Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 145 in total

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  1. Zulkifli I, Fauziah O, Omar AR, Shaipullizan S, Siti Selina AH
    Vet Res Commun, 1999 Mar;23(2):91-9.
    PMID: 10359153
    Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of formaldehyde vaporization of a hatcher on the tracheal epithelium of chick embryos, and on the production performance and behaviour of commercial broiler chicks. In experiment 1, chick embryos were exposed to 23.5 ppm of formaldehyde vapour during the last 3 days of incubation. Tracheal samples were taken at 0, 6, 30 and 54 h after exposure to formaldehyde and examined by scanning electron microscopy for pathological changes. Observable lesions included excessive accumulation of mucus, matted cilia, loss of cilia and sloughing of the epithelium. The lesions were more severe in chicks exposed for 54 h as compared to those exposed for 6 or 30 h. In experiment 2, 60 chicks that had been exposed to formaldehyde vapour as above and 60 control chicks were used to investigate the effect of formaldehyde fumigation on production performance and behaviour. Formaldehyde vaporization resulted in higher weekly (days 0-6 and 21-27) and total (days 0-41) feed intake and poorer weekly (days 0-6, 7-13, 21-27 and 28-34) and overall (days 0-41) feed conversion ratios. Body weight, mortality and behaviour (eating, drinking, sitting and standing activities) were not affected by formaldehyde fumigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde/administration & dosage; Formaldehyde/pharmacology*
  2. Ramesh G, Khamizar W
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jun;60(2):201-3.
    PMID: 16114161
    The use of high voltage radiotheraphy in pelvi malignancies has led to a common complication which is radiation . proctitis. Treatment with rectal formalin is simple and effective and can be done as a day care procedure. The use of formalin dab was assessed as a day care procedure in our surgical unit in which ten patients were prospectively evaluated. Outcome of these patients was encouraging.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde/administration & dosage; Formaldehyde/therapeutic use*
  3. Long I, Suppian R, Ismail Z
    Korean J Pain, 2013 Jul;26(3):255-64.
    PMID: 23861999 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2013.26.3.255
    We investigated the effects of pre-emptive administration of ketamine and norBNI on pain behavior and the expression of DREAM, c-Fos, and prodynorphin proteins on the ipsilateral side of the rat spinal cord at 2 and 4 hours after formalin injection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  4. Selvanathan V, Ruslan MH, Aminuzzaman M, Muhammad G, Amin N, Sopian K, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 22;12(9).
    PMID: 32972016 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092170
    A starch-resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF)-lithium triflate (LiTf) based biodegradable polymer electrolyte membrane was synthesized via the solution casting technique. The formation of RF crosslinks in the starch matrix was found to repress the starch's crystallinity as indicated by the XRD data. Incorporation of the RF plasticizer improved the conductivity greatly, with the highest room-temperature conductivity recorded being 4.29 × 10-4 S cm-1 achieved by the starch:LiTf:RF (20 wt.%:20 wt.%:60 wt.%) composition. The enhancement in ionic conductivity was an implication of the increase in the polymeric amorphous region concurrent with the suppression of the starch's crystallinity. Chemical complexation between the plasticizer, starch, and lithium salt components in the electrolyte was confirmed by FTIR spectra.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  5. Sasnila Pakpahan, Bambang Wispriyono, Budi Hartono, Juliana Jalaludin
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: School environment represents an important microenvironment for students who spend 6-8 hours in classrooms. Indoor air quality is linked to several respiratory diseases in the school age group. This research aims to study indoor air quality of schools at different environmental characteristic and assess its health risks to students. Methods: This research measured air quality (PM2.5, PM10, CO2 , and HCHO) in three junior high schools and followed by health risk assessment. Results: This research found that the mean or median level of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 in all three schools exceeded the standard value with health risks (HQ> 1) for PM2.5 in all three schools and PM10 in two schools. Whereas carbon dioxide and formaldehyde concentrations were still safe and did not inflict health risks (HQ < 1). The scenario for managing the health risk of PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was to control the exposure at a safe threshold of PM2.5 0.035 mg/m3 ; 0.043 mg/m3 and PM10 0.144 mg/m3 for most of the population at normal school time. Conclusion: It was concluded that the level of indoor particulate matters indicates poor indoor air quality in all three schools at different environmental characteristic and inflicts health risk on students so that the health risk management is required.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  6. Selvaraj M, Assiri MA, Singh H, Appaturi JN, Subrahmanyam C, Ha CS
