Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 1139 in total

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  1. Phua, P. S. P, Ng, T. K. W., Teh, L. K., Voon, P. T.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Inflammation is one of the major cause of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer and stroke. Many dietary compounds containing kernel oil or coconut oil with anti-inflammatory effect can delay the onset of these chronic diseases however the underlying mechanism is unclear. Methods: This study compares the effects of 5% virgin palm kernel oil (VPKO), virgin coconut oil (VCO) and refined, bleached, deodorized olive oil (RBDOO) on selected immune markers in healthy sprague dawley (SD) rats (n=16 per treatment) across 8 weeks. Sera were obtained for four major immunological analyses including cluster of differentiation 4 (CD 4), cluster of differentiation 8 (CD 8), interleukin 6 (IL 6), and c reactive protein (CRP). Results were expressed in mean ± standard error of the mean (mean±SE). Results: Eight weeks fat feeding had no significant difference in weight gain across treatments. Interestingly, we observe significant different on the concentration of CD 4 (p=0.001) with the lowest CD 4 level in rats fed with VPKO 3.87±0.65 ng/ml. The concentration of CD 8 in rats fed with VPKO 8.19±0.25 (p=0.001) ng/ml was comparable to VCO fed rats but was found lower than the control group, RBDOO fed rats. Lower T cell count (CD 4 or CD 8) indicates suppression in inflammation. IL-6 and CRP concentration in rat fed with VPKO 10.89±0.22 pg/ml and 118.39±7.13 ng/ml were slightly higher than that of VCO fed rats but were lower than RBDOO fed rats. Conclusion: We postulate that VPKO could be a potential supplement as an alternative to VCO for relieving inflammation and enhancing body immune system.
  2. Norhafizah Mohtarrudin, Mhd Shidee Mhd Nasir, Rosila Abu Bakar, Malina Osman, Koey, Peng Mun, Suryati Mohd Yusoff
    MyJurnal
    Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal malignancies. In advanced stage, it is highly resistant to systemic therapies. RCC is a highly vascular tumour and angiogenesis pathway has been postulated in its carcinogenesis. Novel drug targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and advanced surgical interventions have shown to increase the overall patients’ survival. In this study, we evaluated the VEGF expression of RCC using immunohistochemistry technique and its potential correlation with the tumour grades. Methods: 40 RCC cases that underwent nephrectomy were selected. The archived samples of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) were retrieved. The tumour tissue blocks were carefully chosen, sectioned and stained with VEGF using immunohistochemistry technique. The intensity of VEGF expression was scored as 0 (negative), 1+ (weak), 2+ (moderate) or 3+ (strong). Results: Majority of the RCC cases were male, with male to female ratio of 2.1:1. Mean patient age was 56.2 years (age ranged between 16 to 74 years). Most of the cases were Malays (42.5 %). VEGF was expressed in 36 (90%) of RCC cases. Among the 36 cases that were immunopositive, 8 (16.7%) were grade 1, 20 (55.6%) grade 2 and 8 (16.7%) grade 3. There was no significant association between VEGF expressions score and grades of RCC (p=0.39). Conclusion: VEGF was expressed in majority of RCC cases although there was no significant association with tumour grades.
  3. Soon Teck Seo, Seow Hui Teo, Mohamed Zubair Mohamed Al-Fayyadh, Mohamed Razif Mohamed Ali, Wuey Min Ng
    MyJurnal
    The consequence of post-operative infection can be devastating despite its rare incidence. Common organisms caus- ing post-operative infection are normal flora of the skin: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Early diagnosis followed by arthroscopic debridement and antibiotic therapy with graft retention remains the main aim of treatment. However, there are certain cases where the infection persists despite early intervention. Vancomy- cin-loaded bone cement bullet inserted into bone tunnel can provide a high local concentration of vancomycin with bactericidal effect and low systemic complications to treat deep-seated infection.
