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Fulltext Epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section: a comparison of 0.5% bupivacaine plain, 0.5% bupivacaine plus 100 micrograms fentanyl and 0.5% bupivacaine plus 50 micrograms fentanyl

Wang CY, Ong GS, Delilkan AE

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Sep;49(3):269-74.
PMID: 7845278

Thirty-one healthy women who underwent Caesarean section were studied in a double-blind trial to compare the effectiveness of epidural 0.5% bupivacaine plain, 0.5% bupivacaine plus 100 micrograms fentanyl and 0.5% bupivacaine plus 50 micrograms fentanyl in the prevention of intraoperative pain. There was no difference in the quality of analgesia between the three groups. The incidence of complications was significantly higher in the 0.5% bupivacaine plus 100 micrograms fentanyl group compared with the other two groups.
Upward transtentorial herniation of posterior fossa structures

Wang CY, Chee CP, Delilkan AE

Eur J Anaesthesiol, 1991 Nov;8(6):469-70.
PMID: 1765045
Temporary cardiopulmonary bypass and isolated lung ventilation for tracheal stenosis and reconstruction

Chiu CL, Teh BT, Wang CY

Br J Anaesth, 2003 Nov;91(5):742-4.
PMID: 14570801

A 27-yr-old lady with a past history of prolonged ventilation presented with worsening respiratory distress caused by tracheal stenosis. She required urgent tracheal resection and reconstruction. Because of the risk of an acute respiratory obstruction, spinal anaesthesia was used to establish cardiopulmonary bypass by cannulating the femoral artery and femoral vein. Adequate gas exchange was possible with full flow rate. Thoracotomy was then carried out to mobilize the left main bronchus. After successfully securing an airway by intubation of the left main bronchus, cardiopulmonary bypass was discontinued and tracheal resection and anastomosis was done under conventional one lung anaesthesia.
Fulltext Amine-Aldehyde Chemical Conjugation on a Potassium Hydroxide-Treated Polystyrene ELISA Surface for Nanosensing an HIV-p24 Antigen

Wang C, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB

Nanoscale Res Lett, 2019 Jan 14;14(1):21.
PMID: 30644016 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2848-z

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used for disease surveillance and drug screening due to its relatively higher accuracy and sensitivity. Fine-tuning the ELISA is mandatory to elevate the specific detection of biomolecules at a lower abundance. Towards this end, higher molecular capture on the polystyrene (PS) ELISA surface is crucial for efficient detection, and it could be attained by immobilizing the molecules in the correct orientation. It is highly challenging to immobilize protein molecules in a well-aligned manner on an ELISA surface due to charge variations. We employed a 3-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)- and glutaraldehyde (GLU)-coupled PS surface chemical strategy to demonstrate the high performance with ELISA. A potassium hydroxide treatment followed by an equal ratio of 1% APTES and GLU attachment was found to be optimal, and a longer incubation with GLU favored maximum sensitivity. p24 is a vital early secreting antigen for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and it has been used for efficient detection with the above chemistry. Three different procedures were followed, and they led to the improved detection of the HIV-p24 antigen at 1 nM, which is a 30-fold higher level compared to a conventional ELISA surface. The surface chemical functionalization shown here also displays a higher specificity with human serum and HIV-TAT. The above approach with the designed surface chemistry could also be recommended for disease diagnosis on other sensing surfaces involving the interaction of the probe and the analyte in heterogeneous test samples.
Fulltext Ulnar Osteotomy with 2-Pin Unilateral Gradual Distraction for Treatment of Chronic Monteggia Fracture: A Case Report

Gooi SG, Wang CS, Saw A, Zulkiflee O

Malays Orthop J, 2017 Mar;11(1):79-81.
PMID: 28435583 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1703.015

Missed Monteggia fracture leading to chronic radial head dislocation is a known complication. The surgical treatment options remain challenging. The aim of treatment is to reduce the radial head and to maintain the stability of the elbow in all ranges of motion. A few surgical techniques have been described with complications. We report the case of a 13 years old boy with chronic radial head dislocation as a result of an unrecognised Monteggia fracture-dislocation for eight years. We successfully reduced the radial head and corrected the cubital valgus from 45 degrees to 10 degrees with a proximal ulna osteotomy and gradual distraction with 2-pin Monotube external fixator. The correction was uneventful with good functional outcome.
Metagenomic Analysis of the Effect of Enteromorpha prolifera Bloom on Microbial Community and Function in Aquaculture Environment