    Dalton Trans, 2021 Jan 21.
    PMID: 33475664 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04158k
    The Prins cyclization of styrene (SE) with paraformaldehyde (PFCHO) was conducted with mesoporous ZnAlMCM-41 catalysts for the synthesis of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane (4-PDO) using a liquid phase heterogeneous catalytic method. For a comparison study, the Prins cyclization reaction was also conducted over different nanoporous catalysts, e.g. mesoporous solid acid catalysts, AlMCM-41(21) and ZnMCM-41(21), and microporous catalysts, USY, Hβ, HZSM-5, and H-mordenite. The recyclable mesoporous ZnAlMCM-41 catalysts were reused in this reaction to evaluate their catalytic stabilities. Since ZnAlMCM-41(75) has higher catalytic activity than other solid acid catalysts, washed ZnAlMCM-41(75)/W-ZnAlMCM-41(75) was prepared using an efficient chemical treatment method and used with various reaction parameters to find an optimal parameter for the highly selective synthesis of 4-PDO. W-ZnAlMCM-41(75) was also used in the Prins cyclization of olefins with PFCHO and formalin (FN, 37% aqueous solution of formaldehyde (FCHO)) under different reaction conditions to obtain 1,3-dioxanes, which are widely used as solvents or intermediates in organic synthesis. Based on the nature of catalysts used under different reaction conditions, a reasonable plausible reaction mechanism for the Prins cyclization of SE with PFCHO is proposed. Notably, it can be seen from the catalytic results of all catalysts that the W-ZnAlMCM-41(75) catalyst has higher 4-PDO selectivity with exceptional catalytic activity than other microporous and mesoporous catalysts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  7. Alias MIM, Hambali K, Amir A, Fauzi N, Hassin H, Yin SA
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2019 Jan;30(1):161-167.
    PMID: 30847039 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2019.30.1.10
    A survey was conducted to determine the diversity of fish in Pergau Lake, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia from 2 September to 18 October of 2016. Fish samples were collected at seven random sampling stations around the lake by using setting trap method. The collected samples were preserved in 10% formalin solution and delivered to the laboratory for further identification process. Fourteen species, namely as Hemibagrus nemurus, Hampala macrolepidota, Clarias batrachus, Channa striata, Cyprinus carpio, Poropuntius smedleyi, Pangasius sp., Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis mossambicus, Leptobarbus hoevenii, Neolissochilus hexagonolepis, Tor tambroides, Osteochilus hasselti and Neolissochilus soroides, comprising of six families were collected during this study. From this study, family of Cyprinidae was the dominant species in Pergau Lake with exactly 50% of catch percentage, followed by family of Bagridae (29%), Cichlidae (10%), Clariidae (5%), Channidae (3%) and Pangasiidae (3%). This study shows that there is still a diversity of fish species in Pergau Lake, showing that the water and its environmental condition is very good.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  8. Nor Mohd Razif Noraini, Leman, A.M., Ahmad Sayuti Zainal Abidin
    MyJurnal
    A preliminary study has been conducted in a new constructed 8 stories building (2 level of Hostels facility, 3 level of Training Room, 2 Level of Offices and 1 level of Exhibition Halls and Rooms) in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor. The Hostels facility is a floor tile and furnished with build in locker and use split air conditioning system while the Training Room and Exhibition Rooms used floor tile. The Offices and Exhibition Hall are carpeted furnished. All these spaces were using centralized air conditioning systems. A pre-commissioning assessment on 5 chemical parameters of indoor air pollutants such Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC), Formaldehyde, Respirable Particulates (PM!
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  9. Choon, Y.F., Ramanathan, A., Ali, H., Ghani, W.M.N., Cheong, S.C., Zain, R.B.
    Ann Dent, 2011;18(1):8-17.
    MyJurnal
    Background: MDM2 and p53 are involved in a negative feedback loop where p53 regulates MDM2 at the transcriptional level. MDM2, in turn, downregulates p53. This co-ordinated interaction between these proteins is set to play an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression following DNA damage to cells. The over-expression of both p53 and MDM2 has been reported in various cancers. However there are only few studies discussing the co-expression of MDM2 with p53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of co-expression of p53, MDM2, and Ki-67 proteins with clinico-pathological factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to conduct a systematic review of the co-expression of p53/MDM2.

