Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 84 in total

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  1. Mohamad Shah NS, Sulong S, Wan Sulaiman WA, Halim AS
    Mol Genet Genomic Med, 2019 May;7(5):e635.
    PMID: 30924295 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.635
    BACKGROUND: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate is one of the most common human birth defects worldwide that affects the lip and/or palate. The incidence of clefts varies among populations through ethnic, race, or geographical differences. The focus on Malay nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is because of a scarce report on genetic study in relation to this deformity in Malaysia. We are interested to discuss about the genes that are susceptible to cause orofacial cleft formation in the family.

    METHODS: Genome-wide linkage analysis was carried out on eight large extended families of NSCL/P with the total of 91 individuals among Malay population using microarray platform. Based on linkage analyses findings, copy number variation (CNV) of LPHN2, SATB2, PVRL3, COL21A1, and TOX3 were identified in four large extended families that showed linkage evidence using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as for a validation purpose. Copy number calculated (CNC) for each genes were determined with Applied Biosystems CopyCallerTM Software v2.0. Normal CNC of the target sequence expected was set at two.

    RESULTS: Genome-wide linkage analysis had discovered several genes including TOX3 and COL21A1 in four different loci 4p15.2-p16.1, 6p11.2-p12.3, 14q13-q21, and 16q12.1. There was significant decreased, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/genetics*; Cleft Palate/pathology
  2. Chan Ying Fatt
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1969 May;9(1):47-50.
    PMID: 5258334
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  3. Khan R, H Ya H, Pao W, Majid MAA, Ahmed T, Ahmad A, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Oct 16;13(20).
    PMID: 33081078 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204601
    Erosion-corrosion of elbow configurations has recently been a momentous concern in hydrocarbon processing and transportation industries. The carbon steel 90° elbows are susceptible to the erosion-corrosion during the multiphase flow, peculiarly for erosive slug flows. This paper studies the erosion-corrosion performance of 90° elbows at slug flow conditions for impact with 2, 5, and 10 wt.% sand fines concentrations on AISI 1018 carbon steel exploiting quantitative and qualitative analyses. The worn surface analyses were effectuated by using laser confocal and scanning electron microscopy. The experiment was conducted under air and water slug flow containing sand fines of 50 µm average size circulated in the closed flow loop. The results manifest that with the increase of concentration level, the erosion-corrosion magnitude increases remarkably. Sand fines instigate the development of perforation sites in the form of circular, elongated, and coalescence pits at the elbow downstream and the corrosion attack is much more obvious with the increase of sand fines concentration. Another congruent finding is that cutting and pitting corrosion as the primitive causes of material degradation, the 10 wt.% sand fines concentration in carrier phase increases the erosion-corrosion rate of carbon steel up to 93% relative to the 2 wt.% sand fines concentration in slug flow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  4. Alam MK, Alfawzan AA, Haque S, Mok PL, Marya A, Venugopal A, et al.
    Front Pediatr, 2021;9:651951.
    PMID: 34026687 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.651951
    To investigate whether the craniofacial sagittal jaw relationship in patients with non-syndromic cleft differed from non-cleft (NC) individuals by artificial intelligence (A.I.)-driven lateral cephalometric (Late. Ceph.) analysis. The study group comprised 123 subjects with different types of clefts including 29 = BCLP (bilateral cleft lip and palate), 41 = UCLP (unilateral cleft lip and palate), 9 = UCLA (unilateral cleft lip and alveolus), 13 = UCL (unilateral cleft lip) and NC = 31. The mean age was 14.77 years. SNA, SNB, ANB angle and Wits appraisal was measured in lateral cephalogram using a new innovative A.I driven Webceph software. Two-way ANOVA and multiple-comparison statistics tests were applied to see the differences between gender and among different types of clefts vs. NC individuals. A significant decrease (p < 0.005) in SNA, ANB, Wits appraisal was observed in different types of clefts vs. NC individuals. SNB (p > 0.005) showed insignificant variables in relation to type of clefts. No significant difference was also found in terms of gender in relation to any type of clefts and NC group. The present study advocates a decrease in sagittal development (SNA, ANB and Wits appraisal) in different types of cleft compared to NC individuals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  5. Cheong JP, Soo SS, Manuel AM
    PMID: 27497393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.06.045
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors contributing towards hearing impairment in patients with cleft lip/palate.

    METHOD: A prospective analysis was conducted on 173 patients (346 ears) with cleft lip and palate (CL/P) who presented to the combined cleft clinic at University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) over 12 months. The patients' hearing status was determined using otoacoustic emission (OAE), pure tone audiometry (PTA) and auditory brainstem response (ABR). These results were analysed against several parameters, which included age, gender, race, types of cleft pathology, impact and timing of repair surgery.

