Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 183 in total

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  1. Prevalence of mental health problems in women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Rahmanian P, Munawar K, Mukhtar F, Choudhry FR
    Arch Womens Ment Health, 2021 06;24(3):339-351.
    PMID: 33000343 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01070-8
    While some studies suggest different mental health outcomes among women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages, no published systematic review or meta-analysis has analyzed the relevant research literature. This article aims to review the evidence of marriage types (i.e., polygamous and monogamous marriages) and differences in the prevalence of mental health issues. Eleven electronic databases, along with further identified references lists, were searched. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. They included 3166 participants, and 986 women were in a polygamous marriage. All studies were rated for quality and were tested for publication bias. Meta-analyses were conducted on the five symptoms to assess for the effect of marriage type. The studies indicate a significant association of marriage type with psychological symptoms. The meta-analysis indicates that women in polygamous marriage had worsened mental health as compared with women in monogamous marriages. The weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were somatization 0.53, 0.44-0.63; obsession-compulsion 0.35, 0.14-0.56; interpersonal sensitivity 0.42, 0.12-0.73; depression 0.41, 0.15-0.67; anxiety 0.41, 0.15-0.68; hostility = 0.47, 0.28-0.66; phobic anxiety 0.39, 0.17-0.61; paranoid ideation 0.35, 0.24-0.47; psychoticism 0.41, 0.23, 0.59; and Global Severity Index (GSI) 0.43, 0.25-0.60. A higher self-esteem and life satisfaction among women in polygamous marriages and statistically superior family functioning among women in monogamous marriages were also found. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the marital satisfaction of women in polygamous versus monogamous marriages. Results are consistent with the existing research on the prevalence of mental health issues among women in polygamous marriages. Nonetheless, these women were found to have elevated self-esteem and life satisfaction than women in monogamous marriages. Directions for future research are indicated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  2. Religious Commitment and its Relation to Happiness among Muslim Students: The Educational Level as Moderator
    Achour M, Mohd Nor MR, Amel B, Bin Seman HM, MohdYusoff MYZ
    J Relig Health, 2017 Oct;56(5):1870-1889.
    PMID: 28160189 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0361-9
    This study examines the relationship between religiosity and level of happiness in an Islamic context among Muslim students studying at Malaysian universities. The determinants of happiness included in this research are positive attitudes, self-esteem, and other-esteem. Religiosity has long been considered as the main determinant in increasing happiness, and educational level strengthens its relationship. For this purpose, the researchers sampled 230 Muslim students aged 17-40 years studying at Malaysian universities in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The study found a positive and significant correlation between religious commitment and level of happiness. Religious commitment also shows positive and significant correlations with positive attitudes, self-esteem, and other-esteem. The study also concludes that educational attainment moderates the relationship between religious commitment and happiness. Thus, religious commitment plays a very important role in increasing levels of happiness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  3. Utilizing “traders” board game to improve entrepreneurship factors among teenagers: a qualitative study
    Kususanto P
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2015;olume 29:43-60.
    A board game has been designed in order to improve entrepreneurship among teenagers. This paper discusses about the development of the game and a preliminary study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a playing the board game in improving elements of entrepreneurship among the participants. Because entrepreneurship skill can be defined as skills in pursuing opportunities, a success in entrepreneurship is defined as success in pursuing opportunities, both Kirnzerian (discovery, exploitation) and Schumpeterian (creation, innovation) type. Features in the game is designed to represent the following psychological traits that literature suggested as elements of successful opportunity pursuing namely (1) self-esteem, (2) competitiveness, (3) resilience, (4) self-efficacy, (5) practical intelligence and (6) experience. In the preliminary study, a group of participants between 11 to 15 years old played the game twice a week for four weeks, where their behavior are observed during the game, and the collected data is analyzed in two cycles, namely in vivo and thematic analyses. At the moment this abstract is written, the participants had only been played twice; however some qualitative improvement can be seen in terms of competitiveness, resilience, and practical intelligence. It is suggested that the research be done on larger samples, conducted in mixed methods, and the game to be introduced to public in order to arouse entrepreneurship in early ages.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  4. Fulltext Isu dan cabaran pelajar kurang upaya penglihatan di institusi pengajian tinggi
    Raja Nur Fakhriah Raja Zainal B, Aizan Sofia A
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2018;32:131-145.
