Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 730 in total

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  1. Yaacob I, Harun MH
    PMID: 7825029
    A questionnaire survey to study the smoking habits and attitudes toward smoking among secondary school teachers in Kelantan, Malaysia was conducted between July and September 1992. Questionnaires were sent to 5,112 teachers through their respective headmasters. Sixty-three percent (3,208 teachers; 61% males, 39% females) responded satisfactorily. Overall, 625 teachers (20%) were current smokers, 141 (4%) were occasional smokers, 317 (10%) were ex-smokers and 2,123 (67%) had never smoked. Only six (0.8%) of the 766 regular and occasional smokers were females. The rates of smoking among parents and siblings of smokers were higher than parents and siblings of non-smokers. Seventy-four percent of the smoking teachers admitted to smoking in the school premises. The teachers' attitudes about the health effects of smoking were statistically different between smokers and non-smokers. However, both smoking and non-smoking teachers had similar views regarding methods to control the smoking habit which included banning cigarette sales, putting a halt to the tobacco industry and banning cigarette advertisements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/epidemiology*; Smoking/prevention & control; Smoking/psychology*; Smoking Cessation/methods; Smoking Cessation/psychology
  2. Ahluwalia IB, Tripp AL, Dean AK, Mbulo L, Arrazola RA, Twentyman E, et al.
    Am J Prev Med, 2021 03;60(3 Suppl 2):S128-S135.
    PMID: 33663700 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.04.029
    INTRODUCTION: About 80% of the 1.1 billion people who smoke tobacco worldwide reside in low- and middle-income countries. Evidence-based approaches to promote cessation include brief advice from health professionals and referrals through quitlines. This study assesses cessation behaviors and the use of cessation services in the past 12 months among current tobacco smokers in 31 countries who attempted to quit.

    METHODS: Data came from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, a household-based survey of non-institutionalized adults aged ≥15 years. Surveys were conducted in 31 countries during 2008-2018; sample sizes ranged from 4,250 (Malaysia) to 74,037 (India), and response rates ranged from 64.4% (Ukraine) to 98.5% (Qatar). In 2019, data from the 31 countries were assessed in June 2019, and indicators included self-reported current (daily or less than daily) tobacco smoking, past-year quit attempts, and cessation methods used in the past 12 months.

    RESULTS: Current tobacco smoking prevalence ranged from 3.7% (Ethiopia) to 38.2% (Greece). Overall, an estimated 176.8 million adults from the 31 countries made a quit attempt in the past 12 months, with country-level prevalence ranging from 16.4% (Greece) to 54.7% (Botswana). Most individuals who made a quit attempt did so without assistance (median=74.4%). Other methods were less prevalent, including quitlines (median=0.2%) and counseling (median=7.2%).

    CONCLUSIONS: In the assessed countries, the majority of those who currently smoked tobacco and made a quit attempt did so without assistance; very few reported using quitlines, partly because of the lack of quitlines in some countries. In resource-limited settings, quitlines can play a greater role in helping people quit smoking as part of a comprehensive approach.

