Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 122 in total

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  1. Sarojini K, Ling KP, Teh WM, Ali H, Zunaina E
    Cureus, 2020 Sep 07;12(9):e10297.
    PMID: 33047087 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10297
    We report a case of optic disc drusen (ODD) associated with peripapillary polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). A 62-year-old Malay lady presented with both eye ODD and the left eye associated with peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage. Ultrasound B-scan and red-free photography confirmed the optic nerve head drusen findings bilaterally. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the left eye showed sharply elevated peripapillary pigment epithelial detachment with subretinal fluid. The presence of peripapillary polyps with branching vascular network in indocyanine green angiography of the left eye further confirmed the diagnosis of PCV and excluded choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to ODD. Subsequently, the patient was treated with a combination of verteporfin photodynamic therapy with three monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections. Three months after the combined treatment, OCT showed completely resolved subretinal fluid. ODD can cause compression of the subretinal vessels at the optic disc that results in retinal ischemia and release of vascular endothelial growth factor, which may trigger the development of CNV or PCV. The rarity of this combination makes it interesting to study more cases of ODD with PCV. Importantly, a thorough evaluation in distinguishing the PCV from the CNV that mimics it is crucial for early detection and prompt intervention. In this case, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is the diagnostic method to differentiate the PCV from CNV secondary to ODD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  2. Koay YY, Tan GCJ, Phang SCW, Ho JI, Chuar PF, Ho LS, et al.
    Nutrients, 2021 Jan 18;13(1).
    PMID: 33477404 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010258
    Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a debilitating complication of diabetes, which develops in 40% of the diabetic population and is responsible for up to 50% of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Tocotrienols have shown to be a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic agent in animal and clinical studies. This study evaluated the effects of 400 mg tocotrienol-rich vitamin E supplementation daily on 59 DKD patients over a 12-month period. Patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or positive urine microalbuminuria (urine to albumin creatinine ratio; UACR > 20-200 mg/mmol) were recruited into a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients were randomized into either intervention group (n = 31) which received tocotrienol-rich vitamin E (Tocovid SupraBioTM; Hovid Berhad, Ipoh, Malaysia) 400 mg daily or a placebo group which received placebo capsules (n = 28) for 12 months. HbA1c, renal parameters (i.e., serum creatinine, eGFR, and UACR), and serum biomarkers were collected at intervals of two months. Tocovid supplementation significantly reduced serum creatinine levels (MD: -4.28 ± 14.92 vs. 9.18 ± 24.96), p = 0.029, and significantly improved eGFR (MD: 1.90 ± 5.76 vs. -3.29 ± 9.24), p = 0.011 after eight months. Subgroup analysis of 37 patients with stage 3 CKD demonstrated persistent renoprotective effects over 12 months; Tocovid improved eGFR (MD: 4.83 ± 6.78 vs. -1.45 ± 9.18), p = 0.022 and serum creatinine (MD: -7.85(20.75) vs. 0.84(26.03), p = 0.042) but not UACR. After six months post washout, there was no improvement in serum creatinine and eGFR. There were no significant changes in the serum biomarkers, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A. Our findings verified the results from the pilot phase study where tocotrienol-rich vitamin E supplementation at two and three months improved kidney function as assessed by serum creatinine and eGFR but not UACR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood
  3. Ghalib RM, Hashim R, Sulaiman O, Mehdi SH, Valkonen A, Rissanen K, et al.
    Eur J Med Chem, 2012 Jan;47(1):601-7.
    PMID: 22074984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.037
    In this study the novel caryophyllene type sesquiterpene lactone (aspfalcolide) has been isolated from the leaves of Asparagus falcatus (Linn.) and characterized by IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, EI-MS, HR-ESI-MS and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The aspfalcolide crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 6.37360(10), b = 7.6890(2), c = 27.3281(6) Å, α = β = γ = 90(°) and Z = 4. One intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond enforces these natural molecules to form infinite chains through the crystal. Aspfalcolide was screened for its anti-angiogenic activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the result showed the remarkable inhibitory effect of aspfalcolide on the proliferation (IC(50) 1.82 μM), migration and tube formation of HUVECs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology
