Displaying publications 21 - 32 of 32 in total

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  1. Vikneswary Uvaraja, Lee, Lai Soon
    MyJurnal
    Urban Transit Network Design Problem (UTNDP) focuses on deriving useful set of
    routes, manageable timetabling for each transit route and transit scheduling based on
    available resources. UTNDP is commonly subdivided into Urban Transit Routing
    Problem (UTRP) and Urban Transit Scheduling Problem (UTSP), respectively. There are
    various approaches applied to solve the UTSP. The aim of this paper is to give a
    comprehensive list of studies on UTSP that deals with metaheuristic approaches such
    as Tabu Search, Simulated Annealing, Genetic Algorithm and their hybrid methods. This
    review also addressed possible gaps of the approaches and the limitations of the
    overall problem. It can be concluded that only some of the metaheuristic approaches
    and sub-problems are highly studied in UTSP. This review will be useful for researchers
    who are interested in expanding their knowledge and conduct research in UTSP using
    metaheuristic approaches.
  2. Hani Hafeeza Halim, Mohd Sabri Pak Dek, Azizah Abdul Hamid, Ahmad Haniff Jaafar
    MyJurnal
    Among athletes, endurance is one of the key elements to victory. In addition to
    training, athletes normally used supplement to prevent fatigue during the event. With
    prolonged and intense activity, our body started to experience decrease in muscle
    performance due to several factors such as oxidative stress, dehydration and
    accumulation of lactic acid in the body fluids. The free radicals generated during
    intense exercise will expose the cells to oxidative damages. In the event of
    dehydration, there will be significant losses of water and functional electrolytes during
    intense exercise which affected the body fluid balance. Fatigue will also occur during
    reduced oxygen in aerobic metabolism which later caused accumulation of lactic acid
    in the muscle. This will change the pH balance toward more acidic and caused the
    muscles to lose contractile efficiency. In addition, fatigue can also be studied using rats
    as model organism. Results from this activity can be useful to analyse cellular
    metabolism and physiology effects of the tested rats toward physical exercise.
    Therefore, this review aims to discuss the causes of fatigue through oxidative stress,
    dehydration and lactic acid accumulation. In addition, the effectiveness of using rats as
    a model system in measuring fatigue is also included in illustrating examples on fatigue
    assessment in vivo.
  3. Ezekiel Babatunde Ogunbode, Mohamad Yatim Jamaludin, Mohd. Yunus Ishak, Deri Mamman Abeku, Meisam Razavi
    MyJurnal
    Fibrous concrete composite (FCC) have been applied in numerous civil engineering
    structures, such as pavements, dams, runway, hydraulic structures, aircraft parking,
    and runway. The desire for their usage as being due to their unique properties
    compared with other materials. The stability of fibres in cement concrete appears to
    be good enough, but further long term tests are necessary to evaluate their durability
    and performance under mechanical sustained load. This is owing to the dearth in
    knowledge on the fibrous concrete particularly bio fibrous concrete composites (BFCC)
    behaviour and response to compressive, flexural and uniaxial tensile sustained loads.
    Therefore, an in-depth study into the creep performance of BFCC is necessitated to
    understand the long term behaviour of this biodegradable and environmental friendly
    construction product. This will avail the structural engineers and builders’ adequate
    understanding and data for design construction purpose of this green concrete
    product.
  4. Mohd Yunos, Y.
    MyJurnal
    A summary of research on image visualization in fluid flow is presented. The review
    addresses the topics of method in image processing, the application of particle image velocimetry and
    different sensor source of tomography. One of the greatest challenges in image visualization research
    is the improvement of flow measurement for multiphase flow. As there a lot of prediction in studying
    multiphase flow, the selection of image visualization method has to be chosen carefully. The important
    part is the method to process the image which consists of parameters to be studied. The improvement
    in image visualization method is important to further applied to other area of process.
