Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 362 in total

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  1. Loh, S.Y., Chew, S.L.
    JUMMEC, 2012;15(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    This article presents a brief overview on the importance of adopting healthy behavior during and after the completion of primary cancer treatment. Increasing evidences are advocating physical activity engagement in cancer survivors due to its convincing beneficial outcomes. Today, outcomes from numerous trials confirmed the need to examine beyond physical activity engagement, into physical inactivity as an independent factor for cancer recurrences. Reducing cancer-risk related behaviors via increase physical activity and reduce inactivity is now receiving much attention in the field of cancer survivorship. Both realms of activity and inactivity are now acknowledged as influential independent factors contributing to better care in the field of cancer survivorship.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  2. Rima Melati Mat Satar, Zed Zakari Abdul Hamid, Hartini Yusuf, Maimunah Mustakim
    MyJurnal
    Ki-67 expression is strongly correlated with tumour cell proliferation and growth. It is widely used as a proliferation marker in the routine pathological investigation. The nuclear protein Ki- 67 (pKi67) is recognised prognostic and predictive indicator for the biopsies assessment for cancer patients. Clinically, pKi67 has been revealed to associate with metastasis and the clinical stage of tumours. Furthermore, it has been presented that the expression of Ki-67 is significantly higher in malignant tissues with poorly differentiated tumour cells, as compared with normal tissue. The Ki-67 labelling index plays a vital role as an independent prognostic factor for survival rate, which includes all stages and grade categories. There is an association between the ratios of Ki-67 positive malignant cells and patient survival. This review provides an overview of recent advances in detecting Ki-67 in ovarian carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  3. Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob, Azani Saleh, Hashimah Elias, Sakinah Abdullah, Noraini Mahmad, Normadiha Mohamed
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:715-722.
    This paper discussed on the effectiveness of BAP and NAA growth hormones on establishment of plant regeneration for selected ornamentals; Agapanthus praecox, Justicia betonica and Celosia cristata. Various explants (leaf, stem, shoot tip and bulb) derived from one-month-old aseptic seedlings of A. praecox and C. cristata, as well as explants from intact plants of J. betonica were utilized to achieve complete plant regeneration of these species. MS medium supplemented with various hormones, with an emphasis on BAP and NAA was tested to obtain direct and indirect regeneration. Both A. praecox (bulbs) and C. cristata (shoots) formed complete plantlets on MS added with 0.5-2.0 mg/L BAP and NAA, while direct regeneration was achieved for J. betonica on MS media containing BAP. Several methods were attempted to acclimatize the regenerants, with A. praecox gave the highest percentage of survival rates (96.67%), followed by J. betonica (80.00%) and C. cristata (75.00%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  4. Hasan ZAE, Mohd Zainudin NAI, Aris A, Ibrahim MH, Yusof MT
    J Appl Microbiol, 2020 Oct;129(4):991-1003.
    PMID: 32324939 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14674
    AIMS: Agro-based wastes were evaluated as a medium for mass micropropagule production and optimal efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum B1092 in controlling Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and promoting tomato growth. This study focused on biological control because pathogen persistence in the soil makes the disease difficult to control.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Rice bran, biochar, empty fruit bunches, coconut fibres, compost, top soil and mixed soil were evaluated as media for mass multiplication of T. asperellum, which is effective in controlling plant pathogens. Yielding the most colony forming units (CFU) among the media, coconut fibre was deemed most suitable for promoting sporulation. After 120 days on the medium, T. asperellum B1902 produced 9·053 × 105  CFU per gram coconut fibre; oil palm empty fruit bunches was second highest (7·406 × 105  CFU per gram). In field tests of T. asperellum B1092 against F. oxysporum f. sp lycopersici (causing Fusarium wilt of cherry tomato), B1092 significantly promoted plant growth compared to the control. The efficacy of this formulation resulted in increased growth of roots and shoots tomato plants and total lycopene, sugar, K, N, Ca, P and Mg content after 120 days.

    CONCLUSIONS: Trichoderma asperellum B1092 showed great field potential for improving productivity and quality of tomatoes and in controlling Fusarium wilt of cherry tomato.

    SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This innovative approach using a cheap agro-waste to control the persistent soil-borne Fusarium pathogen of cherry tomato should increase soil survival rate of Trichoderma and has potential for upscaling in the field for other crops.