  4. Jirjees F, Soliman K, Wang Y, Sonawane R, Sheshala R, Jones D, et al.
    J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2019 Sep 10;174:145-150.
    PMID: 31167158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.05.038
    Bevacizumab is a full-length human monoclonal antibody used to treat various neovascular diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic eye disease and other problems of the retina. Monthly intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin®) are effective in the treatment of wet AMD. However, there is a growing demand in the development of sustained release ophthalmic formulations. Therefore, this study aims, for the first time, to develop a rapid, simple, and sensitive method using size exclusion chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection for routine quantification of bevacizumab in ophthalmic formulations and during in vitro release studies. The selected chromatographic conditions included an aqueous mobile phase composed of 35 mM sodium phosphate buffer and 300 mM sodium chloride (pH 6.8), a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, and the fluorescence detector was operated at excitation and emission wavelengths of 280 and 340 nm, respectively. The peak area-concentration relationship maintained its linearity over concentration range of 0.1-20 μg/mL (R2 = 0.9993), and the quantitation limit was 100 ng/mL. The method was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The developed method had a run time of 6 min at temperature 25 °C, making it a unique validated method for rapid and cost-effective quantification of bevacizumab.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
  5. ElFar OA, Billa N, Lim HR, Chew KW, Cheah WY, Munawaroh HSH, et al.
    Bioengineered, 2022 Jun;13(6):14681-14718.
    PMID: 35946342 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2100863
    Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) aqueous extract has massive amounts of natural products that can be used as future drugs, such as C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, etc. This extract was chosen because of its high adaptability, which reflects its resolute genetic composition. The proactive roles of cyanobacteria, particularly in the medical field, have been discussed in this review, including the history, previous food and drug administration (FDA) reports, health benefits and the various dose-dependent therapeutic functions that A. platensis possesses, including its role in fighting against lethal diseases such as cancer, SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, etc. However, the remedy will not present its maximal effect without the proper delivery to the targeted place for deposition. The goal of this research is to maximize the bioavailability and delivery efficiency of A. platensis constituents through selected sites for effective therapeutic outcomes. The solutions reviewed are mainly on parenteral and tablet formulations. Moreover, suggested enteric polymers were discussed with minor composition variations applied for better storage in high humid countries alongside minor variations in the polymer design were suggested to enhance the premature release hindrance of basic drugs in low pH environments. In addition, it will open doors for research in delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in femtoscale with the use of various existing and new formulations.Abbrevations: SDGs; Sustainable Development Goals, IL-4; Interleukin-4, HDL; High-Density Lipoprotein, LDL; Low-Density Lipoprotein, VLDL; Very Low-Density Lipoprotein, C-PC; C-Phycocyanin, APC; Allophycocyanin, PE; Phycoerythrin, COX-2; Cyclooxygenase-2, RCTs; Randomized Control Trials, TNF-α; Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha, γ-LFA; Gamma-Linolenic Fatty Acid, PGs; Polyglycans, PUFAs: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, NK-cell; Natural Killer Cell, FDA; Food and Drug Administration, GRAS; Generally Recognized as Safe, SD; Standard Deviation, API; Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient, DW; Dry Weight, IM; Intramuscular, IV; Intravenous, ID; Intradermal, SC; Subcutaneous, AERs; Adverse Event Reports, DSI-EC; Dietary Supplement Information Executive Committee, cGMP; Current Good Manufacturing Process, A. platensis; Arthrospira platensis, A. maxima; Arthrospira maxima, Spirulina sp.; Spirulina species, Arthrospira; Spirulina, Tecuitlatl; Spirulina, CRC; Colorectal Cancer, HDI; Human Development Index, Tf; Transferrin, TfR; Transferrin