    Education is one of the most important aspects for every individual including people with visual impairments. Visually impaired students also have the right to a good educational opportunity to higher education. In this regard, this article explores the issues and challenges of visually impaired students in higher learning institution. This study uses a full qualitative approach, a case study in the Klang Valley. In-depth interviews were used in data collection involving 5 students with visual impairment: four males and one female. The findings showed that among the major issues faced by visually impaired students pursuing higher education in tertiary institution were self-esteem, financial and public stigma. In addition, visually impaired students also faced challenges in accessibility, peer-to-peer acceptance and difficulties in learning at the university. In conclusion, this study emphasises on issues and challenges often faced by students with visual impairments at higher learning institution so that appropriate supports and facilities can be effectively provided by the university.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  5. Disciplinary problems among high achiever students: the types and the causes
    Hairul NI, Kususanto P
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2015;olume 29:93-105.
    This qualitative study has been done to 24 teachers and 72 students from various secondary schools in Penang, Malaysia, related to the effect of between class ability grouping (BCAG). Studies reported that BCAG triggered correspondence bias among teachers, which eventually affect them to show different perception and expectations towards high achiever classes (HAC) and low achiever classes (LAC) students. However, even teachers tend to expect HAC students not to be significantly involved in disciplinary problems; they still do, such as distrusting schoolteachers, paying less attention to in the classroom, doing external work during classes at school, and being blatantly arrogant to the teachers. Semi-structured interview have been utilized in order to collect the data, and two-cycled analyses method, namely In-Vivo and Thematic Analyses has been operated in order to analyze the massive amount of qualitative data. Findings of this study showed that the disciplinary problems among HAC are related to their self-esteem types due to locus of control difference, as well as bigger issues apart from the competition among themselves. School management system, BCAG itself, and reciprocal envy between HAC and LAC students, as well as their inclination towards tuition centers contributed to disciplinary problems among HAC students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  6. Validation of the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ) in Malaysia
    Jaafar MH, Villiers-Tuthill A, Sim SH, Lim MA, Morgan K
    Aging Ment Health, 2020 04;24(4):620-626.
    PMID: 30596467 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1550631
    Objectives: The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ) has five domains that explore views about own ageing. The aim of this study was to validate the B-APQ for use among older adults in Malaysia and to explore socio-demographic variations in ageing self-perceptions.Method: Older adults aged 50 years and above were randomly selected to complete a set of questionnaires. Cronbach's α was used to measure internal consistency, while corrected item-total correlations and correlation with DASS-21 and the CASP-19 scores were employed to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to confirm the factorial structure of the B-APQ. Difference in self-perceptions of ageing across socio-demographic variables was assessed.Results: Internal consistency for each of the domains was good. Item-total correlations within each domain were strong (>0.6) or very strong (>0.8). Convergent and discriminant validity were supported by significant correlations with DASS-21 depression and CASP-19 scores. CFA results indicated good model fit with the original B-APQ model. Presence of chronic illness also has a significant impact on B-APQ domain scores.Conclusion: The B-APQ is a valid and reliable instrument which can be used to assess self-perceptions of ageing among older Malaysian adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  7. Fulltext Is there evidence for the impact of poor oral health on school performance?
    Quadri MFA, Ahmad B
    BMC Oral Health, 2019 07 11;19(1):143.
    PMID: 31296203 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0822-5
    As part of our study, we reviewed the report published in BMC-Oral Health, titled "An assessment of the impacts of child oral health in Indonesia and associations with self-esteem, school performance and perceived employability" by Maharani et.al, 2017. We noted a plausible error in the interpretation of results in the report and re-examined the published data. Contradictory to the published report, our analysis showed no evidence for the relationship between toothache and poor school performance. Significant relationship was only found between plaque accumulation and school performance. We argued that the error may have originated from an unclear objective and misclassification of school performance variable before applying statistical test to address the objective of this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  8. Fulltext Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Adult Orang Asli in Jelebu, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Othman WMN, Ithnin M, Wan Abdul Aziz WNA, Wan Ali WNS, Ramli H
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2021 01 30;11(1):33-40.
    PMID: 33688471 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_336_20
    Aims: This study aimed at exploring the self-perception of Orang Asli (OA) from the Temuan tribe in Jelebu by using the Global Self-rated Oral Health (GSROH) and General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI).

    Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving a two-stage sampling to select the district and villages. A total of 325 participants were selected based on convenience sampling.

    Results: Almost half of the participants rated their oral health as poor or average. The mean GOHAI score was 52.96 (±7.749), ranging from 29 to 60. The GOHAI score was statistically significantly lower for female gender (P = 0.025), lower education level (P = 0.001), and elderly (P = 0.001). The GSROH score was also statistically significant with GOHAI score (P = 0.001).

    Conclusions: A limited number of studies were conducted in this area, particularly in the vulnerable population of OA. Our study found that half of the OA living in the fringe had a poor GOHAI score. It is, therefore, suggested that potential study and intervention programs concentrate on the low GOHAI score group; the male, lower educational context, and the elderly.

    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  9. Fulltext Innovative Self-Confidence Webinar Intervention for Depression in the Workplace: A Focus Group Study and Systematic Development
    Wan Mohd Yunus WMA, Musiat P, Brown JSL
    Behav Sci (Basel), 2020 Dec 16;10(12).
    PMID: 33339086 DOI: 10.3390/bs10120193
    Brief face-to-face self-confidence workshops were effective in reducing depression among the public. Technological advances have enabled traditional face-to-face interventions to be adapted using unique technology-mediated platforms. This article details the formative development of a self-confidence web-based seminar (webinar) intervention for workplace depression. The first section discusses a qualitative study that explores the feasibility and acceptability of adapting the self-confidence workshops into a webinar platform on employees in the workplace. The second section describes the systematic development of this new webinar intervention informed by the qualitative study findings, a published systematic review, and previous face-to-face self-confidence workshops. The qualitative study involves three focus groups (n = 10) conducted in a small organization. Three themes were identified relevant to the running of the new self-confidence webinars in the workplace: personal (content, time and duration preference, features of the webinar, individual participation, personalization), interpersonal (stigma from others, engagement with participants/presenter, moderated interaction), and organizational (endorsement from management, work demand). For the intervention development, the format, structure, features, and content of the self-confidence webinar intervention are described. Features such as file sharing, virtual whiteboard, live chat, and poll are explained with the intervention primarily based on cognitive behavior therapy and coping flexibility concepts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  10. Association Between Self-Esteem and Happiness Among Adolescents in Malaysia: The Mediating Role of Motivation
    Yap CC, Mohamad Som RB, Sum XY, Tan SA, Yee KW
    Psychol Rep, 2021 Mar 31.
    PMID: 33789536 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211005124
    Adolescence is the developmental process of becoming an adult. This journey of physical and psychological maturation is filled with challenges and hormonal chaos, and teenagers experience unhappiness at times. From a psychological perspective, this study aimed to examine the association between motivation, self-esteem and happiness; and to explore the mediating role of motivation in the association between self-esteem and happiness among adolescents in Malaysia. 480 secondary school students were recruited using a multistage cluster sampling method and answered the Malay versions of the Subjective Happiness, Brief Motivation and Rosenberg Self-esteem scales. Both self-esteem and motivation were found positively correlated to happiness. The hypothetical mediating role of motivation on the association between self-esteem and happiness was also supported, indicating that individuals with higher self-esteem have higher motivation which may result in greater happiness. Since the direct association between self-esteem and happiness remained significant, a partial mediation of adolescents' motivation between self-esteem and happiness is indicated. The results showed that perceived self-esteem plays a role in predicting happiness and the presence of motivation enhances happiness, providing an insight to nurture happier adolescents for parents and educators in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  11. Fulltext Concept of professional socialization in nursing
    Pei, Kuan Lai, Pek, Hong Lim
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(1):31-35.
    MyJurnal
    Each nursing student comes to nursing with a lay image of nursing portrayed by nurses they have seen. This lay perception of nursing that a nursing student holds is transformed to a more professional understanding that is acquired in nursing schools. This process is known as professional socialization. It is a process of learning the norms, attitudes, behaviours, skills, roles, and values of the profession. It involves the internalization of the values and norms of the profession in the individual’s own behaviour and self-concept. The ultimate goal of professional socialization is to internalize a professional identity of the profession. Professional socialization sets in to reduce the tension from the scenario of reality shock and facilitate adaptation during the transition process. This paper serves as a concept paper with the main purpose of introducing and explaining the concept of professional socialization in nursing to help the readers in gaining further understanding of the concept, especially within the local context. The first author has also incorporated her own personal reflections with regards to her socialization process to nursing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  12. Fulltext Self-esteem and anorectic eating concerns among female university students in Malaysia
