Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 1140 in total

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  1. Stephens GA
    Lancet, 1931;218:1295.
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)99682-X
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  2. Than, M., Thwin, S.S., Wai, M.M., MPhil, T. Yesmin, F. Zaini, Jaafar, K.A.M., et al.
    MyJurnal
    Human nose can be found in many shapes and sizes. Racial, ethnic and environmental influences can result in different appearances of the nose. Nasal parameters such as nasal height, nasal width and nasal index were investigated in the Malay population, using convenient sampling methods. Study sample consisted of 80 young Malay adults (40 males, 40 females) aged 19-30 years. The mean + SD values of nasal height of Malay male and female were 52.2 + 5.3 and 50.4 + 9.7 respectively. The mean + SD values of nasal width of Malay male and female were 39.7 + 3.0 and 36.7 + 3.2 respectively. Mean nasal indices in male and female were 76.66 and 74.55 respectively. The predominant nose type in Malay was found to be of mesorrhine type (medium nose) in both male (67.5%) and female (70%). These findings were comparable with studies done in other Asian races such as Malaysian Indian, Chinese and other Indians. The findings of this study may contribute to satisfactory outcomes in cosmetic and reconstructive rhinoplastic surgery, anthropology, and forensic medicine in the Malay population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  3. Kumar S, Talib A, Gul YA
    Occult mucosal prolapse syndrome, also known as the solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is uncommon. Due to its rarity, a misdiagnosis of rectal cancer is occasionally made as the clinical features may closely mimic those of rectal malignancy. We hereby report a case of SRUS in an elderly Malay gentleman who had primary symptoms of rectal bleeding with associated anaemia and anorectal pain. Even though the clinical features and specific investigations suggested the presence of rectal cancer, preoperative histological analysis failed to confirm this. In view of the intractable symptoms and rectal bleeding, a low anterior resection was performed. A detailed examination of the resected specimen intraoperatively, together with the histological report and awareness of this condition avoided the performance of an abdomino-perineal resection. Incidently coexisting malrotation of the sigmoid colon to the right side was discovered during surgery. This finding, which may be coincidental, has not been reported thus far in the medical literature. The patient's symptoms improved postoperatively with a subsequent uneventful recovery. A brief literature review supplements this case report.
    Keywords: Mucosal prolapse syndrome, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, rectal cancer
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  4. Sinha KC
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  5. Sinnadurai C
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  6. Leow SN, Tang WS
    Malays Fam Physician, 2019;14(3):65-67.
    PMID: 32175043
    Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency, and adrenaline is the mainstay treatment for this condition. However, there have been a few reported cases of patients experiencing cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction and coronary vasospasm, after its use. We highlight such a case in a young, healthy patient and the important differentials to consider.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  7. Yee, Xing You, Suzana Shahar, Hasnah Haron, Hanis Mastura Yahya, Normah Che Din
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2019;17(3):139-148.
    MyJurnal DOI: 10.17576/JSKM-2019-16
    Ulam is fresh traditional Malaysian vegetables which normally consumed in raw form or after a short blanching process.It contains high antioxidants and polyphenols. However, there is limited study about the relationship between ulam consumption and cognitive status. Thus, a cross sectional study was conducted to determine the relation with cognitive function among 132 middle-aged Malays adults (45-59 years old), ecruited by convenient sampling from low income residences in Klang Valley. Respondents were interviewed to obtain data on sociodemography, dietary intake and total ulam intake and also measured for anthropometric parameters at respective community centres. Cognitive status was measured using Digit Span (attention and working memory), Rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT) (verbal memory) and comprehensive trail making test (CTMT) (cognitive flexibility). The average ulam intake by the respondents was 15.1 ± 8.2g/day and the top five highest consumed ulam were petai (68.1%), pucuk paku (62.9%), ulam raja (56.8%), pegaga (54.6%) and kesum (44.7%).There was a significant correlation between ulam intake with Digit Span (r = 0.265, p = 0.006), total immediate recall of RAVLT (r = 0.427, p < 0.001) and CTMT (r = 0.257, p = 0.007). Analysis of multiple regression indicated that total ulam intake was a significant predictor for Digit Span (R2 = 0.152, p < 0.05), RAVLT (R2 = 0.335, p = 0.001) and CTMT (R2 = 0.310, p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study showed that ulam has the potential to protect against cognitive decline, however, randomized control trials should be conducted to determine the efficacy of the ulam as neuroprotective agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  8. Low QJ, Ng BHS, Cheo SW
    MyJurnal
    Primary pleural melanoma is a very rare condition
    and highly aggressive tumour. A patient presented
    with productive cough, haemoptysis, pluritic chest
    pain and breathlessness. On investigation, she was
    diagnosed as left-sided lung mass with pleural
    effusion. Pleural biopsy confirmed malignant
    melanoma of pleura and she was subsequently
    referred to the oncology team for palliative
    chemotherapy. In conclusion, primary pleural
    melanoma remains a rare disease with no proven
    effective treatment regime available.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  9. Baharin J, Sahari NS, Lim SM
    Electron Physician, 2014;6(3):863-7.