    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking; Smoking Cessation*
  3. Nordin AS, Bullen C
    Tob Control, 2014 Jan;23(1):4-5.
    PMID: 24479154
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/prevention & control*; Smoking Cessation*
  4. Fathelrahman AI, Omar M, Awang R, Cummings KM, Borland R, Bin Mohd Samin AS
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2010 11;7(11):4089-99.
    PMID: 21139879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7114089
    The objective of this research was to compare the response of adult smokers in Malaysia to newly proposed pictorial cigarette warnings against the current text-only warnings. The study population included 140 adult male smokers who were enrolled in a randomized trial to view either the new pictorial warnings (intervention) or the old text-only warnings (control). Participants completed pre-exposure and post-exposure questionnaires that assessed their awareness of the health risks of smoking, response to the package warnings, and interest in quitting smoking. Exposure to the pictorial warnings resulted in increased awareness of the risks of smoking, stronger behavioral response to the warnings and increased interest in quitting smoking. The new warnings in Malaysia will increase smokers' knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking and have a positive effect on interest in quitting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/psychology*; Smoking Cessation*
  5. Mohammed MJ, Rakhimov IS, Shitan M, Ibrahim RW, Mohammed NF
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):S11-5.
    PMID: 26858555 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.08.015
    Smoking problem is considered as one of the hot topics for many years. In spite of overpowering facts about the dangers, smoking is still a bad habit widely spread and socially accepted. Many people start smoking during their gymnasium period. The discovery of the dangers of smoking gave a warning sign of danger for individuals. There are different statistical methods used to analyze the dangers of smoking. In this study, we apply an algebraic statistical method to analyze and classify real data using Markov basis for the independent model on the contingency table. Results show that the Markov basis based classification is able to distinguish different date elements. Moreover, we check our proposed method via information theory by utilizing the Shannon formula to illustrate which one of these alternative tables is the best in term of independent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  6. Gartner CE, Lund KE, Barendregt JJ, Mohamed Nor N, Hassan H, Vedøy TF, et al.
    Eur J Public Health, 2017 Feb 1;27(1):139-144.
    PMID: 28177432 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw180
    Norway has achieved a noteworthy reduction in smoking prevalence over the past forty years. In 2015, 13% of Norwegians aged 13-74 smoked daily and a further 9% smoked occasionally. One of the objectives of the Norwegian 2013-16 national strategy for tobacco control is to achieve a reduction in the daily smoking prevalence to < 10% by 2016. This paper aims to estimate how long it will take for Norway to achieve the 10% smoking prevalence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  7. Puttarak P, Pornpanyanukul P, Meetam T, Bunditanukul K, Chaiyakunapruk N
    Complement Ther Med, 2018 Apr;37:37-42.
    PMID: 29609935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.01.009
    BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Several randomized controlled trials have investigated Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. for smoking cessation but there remains no critical summary of overall findings. This study uses systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the efficacy and safety of V. cinerea.

    METHODS: Nine databases were searched through November 2017. Randomized controlled trials that reported the smoking cessation effect of V. cinerea were included. Data were extracted by two independent researchers. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias and JADAD score. The estimates of pooled effects were calculated as relative risk (RR) with 95% CI using a random-effects model.

    RESULTS: Five trials with 347 smokers were included. V. cinerea treatment group was significantly associated with cessation rate higher than that in the control group with no evidence of heterogeneity for both continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at week 8 with risk ratio (RR): 1.69, 95% CI [1.00, 2.86]; week 12 RR: 2.18, 95% CI [1.17, 4.04]) and 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate (PAR) (week 8 RR: 1.51, 95% CI [1.01, 2.27]; week 12 RR: 1.93, 95% CI [1.24, 2.99]) at week 8 and 12, respectively. There was no significant difference of all adverse events between the treatment and the control groups.

    CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that V. cinerea has potential efficacy for smoking cessation. Further well-design RCTs of standardized V. cinerea compared with standard treatment should be conducted to strengthen this evidence.

    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/drug therapy*; Smoking Cessation/methods*
  8. Citation: ITC Project (March 2012). ITC Malaysia National Report. Findings from Wave 1 to 4 Surveys (2005–2009). University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; and Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia

    This report presents results of Waves 1 to 4 (2005 – 2009) of the ITC Malaysia Survey – a face-to-face and telephone survey of a cohort of approximately 2,000 adult smokers and, 1,000 youth smokers and non-smokers. Waves 1 to 3 also included a cohort of 1,500 adult non-smokers. The key findings contained in this report provide evidence regarding the attitudes and behaviours of adult and youth smokers and non-smokers to assist policy makers in implementing effective tobacco control policies in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  9. Hussin S, Lai CC, Md Firdaous H, Abu Talib P
    Citation: Hussin S, Lai CC, Md Firdaous H, Abu Talib P. Smoking among teenagers in Malaysia - a socio-psychological study. Shah Alam, Selangor: Karisma Publication; 2004
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  10. ISBN: 978 92 906 1766 2
    Citation: Youth and Tobacco in the Western Pacific Region: Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2005–2014. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016

