Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 68 in total

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  1. Saniasiaya J, Islam MA, Abdullah B
    Laryngoscope, 2021 04;131(4):865-878.
    PMID: 33219539 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29286
    OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Olfactory dysfunction has been observed as one of the clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.

    STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analyses.

    METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify studies published between 1 December 2019 and 23 July 2020. We used random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test. Robustness of the pooled estimates was checked by different subgroup and sensitivity analyses This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020183768).

    RESULTS: We identified 1162 studies, of which 83 studies (n = 27492, 61.4% female) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients was 47.85% [95% CI: 41.20-54.50]. We observed olfactory dysfunction in 54.40% European, 51.11% North American, 31.39% Asian, and 10.71% Australian COVID-19 patients. Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysosmia were observed in 35.39%, 36.15%, and 2.53% of the patients, respectively. There were discrepancies in the results of studies with objective (higher prevalence) versus subjective (lower prevalence) evaluations. The discrepancy might be due to false-negative reporting observed in self-reported health measures.

    CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients was found to be 47.85% based on high-quality evidence. Due to the subjective measures of most studies pooled in the analysis, further studies with objective measures are advocated to confirm the finding.

    LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 Laryngoscope, 131:865-878, 2021.

  2. Saniasiaya J, Islam MA, Abdullah B
    Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2021 07;165(1):33-42.
    PMID: 33320033 DOI: 10.1177/0194599820981018
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess the pooled prevalence of taste disorders and their subtypes in patients with COVID-19.

    DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify studies published between December 1, 2019, and June 23, 2020, without language restrictions. There was no restriction on the study design; therefore, observational studies, clinical trials, and case series were included. In addition, preprints were considered if data of interest were reported.

    REVIEW METHODS: Two authors independently screened articles for eligibility. A random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% CIs. Quality assessment was done with critical appraisal tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The robustness of the pooled estimates was checked by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

    RESULTS: Fifty-nine studies were included (N = 29,349 patients, 64.4% female). The pooled prevalence of taste disorders in patients with COVID-19 was 48.1% (95% CI, 41.3%-54.8%). The prevalence of taste disorders in studies with objective assessments was higher as compared with subjective assessments (59.2% vs 47.3%). The disorders were observed in 55.2% of European patients; 61.0%, North American; 27.1%, Asian; 29.5%, South American; and 25.0%, Australian. Ageusia, hypogeusia, and dysgeusia were detected in 28.0%, 33.5%, and 41.3% of patients with COVID-19. We identified 91.5% of the included studies as high quality.

    CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of taste disorders in patients with COVID-19 was 48.1%. Objective assessments have higher prevalence than subjective assessments. Dysgeusia is the most common subtype, followed by ageusia and hypogeusia.

  3. Lim CC, Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J
    BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Jul 01;14(7).
    PMID: 34210704 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-243412
    Postauricular swelling is usually encountered in an emergency setting in otorhinolaryngology, resulting from complication of acute or chronic suppurative otitis media. Besides that, postauricular swelling may occur secondary to various other conditions including infectious disease, tumour, vascular malformation, granulomatous condition and even trauma. Children less than 2 years old are prone to fall and up to 10% sustain traumatic brain injury without any obvious signs of neurological deficit. We describe a rare case of a postauricular swelling in a toddler which turned out to be salmonella extradural abscess from an infected traumatic haematoma. The importance of high clinical suspicion especially in a child with a history of fall cannot be emphasised more because a missed brain abscess could lead to potentially life-threatening problems. We would like to highlight that meticulous history taking along with prompt assessment and intervention is prudent for a better prognosis and recovery.
  4. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2020 Dec;139:110482.
    PMID: 33166755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110482
    INTRODUCTION: Paediatrics obstructive sleep apnoea have been discussed to a great degree over the recent years and remains a conundrum till date. The advent of instrumentation has aided upper airway evaluation in determining the site and degree of upper airway collapse for targeted and effective surgical planning. The literature was reviewed to determine the outcome of Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) directed surgery in children with obstructive sleep apnoea.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted for the period from January 2000 to December 2019 by using a number of medical literature data bases including Scopus, PubMed and Embase. The following search words were used either individually or in combination: drug-induced sleep endoscopy, sleep endoscopy directed surgery, paediatrics sleep apnoea. The search was conducted over a month period (December 2019). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were followed when possible.

