Dengue is endemic in Kolkata, India. Outbreaks of dengue cases often occur regularly at short intervals. This
retrospective seroepidemiological surveillance was conducted longitudinally. Dengue cases were diagnosed
in the laboratories from suspected patients by dengue specific IgG, IgM antibodies and NS1 antigen, from
suspected persons to investigate, analyze and categorize the cases who were actually suffering from dengue to
diagnose a dengue patient in the laboratory practice along with the status of the patient related to the detection
of disease and duration of primary and secondary infection for effective monitoring of the patient. Age and
Sex of the dengue patients were determined. Detection of dengue in unsuspected fever cases in unfavorable
transmission season was evaluated. The transmission of dengue infection in the non-transmission season is
not remarkable and often remains submerged. Proper measure at this stage may prevent the epidemic
outbreak in the transmission season. This sort of experience will help to enrich the effective control and case
management of the menace.
Background: Technological diversity management in the manufacturing of advanced medical devices is
essential. The manufacturing industries of medical devices should act in accordance with the technical
guidelines and regulations in order to ensure best practices with the use of devices in hospitals
Aim: To explore safety hazards, cost implications, and social and ethical standards to be considered during
the manufacturing of advanced medical devices
Subject and Methods: Aqualitative descriptive study was used. There was no targeted sample in the current
study whereby secondary data were used to explore the research topic. Secondary sources were obtained
from databases including EBSCOHOST, PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Peerreviewed
articles, journals, books, conference proceedings, and other web publications were used to gather
relevant data.
Results: The current study indicated that the technological diversity management of advanced medical
devices is associated with safety hazards like security threats, integrity problems, and medical errors. The
study also showed that high cost of standardizations, supply, and purchase of advanced medical devices is a
huge burden faced by the manufacturers andusers. The study showed that the regulation of the medical
devices, certification, and post-market surveillanceare essential social and ethical considerations during the
manufacturing process of the new medical devices.
Conclusion: The current study explored the technological diversity of advanced medical devices. It is
evident in the current study that technology diversity of medical devices is associated with safety hazards
and cost implications. The study disclosed that taking into account social and ethical issues aid in
manufacturing safe and high quality medical devices.
Background: The identification, situation, background, assessment and recommendation (ISBAR) is a handoff tool that plays an important role in transferring responsibility and accountability in patient care from outgoing shifts to incoming shifts. Many researchers believe that handoff is very important among nurses. Nurses had the responsibility to ensure patients' correct information which were shared among themselves during handoff. It also delivers the best patient care by improving the transfer of clinical information globally and systematically. Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine nurse's perception and compliance on ISBAR tool for handoff communication in tertiary hospital, Dammam. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in oncology unit at tertiary hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Total sample size was 70. Questionnaire was the instrument tool in the study to measure nurse's perception and compliance on ISBAR tools. Result: The overall perception mean score achieved was 38.64±1.455 and compliance score was 7.73±0.588. This showed nurses had good perception and compliance on ISBAR tools and none of them had poor perception and compliance regarding the same. There was statistically significant relationship (P=0.000) between perception and compliance on ISBAR tools. Conclusion: ISBAR is reliable and effective handoff communication tools to promote patient safety. However, continuous education should be maintained to ensure all nurses competent in ISBAR tool. Further studies will be necessary to evaluate relationship between nurses' perception and compliance on ISBAR tool.
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus. The epidemiology of this emergent hitherto neglected disease has become a poignant interest in the context of the recent outbreaks in South America. The severe impact of which led World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a Public Health Emergency (PHE) of International concern. Interestingly, two recognized and potential vectors of this virus, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, have been prevalent in most of the habitable continents in the world including the Indian sub-continent. In accordance to the earlier apprehension, several cases of ZIKV were reported in 2017 and 2018 from the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in Western India. Studies indicated that the emerging arboviral infections generally stemmed from an animal reservoir, but there is inadequate information on the natural history of several arboviruses, like ZIKV, specially their methods of survival during the inter-epidemic period. Hence, a sustained vector-virus and vertebrate-host surveillance is an imperative necessity in Zika endemic and non-endemic regions to formulate strategies for the prevention offuture outbreak, if any. This review is an attempt to provide an understanding of the interplay of Zika virus and its vector/s and vertebrate host/s in reference to today's changing environment.
Providing training on areas of known social cultural limitation such as sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is challenging and many end up with improper training. Present study aims to explore facilitators' skills and exploring feedback on the SRH program implementation. A training program was conducted based on existing module developed by Ministry of Health Malaysia. The focus of the training is on imparting essential sexual reproductive health knowledge for the teachers and instilling confidence in educating it on children and adolescents particularly those with disabilities. Methods The respondents were enrolled from a training centre for teachers trained for special needs children. The fascilitators of the program were the public health doctors in training. A case studies design was used to explore the themes. Nine focus group discussions comprising 15 participants each were conducted on teachers who had participated in the training. A semi-guided questionnaire was used to guide the discussion. Discussions were audio and video recorded with permission then transcribed verbatim. Transcriptions were analysed using thematic analysis to capture similarities and differences in views expressed by the participants. Results Eight themes were derived. Three related to the facilitators which were personality and characteristics, knowledge and skills. Five were related to the programme implementation – time, input, output, outcome and venue. Conclusion Generally, the programme received positive remarks. Programme input needs further improvement. Based on the participants' feedback, the programme managed to achieve its objectives. Facilitators were able to facilitate the training satisfactorily.