    RESULTS: The patients' age ranged from 1-26 years old. They comprised 30% with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 28% with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 28% with isolated cleft palate (ICP) and 14% with isolated cleft lip (ICL). Majority of the patients (68.2%) had normal otoscopic findings. Out of the 346 ears, 241 ears (70%) ears had passed the hearing tests. There was no significant relationship between patients' gender and ethnicity with their hearing status. The types of cleft pathology significantly influenced the outcome of PTA and ABR screening results (p cleft groups and the outcome of hearing tests. However, hearing improvement occurred when palatal repair was performed at the age of <1year old (OR = 2.37, CI 1.2 = 4.6, p = 0.01).

    CONCLUSION: Majority of the cleft patients had normal hearing (70%). Hearing threshold varied significantly between the different types of cleft pathology. Surgery conferred no significant impact on the hearing outcome unless surgery was performed at the age of <1 year old.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/epidemiology*; Cleft Palate/pathology; Cleft Palate/surgery
  6. Raihan, S., Tg Norina, T.J., Raja Azmi, M.N.
    MyJurnal
    We report a rare case of a newborn baby girl who was delivered at 36 weeks of gestation with birth weight of 2680 grams and has ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum with cleft lip and palate diagnosed at birth. The baby was managed with simple procedures of eyelid bands separation. We also reviewed the embryology of eyelid and its relation with ankyloblepharon formation and discussed the various syndromes and abnormality which may be associated with this eyelid abnormality. The four types of ankyloblepharon which was described by Rosenman and colleague is presented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  7. Zulkiflee S, Siti Sabzah MH, Philip R, Md Aminuddin MY
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(2):32-35.
    PMID: 25606279 MyJurnal
    Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a condition characterised by a collection of fluid within the middle ear without signs of acute inflammation. It is common in young children, with a bimodal peak at two and five years of age. Eighty percent of children have at least one episode of OME by the age of 10 years. This disease is a common ear problem among children with craniofacial anomalies including cleft palate and Down syndrome (DS).

    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  8. Othman SA, Saffai L, Wan Hassan WN
    Clin Oral Investig, 2020 Aug;24(8):2853-2866.
    PMID: 31754872 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03150-1
    OBJECTIVES: To validate the accuracy and reproducibility of linear measurements of three-dimensional (3D) images and to compare the measurements with the direct anthropometry method on cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen linear facial measurements were derived from 16 standardized surface landmarks obtained from 37 cleft patients (20 males, 17 females; mean age 23.84 years, standard deviation ± 6.02). They were taken manually with calipers and were compared with the digitally calculated distance on the 3D images captured using the VECTRA-M5 360° Imaging System with pre-marked landmarks. Another pair of 19 linear measurements were computed on the 3D images 2 weeks apart for intra- and inter-observer agreements. Statistical analyses used were paired t test, the Bland-Altman analysis, and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) index.

    RESULTS: Most of the linear measurements showed no statistically significant differences between the proposed method and direct anthropometry linear measurements. Nevertheless, bias of the 3D imaging system is present in the linear measurements of the nose width and the upper vermillion height. The measurements' mean biases were within 2 mm, but the 95% limit of agreement was more than 2 mm. Intra- and inter-observer measurements generally showed good reproducibility. Four inter-observer measurements, the upper and lower face heights, nose width, and pronasale to left alar base were clinically significant.

    CONCLUSIONS: Measurements obtained from this 3D imaging system are valid and reproducible for evaluating CLP patients.

    CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The system is suitable to be used in a clinical setting for cleft patients. However, training of the operator is strictly advisable.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  9. Mat Saad AZ, Chai KS, Wan Sulaiman WA, Mat Johar SFN, Halim AS
    Arch Plast Surg, 2019 Nov;46(6):518-524.
    PMID: 31775204 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2019.00227
    BACKGROUND: Anterior palatal repair performed during cleft lip repair using a vomerine flap may assist in recruiting additional soft tissue for subsequent completion of palatoplasty, especially in patients with a wide cleft. We present our early.

    RESULTS: in the hope of triggering a re-evaluation of this technique regarding its advantages for maxillary growth through further studies of patients with a wide cleft.

    METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate was performed, including cleft and palatal measurements taken during initial surgery (lip repair together with anterior palate repair) and upon completion of palatoplasty.

    RESULTS: In total, 14 patients were included in this study, of whom nine (63.3%) had unilateral cleft lip and palate and five (37.5%) had bilateral cleft. All patients had a wide cleft palate. Lip and anterior palate repair was done at a median age of 3 months, while completion of palatoplasty was done at a median age of 10.5 months. Measurements taken upon completion of palatoplasty showed significant cleft width reduction in the mid-palate and intertubercle regions; however, the palatal arch distances at nearby landmarks showed non-significant marginal changes.