  4. Ru En How, Su Peng Loh, Geok Lin Khor
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) specifically developed for the assessment of riboflavin intake among Malaysian women in Selangor. Methods: The study was carried out in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), which consisted of 204 healthy women (102 Chinese and 102 Malay) aged between 19 and 45 years. The FFQs were interviewer-administered, which were completed twice; at the beginning of the study (FFQ-1) and two weeks thereafter (FFQ-2). A two-day 24-hour dietary recall (24DR) was interviewer-administered as the standard criteria method. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks test, Spearman correlation coefficient (SCC), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots to determine the validity and reproducibility. Results: Median riboflavin intake derived from 24DRs was significantly higher than FFQ-2 (p
  5. Tan Pei Pei, Hafizuddin Mohamed Fauzi, Ernest Mangantig, Rosnah Bahar, Nur Arzuar Abdul Rahim
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Unsafe blood products cause transfusion-transmissible infections. A good knowledge and perception about blood safety issues is crucial to ensure safe blood supply. The objective is to develop and validate a question- naire about the knowledge and perception among blood donors on blood safety issues. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 blood donors who attended the National Blood Centre, Kuala Lumpur in April and May 2018. The questionnaire was developed in the Malay language after extensive literature search. The self-admin- istrated questionnaire consisted 39 items which required around 20 minutes to complete. The validation involved content validity, construct validity using exploratory factor analysis and reliability using test-retest analysis in IBM SPSS statistics. The same group of respondents was retested after two weeks using the same questionnaire. Results: Content validity was established through multidisciplinary expert meeting and two content reviewers. The factors loadings of all questionnaires were more than 0.40. Knowledge questions were divided into three domains; percep- tion questions were divided into four domains. The intraclass correlation (ICC) values of the test-retest were more than 0.80 for the three knowledge domains and more than 0.60 for the four perception domains. The third domain of the perception section which consisted two questions had the lowest ICC value of 0.686 (95% CI 0.583-0.767). One of the questions was restructured to improve clarity. Conclusions: The questionnaire on knowledge and perception on blood safety issues has good validity and reliability, with appropriate items which warranted its utilization among blood donors.
  6. Kai Sze Chan, Yit Siew Chin
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Recognising the limitations of present dietary assessments method, recent attention had been drawn to image-based food record (IBFR) to assess dietary intake of the population. Thus, the present study aimed to compare nutrient intake assessed using IBFR with 24-hour diet recall (24DR) among nutrition and dietetics student. Method: There were 46 nutrition and dietetic undergraduates participated in the study, and information on the socio-demo- graphic background and acceptability toward IBFR were obtained. Respondents were trained to complete one-day IBFR, and they were interviewed by researchers on the following day for their 24DR. Result: The mean age of respon- dents was 21.4±1.7 years old. The present study revealed that there were significantly higher protein and beta-caro- tene, but lower vitamin C reported by IBFR compared to 24DR. Medium to strong correlations were found between IBFR and 24DR for energy and nutrients intakes. The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a good level of agreement between IBFR and 24DR for energy and macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein and fat), respectively. The mean differences between IBFR and 24DR were -36 kcal for total daily energy intake, while mean differences of -12.24g, 0.79g, and 1.52g were reported for carbohydrates protein, and fat, respectively. Moderate level of agreement toward acceptability was demonstrated, and most of them (67.4%) preferred IBFR method. Conclusion: The present study re- vealed that IBFR showed a good level of agreement with 24DR in assessing nutrient intake. However, more extensive works should be considered to improve IBFR in assessing the energy and nutrients intake for the general population.
  7. James Yau Hon Voo, Baharudin Ibrahim, Mohamed Azmi Hassali, Foong Ming Moy
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: There has been a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases in Malaysia over the recent years. In overcoming this issue, parents as the main caregiver of their children play a major role, which is to protect their children against diseases via vaccinations. This study aimed to examine the parents’ vaccine knowledge, aware-ness, and hesitancy in relation to their children’s immunisation status and to determine the association between the parents’ vaccine knowledge, awareness, and hesitancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 405 parents was conducted in the Sandakan health clinics from February 2018 to April 2018 by employing validated questionnaires adapted from two studies. Results: The median ± IQR of the total vaccine knowledge and awareness scores (ranging from 0-10) were 7.00±3.00 and 8.00±4.00, respectively. Meanwhile, the median ± IQR of the total vaccine hesitancy scores (ranging from 0-100) was 16.67±20.00, with only 27 (6.8%) parents being vaccine-hesitant (scores >50). Most of the children (n=376, 92.8%) were immunised in the study. It observed a significant association between the children’s immunisation status and the parents’ vaccine knowledge scores (p = 0.005). Nevertheless, the children’s immunisation status was not significantly associated with the parents’ vaccine awareness and hesitancy scores. The positive Spearman correlation value (r = 0.551) signified that the parents’ vaccine knowledge was posi-tively associated with their vaccine awareness. On the other hand, both the vaccine knowledge and awareness were negatively correlated to the vaccine hesitancy as indicated by the negative Spearman correlation value (r = -0.397 and r = -0.351 respectively). Conclusion: The study established that the parents with a better understanding about vaccinations were more likely to keep their children’s immunisation up-to-date. It was also revealed that improving the parents’ knowledge and raising their awareness about the importance of vaccination are vital in reducing their vaccine hesitancy.
