 15); the age of CI was 34 months (interquartile range; 24); the interval from diagnosis to hearing aid was 2 months (interquartile range; 5), and the interval from diagnosis to CI was 16 months (interquartile range; 14).

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  18. Ismail NI, Nawawi KNM, Hsin DCC, Hao KW, Mahmood NRKN, Chearn GLC, et al.
    Helicobacter, 2023 Dec;28(6):e13017.
    PMID: 37614081 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13017
    BACKGROUND: Despite multiple therapy regimens, the decline in the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate poses a significant challenge to the medical community. Adding Lactobacillus reuteri probiotic as an adjunct treatment has shown some promising results. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17648 in H. pylori eradication and its effect in ameliorating gastrointestinal symptoms and adverse treatment effects.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial involved treatment-naïve H. pylori-positive patients. Ninety patients received standard triple therapy for 2 weeks before receiving either a probiotic or placebo for 4 weeks. The posttreatment eradication rate was assessed via a 14 C urea breath test in Week 8. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaire and an interview on treatment adverse effects were conducted during this study.

    RESULTS: The eradication rate was higher in the probiotic group than in the placebo group, with a 22.2% difference in the intention-to-treat analysis (91.1% vs. 68.9%; p = 0.007) and 24.3% difference in the per-protocol analysis (93.2% vs. 68.9%; p = 0.007). The probiotic group showed significant pre- to post-treatment reductions in indigestion, constipation, abdominal pain, and total GSRS scores. The probiotic group showed significantly greater reductions in GSRS scores than the placebo group: indigestion (4.34 ± 5.00 vs. 1.78 ± 5.64; p = 0.026), abdominal pain (2.64 ± 2.88 vs. 0.89 ± 3.11; p = 0.007), constipation (2.34 ± 3.91 vs. 0.64 ± 2.92; p = 0.023), and total score (12.41 ± 12.19 vs. 4.24 ± 13.72; p = 0.004). The probiotic group reported significantly fewer adverse headache (0% vs. 15.6%; p = 0.012) and abdominal pain (0% vs. 13.3%; p = 0.026) effects.

    CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant increase in H. pylori eradication rate and attenuation of symptoms and adverse treatment effects when L. reuteri was given as an adjunct treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  19. Hong JP, Malek AZA, Li CT, Paik JW, Sulaiman AH, Madriaga G, et al.
    Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2023 Dec;15(4):e12548.
    PMID: 37771084 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12548
    This post-hoc analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of intranasal esketamine in the Asian subgroup from ASPIRE I. Patients with major depressive disorder and suicidal ideation with intent received intranasal esketamine (n = 26) or placebo (n = 27), plus standard of care for 25 days. The primary endpoint was the change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score from baseline to Day 2. The MADRS score improved in favor of esketamine (least squares mean difference: -3.8). No unexpected safety concerns were noted. The Asian subgroup showed a similar efficacy and safety profile as the total ASPIRE I cohort.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
  20. D T, Venkatesh MP
    Presse Med, 2023 Dec;52(4):104204.
    PMID: 37944641 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2023.104204
    Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a medical treatment which involves the transfer of feces from a healthy donor to a recipient to restore the balance of gut microbiota and improve clinical outcomes. FMT has gained recognition in recent years due to its effectiveness in treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI) and other gastrointestinal disorders. Additionally, it has been studied as an intervention for some other conditions, like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This review covers regulatory considerations related to FMT, including the current state of FMT regulation and the need for further research to fully understand the safety and efficacy of this treatment. For transplantation of fecal microbiota, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies the treatment as an investigational new drug (IND), which typically requires physicians and scientists to submit an IND application. Ethical issues surrounding FMT, including the necessity of informed consent from donors and recipients and the potential transmission of infectious agents, are also discussed. Overall, FMT has the potential to offer significant therapeutic benefits, but it also raises regulatory and ethical considerations that require careful consideration. Further research is necessary to fully comprehend risks and benefits of FMT and to develop guidelines for its use in clinical practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Treatment Outcome
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