    PMID: 25763159 DOI: 10.14661/2014.863-867
    Rhabdomyolysis is a serious but rare side effect of Lamivudine treatment. Therefore, appropriate biochemical monitoring should be undertaken when it is used in the treatment of hepatitis B. This paper presents a case of Lamivudine-associated rhabdomyolysis in a 31-year-old man with congenital heart disease and hepatitis B. Three days after starting Lamivudine, the patient developed myalgia. Significant muscle tenderness and swelling of the upper and lower limbs was discovered during a physical examination. Creatine kinase was markedly raised. Lamivudine-induced rhabdomyolysis was suspected and the drug was discontinued. Symptoms and creatine kinase activity improved within four days of Lamivudine cessation and hydration. Early identification of Lamivudine-induced rhabdomyolysis is key in preventing this potentially fatal drug reaction; withdrawal of Lamivudine may contribute to complete remission of rhabdomyolysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  10. Molineros JE, Chua KH, Sun C, Lian LH, Motghare P, Kim-Howard X, et al.
    Autoimmune Dis, 2014;2014:305436.
    PMID: 24696779 DOI: 10.1155/2014/305436
    Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease with strong genetic and environmental components. Our objective was to replicate 25 recently identified SLE susceptibility genes in two distinct populations (Chinese (CH) and Malays (MA)) from Malaysia. We genotyped 347 SLE cases and 356 controls (CH and MA) using the ImmunoChip array and performed an admixture corrected case-control association analysis. Associated genes were grouped into five immune-related pathways. While CH were largely homogenous, MA had three ancestry components (average 82.3% Asian, 14.5% European, and 3.2% African). Ancestry proportions were significantly different between cases and controls in MA. We identified 22 genes with at least one associated SNP (P < 0.05). The strongest signal was at HLA-DRA (P Meta = 9.96 × 10(-9); P CH = 6.57 × 10(-8), P MA = 6.73 × 10(-3)); the strongest non-HLA signal occurred at STAT4 (P Meta = 1.67 × 10(-7); P CH = 2.88 × 10(-6), P MA = 2.99 × 10(-3)). Most of these genes were associated with B- and T-cell function and signaling pathways. Our exploratory study using high-density fine-mapping suggests that most of the established SLE genes are also associated in the major ethnicities of Malaysia. However, these novel SNPs showed stronger association in these Asian populations than with the SNPs reported in previous studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  11. Paranthaman V, Satnam K, Lim JL, Amar-Singh HS, Sararaks S, Nafiza MN, et al.
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2010 Dec;3(4):206-12.
    PMID: 23050889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2010.07.002
    Background: Psychoeducation has shown promising benefits in managing patients with schizophrenia. In Malaysia, the use of psychoeducation is rather limited and its impact indeterminate.
    Aims: To assess the effectiveness of a structured psychoeducation programme for the community in improving caregiver knowledge, decreasing caregivers’ burden, reducing patients’ readmission and defaulter follow up rates.
    Method: In a controlled interventional study, 109 caregivers were included, 54 and 55 in the intervention and control groups respectively. Caregivers were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-intervention for knowledge and burden. Patients were monitored for relapse and defaulting follow up in the clinic.
    Results: Caregivers in the intervention group showed significant improvement in knowledge, reduction in burden in assistance in daily living (severity) and a reduced defaulter rate was seen in the patients’ follow up.
    Conclusion: The findings shows that structured psychoeducation programme among caregivers has the potential to improve outcome of care for patients with schizophrenia.
    Keywords: Schizophrenia; Psychoeducation; Community; Caregiver Questionnaire: Family Burden Interview Schedule–Short Form (FBIS/SF)
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  12. Sulaiman W, Toib A, Chandrashekhar G, Arshad A
    Oman Med J, 2009 Oct;24(4):260-06.
    PMID: 22216379 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2009.53
    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the trends of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
    METHODS: Patients who fulfilled the ACR criteria for RA from 1995 to 2006 and who attended the Rheumatology clinic at Ipoh Hospital were selected and their records were evaluated to determine the changing trends in the use of DMARDs.
    RESULTS: 128 patients with RA were identified. The most commonly prescribed DMARD as monotherapy was sulphasalazine (47.7%), followed by methotrexate (35.9%) and hydroxychloroquine. Methotrexate and sulphasalazine were the most frequently prescribed DMARDs, of which the use of methotrexate has increased 6 folds from 1997 to 2007 and the use of sulphasalazine remains around 30% to 50%. The combination of methotrexate with leflunomide has significantly increased in usage by 4 folds during the study period whilst methotrexate with sulphasalazine combination usage had slightly declined.