    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  5. Nik Ab Kadir MN, Yaacob NM, Yusof SN, Ab Hadi IS, Musa KI, Mohd Isa SA, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Nov 20;19(22).
    PMID: 36430052 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215335
    Prediction of survival probabilities based on models developed by other countries has shown inconsistent findings among Malaysian patients. This study aimed to develop predictive models for survival among women with breast cancer in Malaysia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients who were diagnosed between 2012 and 2016 in seven breast cancer centres, where their survival status was followed until 31 December 2021. A total of 13 predictors were selected to model five-year survival probabilities by applying Cox proportional hazards (PH), artificial neural networks (ANN), and decision tree (DT) classification analysis. The random-split dataset strategy was used to develop and measure the models' performance. Among 1006 patients, the majority were Malay, with ductal carcinoma, hormone-sensitive, HER2-negative, at T2-, N1-stage, without metastasis, received surgery and chemotherapy. The estimated five-year survival rate was 60.5% (95% CI: 57.6, 63.6). For Cox PH, the c-index was 0.82 for model derivation and 0.81 for validation. The model was well-calibrated. The Cox PH model outperformed the DT and ANN models in most performance indices, with the Cox PH model having the highest accuracy of 0.841. The accuracies of the DT and ANN models were 0.811 and 0.821, respectively. The Cox PH model is more useful for survival prediction in this study's setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  6. Yeap BH, Zahari Z
    Pediatr Surg Int, 2010 Feb;26(2):207-12.
    PMID: 19943053 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-009-2523-7
    Neonatal neoplasms are rare tumours notorious for their atypical presentation and unpredictable behaviour. Their optimal treatment remains uncertain, a dilemma compounded by the deleterious effects of adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy during this vulnerable period of growth. This paper examined the relatively high incidence of these tumours and its impact on paediatric surgery in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  7. Mazita A, Hazim MY, Megat Shiraz MA, Primuharsa Putra SH
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):151-6.
    PMID: 16898304
    The most commonly involved space was the parapharyngeal and superficial anterior triangle followed by submandibular, retropharyngeal, posterior triangle and submental spaces respectively. Thirty-three percent of patients had diabetes mellitus as a predisposing factor. More than half of them had no known aetiological cause for the neck abscess. We encountered one mortality in an elderly patient with diabetes who succumbed to overwhelming septicaemia despite early abscess drainage and intensive medical treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  8. Karuppanan P, Thurmond MC, Gardner IA
    Prev Vet Med, 1997 May;30(2):171-9.
    PMID: 9234420
    A study was undertaken to develop the use of survivorship methods in characterizing the magnitude of culling and in testing for differences in culling among dairy herds. A prospective observational study was conducted on nine herds representing 19482 cows. The cull rate derived from survivorship data was estimated as the weighted slope of the cumulative proportion of cows remaining in a herd after first parturition, where cumulative proportion was computed using a cohort life-table with intervals of 1 month. Cull rates ranged from 9.0-13.8% per 12 months of age, compared with culling density rates of 22.2-39.7 culled per 100 cow-years. Comparison of ranks of density rates, weighted-slope rates and median ages at culling among the herds illustrated that the measures were not interchangeable. An advantage of a survivorship approach to measuring culling was illustrated by the use of the Cox proportional hazards model that tested for differences in cull rates among herds. Results suggested that variation in culling among herds during the first lactation, and particularly during the first part of the first lactation, may be an important consideration in future studies of optimal culling practices. In addition to being able to compare culling among herds, a survivorship approach to measuring culling provides an estimate of the rate of removal that is not biased by age, in contrast to currently used methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate*
  9. Rajaram RB, Hilmi IN, Roslani AC
    Dis Colon Rectum, 2020 04;63(4):415-417.
    PMID: 32132461 DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001606
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  10. Gunasekaran GH, Hassali MABA, Sabri WMABW, Rahman MTB
    Int J Clin Pharm, 2020 Apr;42(2):642-651.
    PMID: 32185605 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01011-6
    Background Nonconformity to chemotherapy schedules is common in clinical practice. Multiple clinical studies have established the negative prognostic impact of dose delay on survival outcome. Objective This study investigated the prevalence and reason for chemotherapy schedule modifications of breast cancer patients. This study also investigated the impact of schedule modifications on overall survival (OS). Setting This retrospective cohort study was done among breast cancer patient receiving chemotherapy from 2013 to 2017 and patients were followed until 31 Dec 2018. Methods Medical records of patients with cancer were reviewed. Female patients over eighteen years old were included, with primary carcinoma of the breast, who received anthracycline or taxane based chemotherapy regime and completed more than two cycles of chemotherapy. Patients were categorized into three groups of (1) no schedule modification, (2) with schedule modification and (3) incomplete schedule. The Kaplan-Meier was used to test for survival differences in the univariate setting and Cox regression model was used in the multivariate setting. Main outcome measure Prevalence, overall survival rates and hazard ratio of three schedule group Results Among 171 patient who were included in the final analysis, 28 (16.4%) had no schedule modification, 118 (69.0%) with schedule modification and 25 (14.6%) had incomplete schedule with OS of 75.0%, 59.3% and 52.0% respectively. 94% (189) of all cycle rescheduling happened because of constitutional symptoms (70), for non-medical reasons (61) and blood/bone marrow toxicity (58). When compared to patients with no schedule modification, patients with schedule modification had a 2.34-times higher risk of death (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.03-5.32; p = 0.043). Conclusion Nonconformity to the chemotherapy schedule is common in clinical practice because of treatment complications, patients' social schedule conflicts, and facility administrative reasons. Cumulative delays of ≥ 14 days are likely to have negative prognostic effect on patient survival. Thus, the duration of the delays between cycles should be reduced whenever possible to achieve the maximum chemotherapeutic benefit.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  11. Ng KT, Velayit A, Khoo DKY, Mohd Ismail A, Mansor M
    J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2018 10;32(5):2303-2310.
    PMID: 29454528 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.01.004
    OBJECTIVE: Fluid overload is a common phenomenon seen in intensive care units (ICUs). However, there is no general consensus on whether continuous or bolus furosemide is safer or more effective in these hemodynamically unstable ICU patients. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the clinical outcomes of continuous versus bolus furosemide in a critically ill population in ICUs.

    DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews were searched from their inception until June 2017.

    REVIEW METHODS: All randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and case-control studies were included. Case reports, case series, nonsystematic reviews, and studies that involved children were excluded.

    RESULTS: Nine studies (n = 464) were eligible in the data synthesis. Both continuous and bolus furosemide resulted in no difference in all-cause mortality (7 studies; n = 396; I2 = 0%; fixed-effect model [FEM]: odds ratio [OR] 1.15 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67-1.96]; p = 0.64). Continuous furosemide was associated with significant greater total urine output (n = 132; I2 = 70%; random-effect model: OR 811.19 [95% CI 99.84-1,522.53]; p = 0.03), but longer length of hospital stay (n = 290; I2 = 40%; FEM: OR 2.84 [95% CI 1.74-3.94]; p < 0.01) in comparison to the bolus group. No statistical significance was found in the changes of creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate between both groups.

    CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis, continuous furosemide was associated with greater diuretic effect in total urine output as compared with bolus. Neither had any differences in mortality and changes of renal function tests. However, a large adequately powered randomized clinical trial is required to fill this knowledge gap.

    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  12. Boo NY, Cheah IG
    Singapore Med J, 2016 Mar;57(3):144-52.
    PMID: 26996633 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2016056
    This study aimed to determine whether patient loads, infant status on admission and treatment interventions were significantly associated with inter-institutional variations in sepsis rates in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants in the Malaysian National Neonatal Registry (MNNR).
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate/trends
  13. Hoy DG, Rao C, Hoa NP, Suhardi S, Lwin AM
    Int J Stroke, 2013 Oct;8 Suppl A100:21-7.
    PMID: 23013164 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00903.x
    Stroke is a leading cause of death in Asia; however, many estimates of stroke mortality are based on epidemiological models rather than empirical data. Since 2005, initiatives have been undertaken in a number of Asian countries to strengthen and analyse vital registration data. This has increased the availability of empirical data on stroke mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  14. Muhamad M, Afshari M, Kazilan F
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(6):1389-97.
    PMID: 22126470
    This paper raises issues about the role of family members in providing support for breast cancer survivors. Data were collected from 400 breast cancer survivors in Peninsular Malaysia through a custom-designed questionnaire fielded at hospitals and support group meetings. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The analyses show that all family members could be supportive, especially in decision making and help with emotional issues. The spouse was the main support provider among the family members (others were children, parents, siblings and more distant relatives). The results also indicated that a significant percentage practiced collaborative decision-making. Breast cancer survivors needed their family members' support for information on survivorship strategies such as managing emotions, health, life style and dietary practice. The family members' supportive role may be linked to the Malaysian strong family relationship culture. For family members to contribute more adequately to cancer survivorship, it is suggested that appropriate educational intervention also be provided to them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  15. Kwan MK, Lee CK, Chan CY
    Asian Spine J, 2016 Feb;10(1):99-110.
    PMID: 26949465 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2016.10.1.99
    STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