  8. Nur Juliana Idris, Faridah Idris, Zainina Seman, Nik Hafidzah Nik Mustapha
    MyJurnal
    Screening for alpha (α) thalassaemia trait (TT) is challenging especially in the presence of iron deficiency (ID). Red blood cell size factor (RSf) is a parameter introduced by Beckman Coulter capable of detecting acute and chronic changes to cellular haemoglobin status and iron supply. The research aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of RSf as screening parameter for α TT and the effect of concomitant ID to RSf mean values (m.v) among respondents with α TT. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective laboratory analysis involved 55 respondents’ data selected from January 2014 to December 2015 in Pathology Department, Hospital Tuanku Ja’afar Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. The significant difference at p
  9. Haryati Anuar, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Halim Gafor, Mohd Ihsani Mahmood, Hasanain Faisal Ghazi
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The Health Belief Model has gained widespread popularity and acceptance in the community,
    yet little is known about its effectiveness as a basis for health behavior intervention. The purpose of this
    study is to systematically review the evidence on the use of the model in health behavior for
    Chronic Kidney Disease and the effectiveness of Health Belief Model as a model intervention for
    facilitating health-related behavioral changes. Methods: The databases were manually searched
    for references and gray literature. Overall, the methodological quality of trials was variable, and there
    was limited evidence for the effectiveness of Health Belief Model in improving health
    behavior. Results: There are few new trials published that describe the application of
    Health Belief Model. Limited evidence supports any benefits of Health Belief Model for improving
    health behavior. Conclusion: Studies on the usage of Health Belief Model need to be explored in depth
    to assess the importance of Health Belief Model.
  10. Nordin N. N., Lau, C. L., Wan Mat W. R., Yow, H. Y.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has increased worldwide including Malaysia, which may be attributed partly to inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial prescribing form has been introduced to mandate appropriate antimicrobial prescription including documented indication as a key standard of antimicrobial stewardship practice. Hence, this current study aimed to determine the usage and completeness of the designated antimicrobial prescribing form that had been implemented in the General Intensive Care Unit (GICU), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in GICU UKMMC from 30 August 2018 to 30 November 2018 by convenience sampling. The information that was recorded in the antimicrobial prescribing form was collected by using the designated data collection form. A total of 68 patients were included and 205 antimicrobial prescribing forms were evaluated. Results: There were 100% usage of antimicrobial prescribing forms found in this study. However, only 81 ± 8 % of these forms were completely filled. Indication for the antimicrobial prescription was not filled in 47% of the forms. Almost two thirds of the antimicrobial prescriptions were empirically indicated and one percent de-escalation of antimicrobial therapy was filled in the forms. These prescriptions comprised of 91.7% antibiotics, 7.8% antifungals and 0.5% antivirals. The suspected site of infections were primarily from the lungs (27%), gastrointestinal (16%), blood (16%) and central nervous system (14%). Piperacillin/Tazobactam was the most frequent antibiotic prescribed (21%), followed by third and fourth generation cephalosporins (20%). Conclusion: This study provided an overview of the uptake of the antimicrobial prescribing form implementation and highlighted the requirement for supplementary efforts to maximize the compliance of this form.