    RESULTS: Seven clinical research articles were selected based on our objective and selection criteria. Seven studies were of level III evidence: retrospective, case-control and prospective series. Altogether, there were 996 patients with male predominance; 61%. Over 10% of patients (133 patients) were found to have comorbidities or were syndromic. The mean age of patient was 6 years and majority (87.6%) of our patients were found to be surgically naïve, that is, no previous surgical procedures were performed for OSA. Surgical decision was changed in 295 patients (30%) following DISE. Post intervention outcomes were objectively revealed in 4 studies. Most of our patients underwent a multilevel surgery based on DISE (86%). Complications were documented in 3 studies.

    CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the results indicated that DISE directed surgery was an effective, safe therapeutic approach to treating paediatrics obstructive sleep apnoea. DISE directed surgery has shown to have changed surgical management in most studies.

  5. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J, Narayanan P
    Clin Otolaryngol, 2023 May;48(3):371-380.
    PMID: 36640123 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14038
    BACKGROUND: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a debilitating condition that has been significantly described in adults. Recent data points out that BPPV occurs in children as well. Canalith repositioning manoeuvre (CRM) has shown promising results amongst adult patients with BPPV.

    OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the literature to determine the outcome of CRM in children and adolescents with BPPV.

    METHODS: A literature search was conducted over 1 month (March 2022). The primary outcome was defined as the resolution of positional nystagmus and symptoms, and secondary outcomes were determined by the presence of recurrence and the number of attempts of CRM.

    RESULTS: Ten articles were selected based on our objective and selection criteria. A total of 242 patients were included, with a mean of 10.9 years. BPPV was diagnosed based on history and positional nystagmus in all patients (100%). CRM was performed in 97.9% of patients, whereby 80.5% recovered following a single attempt of CRM. Recurrence of symptoms was identified in 10% of patients with no reported major complications.

    CONCLUSION: CRM has demonstrated promising results in children and adolescents. The quality of evidence is limited until a better-quality study involving randomised controlled studies with a larger sample size is completed.

  6. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J, Narayanan P
    PMID: 34423675 DOI: 10.1177/00034894211041340
    OBJECTIVE: Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a chronic entity that has been historically managed with adenoidectomy and ventilation tube insertion. Recently, balloon dilation of the eustachian tube has shown promising results in recalcitrant eustachian tube dysfunction. We reviewed the literature to determine the outcome of eustachian tube balloon dilation in children.

    METHODS: A literature search was conducted for the period from 1990 to 2020 by searching several databases over a 1-month period (January 2021) according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews for Interventions. Primary outcome was defined as the success of the intervention determined by the resolution of symptoms, and secondary outcome was determined by revisions surgery and presence of complications.

    RESULTS: Only 7 articles were identified based on our objectives and selection criteria. All studies included are retrospective cohort case series (Level IV) and 1 cohort of matched controls (Level III). A total of 284 patients were included in this review, with a mean age of 7.8 years. A total of 463 balloon dilation were performed either bilaterally or unilaterally. The most common finding of ETD is middle ear effusion in 5 studies. Balloon dilation of eustachian tube was second-line treatment in 6 studies and first-line treatment in 1 study. Improvement of symptoms was identified in all studies through various assessments performed. Revision surgery was performed in 1 study with no major complications reported.

    CONCLUSIONS: Balloon dilation of the eustachian tube may be considered as an alternative procedure following failed standard treatment in children. The quality of evidence is inadequate to recommend widespread use of the technique until a better-quality study has been completed. Future randomized controlled studies with a large sample size are warranted to determine the efficacy of this procedure amongst children.

  7. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J, Narayanan P
    J Laryngol Otol, 2021 Nov;135(11):953-957.
    PMID: 34496981 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215121002292
    BACKGROUND: Despite the rapidly emerging reports of olfactory dysfunction amongst adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019, cases involving children and adolescents are scarcely reported. The literature was reviewed to elucidate olfactory dysfunction amongst children and adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019.

    METHODS: A search of the literature published from 1 December 2019 to 30 April 2021 was conducted using four databases, based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The search was performed over one month (May 2021).

    RESULTS: Only 9 articles were identified, with a total of 316 laboratory confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 positive children and adolescents, of whom 156 reported olfactory dysfunction. Four studies reported olfactory dysfunction based on subjective tests; four studies carried out objective assessment. Most studies reported on olfaction recovery.

    CONCLUSION: The literature review revealed an olfactory dysfunction rate of 49 per cent amongst children and adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019. Persistence of olfactory dysfunction was reported in 7.1 per cent of the patients. Further studies involving objective measures need to be carried out in children and adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019.