Receptor, FR; Flow Rate, CPP; Cell Penetrating Peptide, SUV; Small Unilamenar Vesicle, LUV; Large Unilamenar Vesicle, GUV; Giant Unilamenar Vesicle, MLV; Multilamenar Vesicle, COVID-19; Coronavirus-19, PEGylated; Stealth, PEG; Polyethylene Glycol, OSCEs; Objective Structured Clinical Examinations, GI; Gastrointestinal Tract, CAP; Cellulose Acetate Phthalate, HPMCP, Hydroxypropyl Methyl-Cellulose Phthalate, SR; Sustained Release, DR; Delay Release, Poly(MA-EA); Polymethyl Acrylic Co-Ethyl Acrylate, f-DR L-30 D-55; Femto-Delay Release Methyl Acrylic Acid Co-Ethyl Acrylate Polymer, MW; Molecular Weight, Tg; Glass Transition Temperature, SN2; Nucleophilic Substitution 2, EPR; Enhance Permeability and Retention, VEGF; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, RGD; Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid, VCAM-1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, P; Coefficient of Permeability, PES; Polyether Sulfone, pHe; Extracellular pH, ζ-potential; Zeta potential, NTA; Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, PB; Phosphate Buffer, DLS; Dynamic Light Scattering, AFM; Atomic Force Microscope, Log P; Partition Coefficient, MR; Molar Refractivity, tPSA; Topological Polar Surface Area, C log P; Calculated Partition Coefficient, CMR; Calculated Molar Refractivity, Log S; Solubility Coefficient, pka; Acid Dissociation Constant, DDAB; Dimethyl Dioctadecyl Ammonium Bromide, DOPE; Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine, GDP; Good Distribution Practice, RES; Reticuloendothelial System, PKU; Phenylketonuria, MS; Multiple Sclerosis, SLE; Systemic Lupus Erythematous, NASA; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, DOX; Doxorubicin, ADRs; Adverse Drug Reactions, SVM; Support Vector Machine, MDA; Malondialdehyde, TBARS; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, CRP; C-Reactive Protein, CK; Creatine Kinase, LDH; Lactated Dehydrogenase, T2D; Type 2 Diabetes, PCB; Phycocyanobilin, PBP; Phycobiliproteins, PEB; Phycoerythrobilin, DPP-4; Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4, MTT; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, IL-2; Interleukin-2, IL-6; Interleukin-6, PRISMA; Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, STATA; Statistics, HepG2; Hepatoblastoma, HCT116; Colon Cancer Carcinoma, Kasumi-1; Acute Leukaemia, K562; Chronic Leukaemia, Se-PC; Selenium-Phycocyanin, MCF-7; Breast Cancer Adenocarcinoma, A375; Human Melanoma, RAS; Renin-Angiotensin System, IQP; Ile-Gln-Pro, VEP; Val-Glu-Pro, Mpro; Main Protease, PLpro; Papin-Like Protease, BMI; Body Mass Index, IC50; Inhibitory Concentration by 50%, LD50; Lethal Dose by 50%, PC12 Adh; Rat Pheochromocytoma Cells, RNS; Reactive Nitrogen Species, Hb1Ac; hemoglobin A1c.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
  6. Alomari G, Al-Trad B, Hamdan S, Aljabali AAA, Al Zoubi MS, Al-Batanyeh K, et al.
    IET Nanobiotechnol, 2021 Jul;15(5):473-483.
    PMID: 34694755 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12026
    This study examines the effect of nanoparticles with zinc oxides (ZnONPs) on diabetic nephropathy, which is the primary cause of mortality for diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease. Diabetes in adult male rats was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. ZnONPs were intraperitoneally administered to diabetic rats daily for 7 weeks. Diabetes was associated with increases in blood glucose level, 24-h urinary albumin excretion rate, glomerular basement membrane thickness, renal oxidative stress markers, and renal mRNA or protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1, fibronectin, collagen-IV, tumour necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor-A. Moreover, the expression of nephrin and podocin, and the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 were decreased in the diabetic group. These changes were not detected in the control group and were significantly prevented by ZnONP treatment. These results provide evidence that ZnONPs ameliorate the renal damage induced in a diabetic rat model of nephropathy through improving renal functionality; inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis; and delaying the development of podocyte injury. The present findings may help design the clinical application of ZnONPs for protection against the development of diabetic nephropathy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  7. Yusof MFH, Hashim SNM, Zahari W, Chandra H, Noordin KBAA, Kannan TP, et al.
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2020 May;191(1):177-190.
    PMID: 32096060 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03266-1