  11. Kirandeep Kulwant Kaur, Salmiah Md Said, Poh Ying Lim, Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global concern as it continues to kill million people annually despite the availability of effective treatment. One of the social factors affecting the spread of tuberculosis is urbanization. Tuberculosis remains as the leading cause of death from communicable diseases in Malaysia for more than a decade. Geographic information system (GIS) has been used to understand the epidemiology of infectious diseases, to identify hot spots/ clusters of areas/ populations at high risk. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between urbanization and TB in the Peninsular of Malaysia during 2011-2015 and develop TB incidence risk map using GIS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using TB cases data on tuberculosis incidence, tuberculosis deaths, urban population, population and population density from the Ministry of Health, Malaysia for the period 2011 to 2015. This data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 and Arc GIS. Results: The number of TB cases and urbanization varied in the Peninsular. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between the number of TB cases and urban population (r=.884, p
  12. Normaz Wana Ismail, Sudha Sivadas
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Urbanisation is a key determinant of population health. Malaysia’s exemplary economic growth in the early 1990s and the consequent development and urbanisation led to significant changes in health, lifestyle and quality of life. Rising expectations, changing demographics and nutrition and disease transitions were challenges synonymous to an increasingly urban Malaysia. As the Government targets optimal population health, this paper aims to explore one of the many challenges of urbanisation, namely the prevalence of non-communicable diseases or NCDs. For the purpose of this paper, NCD is proxied by Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This study is based the 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, which is a cross-sectional population-based survey, involving 30,000 re- spondents. Given the binomial nature of the survey variables, the multinomial Probit model was employed using the STATA statistical software. Results: Generally, age, gender and race are significant in determining health outcomes. Socioeconomically, all three variables of income, education and employment are significant. For lifestyle factors, findings show that only the weight and physically active status have a role in determining health outcomes. Finally, the urban variable is also positive and significant. Conclusion: Findings show that the prevalence of Diabetes Melli- tus, is rising along with urbanisation and that there is a health penalty for the urban population and also for those who do not embrace healthy lifestyles. Additionally, other factors are equally important as urban health determinants, encompassing both the demographic and socioeconomic factors.
  13. Fatimah Sham, Afiqah Ismail, Tuan Nor Ashikin Tuan Him, Salmi Razali, Eliyas S. Mohandas
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is common and has become a key public health concern for all. This study aims to discover the meaning of lived experiences and to strategize in addressing the phenomenon from the previous or current unwed pregnant girls’ or young women’s perspective. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among 10 girls or young women recruited during their stay at two shelters in Selangor but came from various state in Malay- sia; who have experienced becoming unwed mothers when they were between 10 to 19 years old. All participants gave informed consent. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted, audiotaped and transcribed. All quotes were encoded using Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner program. Data were analyzed using interpretative phe- nomenological analysis. Results: The themes emerged from the analyses; i) Trajectory of sexual activity, ii) struggles of motherhood to un-wed teenage mother. Most of these girls were pregnant due to consensual sexual intercourse although there were some refutes but their actions have led them for this to happen. They described how indirect relationship such as communication via telephone and the internet may have initiated the desire for sexual activity which led to a short first-time meeting and short term partnership, caused them to enact the sinful deed. They were overwhelmed with ambivalence feelings of wanting to terminate the pregnancy, abandon the newborn or to endure the journey of motherhood together with their ex-nuptial baby. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the strength of indirect relationship is able to evoke sexual desire that contributes to out-of-wedlock pregnancy. Max- imum support is needed from all; peers, parents, educators and the whole community structures.
  14. Esteban Chin, Lim Han Hua
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Strongyloidiasis is endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions. Clinical manifestations of the dis-ease can range from asymptomatic eosinophilia in an immunocompetent host to a wide range of presentations in immunocompromised patients. Failure to consider the diagnosis of strongyloides infection, especially Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, is a major contributor of high mortality rate in such cases. Case Description: We report a case of 60 years old gentleman who was admitted to Sarawak General Hospital for a left subtrochanteric femur pathological fracture and the diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made in the same setting. He was started on treat-ment for multiple myeloma which includes high dose steroids. During his course of admission, he was diagnosed with hospital-acquired pneumonia was subsequently initiated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Despite being exten-sively treated with multiple courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics, he deteriorated clinically, with eventual respirato-ry failure requiring ventilator support and ICU admission. A diagnosis of strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome was made after an incidental discovery of larvae in his sputum, which was later confirmed with stool sample. He was given a one-week course of albendazole 400mg twice daily and clinical improvement was observed. A repeated stool sample also demonstrated clearance of the parasites. Conclusion: This case highlights the need for clinical sus-picion of strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in cases of unresolved pneumonia, especially for patients with risk factors of underlying immune-deficiency state. Preventive steps such early detection and eradication of strongyloides infection should be undertaken prior to initiation of immuno-suppressive therapy.