  5. Muhammad Adil Khattak, Filzah Hazirah Jaffar, Najaa Fadhilah Mohd Nasir, Nurfarhah Ridzuan, Nurlaila Syamsul Bahri, Wan Nur Iffah Haziqah Md Zamri
    MyJurnal
    The primary objective of control rod management is to ensure the safe, reliable and
    optimum use of the nuclear fuel in the reactor, while remain within the limits imposed
    by the design of the fuel assembly and reactor w.r.t the safety analysis. In numerous
    reactors, the control rods perform the function of reactivity control, both globally and
    locally, latter also control the power distribution of the core. Most control rods are
    completely withdrawn from the core during operations and fully inserted during
    shutdown of the reactor. This are the prove of an investigative study into optimization
    of the heterogeneous control rods, the safety management of an additional safety rod,
    and control rod drop hydrodynamic analysis which will be able to provide an efficient
    and maximum safety procedure for emergency shut down system in the reactor. It is
    also will be very important safety features of the reactor. To design the additional
    safety rod at the inner irradiation sites with boron carbide (absorber material) and
    stainless steel (clad) and also to design a simple heterogeneous control rod design to
    analyse the effects of geometry self-shielding, the Monte Carlo Neutron Particle Code,
    version 5 (MCNP5) was used. By simulating the unsteady flow field around the control
    rod, the hydrodynamic analysis of the control rod can be analysed. A correlation based
    on the achieved data was proposed to provide useful information on the safety
    management during the research.
  6. Abubakar Muhammad Ali, Mohd Ariffin Abu - Hassan, Bala Isah Abdulkarim
    MyJurnal
    Incineration of both industrial and municipal solid waste has been widely used due to
    its ability to reduce the volume of waste by about 90% and detoxify the waste.
    However, a great challenge associated with waste incineration is production of toxic
    fly and bottom ashes. These ashes contain heavy metals which enters water bodies
    through percolation and absorption, and their consequences on human and animals is
    enormous. Various researches were conducted on the application of thermal plasma
    arc technology to safely detoxify incinerator ashes. The final product from plasma
    treatment is a melt or vitreous slag within which toxic heavy metals are cemented. This
    paper reviewed the different studies conducted on the treatment of incinerator fly and
    bottom ashes in thermal plasma arc reactor. The review looked at the characteristics
    of the ashes, the thermal plasma reactor specifications, the operating conditions and
    the product characteristics. It also focused on effectiveness of the treatment processes
    in terms of volume reduction, detoxification, crystalline structure of the product and
    their usability. It is generally observed that thermal plasma arc reactors detoxify both
    fly and bottom incinerator ashes, reduce the volume of waste by about 90% and
    convert the ash to a vitreous slag where heavy metals are immobilized. Low basicity in
    parent ash favours conversion of ash into glassy vitreous slag
  7. Zakaria Umar, Faieza Abdul Azizz, Rosliza Hasan, Muhammad Babayo Abdullahi
    MyJurnal
    This review paper describes in general the use of VR as a training tool in manufacturing
    technology like design, rapid prototyping, and manufacturing with some practical
    examples where VR is used and its benefits in manufacturing industries which reduces
    a lot of cost in the design stages to the finish stages. VR is the closest man can get to
    reality as the names implies with the present capabilities. The technique enables
    engineers and designers to move around and interact with the object in real time. This
    review paper looks into some challenges of VR applications in manufacturing
    industries.
  8. Mohd Khairuddin Hashim
    MyJurnal
    Business strategy plays a key role in determining the success of organizations. In view
    of its important role, studies have attempted to investigate the approaches adopted
    by organizations to develop as well as implement their business strategy. As far as the
    approaches to business strategy are concerned, the review of past studies indicates
    that organizations tend to adopt different approaches. At the same time, questions
    have been raised as to whether these strategic approaches are relevant and applicable
    to all organizations, especially with regard to their emphasis, focus and scope. Based
    on the literature, this paper reviews the most common approaches to business
    strategy and identifies the differences in their emphasis, focus and scope.