Sun F, Wang C, Chen H, Zheng Z

Curr Microbiol, 2020 May;77(5):816-825.
PMID: 31927597 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01862-x

Enteromorpha prolifera blooms considerably affected coastal environments in recent years. However, the effects of E. prolifera on microbial ecology and function remained unknown. In this study, metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the effect of E. prolifera bloom on the microbial communities and functional genes in an aquaculture environment. Results showed that E. prolifera bloom could significantly alter the microbial composition and abundance, and heterotrophic bacteria comprised the major groups in the E. prolifera bloom pond, which was dominated by Actinomycetales and Flavobacteriales. The study indicated that viruses played an important role in shaping the microbial community and diversity during E. prolifera bloom. These viruses affected various dominant microbial taxa (such as Rhodobacteraceae, Synechococcus, and Prochlorococcus), which produced an obvious impact on potential nutrient transformation. Functional annotation analysis indicated that E. prolifera bloom would considerably shift the metabolism function by altering the structure and abundance of the microbial community. E. prolifera bloom pond had the low ability of potential metabolic capabilities of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphate, whereas promoted gene abundance of genetic information processing. These changes in the microbial community and function could produce serious effect on aquaculture ecosystem.
Fulltext Benign persistent pneumoperitoneum in systemic sclerosis

Wang CL, Wang F, Wong KC, Jeyamalar R

Singapore Med J, 1993 Dec;34(6):563-4.
PMID: 8153727

We describe a 50-year-old Chinese woman who had severe gastrointestinal manifestations from systemic sclerosis complicated by spontaneous pneumoperitoneum in the absence of either visceral perforation or pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. This is a rare complication of systemic sclerosis; only four other cases have been reported. Recognition of this condition is important so as to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Fulltext Review of concerned SARS-CoV-2 variants like Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529), as well as novel methods for reducing and inactivating SARS-CoV-2 mutants in wastewater treatment facilities

Zahmatkesh S, Sillanpaa M, Rezakhani Y, Wang C

J Hazard Mater Adv, 2022 Aug;7:100140.
PMID: 37520798 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100140

The coronavirus known as COVID-19, which causes pandemics, is causing a global epidemic at a critical stage today. Furthermore, novel mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have been discovered in an entirely new strain, impacting the clinical and epidemiological features of COVID-19. Variants of these viruses can increase the transmission in wastewater, lead to reinfection, and reduce immunity provided by monoclonal antibodies and vaccinations. According to the research, a large quantity of viral RNA was discovered in wastewater, suggesting that wastewater can be a crucial source of epidemiological data and health hazards. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a few basic concepts regarding wastewater surveillance as a starting point for comprehending COVID-19's epidemiological aspects. Next, the observation of Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529) in wastewater is discussed in detail. Secondly, the essential information for the initial, primary, and final treating sewage in SARS-CoV-2 is introduced. Following that, a thorough examination is provided to highlight the newly developed methods for eradicating SARS-CoV-2 using a combination of solar water disinfection (SODIS) and ultraviolet radiation A (UVA (315-400 nm)), ultraviolet radiation B (UVB (280-315 nm)), and ultraviolet radiation C (UVC (100-280 nm)) processes. SARS-CoV-2 eradication requires high temperatures (above 56°C) and UVC. However, SODIS technologies are based on UVA and operate at cooler temperatures (less than 45°C). Hence, it is not appropriate for sewage treatment (or water consumption) to be conducted using SODIS methods in the current pandemic. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 may be discovered in sewage utilizing the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) monitoring method.
Fulltext Giant sacral chondrosarcoma in an elderly male : a case report

Chan H, Wang C, Azuhairy A, Hau A, Zulkiflee O

Malays Orthop J, 2014 Mar;8(1):79-81.
PMID: 25347391 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1403.007

Primary sacral tumours are rare, therefore experience of managing their associated complications are very limited. Effective surgical treatment of pelvic chondrosarcoma remains a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons, due to the complex anatomic structure of the pelvis, the lack of defined compartment borders, the close vicinity to vital structures, and the risk of jeopardizing pelvic structural stability. We report a rare case of a giant sacral chondrosarcoma (100cm x 80cm) in an elderly male who successfully underwent tumour resection with good functional outcome and recovery. Long term follow up is essential in view of the possibility of local tumour recurrence.
KEY WORDS: Giant Chondrosarcoma, Sacrum, Surgery, Elderly Male.
Randomised comparison of the LMA Supreme with the I-Gel in spontaneously breathing anaesthetised adult patients