  15. Mohd Zarawi Mat Nor, Najib Majdi Yaacob
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The USM Pre-clinical medical students’ guidance and counselling needs questionnaire (USM-MS- GCN-Q) is an English-language guidance and counselling needs questionnaire which was developed specifically for pre-clinical medical students. The aim of this study is to highlight the construct validity of USM-MSGCN-Q among pre-clinical medical students. Methods: In June 2017, a cross-sectional study on 208 pre-clinical medical students was conducted in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). This self-administered USM-MSGNC-Q consisted of four constructs and 20 items with a 5-point Likert scale within each item. A confirmatory factor analysis was em- ployed to test the hypothesized measurement model. Results: The final measurement model fitted the data well. The four-factor model initially consisted of 20 items however, it was reduced to 18 items with the goodness of fit indices suggesting good model fit (RMSEA 0.89, GFI .915 and ChiSq/df 2.642). Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.879 for self-leadership skills, 0.929 for communication skills, 0.871 for learning skills, and 0.870 for psychological coping skills. The overall Cronbach’s value was 0.922. Respective composite reliability values were 0.879,0.952,0.879 and 0.835 while the Average Variance Extracted values were 0.729, 0.911, 0.595 and 0.630. Conclusion: This study has confirmed that self-leadership, communication, learning and psychological coping skills were the components of guidance and counselling needs which influences the effectiveness of guidance and coun- selling sessions with pre-clinical medical students.
  16. Segaran Ramodran, Billy Bryan Jafrin, Mellonna Ignatia Jeffrey Liew, Nurul MadihahMohd Raeh, Juecella Joyce Jalius
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: EC1773 is a community outreach program conducted annually by Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). It serves as a platform for nursing and medical students to collaborate hands-on health promotion for rural commu- nities. As of date, there has been no empirical study to gauge student`s post-program satisfaction. This study aims to evaluate satisfaction among students who have undergone the UMS-led community out-reach program and identify gaps for improvement. Methods: The study entailed a cross-sectional design involving 165 (N) nursing(n=65) and medical students (n=100) who had completed a 10-day rural outreach program. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of UMS as well-informed consent from respondents. A 25- item questionnaire requir- ing Likert-scale responsewas used to evaluatethe level of satisfaction across 5 sub-categories namely; pre-departure preparation & briefing;onsite facilities and logistics; teamwork; community participation and learning achievements. Results: Among 165 nursing -medical students in the study, 88% (n=146) were satisfied and 12% (n=19) were dis- satisfied with the UMS-led outreach program. Sub-category items rated as satisfactory were community participation 96% and learning achievements 91%. Poor satisfaction highlighted by respondents regarding the out-reach program were inadequacy of facilities and poor logistics 62% and quality of pre-departure preparation and briefing 66%. Nursing students reported significantly higher dissatisfaction (p=0.04) regarding teamwork and adequacy of onsite facilities and logistics. Conclusion: Findings from this study infers that student’s post-evaluation towards the UMS-led outreach is generally satisfactory but has specific shortfalls that need to be addressed.
  17. Segaran Ramodran, Yeap Boon Tat, Norkiah Saat, Constance Liew Sat Lin, Nur Atikah Md Taib, Symeon Mandrinos
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Recent Coronavirus outbreak has raised concern among student nurses who are doing their clinical posting tenure regarding the risk ofpatient acquired infection. This study examined perceived readiness to pro- vide coronavirus patient careduring clinical posting among student nurses in UMS. Method: This study deployed a cross-section survey design using a self-rated questionnaire to evaluate respondents’ level of readiness towards Coronavirus patient care. A total of 177 (N) respondents comprising of nursing students from UMS (year 1 n=55, year 2 n=56, year 3 n=66) participated in the study. The study questionnaire captured demographics and comprised of 15Likert -scale items that assessed the level of perceived readiness to provide Coronavirus patient care. The ques- tionnaire was adapted from a previous SARs pandemic studyand revalidated within the local context (α = 0.78). Data analysis used descriptive statistics by frequency counts and Fisher exact test for demographic correlates with the level of readiness. Results: Among 177 student nurses in this study68% (n= 121) were willing and ready to provide Coronavirus patient care and 32% (n = 56) were hesitant or not willing. Regarding confidence of safety using PPE to provide patient care, 34 % (n = 61) of respondents rated not confident and deemed it hazardous even with full PPE use. On the issue of if legally mandated to care for Coronavirus patients, 22% were hesitant to provide care and will considerleaving nursing training if compelled to do so. There was a significantly lower perceived level of readiness towards Coronavirus patient care among 1st-year student nurses and those who had not attended any Coronavirus educational session (p= 0.06). Conclusion: The findings indicate although the majority of student nurses are willing to provide care for Coronavirus infected patients during their clinical posting tenure, a small proportion of student’s nurses were hesitant.
