Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 124 in total

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  1. Saifuddin, T.M., Amilin, N., Zafri, A.
    MyJurnal
    Dissociative identity disorder (DID) previously known as multiple personality disorder is associated with depression and traumatic childhood which can be either physically or sexually abuse. It is hard to establish diagnosis of DID because of the complexity and controversies that surrounding it. We report a case of a young man who has DID and Major Depressive Disorder in the background of traumatic childhood experience who was recently admitted to our inpatient psychiatric unit and demonstrated transitions to other distinct personality state.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  2. Mazlinda, M., Ayu Sulaini, J., Suriawati, G., Mardiana, M., Zahri, M.K.
    MyJurnal
    A pressure ulcer is a common health problem, particularly among the physically limited or bedridden individuals. The most vulnerable group to suffer this condition is the elderly. The prevalence of Geriatric inpatient with pressure ulcer stage I, II, III or even IV for a month was 35.5% of the total admission. The understanding of recovery process, prevention remains the best management strategy as it improves their quality of life. This study aims to compare PU development outcomes in geriatric patients nursed on either using the Durable barrier cream (Cavillon cream) or non-pharmacological intervention alone. Using the Quasi experimental study-design, the selected participants were subjected to Cavaillon cream as well as the intervention. The assessment used were the outcome of the pressure ulcer was assessed using the measured size of the redness area. There was the statistically significant reduction in pressure ulcer size on day three compared to the size on day one among the intervention group, z value was -5.028, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  3. Jepps MW
    Parasitology, 1923;15:213-20.
    DOI: 10.1017/S0031182000014682
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  4. Scrimgeour H
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1932;7:137-40.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  5. Ramli M, Abdullah AAW, Saiful MIB, Fafiz MN, Fahmi AAZ
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Maternal psychological well-being determines early mother-infant relationship and babys health. Paying attention on this aspect is essential particularly in early postpartum period. This study aimed to determine early psychological reactions toward socioeconomic profi les, delivery methods and delivery outcomes among postpartum mothers in Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 two week-postpartum mothers participated in this cross sectional study and their psychological perspective was measured by using the Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Results: 4%, 16% and 4.7% of respondents had significant depressive, anxiety and stress levels respectively. Conclusion: Socioeconomic variables such household income, level of education and presence of medical illness were statistically signifi cant to determine early postpartum psychological reactions but not the modes or outcomes of delivery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  6. Al-Talib H, Yean CY, Hasan H, Nik Zuraina NM, Ravichandran M
    Pol J Microbiol, 2013;62(1):109-12.
    PMID: 23829087
    Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a common source of nosocomial infection and colonization. The aim of the present study was to assess the burden of methicillin-resistant S. aureus nasal carriage, its association with factors of interest including its genetic relationships. The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was found to be 28.7%. This study showed that patients with a history of previous antibiotic intake, nasogastric tube, and longer hospitalization had a significantly high risk of being MRSA nasal carriers. The genetic relationship of all 34 nasal MRSA isolates revealed four major clusters of isolates, and there was a relationship between MRSA isolated from inpatients and healthcare workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  7. Keevil V, Mazzuin Razali R, Chin AV, Jameson K, Aihie Sayer A, Roberts H
    Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2013 Jan-Feb;56(1):155-9.
    PMID: 23116975 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.10.005
    Grip strength is a marker of sarcopenia, the age-related decline in muscle mass and function, and has been little researched in Asian populations. We aimed to describe the feasibility and acceptability of measuring grip strength in hospitalized, older people in Malaysia and to explore its range, determinants and association with length of stay. Patients admitted acutely to the geriatrics ward of a teaching hospital were consecutively recruited. Inability to consent or use the dynamometer led to exclusion. Maximum grip strength, anthropometric data, length of hospital stay, discharge destination, 3-point Barthel score, mini-mental state examination, falls history and number of co-morbidities and medications on admission were recorded. 80/153 (52%) eligible patients were recruited (52 women; age range 64-100 years). 9/153 (6%) refused to participate and 64/153 (42%) were excluded (34 too unwell, 24 unable to consent, 4 unable to use the dynamometer, 2 other reasons). 76/80 patients (95%) reported that they would undergo grip strength measurement again. Determinants were similar to those of Caucasian populations but grip strength values were lower. After adjustment for sex, age and height, stronger grip strength was associated with shorter length of stay [hazard ratio 1.05 (95% CI 1.00, 1.09; P=0.03)]. This is the first report of grip strength measurement in hospitalized older people in Malaysia. It was feasible, acceptable to participants and associated with length of stay. Further research is warranted to elucidate the normative range in different ethnic groups and explore its potential use in clinical practice in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients/statistics & numerical data
  8. Wahab MS, Nyfort-Hansen K, Kowalski SR
    Int J Clin Pharm, 2012 Dec;34(6):855-62.
    PMID: 22864867 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-012-9681-8
    BACKGROUND: The elderly population is increasing worldwide. Due to age-related physiological changes that affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, the elderly are predisposed to adverse drug reactions. Prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) has been found to be prevalent among the elderly and PIM use has been associated with hospitalisations and mortality.