  8. Ramasamy K, Saniasiaya J, Abdul Gani N
    Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 2021 May;130(5):513-519.
    PMID: 33025798 DOI: 10.1177/0003489420963165
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction among patients with COVID-19 infection and the recovery rate.

    METHODS: Adult patients (≥18 years) tested positive for COVID-19 via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and admitted in Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Malaysia, were recruited in this study. Patients completed a questionnaire via telephone interview comprising the following details: age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, general and otorhinolaryngological symptoms, onset and duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. Patients with persistent olfactory and gustatory dysfunction at the time of the initial interview were followed-up every 3 to 5 days till resolution.

    RESULTS: A total of 145 patients were included in our study. The mean age of patients was 43.0 ± 17.7 (range: 18-86). Fever (44.1%) and cough (39.3%) were the most prevalent general symptoms. Thirty-one patients (21.4%) reported olfactory dysfunction and 34 (23.4%) reported dysgeusia. There was a significant association between both olfactory and gustatory dysfunction (P 

  9. Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J, Narayanan P
    Ear Nose Throat J, 2023 Apr;102(4):NP201-NP202.
    PMID: 33645290 DOI: 10.1177/0145561321995008
  10. Ramasamy K, Saniasiaya J, Abdul Gani N
    Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis, 2021 May;138(3):213-214.
    PMID: 33032966 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.05.018
  11. Saniasiaya J, Lim SM, Kulasegarah J
    Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2023 Jun;75(2):1274-1276.
    PMID: 37276073 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03411-8
    BACKGROUND: Airway obstruction in a child requires expedite management in addition to comprehensive discussion between the Otolaryngology and Anaesthesiology team to formulate a treatment plan to ensure safe airway. Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) is an exophytic benign laryngeal lesion which poses a great challenge when presented with respiratory distress.

    OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a novel, safe and cost-effective approach to temporary tracheal ventilation of the obstructed airway in a child with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis using the laryngeal suction tube connected to general anaesthetic (GA) machine.

    RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Rigid laryngeal suction tube is placed through the side-port of Lindholm laryngoscope and connected to breathing circuit of GA machine. Manual bagging ventilation with 100% FiO2 achieved good oxygenation throughout the debulking of the papilloma without hindering the surgical field. Our technique utilizes the readily available equipment whilst enabling safe anaesthesia and providing good surgical field during excision of obstructive papillomatous airway lesion.

  12. Ponnuvelu K, Saniasiaya J, Abdul Gani N
    BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Aug 16;14(8).
    PMID: 34400422 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-242122
    Foreign body (FB) in the external auditory canal is more common among the paediatric age group compared with adult patients and it may be deposited in various ways. An accidental animate aural FB is reported to be commonly encountered in adults whereas inanimate FBs are likely to be found among adult patients with learning disability. An elderly man presented with accidental penetration of rattan tree stem into his ear while gardening. Removal of a FB from the external auditory canal requires expertise as deep penetration of a FB into the middle and inner ear may lead grave complications, especially when overzealous removal is attempted by nonear, nose and throat (ENT) personnel. This case emphasises on the importance of awareness of meticulous removal of a FB under proper visualisation so as to avoid unnecessary complications. Additionally, we propose an algorithm for proper removal of aural FB in an acute care setting.
  13. Saniasiaya J, Mohamad I, Abdul Rahman SK
    Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2016 06 22;86(3):389-392.
    PMID: 27388958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.05.011
  14. Saniasiaya J, Prepageran N
    J Laryngol Otol, 2021 Aug 24.
    PMID: 34425929 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215121002279
    OBJECTIVE: To outline the impact on quality of life in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with olfactory dysfunction.

    METHODS: Five databases were searched for articles referring to the impact on quality of life in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with olfactory dysfunction. The search was conducted for the period from November 2019 to April 2021. The search was conducted over one month (May 2021).

    RESULTS: Four studies that met the objective were included. Altogether, there were 1045 patients. Various questionnaires were used to assess quality of life. Overall, the quality of life deficit affected 67.7 per cent of patients. Quality of life domains investigated include overall quality of life (four studies), food and taste dysfunction (two studies), mental health (two studies), cognitive function (one study), functional outcome (one study) and safety domains (one study).

    CONCLUSION: Quality of life deficit was reported to be 67.7 per cent among coronavirus disease 2019 patients with olfactory dysfunction. The high prevalence of persistent olfactory dysfunction prompts more serious research, as the long-standing consequences of olfactory dysfunction are detrimental.

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