    Previously, it was reported that human amniotic membrane (AM) induced stem cells from human deciduous exfoliated teeth (SHED) endothelial-like-cell differentiation. This interesting effect of AM matrix on SHED demands further elucidation. Objective of this in vitro work was to study the effect of 24-h VEGF induced on SHED endothelial differentiation when seeded on acellular stromal side (SS) of AM matrix. Stemness of SHED was identified by flow cytometry. Cell attachment and morphological changes towards the matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Protein expression of endothelial marker was examined by Western blot. The expression of stem cells and endothelial-specific gene markers of VEGF-induced SHED cultured on human AM was inspected via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results showed SHED at both passages retain stemness property. Ang-1 protein was expressed in SHED. Cells treated with VEGF and cultured on AM transformed attached well to AM. VEGF-induced SHED expressed both stem cell and endothelial-specific markers throughout the treatments and timeline. Interestingly, prolonged VEGF treatment increased the expression of Cox-2 and VE-Cadherin genes in all treated groups when compared to SHED. It was concluded that the VEGF-induced SHED showed better expression of endothelial-specific markers when cultured on SS of AM, with prolonged VEGF treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology*
  8. Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Chan LC
    Pharmaceutics, 2018 Oct 23;10(4).
    PMID: 30360519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040198
    Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are among the most useful metal nanoparticles in biomedical applications. A previous study had confirmed that phytic acid-chitosan-iron oxide nanocomposite (Phy-CS-MNP) exhibited antiproliferative activity towards human colorectal cancer (HT-29) cells. Hence, in this work, we explored the in vitro cytotoxicity activity and mechanistic action of Phy-CS-MNP nanocomposite in modulating gene and protein expression profiles in HT-29 cell lines. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were evaluated by NovoCyte Flow Cytometer. The mRNA changes (cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9)) and protein expression (nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cytochrome c) were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting, respectively. The data from our study demonstrated that treatment with Phy-CS-MNP nanocomposite triggered apoptosis and G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest. The transcriptional activity of JNK1 and iNOS was upregulated after treatment with 90 μg/mL Phy-CS-MNP nanocomposite. Our results suggested that Phy-CS-MNP nanocomposite induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway through modulation of Bax and Bcl-2 and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  9. Rahman HS, Tan BL, Othman HH, Chartrand MS, Pathak Y, Mohan S, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2020;2020:8857428.
    PMID: 33381591 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8857428
    Angiogenesis is a crucial area in scientific research because it involves many important physiological and pathological processes. Indeed, angiogenesis is critical for normal physiological processes, including wound healing and embryonic development, as well as being a component of many disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, and diabetic retinopathies. Investigations of angiogenic mechanisms require assays that can activate the critical steps of angiogenesis as well as provide a tool for assessing the efficacy of therapeutic agents. Thus, angiogenesis assays are key tools for studying the mechanisms of angiogenesis and identifying the potential therapeutic strategies to modulate neovascularization. However, the regulation of angiogenesis is highly complex and not fully understood. Difficulties in assessing the regulators of angiogenic response have necessitated the development of an alternative approach. In this paper, we review the standard models for the study of tumor angiogenesis on the macroscopic scale that include in vitro, in vivo, and computational models. We also highlight the differences in several modeling approaches and describe key advances in understanding the computational models that contributed to the knowledge base of the field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
  10. Eldem B, Lai TYY, Ngah NF, Vote B, Yu HG, Fabre A, et al.
    Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2018 May;256(5):963-973.
    PMID: 29502232 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3890-8
    PURPOSE: To describe intravitreal ranibizumab treatment frequency, clinical monitoring, and visual outcomes (including mean central retinal thickness [CRT] and visual acuity [VA] changes from baseline) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in real-world settings across three ranibizumab reimbursement scenarios in the Middle East, North Africa, and the Asia-Pacific region.