Chew EE, Hashim NH, Wang CY

Anaesth Intensive Care, 2010 Nov;38(6):1018-22.
PMID: 21226431

We compared the performance of the LMA Supreme (SLMA) with the I-Gel during anaesthesia in spontaneously breathing adult patients. Ninety patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II were studied in a prospective randomised controlled study. Our primary outcome measure was oropharyngeal leak pressure. We also compared the overall insertion success rate, ease of insertion, adequacy of ventilation and incidence of complications. The mean (SD), oropharyngeal leak pressure for the SLMA was 25.6 (5.1) cmH2O, which was greater than for the I-Gel 20.7 (5.9) cmH2O (P = 0.0001). The first attempt and overall insertion success rates were similar between the two groups (SLMA 97.8 and 97.8%; I-Gel 93.3 and 100%, P = 0.132). The SLMA was rated easier to insert than the I-Gel (P = 0.011), but the time taken for insertion (P = 0.433) was similar. The incidence of complications was low in both groups. The grade of fibreoptic view was better with the I-Gel than the SLMA (P = 0.001). We conclude that in adults with normal airways, the SLMA is easier to insert and provides a higher oropharyngeal leak pressure, but fibreoptic views are better with the i-gel.
Superficial cervical plexus block combined with auriculotemporal nerve block for drainage of dental abscess in adults with difficult airways

Ling KU, Hasan MS, Ha KO, Wang CY

Anaesth Intensive Care, 2009 Jan;37(1):124-6.
PMID: 19157359

We report our use of a superficial cervical plexus block to manage three adults who presented for drainage of dental abscesses. All patients had difficult airways related to severe trismus (preoperative inter-incisor distance < or = 1.5 cm). The first two patients, whose abcesses involved both the submandibular and submasseteric spaces, were managed with combined superficial cervical plexus and auriculotemporal nerve block. In a third patient, a superficial cervical plexus block alone was sufficient because the abscess was confined to the submandibular region. The blocks were successful in all three cases with minimal requirement for supplemental analgesia. We recommend the consideration of superficial cervical plexus block, and if necessary an auriculotemporal nerve block, for the management of selected patients with difficult airways who present for drainage of dental abcesses.
Fulltext Technique of anaesthesia in pulmonary hypertension and thrombophilia in early pregnancy

Chuah KH, Mansor M, Rajen G, Wang CY, Chan YK

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Mar;61(1):114-6.
PMID: 16708749 MyJurnal

Pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy is a rare condition but is associated with a high mortality. We report the case of a 29 year old female in early pregnancy with Protein C and S deficiency with recurrent deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and subsequent secondary pulmonary hypertension. The patient was counselled and consented for termination of pregnancy with tubal sterilization. She was administered continuous spinal anaesthesia with invasive monitoring. The successful anaesthetic management of this condition is described.
Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Alternanthera sessilis and its anticancer activity on cervical cancer cells (HeLa)

Qian L, Su W, Wang Y, Dang M, Zhang W, Wang C

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2019 Dec;47(1):1173-1180.
PMID: 30942109 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1549064

Cervical cancer is the third most common highest mortality in women worldwide. The use of standard chemotherapeutic drugs against cervical cancer patients received several side effects. Therefore, we focused phytoconsituents-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) considered as greatest attention in the treatment of cervical cancer. In this present study, we reported that green synthesis of AuNPs by using with Alternanthera Sessilis aqueous extract. Synthesis of AuNPs were characterized by UV visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), selected area diffraction pattern (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and atomic force microscope. Synthesized AuNPs confirmed by the UV absorption maximum at 535 and crystal structure of gold AuNPs was further confirmed by EDX and SAED. TEM and atomic force microscopy images show the size and morphological distribution of nanoparticles. FTIR analysis was confirmed the hydroxyl groups, amine and alkaline groups of biomolecules are present in the AuNPs. Moreover, AuNPs induce cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells and also induce apoptosis through modulating intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms in cervical cancer cells. This green synthesis of AuNPs from Alternanthera sessilis approach was easy, large scaled up and eco-friendly.
Fulltext Retrofitting ancient timber glulam mortise & tenon construction joints through computer-aided laser cutting

Zhan Z, Wang C, Yap JBH, Loi MS

Heliyon, 2020 Apr;6(4):e03671.
PMID: 32382668 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03671