    Method: This is a retrospective descriptive study and a systematic review. Formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissues from 45 OSCC cases were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53, MDM2, and Ki-67 proteins.

    Results: Immuno-reactivity for p53, MDM2, and Ki-67 was seen in 75.6%, 97.8%, and 62.2% cases of OSCC respectively. The co-expression of p53 and MDM2 (p53/MDM2) was detected in 97.1%, however there was no significant correlation between p53 and MDM2 expression. Notably, p53/MDM2 coexpression was significantly associated with tumour differentiation (p-value = 0.045). The Ki-67LI was not significantly associated with neither MDM2 nor p53/MDM2 co-expression (p-value = 0.268, 0.916 respectively).

    Conclusion: The expression of MDM2 was not signif icantly associated with p53 expression suggesting that MDM2 expression is mediated by p53-independent pathways or mutated p53 could not induce the expression of MDM2 in this set of OSCCs. The only clinico-pathological parameter that correlates significantly with co-expression of p53/MDM2 is tumour differentiation where it is suggestive that the co-expression of these 2 proteins is indicative of aggressive tumour behavior.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  10. Lian, C.B., Ngeow, W.C.
    Ann Dent, 2000;7(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    Formalin is a clear solution of 37% formaldehyde in water. It is used in dentistry as a disinfectant, antiseptic and mainly as tissue fixative for preserving biologic specimens for histopathologic examination. The human knowledge on systemic formaldehyde intoxication is inadequate as only few cases of formalin ingestion have been reported. This paper presents a brief communication of the adverse effect of formalin to the human tissue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  11. Ambu, Stephen, Yin, Evelyn Synn Yeoh, Joon, Wah Mak, Chakravarthi, Srikumar
    MyJurnal
    The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of Sarcocystis infection in wild and peri-urban rodents in some states in Peninsular Malaysia. The thigh muscle from these rodents were formalin preserved, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under light microscopy. Of the 146 muscle tissue examined only 73 were positive for Sarcocystis infection.
    Morphological identification showed the presence of some new morphological types to be present. Different species of Sarcocystis were seen in the sections but more extensive studies are needed to identify them to species level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  12. Affandi KA, Tizen NMS, Mustangin M, Zin RRMRM
    J Pathol Transl Med, 2018 Sep;52(5):283-289.
    PMID: 30235512 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2018.08.14
    BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. With major advances in the molecular testing of lung cancers and the introduction of targeted therapies, the distinction between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma as well as pathologic subtyping has become important. Recent studies showed that p40 is highly specific for squamous and basal cells and is superior to p63 for diagnosing lung squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of p40 immunohistochemical stain in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma and its potential to replace current p63 antibody as the best immunohistochemical squamous marker.

    METHODS: Seventy formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cases previously diagnosed as primary lung squamous cell carcinoma (n = 35) and lung adenocarcinoma (n = 35) from January 2008 to December 2016 were retrieved. The results of tumour cell immunoreactivity for p40 and p63 antibodies in lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma were compared.

    RESULTS: p40 was expressed in 27 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma (77.1%). All cases of lung adenocarcinoma (35/35, 100%) were negative for p40. p63 expression was positive in 30 cases of lung squamous cell carcinoma (85.7%) and 13 cases of lung adenocarcinoma (37.1%). Reactivity for both p40 and p63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was strong and diffuse, whereas variable reactivity was observed in lung adenocarcinoma.