    Talwar, P.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;21(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Self-esteem is a person’s appraisal of his own worth, significance, attractiveness, and competence. Low self-esteem could also lead to social, health and psychological problems including eating disorders. Eating disorder is when a person uses measures such as dieting, restricting intake of food or purging to control his or her body weight. Objective: The current study explores the relationship between self-esteem and anorectic eating concerns among female university students in Malaysia. Method: 217 female university students were studied, using Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale (SE-10) and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40). Results: Students with low self esteem had higher anorectic eating concerns. Race of the student had no significance in predicting eating disorder. Age plays an important role in eating disorder. Young students with low self-esteem are more vulnerable to anorectic eating concerns than older students. Conclusion: It was found that there exists an inverse but low correlation between the two variables self esteem and anorectic eating concerns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  13. Fulltext Self Esteem Amongst Young Adults: The Effect of Gender, Social Support and Personality
    Teoh, H.J., Nur Afiqah, R.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;19(2):1-9.
    MyJurnal
    A total of 200 university students were surveyed to ascertain if gender, personality traits and social support were associated with self-esteem. There were equal numbers of males and females in the study, with controls for living and education status. The results showed that gender was not significantly associated with self-esteem. Whilst all the personality and social support factors were found to be associated with levels of self-esteem, only extraversion, openness to new experiences, conscientiousness, emotional stability and total amount of social support were found to predict self-esteem. Recommendations are made for early identification and interventions for populations at risk of low self-esteem based on the findings of the study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  14. Fulltext Psychological Distress Among Infertile Women: Exploring Biopsychosocial Response To Infertility
    Zuraida, A.S.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;19(2):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    Previous studies have shown that the experience of infertility is linked with psychological responses such as depression, anxiety, guilt, social isolation, and decreased self-esteem in both men and women. The prevalence of depression among infertile women ranges from 8% to 54%. Treating gynecologists and healthcare professionals seldom recognized the psychosocial distress in women undergoing fertility treatment. Therefore this paper reviewed the bio-psychosocial response towards infertility among women with infertility.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  15. Fulltext Review of elderly driver visual perception simulation system for vehicle design
    Ghazilla, R. A. R., Yap, H. J.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2016;16(20):113-120.
    MyJurnal
    The number of people above 60 years of age will increases due to the growth of the population in the first half of the 21st century, particularly in Malaysia. This has led to the growing number of older drivers which is often unavoidable as driving is a necessary task that not only achieves mobility but also shows a sign of independence and improves self-esteem, which are essential towards effecting the lifestyle. This paper briefly looks at common elderly related visual impairment, reviews design approaches and tools that tackle or include these issues in the design process and further outlines new research needs. It is the intention of this paper to steer the research direction of the development of future design approach and tools that would enhance the capabilities of designers to be well prepared to cater for inclusive design for the elderly, more specifically for visual impairments issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  16. Fulltext A Study of House Officers in a Teaching Hospital on Knowledge, Perception of Skills and Confidence Level in
    Ismail Mohd Saiboon, Noraliza Mohd Ariffin, Teodoro Javier Herbosa, Ahmad Khaldun Ismail, Nariman Singmamae, Shamsuriani Md Jamal, et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2007;2(2):110-116.
    MyJurnal
    Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is important and should be mastered by House Officers (HO). House officers who have just completed their studies are assigned to acute medical and surgical wards. If a patient in the ward has a cardiac arrest (CA), these doctors are usually the first to attend.  Therefore an HO must be confident with CPR skills. They must be competent in performing CPR. The authors assessed 26 new HOs from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Hospital (HUKM) with respect to their self-perception about CPR skills, confidence level in performing CPR and knowledge in performing CPR. Knowledge was assessed by a questionnaire. We found that 16 of 26 (61.5%) assessed themselves to have inadequate knowledge and 46.2% had no confidence in performing CPR. The mean score of the written test was 5.7 ± 1.8. Seven out of 26 (27.0%) HOs had incorrect hand placement position for CPR. Only 4 and 9 out of 26 HOs had their sternal paddle and cardiac apex paddle positions correctly placed respectively. In conclusion, knowledge, perception of skills and confidence levels of HOs on CPR are inadequate and need further assessment and improvement. Medical schools need to review their CPR curriculum in order to prepare HOs adequately to work in emergency situations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  17. Fulltext The level of self-esteem among novice physical educations teachers
    Che Hasan Sabri TH, Muhamad TA
    Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 2016;5(1):65-76.