    CONCLUSIONS: Anterior palate repair using a vomerine flap significantly reduced the remaining cleft width, while the palatal width remained. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects of this technique in wide cleft patients in terms of facial growth.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  10. Solhan Yahya, Afidah Abdul Rahim, Affaizza Mohd Shah, Rohana Adnan
    Anticorrosion potential of mangrove tannins on aluminium alloys AA6061 in NaCl solution has been studied using potentiodynamic polarisation method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study was carried out in different pH of corrosive medium in the absence and presence of various concentrations of tannin. The corrosion inhibition behaviour of the mangrove tannin on AA6061 aluminium alloy corrosion was found to be dependant on the pH of NaCl solution. Our results showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing tannins concentration in chloride solution at pH 6. Treatment of aluminium alloy 6061 with all concentrations of mangrove tannins reduced the current density, thus decreased the corrosion rate. Tannins behaved as mixed inhibitors at pH 6 and reduction in current density predominantly affected in cathodic reaction. Meanwhile, at pH 12, addition of tannins shifted the corrosion potential to more cathodic potentials and a passivating effect was observed in anodic potentials. SEM studies have shown that the addition of tannins in chloride solution at pH 12 reduced the surface degradation and the formation of pits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  11. Abd Rahman N, Abdullah N, Samsudin AR, Naing Mohd Ayub Sadiq L
    Malays J Med Sci, 2004 Jul;11(2):41-51.
    PMID: 22973126
    This study was done to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and facial profile abnormality and its association with the non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) as compared to the non-cleft children. A comparative cross sectional study was conducted where the case group consist of 98 non-syndromic CLP children-unilateral (UCLP) and bilateral (BCLP) who attended the Combined Clinic at Kota Bharu Dental Clinic (KBDC) while the comparison group comprised of 109 non-cleft children who attended the outpatient clinic at KBDC. Their ages were between 3 to 12 years old. Clinical oral and facial profile examinations were carried out to look for dental anomalies (morphology, number and alignment of teeth) and facial profile abnormality. The prevalence of anomalies in morphology of teeth in CLP (24.5%) and non-cleft (10.1%), number of teeth in CLP (44.9%) and non-cleft (7.3%), mal-alignment in CLP (79.6%) and non-cleft (27.5%) and facial profile abnormality in CLP (26.5%) and non-cleft (9.1 %). There was a significant association between CLP and anomalies in morphology, number, mal-alignment and abnormality in facial profile; (p < 0.05). Therefore, there was a high prevalence and risk of dental anomalies and facial profile abnormality in the CLP children compared to the non-cleft children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate
  12. Salahshourifar I, Wan Sulaiman WA, Halim AS, Zilfalil BA
    Eur J Med Genet, 2012 Jun;55(6-7):389-93.
    PMID: 22440537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2012.02.006
    Non-syndromic oral clefts share the main clinical features of Van der Woude Syndrome (VWS), with the exception of the lower lip pit. Thus, about 15% of VWS cases are indistinguishable from cases with non-syndromic oral clefts. IRF6 mutations are the major cause of VWS; however, variants in this gene show strong association with non-syndromic oral clefts, with a higher increased risk among cases with cleft lip only (CLO). A total of 39 individuals, including 16 patients with CLO and 23 patients with a family history of cleft, were examined for IRF6 mutations in the present study. Seven variants, including five known (c.-75-4 A>; G, c.-73T>; C, c.459G>; T 5, c.820G>; A, and c.1060 + 37C>; T) and two novel (c.-75-23G>; C and c.1380G>; T), were found. Both novel variants were inherited from non-affected parents and we did not find also in the 120 control chromosomes. In silico analysis revealed that both c.1380G>; T and c.-75-23G>; C variants may disrupts a putative exonic splicing enhancer and intronic splicing binding site for SC35, respectively. Taken together, the presence of deleterious IRF6 variants in patients with non-syndromic oral clefts could be most likely an evidence for VWS. While, IRF6 variants could, at best, contribute to clefting as part of a complex inheritance pattern, with both additional genes and environmental factors having a role.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/genetics*
  13. Salahshourifar I, Halim AS, Sulaiman WA, Ariffin R, Naili Muhamad Nor N, Zilfalil BA
    Cytogenet Genome Res, 2011;134(2):83-7.
    PMID: 21447942 DOI: 10.1159/000325541
    Microdeletion of the Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) critical region is a relatively rare event, and only a few cases have been reported in the medical literature. The extent of the deletion and the genotype-phenotype correlation are 2 crucial issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/genetics
  14. Salahshourifar I, Halim AS, Sulaiman WA, Zilfalil BA
    Am J Med Genet A, 2010 Jul;152A(7):1818-21.
    PMID: 20583164 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33526