    CONCLUSIONS: p40 is an excellent marker for distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma, and p40 expression is equivalent to p63 expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  13. Omar, Naja Nadiera, Iskandar Shahrim Mustafa, Nurhayati Abdullah, Rokiah Hashim
    MyJurnal
    Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) resin has been extensively used in the manufacturing industry as a binding agent, especially in the production of wood-based panels because of its ability to provide good moisture resistance, exterior strength and durability as well as excellent temperature stability. However, due to the use of limited petroleum-based phenol in its formulation, there is a strong interest in exploring renewable biomass material to partially substitute the petroleum-based phenol. In this study, the slow pyrolysis of biomass decomposition process was used to convert two types of biomass, namely, oil palm frond and Rhizophora hardwood, into bio-oil. The phenol-rich fraction of the bio-oil was separated and added into the formulation of PF resin to produce an environmentally-friendly type of PF resin, known as bio-oilphenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resin. This BPF resin was observed to have comparable viscosity, better alkalinity, improved non-volatile content and faster curing temperature than conventional PF resin. Moreover, the particleboard bonded with this BPF resin was observed to have just as excellent bonding strength as the one bonded using conventional PF resin. However, the BPF resin exhibited an increased level of free formaldehyde and less thermal stability than the conventional PF resin, probably due to the addition of the less reactive bio-oil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  14. Zaidon A, Kim G, Bakar E, Rasmina H
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:775-782.
    The aim of the study was to develop response surface methodology (RSM) models for polymer loading, density, dimensional stability, strength and stiffness of compressed wood of sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) treated with phenol formaldehyde (PF). Central composite design (CCD) using RSM with three processing parameters was studied in their specific ranges: PF concentration (PC) from 24-40%, pre-curing time (PCT), 3-9 h and compression ratio (CR), 70-90%. The experimental design was analysed and interpreted using the Design Expert Software (Stat Ease version 8) and the responses of 3d plots were built using the same software. Quadratic models in terms of PC, PCT and CR were developed for polymer loading, density, reduction in water absorption and modulus of rupture in static bending. Multiple linear equations were developed for anti-swelling efficiency and modulus of elasticity. The experimental values were in good agreement with predicted ones and the models were highly significant with correlation coefficients between 0.626 and 0.926. PC and CR had significant effects on the responses. The range of PCT used did not significantly affect the responses. It was also found that the improvement of properties ranged from moderately to highly correlated with the polymer loading in the compreg wood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  15. Then S, Gan SN, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1179-1186.
    A series of poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) microcapsules filled with dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) was successfully prepared by in situ polymerization. The effect of diverse process parameters and ingredients on the morphology of the microcapsules was observed by SEM, optical microscopy (OM) and digital microscopy. Different techniques for the characterization of the chemical structure and the core content were considered such as FT-IR and 1H-NMR as well as the characterization of thermal properties by DSC. High yields of free flowing powder of spherical microcapsules were produced. The synthesized microcapsules can be incorporated into another polymeric host material. In the event the host material cracks due to excessive stress or strong impact, the microcapsules would rupture to release the DCPD, which could polymerize to repair the crack.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  16. Pang B, Lam SS, Shen XJ, Cao XF, Liu SJ, Yuan TQ, et al.
    ChemSusChem, 2020 Sep 07;13(17):4446-4454.
    PMID: 32118355 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000299
    The valorization of lignin to replace phenol is significant in the production of phenolic resins. However, a great challenge is to produce lignin-based resin (LR) with a suitable viscosity and high substitution rate of lignin to phenol. In this study, LRs were produced using hardwood technical lignin derived from the pulping industry. Structural analysis of the LRs indicated that the unsubstituted para and ortho carbon atoms of the aromatic ring influenced the curing temperature and activation energy of the resins. The curing kinetics and thermal decomposition study implied that urea and methylene groups in cured LRs were significant factors that affected the thermal stability negatively. The prepared LRs showed desirable features if used as adhesives to make plywood. This is the first approach in which a substitution rate of up to 65 % is achieved for low-reactive-site hardwood lignin, which provides a solution to the challenge of the simultaneous realization of the high addition of lignin and the adaptive viscosity of resins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  17. Abd Ghani Aizat, Paiman, Bawon, Lee, Seng Hua, Ashaari Zaidon
    MyJurnal
    In this study, the effects of addition of ammonium and aluminium-based hardeners into
    urea formaldehyde resin (UF) on the physico-mechanical properties and formaldehyde
    emission of the rubberwood particleboard were investigated. Four types of hardeners,
    namely ammonium chloride (AC), ammonium sulphate (AS), aluminium chloride (AlC)
    and aluminium sulphate (AlS), were added into UF resin. The acidity, gelation time,
    viscosity and free formaldehyde content of the UF/hardener mixtures were determined.
    Particleboard made with the UF/hardener mixtures were tested for physico-mechanical
    properties and formaldehyde emission. The pH values of the resin after addition of
    aluminium-based hardeners were higher and resulted in higher viscosity and shorter
    gelation time. Consequently, despite lower formaldehyde emission was recorded, the
    physico-mechanical properties of the resulted particleboard were inferior compared to
    that of ammonium-based hardeners. The best quality particleboard in terms of mechanical,
    physical and formaldehyde emission were obtained from the particleboard made with AS,
    followed by AC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  18. Siti Noorul Aina Ab Rahim, Sarani Zakaria, Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar, Chin HC, Rasidi Roslan, Hatika Kaco, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:1659-1665.
    Bio-novolac fibre made from phenol-formaldehyde derived oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was produced using electrospinning method. The bio-novolac phenol-formaldehyde was prepared via liquefaction and resinification at two different molar ratios of formaldehyde to liquefied EFB (LEFB) (F:LEFB = 0.5:1 and 0.8:1). Electrospinning was applied to the bio-novolac phenol-formaldehyde (BPF) in order to form smooth and thin as-spun fibre. The BPF was electrospun at 15 kV and 15 cm distance between needle and collector at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/h. At lower molecular weight of BPF resin, beads formation was observed. The addition of poly(vinyl) butyral (Mw = 175,000 - 250,000) has improved the fibre formation with lesser beads hence produced more fibre. Polymer solution with higher molecular weight produced better quality fibre.
    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  19. Akhir MKAM, Choy CS, Abdullah MA, Ghani FA, Veerakumarasivam A, Hussin H
    Malays J Med Sci, 2020 Feb;27(1):37-45.
    PMID: 32158343 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.1.4
    Introduction: Lin-11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 domains (LIM) homeobox genes are among the most important sub-families of homeobox genes. These genes are thought to play an important role in cancer. In this study, the protein expression of these genes was examined in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. The expression pattern of Islet-1 (ISL1) and LIM homeobox 5 (LHX5) across different cancer stages and grades, as well as the association between the protein expression of these genes and patient demographics and clinicopathological features, were examined.