    OBJECTIVES: This study aims to identify the prevalence and nature of pre-admission inappropriate prescribing by using the STOPP (screening tool of older people's prescriptions) criteria amongst a sample of hospitalised elderly inpatients in South Australia.

    SETTING: Medical, surgical and rehabilitation wards of a public teaching hospital in Adelaide, South Australia.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Pre-admission prevalence of PIM.

    METHOD: Medication management plans of 100 patients of ≥65 years old were prospectively studied to determine the prevalence of pre-admission PIM use. Sixty-five criteria of STOPP were applied to identify PIMs.

    RESULTS: The total number of pre-admission medications screened during the study period was 949; the median number of medicines per patient was nine (range 2-28). Overall the STOPP criteria identified 138 PIMs in 60 % of patients. The most frequently encountered PIM was opiates prescribed in patients with recurrent falls (12.3 %), followed by benzodiazepines in fallers (10.1 %) and proton pump inhibitors when prescribed for peptic ulcer disease for long-term at maximum doses (9.4 %). The number of medications were found to have a positive correlation with pre-admission PIM use (r(s) = 0.49, P < 0.01).

    CONCLUSIONS: Pre-admission PIM use is highly prevalent among the studied population. Strategies to reduce PIM use should be undertaken by physicians and pharmacists. The use of the STOPP criteria in clinical practice to reduce prescriptions of inappropriate medications requires further investigation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  9. Tan SB, Loh EC, Lam CL, Ng CG, Lim EJ, Boey CCM
    BMJ Support Palliat Care, 2019 Mar;9(1):e19.
    PMID: 27098972 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-001064
    Although suffering in palliative care has received increasing attention over the past decade, the psychological processes that underpin suffering remain relatively unexplored.

    OBJECTIVE: To understand the psychological processes involved in the experiencing of suffering at the end phase of life.

    METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 palliative care inpatients from an academic medical centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The transcripts were thematically analysed with NVIVO9.

    RESULTS: 5 themes of psychological processes of suffering were generated: (1) perceptions, (2) cognitive appraisals, (3) hope and the struggles with acceptance, (4) emotions and (5) clinging. A model of suffering formation was constructed.