    CONCLUSION: DMARDs are still the cornerstone in the treatment of RA. Changes in the trend and aggressive use of DMARDs has been markedly influenced by the patient's awareness of early treatment, the incapacitating damage, availability of recently introduced leflunomide and the advancement of current recommended treatment protocol.
    Study site: Rheumatology clinic, Hospital Raja, Parmaisuri Bainum (HRBP), Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  13. Shahrir M, Halim A, Zainudin S, Mohamad R, Yuen LC, Saidin R, et al.
    J Med Case Rep, 2010;4:97.
    PMID: 20338049 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-4-97
    Germ cell tumor of the pituitary gland is a very rare occurrence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  14. Packiriswamy V, Kumar P, Rao M
    N Am J Med Sci, 2012 Dec;4(12):624-9.
    PMID: 23272303 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.104312
    The "golden ratio" is considered as a universal facial aesthetical standard. Researcher's opinion that deviation from golden ratio can result in development of facial abnormalities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  15. Siti Salwa MS, Anas R, Nor Hidayah AB
    Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):79-80.
    PMID: 23466776
    Pericardial cysts occur rarely, with an incidence rate of 1 per 100,000. They are usually detected by chance and clinically silent in most cases. Pericardial cysts are the most common benign tumours of the pericardium and presents by the third or fourth decade of life, and equally common in males and females. In principle, they only require follow-up, however, an enlarging or symptomatic cyst requires surgical removal. We report a case of a 32 year-old Malay lady, who presented with history of recurrent pericardial effusion followed by right pleural effusion. Computed tomography (CT) thorax identified a large mediastinal cyst as the cause of her problem, requiring exploratory thoracotomy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  16. Kumarappan AL, Karthikeyan M, Gunaseelan D, Ros'aini P
    Med J Malaysia, 2015 Oct;70(5):312-3.
    PMID: 26556122 MyJurnal
    Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is common choice for contraception. Migration of IUCD is one of the complications that are encountered. Here we report a case of IUCD migration to the sigmoid colon. A 39-year-old Malay lady carrying a copper T type of IUCD presented with missing thread then underwent examination under anaesthesia, proceeded to hysteroscopy but failed removal. Abdominal ultrasound detected it in the left lower quadrant of abdomen. She then underwent diagnostic laparoscopy where the device was found to be embedded in the sigmoid colon. Technical difficulty necessitated conversion to mini laparotomy and sigmoidotomy to remove the IUCD and the bowel closed primarily. IUCD is a relatively simple and safe contraceptive procedure but possible complications are bleeding and pain that usually co-exist, pelvic infection, expulsion and perforation. Investigations should be based on clinical suspicion and migrated IUCD in symptomatic patients should be surgically removed whereas, asymptomatic patients can be managed conservatively under certain circumstances. However in the presence of a concurrent pathology that requires exploration then retrieval of the migrated IUCD should be undertaken.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  17. Abass MA, Said NS, Zahed ES, Hussein WF, Hamid OI
    Electron Physician, 2015 Dec;7(8):1638-43.
    PMID: 26816591 DOI: 10.19082/1638
    INTRODUCTION: Effective communication in a clinical environment plays a vital role in patient assessment and treatment. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences of Malaysian medical students concerning communication barriers during clinical practice. The goal was to provide answers for three important research questions, i.e., 1) Are communication barriers an impediment to Malaysian students during clinical teaching? 2) What is the nature of the language barriers that the students encounter? and 3) What are the best ways of reducing these barriers during clinical teaching?
    METHODS: The qualitative method was used to conduct the research, and open-ended questionnaires were used to collect the data. The study was conducted on 95 fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-year students, 80% of whom completed the study.
    RESULTS: Medical students from Malaysia who have limited knowledge of the Arabic language experience some difficulties in communicating with staff members, patients, and nurses during their clinical practices.
    CONCLUSION: Successful orientation of students to the language used in the clinical environment will help the students overcome the communication barriers they encounter during their clinical practices.
    KEYWORDS: Arabic language; Malaysia; clinical environment; communication barriers; medical students
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  18. Bartholomew RE
    J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1995 Mar;183(3):184-6.
    PMID: 7891068
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
  19. Azian M, Goh KL
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Dec;48(4):443-5.
    PMID: 8183170
    We report a case of idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) in association with autoimmune thyroiditis occurring in a 39 year old woman. Ultrasonography revealed a normal liver echotexture. Spleno-portogram confirmed portal hypertension and liver biopsy showed features in keeping with IPH. She was also found to be biochemically hypothyroid with markedly elevated thyroid autoantibodies. These findings may suggest an autoimmune link in the pathogenesis of IPH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology
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