    METHODS: Non-interventional multicenter historical cohort study of intravitreal ranibizumab use for nAMD in routine clinical practice between April 2010 and April 2013. Eligible patients were diagnosed with nAMD, received at least one intravitreal ranibizumab injection during the study period, and had been observed for a minimum of 1 year (up to 3 years). Reimbursement scenarios were defined as self-paid, partially-reimbursed, and fully-reimbursed.

    RESULTS: More than three-fourths (n = 2521) of the analysis population was partially-reimbursed for ranibizumab, while 16.4% (n = 532) was fully-reimbursed, and 5.8% was self-paid (n = 188). The average annual ranibizumab injection frequency was 4.1 injections in the partially-reimbursed, 4.7 in the fully-reimbursed and 2.6 in the self-paid populations. The average clinical monitoring frequency was estimated to be 6.7 visits/year, with similar frequencies observed across reimbursement categories. On average, patients experienced VA reduction of -0.7 letters and a decrease in CRT of -44.4 μm. The greatest mean CRT change was observed in the self-paid group, with -92.6 μm.

    CONCLUSIONS: UNCOVER included a large, heterogeneous ranibizumab-treated nAMD population in real-world settings. Patients in all reimbursement scenarios attained vision stability on average, indicating control of disease activity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
  11. Mohamad NA, Ramachandran V, Ismail P, Mohd Isa H, Chan YM, Ngah NF, et al.
    Bosn J Basic Med Sci, 2018 Aug 01;18(3):260-267.
    PMID: 29579408 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2493
    Pharmacogenetic studies indicate that a variable response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular form of AMD (nAMD) may be due to polymorphisms in the complement factor H gene (CFH). This study is the first to investigate the association between CFH Y402H polymorphism and the response to ranibizumab therapy in Malaysian patients with nAMD. We included 134 patients with nAMD, examined between September 2014 and February 2016. The diagnosis of nAMD was confirmed by ophthalmologic examination, before ranibizumab therapy was started. Each patient received an intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg/0.05 ml ranibizumab following a treat-and-extend (TE) regimen. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were recorded after 3 and 6 months following the first injection and compared with the baseline values. Genotyping of Y402H (rs1061170) polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP and the amplified product was digested with MluCI restriction enzyme. Association between the Y402H genotypes and response to treatment was determined by a logistic regression analysis of responder (n = 49) and non-responder (n = 84) group. Significantly worse mean BCVA was observed for the CC genotype compared to the TT + CT genotype in the total sample after 6-month follow-up (p = 0.018). Comparing the baseline and 6-month point measurements, improved mean BCVA was observed in responder group, while worse mean BCVA was recorded for non-responder group. However, our regression analysis, adjusted for confounding factors, showed no significant association between the Y402H genotypes and response to treatment in nAMD patients under the recessive model (p > 0.05). Overall, our results suggest that factors other than Y402H polymorphism may be involved in the progression of nAMD after treatment with anti-VEGF agents, in Malaysian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors*
  12. Muslim NS, Nassar ZD, Aisha AF, Shafaei A, Idris N, Majid AM, et al.
    PMID: 23126282 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-210
    Angiogenesis plays a critical role in embryonic development and various physiological processes. However, excessive angiogenesis is associated with several pathological conditions including cancer. Pithecellobium jiringa (Jack) Prain is a traditional medicinal plant from the family Leguminosae. It is native to the Southeast Asia, where it has been used traditionally for treatment of various ailments such as hypertension and diabetes. The present work is aimed to study antioxidant and antiangiogenesis activities of P. jiringa ethanol extracts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
  13. Kithur Mohamed S, Asif M, Nazari MV, Baharetha HM, Mahmood S, Yatim ARM, et al.
    Indian J Pharmacol, 2019 4 30;51(1):45-54.
    PMID: 31031467 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_312_18
    OBJECTIVES: Sophorolipids (SLs) are a group of surface-active glycolipids produced by a type of nonpathogenic yeast Candida bombicola in the presence of vegetable oil through fermentation technology. SLs have shown antitumor activity; however, the mechanism of action underlying the anticancer activity of SLs is poorly understood. This work evaluated the anticancer activity of SLs fermented from palm oil by exploring its antiangiogenic activity.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SLs that were fermented and further characterized for their biochemical activities. Cytotoxicity study was performed to assess cytostatic properties. A series of in vitro and ex vivo angiogenesis assay was also carried out. The relative fold change in the expression of p53 mRNA by SLs was also studied.

    RESULTS: Altogether, the data show that SLs derived from palm oil fermentation process inhibited neovascularization in the ex vivo tissue segments and also the endothelial cell proliferation between 50% and 65% inhibition as a whole. The palm oil derived SLs also caused downregulation of the suppression level of vascular endothelial growth factor and also upregulate the p53 mRNA level. The analytical studies revealed the presence of high amount of phenolic compounds but with relatively weak antioxidant activity. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies revealed abundant amount of palmitic and oleic acid, the latter an established antiangiogenic agent, and the former being proangiogenic.

    CONCLUSION: Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that SLs derived from fermented palm oil have potent antiangiogenic activity which may be attributed by its oleic acid component.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
  14. Abd Rahman F, Mohd Ali J, Abdullah M, Abu Kasim NH, Musa S
    J. Periodontol., 2016 07;87(7):837-47.
    PMID: 26846966 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150610
    BACKGROUND: This study investigates the effects of aspirin (ASA) on the proliferative capacity, osteogenic potential, and expression of growth factor-associated genes in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).

    METHODS: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from PDL tissue were isolated from human premolars (n = 3). The MSCs' identity was confirmed by immunophenotyping and trilineage differentiation assays. Cell proliferation activity was assessed through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Polymerase chain reaction array was used to profile the expression of 84 growth factor-associated genes. Pathway analysis was used to identify the biologic functions and canonic pathways activated by ASA treatment. The osteogenic potential was evaluated through mineralization assay.