    We describe a chromosome 6 uniparental disomy (UPD6) in a boy, discovered during a screening for the genetic cause of cleft lip and palate. In the medical literature, almost all documented cases of UPD6 are paternal in origin, and only four were maternal. We present here a report of complete maternal chromosome 6 uniparental heterodisomy. Haplotype analysis was performed using highly polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers that span both arms of chromosome 6. Analysis of these markers revealed the presence of two maternal alleles but no paternal allele, indicating an instance of maternal uniparental heterodisomy. Chromosome analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes confirmed a normal male karyotype. Advanced maternal age at the time of the infant's birth and heterodisomy of markers around the centromere favors a meiosis-I error. No specific phenotype has been reported for maternal UPD6. Therefore, the cleft lip and palate in the present case probably occurred due to other risk factors. This report provides further evidence that maternal UPD6 has no specific clinical consequences and adds to the collective knowledge of this rare chromosomal finding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/genetics*
  15. Sulaiman AR, Nawaz H, Munajat I, Sallehudin AY
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2007 Apr;15(1):84-6.
    PMID: 17429125
    We report a case of the Antley-Bixler syndrome in an 11-year-old girl. She presented with bilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency, right clubfoot, left radiohumeral synostosis, bilateral ear hypoplasia, cleft palate, tongue tie, missing teeth, congenital heart disease, a pelvic kidney with hydronephrosis, and mental retardation. Proximal femoral focal deficiency has never been reported before as a manifestation of Antley-Bixler syndrome. Her mother was exposed to radiation during an intravenous urogram done in the first trimester of pregnancy. Exposure to radiation has not been implicated as a cause of Antley-Bixler syndrome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/etiology
  16. Burezq H, Bang RL, George A, Mukhtar A
    J Craniofac Surg, 2007 Jul;18(4):971-4.
    PMID: 17667698
    Prominent premaxilla is one of the problems encountered when dealing with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients. Secondary alveolar bone grafting with these patients would achieve filling of the osseous defect, supports the alar base, eliminate the oro-nasal fistula and enhance the maxillary instability. This article describes the management of a bilateral cleft lip and palate patient with an extremely protruding premaxilla done in one stage surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such degree of severity in the English literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/surgery*
  17. Patil PG, Nimbalkar-Patil SP
    J Prosthodont, 2018 Jan;27(1):94-97.
    PMID: 27002917 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12464
    Bilateral cleft lip/cleft palate is associated with nasal deformities typified by a short columella. The presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy approach includes reduction of the size of the intraoral alveolar cleft as well as positioning of the surrounding deformed soft tissues and cartilages. In a bilateral cleft patient, NAM, along with columellar elongation, eliminates the need for columellar lengthening surgery. Thus the frequent surgical intervention to achieve the desired esthetic results can be avoided. This article proposes a modified activation technique of the nasal stent for a NAM appliance for columellar lengthening in bilateral cleft lip/palate patients. The design highlights relining of the columellar portion of the nasal stent and the wire-bending of the nasal stent to achieve desirable results within the limited span of plasticity of the nasal cartilages. With this technique the vertical taping of the premaxilla to the oral plate can be avoided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/surgery*
  18. Choong YY, Norazlina B
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Mar;56(1):88-91.
    PMID: 11503303
    The EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and cleft lip-palate) is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait or can occur sporadically. We describe a case of this syndrome with chronic ocular surface disorder secondary to abnormalities of ocular adnexia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/complications*
  19. Trott JA, Mohan N
    Br J Plast Surg, 1993 Apr;46(3):215-22.
    PMID: 8490700
    This paper is a preliminary report on a strategy to perform open tip rhinoplasty at the time of lip repair in bilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. This method was devised to suit unique socio-economic circumstances in the Malaysian centre of Alor Setar. Of 8 cases having surgery in 1991, 7 returned for follow-up with results being documented photographically. It is concluded that this aggressive approach is justified in severe bilateral cleft lip and palate deformity because of the cost effectiveness of limiting the number of interventions. Furthermore, it provides optimally orientated nasal tip anatomy and reduces the social stigma of cleft lip nose appearance from the earliest possible time in the child's development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/surgery*
  20. Omar I, Jidon AJ
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Sep;48(3):364-8.
    PMID: 8183155
    Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Palate/therapy*
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