    CONCLUSION: The findings may inform the development of mechanism-based interventions in the palliation of suffering.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients/psychology*
  10. Loh SY, Abdullah A, Abu Bakar AK, Thambu M, Nik Jaafar NR
    Glob J Health Sci, 2016;8(1):238-48.
    PMID: 26234968 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p238
    Lifestyle moderate-intensity physical activity can lower the risk of over twenty chronic health conditions, whilst inactivity reduces daily functioning and physical health of individuals living with schizophrenia. This study conducted in 2014 examines the effect of structured walking participation on QOL, psychosocial functioning and symptoms in Hospital Permai, one of the largest psychiatry institution in Asia
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  11. Harwant S, Doshi HK, Moissinac K, Abdullah BT
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):236-41.
    PMID: 19839152
    Sixty inpatients with diabetic foot were studied prospectively at the Orthopaedic wards of Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Data was evaluated to document the patient profile and the factors that were associated with a major amputation (either above knee or below knee) of the lower limb. Factors that were associated with increased risk of amputation were a low education level, manual occupation, poor foot care, peripheral vascular insufficiency of the lower limb, insulin dependence, anaemia and leucocytosis. However only anaemia, leucocytosis and hyperglycaemia were statistically significant in predicting a more adverse surgical procedure. This study recommends that foot care awareness and practice is important. This can be effectively dealt with at specially organised, multi disciplinary Diabetic Foot Clinics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  12. Tabassum T, Ashraf M, Thaver I
    J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 2016 Jul-Sep;28(3):582-586.
    PMID: 28712241
    BACKGROUND: The awareness of patient's rights is negligible in developing countries where no legal framework is present to protect these rights and Pakistan is no exception. Not only is there an absence of legal structure for protection of patients' rights, but the enforcement and implementation for existing law is also questionable. Pakistan has an Islamic Charter of Medical and Health Ethics which includes the medical behaviour and physician's rights and duties towards the patients. Despite all these charters on patients' rights, there is little to no awareness regarding these rights and their practice remains low in healthcare system of Pakistan. This assessment of awareness among patients about their rights will guide in formulating recommendations to improve the existing system of healthcare delivery in the country.

    METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in two hospitals in Lahore, each belonging to public and private sector. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from patients. A total of 220 patients were selected to participate in the study, 110 belonging to each private and public hospital.

    RESULTS: The findings indicate that most of the patients (64%) were not aware of their rights. The awareness level was better in patients seeking care from private hospital than those from public hospital. Education, monthly income and type of hospital utilized were found to be positively associated with the level of awareness. Most of the patients were not satisfied with the practices of their rights, especially in public hospitals.

    CONCLUSIONS: The lack of awareness regarding the rights of a patient was more common in patients of public/government hospitals compared to private hospitals. A nation-wide healthcare education program is needed to increase awareness and practice of patients' rights in the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  13. Diana Yap FS, Ng ZY, Wong CY, Muhamad Saifuzzaman MK, Yang LB
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):45-50.
    PMID: 30846662
    INTRODUCTION: Increasing incidence of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) has complicated treatment courses for hospitalised patients. Despite recommendation to support deep vein thrombosis (DVT) risk assessment and appropriate use of prophylaxis in medical inpatients, it is either neglected or prescribed unnecessarily by the clinicians. This study aimed to assess and compare the appropriateness of DVT prophylaxis prescribing between usual care versus a pharmacist-driven DVT Risk Alert Tool (DRAT) intervention among hospitalised medical patients.

    METHODS: A prospective pre- and post-intervention study was conducted among medical inpatients in a Malaysian secondary care hospital. DVT and bleeding risks were stratified using validated Padua Risk Assessment Model (RAM) and International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) Bleeding Risk Assessment Model. Pharmacist-driven DRAT was developed and implemented post-interventional phase. DVT prophylaxis use was determined and its appropriateness was compared between pre and post study using multivariate logistic regression with IBM SPSS software version 21.0.

    RESULTS: Overall, 286 patients (n=142 pre-intervention versus n=144 post-intervention) were conveniently recruited. The prevalence of DVT prophylaxis use was 10.8%. Appropriate thromboprophylaxis prescribing increased from 64.8% to 68.1% post-DRAT implementation. Of note, among high DVT risk patients, DRAT intervention was observed to be a significant predictor of appropriate thromboprophylaxis use (14.3% versus 31.3%; adjusted odds ratio=2.80; 95% CI 1.01 to 7.80; p<0.05).