    RESULTS: ASA at 1,000 μM enhances osteogenic potential of PDLSCs. Using a fold change (FC) of 2.0 as a threshold value, the gene expression analyses indicated that 19 genes were differentially expressed, which includes 12 upregulated and seven downregulated genes. Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin-2, bone morphogenetic protein-10, VEGFC, and 2 (FGF2) were markedly upregulated (FC range, 6 to 15), whereas pleotropin, FGF5, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 were markedly downregulated (FC 32). Of the 84 growth factor-associated genes screened, 35 showed high cycle threshold values (≥35).

    CONCLUSIONS: ASA modulates the expression of growth factor-associated genes and enhances osteogenic potential in PDLSCs. ASA upregulated the expression of genes that could activate biologic functions and canonic pathways related to cell proliferation, human embryonic stem cell pluripotency, tissue regeneration, and differentiation. These findings suggest that ASA enhances PDLSC function and may be useful in regenerative dentistry applications, particularly in the areas of periodontal health and regeneration.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/physiology*
  15. Lau TP, Roslani AC, Lian LH, Lee PC, Hilmi I, Goh KL, et al.
    Genet. Mol. Res., 2014;13(3):5555-61.
    PMID: 25117311 DOI: 10.4238/2014.July.25.9
    Growth factors are polypeptides that are critical for the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Most tumor cells are capable of synthesizing particular growth factors leading to constitutive pathway activation in these cells through autocrine signaling. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogenic peptide that exerts direct effects on the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells in carcinogenesis. By contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is vital for the invasion and metastasis of neoplasms through the formation of new blood vessels from mature endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated the association between functional polymorphisms of both the EGF and VEGF genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. A total of 130 CRC patients and 212 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. Genotyping of genetic variants was conducted via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with allele-specific TaqMan probes. None of the genotypes of the EGF +61 A>G and VEGF +936 C>T variants was significantly associated with CRC susceptibility among the Malaysian subjects evaluated (P > 0.05). The observed frequency distributions of the EGF +61 A>G polymorphism genotypes showed ethnic heterogeneity, which was not the case for the VEGF +936 C>T genotypes. In conclusion, no positive correlation between these functional polymorphisms and CRC risk was found in this Malaysian population. Studies of the EGF and VEGF genes and CRC susceptibility are scarce, and the results reported thus far differ from one population to another. Hence, more replication studies are warranted before any firm conclusions can be made.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics*
  16. Langmia IM, Apalasamy YD, Omar SZ, Mohamed Z
    Pharmacogenet Genomics, 2015 Apr;25(4):199-204.
    PMID: 25714003 DOI: 10.1097/FPC.0000000000000125
    Angiogenic pathway regulating genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) have been implicated in preterm birth (PTB) complications. Research shows that the VEGFA/VEGF receptor system plays an important role in the regulation of circulating progesterone level. Attenuation of VEGFA signaling at mid pregnancy results in onset of labor and parturition because of a reduction in circulating progesterone levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of VEGFA gene polymorphisms (rs2010963, rs3025039, rs699947, and rs10434) with spontaneous PTB and VEGFA plasma levels in preterm and term women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood*; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics*
  17. Siervo M, Hussin AM, Calella P, Ashor A, Shannon OM, Mendes I, et al.
    J Nutr, 2024 Feb;154(2):469-478.
    PMID: 38048992 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.002
    BACKGROUND: Aging and vitamin D deficiency have been associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and impaired endothelial function (EF) but the evidence in humans remains weak.

    OBJECTIVES: Two independent cross-sectional studies were designed to evaluate the association between age, sex, and plasma vitamin D concentrations with physiological and biochemical biomarkers of NO synthesis and EF in young and older healthy participants (Study 1) and in overweight and obese postmenopausal females (Study 2).

    METHODS: In Study 1, 40 young (20-49 y) and older (50-75 y) males and females (10 participants per age and sex group) were included. Resting blood pressure and ear-to-finger peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured. A stable-isotopic method was used to determine whole-body NO production. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), nitrate, nitrite, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations were determined. In Study 2, 80 older overweight and obese females (age 61.2 ± 6.2 y, body mass index 29.5 ± 4.4 kg/m2) were recruited. Postocclusion reactive hyperemia (PORH) and peripheral PWV were measured. Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D, nitrate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), endothelin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and ADMA were determined.