    PURPOSE: To report the outcome of 50 patients with spinal metastases treated with minimally invasive stabilization (MISt) using fluoroscopic guided percutaneous pedicle screws with/without minimally invasive decompression.

    OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: The advent of minimally invasive percutaneous pedicle screw stabilization system has revolutionized the treatment of spinal metastasis.

    METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, 50 cases of spinal metastasis with pathological fracture(s) with/without neurology deficit were treated by MISt at our institution. The patients were assessed by Tomita score, pain score, operation time, blood loss, neurological recovery, time to ambulation and survival.

    RESULTS: The mean Tomita score was 6.3±2.4. Thirty seven patients (74.0%) required minimally invasive decompression in addition to MISt. The mean operating time was 2.3±0.5 hours for MISt alone and 3.4±1.2 hours for MISt with decompression. Mean blood loss for MISt alone and MISt with decompression was 0.4±0.2 L and 1.7±0.9 L, respectively. MISt provided a statistically significant reduction in visual analog scale pain score with mean preoperative score of 7.9±1.4 that was significantly decreased to 2.5±1.2 postoperatively (p=0.000). For patients with neurological deficit, 70% displayed improvement of one Frankel grade and 5% had an improvement of 2 Frankel grades. No patient was bed-ridden postoperatively, with the average time to ambulation of 3.4±1.8 days. The mean overall survival time was 11.3 months (range, 2-51 months). Those with a Tomita score <8 survived significantly longer than those a Tomita score ≥8 with a mean survival of 14.1±12.5 months and 6.8±4.9 months, respectively (p=0.019). There were no surgical complications, except one case of implant failure.

    CONCLUSIONS: MISt is an acceptable treatment option for spinal metastatic patients, providing good relief of instability back pain with no major complications.

    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  16. Muhamad NA, Kamaluddin MA, Adon MY, Noh MA, Bakhtiar MF, Ibrahim Tamim NS, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2015;16(7):3067-72.
    PMID: 25854407
    Cervical cancer is the most common malignant cancer of the female reproductive organs worldwide. Currently, cervical cancer can be prevented by vaccination and detected at an early stage via various screening methods. Malaysia, as a developing country faces a heavy disease burden of cervical cancer as it is the second most common cancer among Malaysian women. This population based study was carried out to fulfil the primary aim of determining the survival rates of Malaysian women with cervical cancer and associated factors. Data were obtained from two different sources namely, the Malaysian National Cancer Registry (MNCR) and National Health Informatics Centre (NHIC) from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2005. Kaplan Meier analyses were conducted to identify the overall survival rates and median survival time. Differences in survival among different ethnic and age group were compared using the log-rank test. A total of 5,859 patients were included. The median survival time for cervical cancer in this study was 65.8 months and the 5-year survival rate was 71.1%. The overall observed survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 94.1%, 79.3% and 71.1% respectively. The log-rank test finding also showed that there were significant differences in the 5-year survival rate among different ethnic groups. Malays had the lowest survival rate of 59.2% followed by Indians (69.5%) and Chinese (73.8%). The overall 5-year survival rate among patients with cervical cancer in Malaysia is relatively good. Age and ethnic groups remain as significant determining factors for cervical cancer survival rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  17. Mohd Suan MA, Tan WL, Soelar SA, Ismail I, Abu Hassan MR
    Epidemiol Health, 2015;37:e2015017.
    PMID: 25868638 DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015017
    OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between intestinal obstruction and the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

    METHODS: Data pertaining to 4,501 colorectal carcinoma patients were extracted from the national colorectal registry and analysed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate between patients with intestinal obstruction and those without intestinal obstruction. The p-values<0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Simple Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the crude hazard ratio of mortality from colorectal cancer.