    CONCLUSION: The appropriateness of DVT prophylaxis use was suboptimal but doubled after implementation of DRAT intervention. Thus, an integrated risk stratification checklist is an effective approach for the improvement of rational DVT prophylaxis use.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients/statistics & numerical data
  14. Hasan SS, Burud IAS, Kow CS, Rasheed MK, Chan KSC, Tay PK, et al.
    Int J Clin Pract, 2021 Mar;75(3):e13714.
    PMID: 32949074 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13714
    BACKGROUND: Older individuals are seemingly having more medical conditions, which predispose them to a greater risk of polypharmacy. Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), including those having anticholinergic and sedative properties, are common in their prescriptions, often associated with functional decline and negative health outcomes. Thus, this study reports proportions of inappropriate drugs and drug burden exposures and its correlation with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among cognitively intact older adults admitted to a ward or visiting the outpatient clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study included data from 344 older (173 inpatients and 171 outpatients) patients, aged 60 years and above, through validated questionnaires. Medication appropriateness was assessed via Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) tool, whereas Beers and Screening Tool of Older Person's Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing (STOPP) criteria were used to evaluate PIMs and potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP), respectively. The Drug Burden Index (DBI) and polypharmacy, as well as PROs, included Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI), Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (Katz ADL) and Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL) were also evaluated.

    RESULTS: Overall, inpatients received significantly higher medications (6.90 ± 2.70 vs 4.49 ± 3.20) than outpatients. A significantly higher proportion of inpatients received at least one PIM (65% vs 57%) or PIP (57.4% vs 17.0%) and higher mean MAI score (1.76 ± 1.08 and 1.10 ± 0.34) and DBI score (2.67 ± 1.28 vs 1.49 ± 1.17) than outpatients. Inpatients had significantly higher total OPQOL (118.53 vs 79.95) and GFI score (5.44 vs 3.78) than outpatients. We only found significant correlations between GFI and DBI and total OPQOL and the number of PIMs.