    RESULTS: In Study 1, whole-body NO production was significantly greater in young compared with older participants (0.61 ± 0.30 μmol·h-1·kg-1 compared with 0.39 ± 0.10 μmol·h-1·kg-1, P = 0.01) but there was no evidence of a sex difference (P = 0.81). Plasma 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with PWV (r = 0.18, P = 0.28) or whole-body NO production (r = -0.20, P = 0.22). Plasma ADMA concentration was associated positively with age (r = 0.35, P = 0.03) and negatively with whole-body NO production (r = -0.33, P = 0.04). In Study 2, age was associated with lower PORH (r = -0.28, P = 0.02) and greater ADMA concentrations (r = 0.22, P = 0.04). Plasma 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with 3-NT concentrations (r = -0.31, P = 0.004).

    CONCLUSIONS: Older age was associated with lower whole-body NO production. Plasma vitamin D concentrations were not associated with NO production or markers of EF but showed a weak, significant correlation with oxidative stress in postmenopausal overweight females.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  18. Manzor NF, Chua KH, Tan GC, Tan AE, Abdul Rahman H
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:11-2.
    PMID: 19024960
    The objective of this study was to investigate the angiogenic potential of human chorion-derived stem cells (CDSC) cultured in medium containing bFGF and VEGF (EDM50). Total RNA was extracted from cells cultured in FD+10% FBS and EDM50. Quantitative RT-PCR was carried out to score the differential mRNA expression of genes involve in angiogenesis and endothelial differentiation. Our finding demonstrated that all angiogenic and endothelial associated genes were expressed higher in EDM50. Expression level of ANG-1, eNOS and VEGFR2 were significantly higher in EDM50 compared to FD+10% FBS. Our results suggested that human CDSC cultured in EDM50 can be used for angiogenesis purpose in regenerative medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  19. Ramasamy R, Tong CK, Yip WK, Vellasamy S, Tan BC, Seow HF
    Cell Prolif, 2012 Apr;45(2):132-9.
    PMID: 22309282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00808.x
    BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have great potential in regenerative medicine, immunotherapy and gene therapy due to their unique properties of self-renewal, high plasticity, immune modulation and ease for genetic modification. However, production of MSC at sufficient clinical scale remains an issue as in vitro generation of MSC inadequately fulfils the demand with respect to patients.

    OBJECTIVES: This study has aimed to establish optimum conditions to generate and characterize MSC from human umbilical cord (UC-MSC).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: To optimize MSC population growth, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was utilized in culture media. Effects of bFGF on expansion kinetics, cell cycle, survival of UC-MSC, cytokine secretion, expression of early stem-cell markers and immunomodulation were investigated.

    RESULTS: bFGF supplementation profoundly enhanced UC-MSC proliferation by reducing population doubling time without altering immunophenotype and immunomodulatory function of UC-MSC. However, cell cycle studies revealed that bFGF drove the cells into the cell cycle, as a higher proportion of cells resided in S phase and progressed into M phase. Consistent with this, bFGF was shown to promote expression of cyclin D proteins and their relevant kinases to drive UC-MSC to transverse cell cycle check points, thus, committing the cells to DNA synthesis. Furthermore, supplementation with bFGF changed the cytokine profiles of the cells and reduced their apoptotic level.

    CONCLUSION: Our study showed that bFGF supplementation of UC-MSC culture enhanced the cells' growth kinetics without compromising their nature.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
  20. Han H, Yang Y, Wu Z, Liu B, Dong L, Deng H, et al.
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2021 Jan;133:110999.
    PMID: 33227710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110999
    Abnormal angiogenesis is associated with intraocular diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, and current therapies for these eye diseases are not satisfactory. The purpose of this study was to determine whether capilliposide B (CPS-B), a novel oleanane triterpenoid saponin derived from Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl, can inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis signaling events and cellular responses in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs). Our study revealed that the capilliposide B IC50 for HRECs was 8.5 μM at 72 h and that 1 μM capilliposide B specifically inhibited VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling enzymes Akt and Erk. In addition, we discovered that this chemical effectively blocked VEGF-stimulated proliferation, migration and tube formation of the HRECs, suggesting that capilliposide B is a promising prophylactic for angiogenesis-associated diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology*
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