    RESULTS: Intestinal obstruction was reported in more than 13% of patients. The 3-year survival rate after treatment was 48.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.9 to 52.8) for patients with intestinal obstruction (n=593) and 54.9% (95% CI, 53.1 to 56.6) for patients without intestinal obstruction (n=3,908). The 5-year survival rate for patients with intestinal obstruction was 37.3% (95% CI, 31.9 to 42.8), which was lower than that of patients without intestinal obstruction (45.6%; 95% CI, 43.5 to 47.7). After adjusting the hazard ratio for other prognostic variables, intestinal obstruction had a statistically significant negative correlation with the survival rate of colorectal cancer patients, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.22 (p=0.008).

    CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intestinal obstruction is associated with a lower survival rate among colorectal cancer patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  18. Chan PW, Goh A, Lum L
    Pediatr Int, 2001 Feb;43(1):53-7.
    PMID: 11208000
    BACKGROUND: The clinical profile of severe upper airway obstruction, a challenging acute pediatric emergency, has not been extensively documented in the developing nations of the tropics.

    METHODS: The diagnostic categories, severity of illness and outcome from 63 episodes of severe upper airway obstruction in 56 children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit between January 1994 and December 1999 were reviewed. Outcome variables studied included requirement for ventilation, mortality and complications. Severity of illness was determined with the Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) II score.

    RESULTS: Viral croup (29%) was the most common diagnosis, followed by mediastinal malignancy (13%), bacterial tracheitis (11%) and Pierre Robin syndrome (11%). There were no admissions for acute epiglottitis. Thirty episodes (48%) required ventilation for a median duration of 4.0 days. Bacterial tracheitis (100%) and subglottic stenosis (100%) were the most likely diagnoses requiring ventilation. Difficulty in intubation was encountered in 13 episodes (43%) involving, in particular, patients with bacterial tracheitis (83%; P = 0.006). Only two patients required a tracheostomy. The overall mortality was 11%. The PRISM score for all categories was generally low (mean 10.3 +/- 1.0; median 9.0). Non-survivors had a significantly higher PRISM II score than survivors (27.4 +/- 9.7 vs 8.1 +/- 4.9, respectively; P = 0.002) and were more likely to include children with bacterial tracheitis and mediastinal malignancy.

    CONCLUSIONS: There is marked heterogeneity in the causes of upper airway obstruction in the tropics with viral croup remaining the most common. A significant proportion required ventilation, but outcome is generally favorable, except in those with bacterial tracheitis and mediastinal malignancy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  19. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec., 1998 Jun 12;73(24):182-3.
    PMID: 9652206
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
  20. Nami Y, Haghshenas B, Yari Khosroushahi A
    Food Sci Nutr, 2017 05;5(3):554-563.
    PMID: 28572941 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.430
    Different herbal biopolymers were used to encapsulate Enterococcus durans IW3 to enhance its storage stability in yogurt and subsequently its endurance in gastrointestinal condition. Nine formulations of encapsulation were performed using alginate (ALG), ALG-psyllium (PSY), and ALG-gum Arabic (GA) blends. The encapsulation efficiency of all formulations, tolerance of encapsulated E. durans IW3 against low pH/high bile salt concentration, storage lifetime, and release profile of cells in natural condition of yogurt were evaluated. Result revealed 98.6% encapsulation efficiency and 76% survival rate for all formulation compared with the unencapsulated formulation cells (43%). The ALG-PSY and ALG-GA formulations have slightly higher survival rates at low pH and bile salt condition (i.e., 76-93% and 81-95%, respectively) compared with the ALG formulation. All encapsulated E. durans IW3 was released from the prepared beads of ALG after 90 min, whereas both probiotics encapsulated in ALG-GA and ALG-PSY were released after 60 min. Enterococcus durans IW3 was successfully encapsulated in ALG, ALG-GA, and ALG-PSY beads prepared by extrusion method. ALG-GA and ALG-PSY beads are suitable delivery carriers for the oral administration of bioactive compounds like probiotics. The GA and PSY gels exhibited better potential for encapsulation of probiotic bacteria cells because of the amendment of ALG difficulties and utilization of therapeutic and prebiotic potentials of these herbal biopolymers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
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