  9. Muhammad Adil Khattak, Muhammad Zulhelmi Mahadi, Nurlaila Syamsul Bahri, Hor, Yen Tiu, Khairulnadzmi Jamaluddin, Muhammad Faiz Farhan Noorizhab, et al.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this review paper is to summarize the current state of understanding
    on a topic ‘Nuclear spent fuel storage and facilities’. This review paper surveys and
    summarizes previously published studies, rather than reporting new facts or analysis.
    It is importance to case study this issue since the number of spent fuel are increasing
    in which a typical nuclear power plant in a year generates almost 20 metric tons of
    used nuclear fuel. In which the nuclear industry generates a total of about 2,000 - 2,300
    metric tons of used fuel per year and for the last 40 years produced 76,430 metric tons
    of nuclear spent fuel. Future understanding and attention need to be accomplished
    since spent fuel can cause harm due to its high radioactive level and also the ability to
    reprocess the fuel to be used as MOX fuel.
  10. Rosliza Hasan, Faieza Abdul Aziz, Hesham Ahmed Abdul Mutaleb, Zakaria Umar
    MyJurnal
    This review presents generally about Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in industrial
    training. Virtual reality training is increasingly used for maintenance and operation,
    assembly procedure, welding and operative construction training that allow the
    workers to work on existing and new tasks in safe, and perceive on how an item takes
    shape as it travels through the manufacturing system, which result more effective
    training. For companies to spend the large amount of economic resources in training
    people, thus VR systems for training may reduce in dealing with issues such as the high
    economic costs of training for travel and living expenses for those who need to move
    from work to training centers. An adaptive technology has been used for pilot training
    and vehicle driver training that may improves accuracy of the procedure. VR training
    could create a more effective and efficient learning even without the presence of a
    trainer.
  11. Mohammed Sulaiman, Daniel Andrawus Zhigila, Kabiru Mohammed, Danladi Mohammed Umar, Babale Aliyu, Fazilah Abd Manan
    MyJurnal
    Historically, there is evidence to suggest that communities in the developing countries
    are still using plant-based materials as one of the strategies for purifying drinking
    water. In this review, the coagulant properties of Moringa oleifera seeds extract were
    quantitatively evaluated toward suitable wastewater treatment and examining its
    coagulation mechanism. The seeds are rich in bio-active components and also used as
    a natural coagulant for effective water treatment. The seeds extract operates
    predominantly by bridging coagulation mechanism and operates through charge
    neutralization. This natural ingredient of an organic polymer is essential as it contains
    acrylamide monomers that are harmless to human’s health and lesser expensive as
    compared to conventional chemicals since they are available in most rural
    communities. The application of this readily available natural product as part of pointof-use
    in water treatment technology may offer a practical, cheap, appropriate and
    sustainable solution for producing potable water in some developing nations.
  12. Mohd Najib Yacob, Mimi Haryani Hassim
    MyJurnal
    Issue related to safety, health and environmental has become major priority to be
    concerned of in the transportation of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) worldwide. Due
    to the high risk that entailed in the operation of HAZMAT transportation, many
    accidents in this industry have been reported which include chemicals spillage, fire
    and explosion. In order to quantify the degree of hazards and risks of these accidents,
    various assessment methods have been introduced either by the academia, the
    industry as well as the authority. The methods present various approaches for the
    assessment, ranging from a simple to highly complicated ones depending on the
    purpose of the assessment and the available resources and constraints. To date there
    is yet any study conducted to review those available methods. This paper intends to
    present a comprehensive review of the existing methods for hazards and risks
    assessment of HAZMAT transportation between years 1995-2015 which considers
    road, marine, railway, air and pipeline system. Based on careful screening of the
    abundance of methods available, 151 of them were selected – that is those
    specifically meant for hazards and risks assessment of HAZMAT transportation only.
    The methods are reviewed in terms of the types of assessment; either qualitative,
    quantitative or hybrid techniques, as well as their specific application in different
    mode of transportation. Also, statistical analysis was performed to determine the
    trend of past publications regarding on the type of journal, year of publication and
    also financial support received in the context of hazard and risk assessment of
    HAZMAT transportation.
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