    Study name: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)
    Dataset:
    https://nccd.cdc.gov/GTSSDataSurveyResources/Ancillary/DataReports.aspx?CAID=2
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  11. Krishnan M
    Krishnan M. Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2003

    Study name: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  12. Mahmud M, Shajahan M
    Family Physician, 1995;7:28-30.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking
  13. Mat Rifin H, Jane Ling MY, Robert Lourdes TG, Saminathan TA, Rodzlan Hasani WS, Ab Majid NL, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Sep 23;19(19).
    PMID: 36231349 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912051
    Background: Small cigarette pack sizes contain less than 20 cigarette sticks in a pack. Smaller packs may suggest lower costs, increasing affordability among lower-income users, especially the younger generation, which could lead to tobacco-related diseases and economic costs, including human capital lost results from tobacco-attributable morbidity and mortality. This concern has caused many countries to ban the sale of single cigarette sticks or kiddie packs. However, small cigarette pack sizes were proposed recently to be reintroduced by the tobacco industry with an excuse to prevent consumers from buying illicit cigarettes. This would demean efforts in combating tobacco consumption based on the existing tobacco control policies to prevent minors from purchasing cigarettes. Given the competing influences of affordability and availability of tobacco on consumption and the dearth of evidence-based review on the impact of pack size on smoking, this systematic review was conducted to identify the link between kiddie packs and smoking specifically on the initiation of smoking, urge/tendency to buy cigarettes among the general population and attempt to reduce cigarette consumption and prevalence of smoking using kiddie packs among current smokers. Methods: We include all studies except for reviews, guidelines, conference papers, commentaries, editorials, or opinion pieces. A database search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science and Scopus on 27 November 2021. The results were presented in the form of narrative synthesis under four groups: initiation of smoking; urge/tendency to buy cigarettes; the prevalence of smoking, and attempt to reduce cigarette consumption. The literature search identified 1601 articles, of which 21 articles had met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of all included articles was determined using a validated 16-item quality assessment tool (QATSDD). The average quality score for all papers was 34.8%. Discussion: Given the diverse study settings of the articles and despite the challenges of the methodological quality of some articles, this review provides some evidence that kiddie packs may increase the urge/tendency to buy cigarettes and mixed evidence on the attempt to reduce cigarette consumption. This review also found some evidence that kiddie pack purchasing among teenage smokers was higher compared to adults. However, we are uncertain about the link between kiddie packs and smoking initiation. Nevertheless, since most studies were of low quality, further high-quality studies are needed to conclude about the impact of kiddie packs on smoking to assist the policymakers and stakeholders in formulating new policies and strengthening existing strategies related to the kiddie packs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/epidemiology; Smoking Cessation*
  14. Wbin-Wan-Ibrahim WA, Mirza EH, Akbar Ali SF
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2013 Jul;26(4):823-6.
    PMID: 23811465
    Heavy metals in cigarette tobacco such as iron may cause a serious damage on human health. Surveys showed that the accumulation of certain toxic heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, iron is very often due to the effect of smoking. This work involved 15 volunteers in two randomly divided groups having the habit of cigarette smoking over 15 cigarettes / day. Concentration level of iron in blood and urine before and after treatment using the herbal medicine, widely used in Europe, is analyzed. Determination of Iron concentration in blood and urine was calculated by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) according to the procedure DIN EN ISO 11885 ("E22" from April 1998). The analysis shows that the concentration of iron in blood and urine samples in both groups increased in some volunteers instead of decrease. The independent T-test shows that the mean of iron concentration in the group A and group B had no significant difference (p>0.05). The results suggested that the herbal medicine under test does not have significant influence on reduction of iron concentration levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking/metabolism*
  15. Bhutani G, Kaushal J, Gupta MC
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Dec;66(5):526-33.
    PMID: 22390122