  18. Sukhbeer Kaur Darsin Singh, Khatijah Lim Abdullah, Imran Zainal Abidin, Abqariyah Yahya, Anwar Suhaimi
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Illness perceptions involve personal beliefs that patients have about their illness and may influence health behaviour considerably. This preliminary study evaluates the understanding of illness perception among cardiac patients’ and correlations of each of the items. Methods: A preliminary study was conducted using the on Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) in a tertiary hospital among 40 cardiac patients. Ethical approval was obtained from the institution ethical committee. There are 9 items in the BIPQ with 0-10 response scale measuring causal factors and an open-ended item. Items 1 to 5 assesses on the cognitive illness perception which comprises of consequences, timeline, personal control, treatment control and identity. Item 6 and 8 are on emotional response and item 7 is on coherence. Results: The overall mean score of the 8 items of BIPQ was 7.04 (1.07) with the highest mean for item 4 on treatment control and item 6 on personal control at 8.02 (0.92) and 7.03 (1.77) respectively while the lowest mean was item 7 on understanding at 6.63 (1.83). The causal factor for the open-ended question was mostly on consumption of fatty food intake, sedentary lifestyle and stress at work. Perceiving personal control was significantly being affected by perceiving treatment control for the cardiac disease (r=0.50) and being concerned about their cardiac symptoms was significantly related to perceiving consequences of the disease (r =0.54), perceiv- ing identity (r=0.75) and perceiving emotional control (r=0.67). Perceiving emotional control on their symptoms was significantly related to perceived consequences on cardiac disease (r=0.51), perceived identity (r=0.53) and perceived concern on cardiac disease (r=0.67). Conclusion: The results shown significant correlations with relevant outcomes measures. It is useful in clinical practice to assess and potentially modify patient’s perceptions on under- standing, emotional control, personal control, consequences and perceived concerned over their cardiac disease.
  19. Patricia Sator, Mezi Marcella Madius, Magdlin Sargius, Bertsy Deborah Louis, Grace Shirley Randy
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacteria or germ which many people carry in their nose or on their skin and it is resistant to a range of antibiotics including methicillin. The primary mode of transmission of S. aureus is by direct contact usually, skin-to-skin contact, although contact with contaminated objects and surfaces or might also play a role. The risk of infection by antibiotic-resistant organisms is a common problem in a hospital setting. When it comes to caring for the patient with an infectious disease such as MRSA, most nursing students tried to avoid caring for the patient because they fear of getting infected. So, in this regards that it is important to find out the perception of nursing students towards MRSA patients. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study design and a structured questionnaire used to evaluate the perception among student nurses regarding care for a patient with MRSA. The population of this study consists only of the nursing student of year 2 and year 3, which is 118 students. A minimum of 60 respondents selected by convenient sampling from this population. Results: Findings showed the respondent’s perception towards MRSA patients that 83.55% (n=55) of the respondent has the feeling of avoiding getting close to MRSA patients. While 16.7% (n=11) did not have the feeling to avoid them. 47% (n=31%) respondents felt refused to do any procedure on MRSA patients. While 53% (n=35) did not feel refuse to do any procedure on MRSA patient. 92.4% (n=61) respondents wear full PPE before caring for patients with MRSA. The other 7.6% (n=5) did not wear full PPE before caring for patients with MRSA. 98.5% (n=65) respondents always follow 5 moments of hand hygiene. While the other 1.5% (n=1) did not always follow 5 moments of hand hygiene. Conclusion: To conclude, even though most of the respondents know about MRSA but some of them did not know that MRSA is curable or not, some confusion about the mode of transmission of MRSA and did not know that they should wear full PPE in caring for the patient with MRSA. Lack of knowledge about MRSA might influence them to ask their friends to do procedures for the patient instead of doing it by themselves. Without good knowledge and skills about how to handle infectious patients, it is difficult for the nursing students to approach the patient with an infectious disease such as MRSA.
  20. Asma’ Ali, Nurul Atiqah Khasbullah, Fauziah Tufail Ahmad, Hayati Mohd Yusof
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: There is an emergent increase of ultra-processed food consumption in developing countries including Malaysia which carries a likelihood towards the increase of obesity. However, few studies have been done in relating between ultra-processed consumption and obesity, especially in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its relationship with BMI and body fat percentage among university committee in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 167 individuals aged 18 to 59 years old in Kuala Nerus. Data were collected using a researcher-administered questionnaire which consisted of three different sections: socio-demographic profile, two days 24-hour dietary recall, and nutritional status assessment on BMI and body fat percentage. Consumption of ultra-processed foods were determined by classifying two days 24-hour dietary recall based on ultra-processed food classification. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 with p
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