This study is aimed to rationalise and demonstrate the efficacy of utilising laser cutting technique in the fabrication of glulam mortise & tenon joints in timber frame. Trial-and-error experiments aided by laser cutter were conducted to produce 3D timber mortise & tenon joints models. The two main instruments used were 3D modelling software and the laser cutter TH 1390/6090. Plywood was chosen because it could produce smooth and accurate cut edges whereby the surface could remain crack-free, and it could increase stability due to its laminated nature. Google SketchUp was used for modelling and Laser CAD v7.52 was used to transfer the 3D models to the laser cutter because it is compatible with AI, BMP, PLT, DXF and DST templates. Four models were designed and fabricated in which the trial-and-error experiments proved laser cutting could speed up the manufacturing process with superb quality and high uniformity. Precision laser cutting supports easy automation, produces small heat-affected zone, minimises deformity, relatively quiet and produces low amount of waste. The LaserCAD could not process 3D images directly but needed 2D images to be transferred, so layering and unfolding works were therefore needed. This study revealed a significant potential of rapid manufacturability of mortise & tenon joints with high-quality and high-uniformity through computer-aided laser cutting technique for wide applications in the built environment.
Fulltext Effect of single-dose dexmedetomidine on postoperative recovery after ambulatory ureteroscopy and ureteric stenting: a double blind randomized controlled study

Shariffuddin II, Teoh WH, Wahab S, Wang CY

BMC Anesthesiol, 2018 01 05;18(1):3.
PMID: 29304735 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-017-0464-6

BACKGROUND: Ambulatory surgery has recently gain popularity, as it is a good method of optimizinghospital resources utilization. To support ambulatory surgery, anaesthetic goals nowrevolve around patients' early recovery with minimal pain and nausea, expedientdischarge home and prompt resumption of activities of daily living. In this study, weevaluated the effect of a single pre-induction dose of dexmedetomidine on anaestheticrequirements, postoperative pain and clinical recovery after ambulatory ureteroscopy andureteric stenting under general anaesthesia.
METHODS: Sixty patients were randomised to receive IV dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg.kg-1 (Group DEX, n = 30) or IV saline (Group P, n = 30). General anaesthesia was maintained with Sevoflurane: oxygen: air, titrated to BIS 40-60. Pain intensity, sedation, rescue analgesics, nausea/vomiting and resumption of daily activities were recorded at 1 h, and postoperative day (POD) 1-5.
RESULTS: Group DEX patients had significant reduction in sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), mean (SD) DEX vs. Placebo 0.6 (0.2) vs. 0.9 (0.1), p = 0.037; reduced postoperative resting pain at 1 h (VAS 0-10) (mean (SD) 1.00 (1.84) vs. 2.63 (2.78), p = 0.004), POD 1 (mean (SD) 1.50 (1.48) vs. 2.87 (2.72), p = 0.002), POD 2 (0.53 (0.97) vs. 1.73 (1.96), p = 0.001) and POD 3 (0.30 (0.75) vs. 0.89 (1.49), p = 0.001). DEX patients also had less pain on movement POD 1 (3.00 (2.12) vs. 4.30 (3.10), p = 0.043) and POD 2 (2.10 (1.98) vs. 3.10 (2.46), p = 0.040), with higher resumption of daily activities by 48 h compared to placebo, 87% vs. 63%, p = 0.04.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a single dose of dexmedetomidine was a useful adjuvant in reducing MAC and postoperative pain (at 1 h and POD 1-3), facilitating faster return to daily activities by 48 h.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12617001120369 , 31st July 2017, retrospectively registered.
Fulltext Various advanced wastewater treatment methods to remove microplastics and prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to airborne microplastics

Zahmatkesh S, Klemeš JJ, Bokhari A, Wang C, Sillanpaa M, Amesho KTT, et al.

Int J Environ Sci Technol (Tehran), 2023;20(2):2229-2246.
PMID: 36438928 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-022-04654-2

Microplastics (MPs) and SARS-CoV-2 interact due to their widespread presence in our environment and affect the virus' behaviour indoors and outdoors. Therefore, it is necessary to study the interaction between MPs and SARS-CoV-2. The environmental damage caused by MPs is increasing globally. Emerging pollutants may adversely affect organisms, especially sewage, posing a threat to human health, animal health, and the ecological system. A significant concern with MPs in the air is that they are a vital component of MPs in the other environmental compartments, such as water and soil, which may affect human health through ingesting or inhaling. This work introduces the fundamental knowledge of various methods in advanced water treatment, including membrane bioreactors, advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, etc., are highly effective in removing MPs; they can still serve as an entrance route due to their constantly being discharged into aquatic environments. Following that, an analysis of each process for MPs' removal and mitigation or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 contamination is discussed. Next, an airborne microplastic has been reported in urban areas, raising health concerns since aerosols are considered a possible route of SARS-CoV-2 disease transmission and bind to airborne MP surfaces. The MPs can be removed from wastewater through conventional treatment processes with physical processes such as screening, grit chambers, and pre-sedimentation.
Fulltext Structured mathematical modelling on innovation management in project-oriented small construction firms