    CONCLUSIONS: Proportions of PIMs and DBI exposure were significantly higher in an inpatient setting. No significant correlations between exposures to inappropriate medications or drug burden and PROs were observed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients*
  15. Chan LF, Maniam T, Shamsul AS
    Crisis, 2011;32(5):283-7.
    PMID: 21940256 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000088
    Depressed inpatients constitute a high-risk population for suicide attempts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients/psychology; Inpatients/statistics & numerical data
  16. Leong BDK, Ariffin AZ, Chuah JA, Voo SY
    Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):10-2.
    PMID: 23466759 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Peripheral arterial disease(PAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) are two important underdiagnosed vascular pathologies. As they share common risk factors with coronary arterial disease, we conducted a study to look at their prevalence among patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with ACS admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Malaysia, from February 2009 till August 2009 were screened prospectively for PVD and AAA. Patients' data and clinical findings were gathered and analyzed. Measurements of ankle brachial index (ABI) and abdominal aortic diameter were performed by a single assessor. PAD was defined as ABI ≤ 0.9 or diabetic patients with signs and symptoms of PAD and absence of pedal pulses. AAA was defined as abdominal aortic diameter ≥ 3cm.
    RESULTS: 102 patients were recruited with mean age of 59.5 years old. Male: female ratio was 6:1. 40.2% of patients had NSTEMI; 45.1%, STEMI and 14.7%, unstable angina. Risk factors profile is as follows: hypertension- 68.6%, smoking- 56.9%, hypercholesterolemia- 52.9%, diabetes mellitus- 35.3% and history of stroke- 5.9%. Median ABI was 1.1 with lowest reading of 0.4. Mean abdominal aortic size was 2.0cm with largest diameter of 3.3cm. PAD was present in 24.5% of patients and AAA in 2.0%. 68.0% of patients with PAD were asymptomatic. Smoking and age more than 60 years were independent predictors for PAD among ACS patients.
    CONCLUSIONS: PAD is strongly correlated with CAD with old age and smoker as independent predictors. However, association between AAA and ACS could not be established.
    Study site: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  17. Arokiasamy JT, Chen PCY
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Jun;34(4):336-42.
    PMID: 7219259
    Disease patterns among outpatients seen at static and travelling dispensaries, as well as among hospital admissions and hospital deaths are compared between 1959 and 1974. While disease patterns of patients seen by travelling dispensaries show no change, patients seen by static dispensaries and hospital admissions in 1974 show a marked relative decline in infective and parasitic diseases and an increase in accidents, poisonings and violence. Causes of death in hospitals in 1974 were different, there being relative increases in diseases of early infancy, diseases of circulatory system, neoplasms, and accidents, poisonings, violence while infective and parasitic diseases, and diseases of the digestive system declined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  18. Abdul Kadir A, Mohammad Daud MN, Yaacob MJ, Nik Hussain NH
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in early postnatal period and its relationship with obstetric risk factors. Material and Methodology: This is a cross sectional study involving 293 women from postnatal ward Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Malaysia. They were screened for depression at day 1 to day 5 postpartum and 4 to 6 weeks postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). At the first visit, the women completed questionnaires on socio-demography and obstetric risk factors and Brief Patient Health Questionnaire (BPHQ-9). At the second visit which is 4-6 weeks postpartum, they only completed EPDS. Results: Two hundred and ninety-three women successfully completed the study (100% response rates). The prevalence of PND at 4-6 weeks postpartum using the EPDS score of 12 or more was 27.3%. Women with the history of abortion (p < 0.05) and early postnatal depression (p < 0.05) was significantly associated with PND. Conclusion: Postnatal depression among women in Hospital USM was more common compared to previously reported series in Malaysia. Women with the history of abortion and early postnatal depression were significantly associated with PND. © 2009 Japan International Cultural Exchange Foundation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  19. Lai CK, Tay KT, Abdullah R
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):233-235.
    PMID: 33742634
    In recognising the palliative care (PC) needs globally and in Malaysia, services were developed to serve the rural area of Kuala Lipis, Pahang. This communication describes the initial a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, stages of development towards achieving a successful implementation. PC services were led by Kuala Lipis district hospital include inpatient referrals, outpatient and community care through home visits. These services involve multi-disciplinary team inclusive of representatives from health clinics and allied health. Referrals and opioid usage have demonstrated an increasing trend since its implementation in October 2018. Implementation of rural PC services is feasible; however, long-term sustainability needs to addressed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
  20. Haydar, A.
    MyJurnal
    Candida organisms are opportunistic fungal pathogens that have become a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. We investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with candidaemia caused by Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida spp at HUSM. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all hospitalized patients with candidaemia from January 2010 till December 2014 based on inpatient hospital records and laboratory data. Results: A total of 134 patients with candidaemia were enrolled. Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida spp were responsible for 20% (27/134) and 80% (107/134) of candidaemia cases, respectively. Hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, surgical conditions, or concomitant septicaemia and those who received instrumentations such as CVC or CBD, and those admitted under medical settings were prone to develop candidaemia caused by either C. albicans or non-albicans Candida spp. All isolates were susceptible to Fluconazole except for C. krusei isolates. All-cause mortality within 30 days post diagnosis of candidaemia was 59%. Factors associated with mortality were solid tumor (p =0.014), surgical illness (p=0.128), central venous catheterization (p= 0.096) and leucocytosis (p=0.116). Only solid tumor was an independent contributory factor for mortality among patients with C. albicans candidaemia in the multivariate analyses (OR 5.09, 95% CI 1.38,18.74, p=0.014). Conclusions: The patients’ clinical characteristics were fairly comparable between Candida albicans and non-albicans candidaemia. The changing epidemiology of candidaemia at this centre was in fact alarming. The outcome associated with candidaemia was poor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inpatients
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