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to identify whether a novice teachers have a self-esteem while teaching physical education. This study access the level of self-esteem among novice teachers between gender and option teachers teach in physical education. This study is a quantitative research survey and this study design is selected using questionnaires based on Rosenberg self-esteem scale for collecting data. 30 novice physical education teachers have been selected from one of the schools in the district of Sepang, Selangor. 15 males and 15 female teachers were randomly selected from the target group. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 for frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation and independent sample t-test to measure the level of self-esteem of teachers with the dependent variable. The study found that there was no significant difference between the level of self-esteem between genders. While in terms of options, there are significant differences in the level of self-esteem for non-option physical education teachers. The self-esteem level among novice teachers are very important to enhance the quality of learning, especially in the subjects of physical education.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  18. Fulltext Teachers' burnout: A SEM analysis in an Asian context
    Prasojo LD, Habibi A, Mohd Yaakob MF, Pratama R, Yusof MR, Mukminin A, et al.
    Heliyon, 2020 Jan;6(1):e03144.
    PMID: 31938746 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03144
    Researchers in educational psychology have researched Teacher Self-Concept (TSC) and Teacher Efficacy (TE) as two main predictors predicting burnout. Guided by a model developed by Zhu, Liu, Fu, Yang, Zhang & Shi (2018), the researchers aimed at building a model involving TSC, TE, and three components of burnout; Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Reduced Personal Accomplishment (RPA) through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The researchers investigated predicting factors of burnout by reporting TSC and TE that might directly affect the components and examine the probability of TE to become a mediator of the correlation between TSC and burnout. This research also examined whether the difference emerges constantly among demographic information (gender and teaching experience) regarding all involved variables. A sample of 876 teachers across three Indonesian provinces completed a printed form of questionnaires. Some statistical procedures namely Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM), and t-test were conducted. Findings informed that the model is valid and reliable. TSC could directly affect EE, DE, and RPA, as well as indirectly influence them mediated by TE. Besides, TE is also reported to have significant relationships with EE, DE, and RPA. No significant differences in terms of age and teaching experiences emerge, except for EE.
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  19. Fulltext Data relating to factors affecting teachers' burnout: A sem analysis in an Asian context
    Prasojo LD, Habibi A, Yaakob MFM, Pratama R, Yusof MR, Mukminin A, et al.
    Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105448.
    PMID: 32309526 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105448
    The dataset presents the relationship between Teacher Self-Concept (TSC) and Teacher Efficacy (TE) as the predictors predicting burnout. Three components of burnout involved are Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Reduced Personal Accomplishment (RPA). Various statistical approaches such as Content Validity Index (CVI), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) were addressed. Eight hundred seventy six Indonesian teachers form 3 provinces were willing to get involved by filling in the instrument. The data can be used for the educational institutions and centers to issue policies overcoming burnout among teachers, teachers to understand factors affecting their burnout, and future researchers extend the model offered by this dataset. This dataset is co-submitted from Heliyon entitled "Teachers' burnout: A SEM analysis in an Asian context" [1].
    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
  20. Fulltext The Effectiveness of a Web-Based Health Education Tool, WESIHAT 2.0, among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Vanoh D, Shahar S, Razali R, Ali NM, Manaf ZA, Mohd Noah SA, et al.
    J Alzheimers Dis, 2019;70(s1):S255-S270.
    PMID: 31256116 DOI: 10.3233/JAD-180464
    BACKGROUND: Intervention strategies, especially online based approaches, are considered to be beneficial in improving the health of the senior. The effectiveness of such approaches is yet to be determined.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the web-based application, WESIHAT 2.0©, for improving cognitive function, physical fitness, biochemical indices, and psychosocial variables among older adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The cost analysis of WESIHAT 2.0© was also determined.

    METHOD: The study utilized a two-arm randomized controlled trial with 25 subjects in each of the intervention and control groups. The participants chosen for the study included those who were 60 years and above with at least secondary education and had internet access using a computer at home. The intervention group was exposed to the website (30 minutes per day, 4 days per week) for six months, while the control group was given health education pamphlets. Activity-Based Costing method was used to determine the cost saved using WESIHAT 2.0© as compared to using the pamphlet.

    RESULTS: Significant intervention effects were observed for self-perception of disability and informational support scores. WESIHAT 2.0© was able to save costs in improving the self-perception of disability score and the informational support score at MYR 6.92 and MYR 13.52, respectively, compared to the conventional method.

    CONCLUSION: WESIHAT 2.0© was able to save costs in improving the self-perceived disability and informational support scores for the intervention group.

    Matched MeSH terms: Self Concept
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