Wang C, Tang Y, Mo Y, Huang MM, Abdul-Rahman H

Heliyon, 2023 Feb;9(2):e13386.
PMID: 36755599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13386

The significance of innovation management in triggering and sustaining increase in corporations of distinct size, age or enterprise type, is receiving growing attention, yet scant empirical research have been carried out in project-oriented service firms, in particular small-scaled enterprises. This study aims to identify how innovation management in small construction firms could enable them to pursue innovation and achieve greater business performance. Data collection comprises 157 empirical surveys leading to a conceptual framework modelled using the structural equation modelling approach. The findings show that entrepreneurship and networking have a direct and considerable influence on both technological and non-technological innovation, which consequently improves firm performance.
Two new genera of Euophryini from southern China and Malaysia (Araneae, Salticidae, Salticinae)

Yu K, Wang C, Maddison WP, Zhang J

Zootaxa, 2023 Jan 31;5231(3):201-248.
PMID: 37045149 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5231.3.1

Two new genera of euophryine jumping spiders in the Laufeia group are established for species from Southeast Asia: Amoenema Yu & Zhang, gen. nov. and Lokina Yu, Maddison & Zhang, gen. nov., with descriptions of 12 new species: Amoenema erhai Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀, type species), A. liuae Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), A. zizhongi Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), Lokina blombergi Yu, Maddison & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), L. chiyou Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀, type species), L. fuxi Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), L. kubah Yu, Maddison & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂), L. nyuewa Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), L. pixi Yu, Maddison & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂), L. tamasi Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂♀), L. wuyi Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂), L. zhishengi Yu & Zhang, sp. nov. (♂). In addition, three new combinations are proposed: Amoenema robusta (Lei & Peng, 2012) comb. nov. (transferred from Euophrys C. L. Koch, 1834), Lokina eximia (Zhang & Maddison, 2012) comb. nov. (transferred from Laufeia Simon, 1889) and L. tengchongensis (Lei & Peng, 2012) comb. nov. (transferred from Chalcovietnamicus Marusik, 1991).
The effect of the digital economy on carbon emissions: an empirical study in China

Wang C, Qi F, Liu P, Ibrahim H, Wang X

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Jun;30(30):75454-75468.
PMID: 37219774 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27742-3

Under the new development model, the digital economy has become a new engine to promote the green development of the economy and achieve the goal of "double carbon." Based on panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and cities from 2011 to 2021, the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions was empirically studied by constructing a panel model and a mediation model. The results show that firstly, the effect of the digital economy on carbon emissions is a non-linear inverted "U" shaped relationship, and this conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests; secondly, the results of the benchmark regression show that economic agglomeration is an essential mechanism through which the digital economy affects carbon emissions and that the digital economy can indirectly suppress carbon emissions through economic agglomeration. Finally, the results of the heterogeneity analysis show that the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions varies according to the level of regional development, and its effect on carbon emissions is mainly in the eastern region, while its impact on the central and western regions is weaker, indicating that the impact effect is primarily in developed regions. Therefore, the government should accelerate the construction of new digital infrastructure and implement the development strategy of the digital economy according to local conditions to promote a more significant carbon emission reduction effect of the digital economy.
Fulltext The relationship between school climate and general teachers' attitude toward inclusion in China: the mediation effect of teachers' efficacy

Fu W, He X, Sun Y, Wang C, Wang J, Dong Y

Int J Dev Disabil, 2023;69(4):602-610.
PMID: 37346253 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1985919

The prosperity of inclusion of students with disabilities largely rest on the attitudes of mainstream teachers. Few studies explore the relationship among school climate, teachers' attitude on inclusion and teachers' efficacy in China. This study surveyed 266 general teachers in China to understand the role of teachers' efficacy on inclusive education between school climate and teachers' attitude. The results indicated that teachers hold positive attitudes towards inclusion on average, especially in the dimension of affection. Additionally, school climate, teachers' efficacy and teachers' attitude were significantly associated, and the mediating effect of teachers' efficacy between school climate and teachers' attitude were proved by mediation analyses. The findings suggested that creating more inclusive school climate and improving general teachers' knowledge and skills on inclusive education, especially the skills on collaboration with others, which could contribute to promote more positive attitude on inclusive education of general teachers.

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