    Methods: A total of 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded urothelial carcinoma tissues were selected from the Department of Pathology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur and the protein expression of ISL1 and LHX5 was determined using immunohistochemistry.

    Results: Positive expression of ISL1 and LHX5 was detected in 94% and 98% of the samples, respectively. There were no distinct LHX5 expression patterns associated with different cancer stages, but the proportion of high-expressing tumours was higher in high-grade tumours. In addition, there was a significant association between the expression of LHX5 and tumour grade. The proportion of tumours expressing high levels of ISL1 was found to be highest in later stage tumours.

    Conclusion: The high percentage of tumours expressing both these genes suggests that ISL1 and LHX5 play an important role in bladder tumourigenesis across multiple stages.

    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
  20. Omotoso GO, Kadir RE, Sulaimon FA, Jaji-Sulaimon R, Gbadamosi IT
    Malays J Med Sci, 2018 Sep;25(5):35-47.
    PMID: 30914861 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.5.4
    Background and aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of gestational nicotine exposure before neurodevelopment on the morphology and histology of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in rats.

    Methodology: Adult female Wistar rats were time-mated and grouped into three categories: (a) control-given 0.1 mL of normal saline, (b) low-dose nicotine-given 6.88 mg/ kg/d/0.05 mL, and (c) high-dose nicotine-given 13.76 mg/kg/d/0.1 mL in two divided doses. Treatment was given intraperitoneally from gestational days 2 to 6. On postnatal day 15 (P15), the pups were separated from their mothers, anaesthetised and sacrificed, followed by intracardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde. PFC was excised from the brain and processed for tissue histology, histochemistry, and morphology of brain cells.

    Results: Gestational nicotine exposure during the first week of gestation in rats significantly reduced birth weights in nicotine-treated groups compared with control; it, however, accelerated body weights, altered neuronal morphology, and elevated astrocytic count significantly, while oligodendroglial count was slightly increased in the PFC of juvenile rats examined at P15.

    Conclusion: These alterations revealed that gestational nicotine exposure before the commencement of the cellular processes involved in brain development negatively affects neurodevelopment, and this could result in neurological dysfunctions in later life.

    Matched MeSH terms: Formaldehyde
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