    Smoking is a major health problem of the society as it causes a wide variety of health hazards and produces a strong addictive behavior. Various pharmacological and non pharmacological treatments have been tried for smoking cessation from time to time. Some of the pharmacological treatments have been able to achieve the status of first line and second line therapy for smoking cessation by the US Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline. Some newer and very promising drugs have come up and are in the clinical trials for establishment of their efficacy. While some other drugs have been tried from time to time but have failed to show any consistent results. Various non pharmacological therapies like behavioural therapy are also of utmost importance in this regard. This article gives a brief review and critical assessment of the existing and the emerging smoking cessation therapies.
    Non-Malaysian publication: India
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking Cessation/methods*
  16. Ibrahim MI, Magzoub NA, Maarup N
    J Clin Diagn Res, 2016 Feb;10(2):LC11-5.
    PMID: 27042488 DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/17641.7325
    INTRODUCTION: Annually, especially in poor resourced countries, significant amount of money is spent to treat chronic diseases. The money instead could be saved by spending on health promotion programs for preventing chronic diseases.
    AIM: To conduct cost-effectiveness analysis of various intervention modules in the "Smoking Cessation" program conducted in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM).
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational study design. Cost-effectiveness analysis was used to assess the costs and outcomes of the intervention. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records of all clients (n= 129) and then all the participants were followed-up for at least 6 months from the date of participation. Data were analysed descriptively using frequency (%) and mean (sd). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was carried out to test for normality. Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used at alpha level of 0.05. All analyses were done using SPSS version 19.
    RESULTS: The findings of the study showed that the majority of participants were Malays (n= 108; 83.7%), males (n= 128; 99.2%), USM's staff (n= 71; 55.0%) and within an age group of 23 years or less (n= 38; 29.5%). Among those who successfully quit were male (n= 30; 100%), Malays (n= 29; 96.7%), staff (n= 19; 63.3%), moreover, their age ranged from 35 to 56-year-old (n= 15; 50.0%). Further analysis of data showed that there were significant associations between success rate and modules of intervention, occupation, motivation factors, and frequency of counselling. Total cost of the Smoking Cessation Program was MYR 38,634.66 (during a period of 34.5 months), with a success rate equal to 29.1%. The most cost-effective module of intervention was counselling alone (CE ratio equal to MYR360.00 per 1% of success rate). The study found counselling with patch was ineffective during the study period.
    CONCLUSION: Counselling alone module was the most cost-effective in Smoking Cessation program conducted in USM, Malaysia.
    KEYWORDS: Cost-effectiveness analysis; Health promotion; Nicotine replacement therapy (NRTs); Quit smoking clinic; Smoking cessation; University setting
    Study site: Quit Smoking Clinic at the University Medical Clinic (Wellness Center), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking Cessation*
  17. Shaiful Ehsan Shalihin, Mohamad Haniki NM
    MyJurnal
    The number of active smokers in Malaysia is increasing despite the availability of stop smoking clinics and smoking cessation medications. Other than smokers’ level of motivation to quit smoking, competency of the healthcare professionals involved in providing smoking cessation intervention using evidence based guidelines needs to be considered. Hence, knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the healthcare providers in relation to existing clinical practice guidelines on smoking cessation should be assessed. In this review, we look at the factors contributing to the KAP of medical personnel on the guidelines and also the previously available assessment tool, mainly in the form of a validated questionnaire, for the purpose of applying it to the context of the Malaysian healthcare providers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking; Smoking Cessation
  18. Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin
    MyJurnal
    This article highlights the issues pertaining to psychiatry and smoking as reported in a symposium on smoking cessation in Malaysia. Methods: A report on a meeting outcome of a symposium on “Making smoking free agenda for psychiatrists in Malaysia.” Results: Smoking is still the number one public health problem and those with mental illness were at a high risk. Despite that, they are often under served in service provision by those caring for them. These shortcoming are seen more and more in Malaysia, where smoking and psychiatry is under researched. Conclusion: More research are needed on the why and how psychiatrist can play a major role in ensuring that those with mental illness in Malaysia are provided equal opportunities to quit smoking.
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoking; Smoking Cessation
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