Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 330 in total

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  1. Ahmad Zulfahmi Mohd Kamaruzaman, Mohd Ismail Ibrahim, Anees Abdul Hamid
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Proper distribution of human resources is an important factor ensuring high-quality performance and sustained service quality. The aim of this study was determining the workload pressure among medical officers in health clinics (HCs) in Kelantan. Method: A record review survey was conducted between January and April 2019 using human resources data for 2018 involving HCs in Kelantan. It included all the HCs in Kelantan and excluded community clinics. Workload pressure was determined using a tool known as Workload Indicator of Staffing Needs, developed by World Health Organization. A high workload pressure was defined as a ratio between required and acquired medical officers of less than 1. The data were presented descriptively using as frequencies and percentages. Results: All 85 HCs in Kelantan were involved in the study; 90% (9/10) of the Kelantan districts recorded high work- load pressure. Moreover, 68.2% (58/85) HCs had high workload pressure. Tanah Merah, Tumpat, Pasir Mas, and Kota Bharu had the most HCs with high workload pressure, and most such HCs were found in areas with a high-den- sity population, requiring huge coverage. Conclusion: The Kelantan State Health Department should develop better human resource distribution strategies to ensure the sustainability of quality care in HCs.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  2. Plesons M, Travers E, Malhotra A, Finnie A, Maksud N, Chalasani S, et al.
    Reprod Health, 2021 Jul 20;18(1):152.
    PMID: 34284797 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01176-x
    Over the past 25 years, tremendous progress has been made in increasing the evidence on child marriage and putting it to good use to reduce the prevalence of child marriage and provide support to married girls. However, there is still much to be done to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal target 5.3 of ending child marriage by 2030, and to meet the needs of the 12 million girls who are still married before age 18 each year. To guide and stimulate future efforts, the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, the World Health Organization, the UNICEF-UNFPA Global Programme to End Child Marriage, and Girls Not Brides: The Global Partnership to End Child Marriage convened an expert group meeting in 2019 to: (1) review the progress made in building the evidence base on child marriage since the publication of research priorities in this area in 2015, (2) identify an updated set of research priorities for the next ten years, and (3) discuss how best to support research coordination, translation, and uptake. This article provides a summary of the progress made in this area since 2015 and lists an updated set of research gaps and their rationale in four key areas: (1) prevalence, trends, determinants, and correlates of child marriage; (2) consequences of child marriage; (3) intervention effectiveness studies to prevent child marriage and support married girls; and (4) implementation research studies to prevent child marriage and support married girls. It also highlights a number of calls-to-action around research coordination and knowledge translation to support the emerging and evolving needs of the field.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  3. Godinho MA, Murthy S, Ali Mohammed C
    Health Promot Int, 2021 Aug 24;36(3):731-740.
    PMID: 34428296 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa087
    The South Asian region is predicted to be among the most severely affected by the health impacts of climate change and warrants regional health policy leadership to tackle the same. Model World Health Organization (WHO) simulations offer the academic opportunity to build this leadership. This study describes the conceptualization and conduct of the 'Manipal Model World Health Organization' 2018 debate simulation, where a multi-professional group of students at an Indian university deliberated approaches to address the regional health impacts of climate change in South Asia. We contextualized the Model WHO debate model for a multi-professional classroom. Multi-sectoral stakeholders were engaged to draw participants from health and non-health disciplines. Participants were trained in health research literacy, policy politics, bloc politics, writing and public speaking for Model WHO. Mock sessions provided training in navigating parliamentary procedures. The debate event consisted of 22 participants and a four-member panel from diverse academic disciplines who independently assessed the deliberations. All delegations demonstrated competent written and verbal contributions. Content analysis of resolutions reaffirmed international agreements and addressed the Climate Change Health Risk Framework, and objectives of the WHO Secretariat Action Plan. Besides presenting a stratified typology of academic health policy debate simulations in global, regional, and subnational contexts, we also propose a 'theory of change', illustrating how academic policy discourse platforms can nurture critical thinking, research/policy literacy and leadership skills. Such initiatives help build the health policy leadership required for addressing global health challenges such as climate change.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  4. Waters MFR
    PMID: 6067520
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  5. Siew Tin, Tan, Mohd-Sidik, Sherina, Lekhraj, Rampal, Normala, Ibrahim, Kit-Aun, Tan, Zuriati, Ibrahim
    MyJurnal
    As reported by the World Health Organisation (2014), Malaysia is the fattest country among the Southeast Asia. Among others, obesity is a leading contributor of non-communicable diseases (e.g., type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer). This article aims to review the exiting weight management programmes targeting overweight and obesity in Malaysia from 2005 to 2015. The findings from this review could be useful for future intervention efforts in an attempt to address such issues in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  6. Ismail Sulaiman, Khairuddin Mohamad Kontol, Faizal Azrin Abdul Razalim
    MyJurnal
    The indoor and outdoor radon concentrations in Cameron Highlands (Peninsular Malaysia) and Ranau (East Malaysia) were measured. The measurements were carried out using passive method based on CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) (for indoor measurements in Cameron Highlands) and active method using continuous radon/thoron progeny monitor (for indoor and outdoor measurements in Ranau and outdoor measurements in Cameron Highlands). The mean indoor radon concentrations in Cameron Highlands and Ranau were 50 Bqm-3 and 1.5 Bqm-3, respectively. The mean indoor radon concentration in Cameron Highlands was slightly higher compare to the world average. The maximum value recorded was 97 Bqm-3 which is almost similar to WHO reference level. The mean outdoor radon concentrations in Cameron Highlands and Ranau were 7.4 Bqm-3and 1.7 Bqm-3, respectively. The outdoor concentrations were low and comparable to world outdoor average.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  7. Voorhoeve A, Tan-Torres Edejer T, Kapiriri L, Norheim OF, Snowden J, Basenya O, et al.
    Health Syst Reform, 2017 Oct 02;3(4):301-312.
    PMID: 30359178 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2017.1324938
    Abstract-Progress toward universal health coverage (UHC) requires making difficult trade-offs. In this journal, Dr. Margaret Chan, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General, has endorsed the principles for making such decisions put forward by the WHO Consultative Group on Equity and UHC. These principles include maximizing population health, priority for the worse off, and shielding people from health-related financial risks. But how should one apply these principles in particular cases, and how should one adjudicate between them when their demands conflict? This article by some members of the Consultative Group and a diverse group of health policy professionals addresses these questions. It considers three stylized versions of actual policy dilemmas. Each of these cases pertains to one of the three key dimensions of progress toward UHC: which services to cover first, which populations to prioritize for coverage, and how to move from out-of-pocket expenditures to prepayment with pooling of funds. Our cases are simplified to highlight common trade-offs. Though we make specific recommendations, our primary aim is to demonstrate both the form and substance of the reasoning involved in striking a fair balance between competing interests on the road to UHC.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  8. Norhamizan Hashim, Khairul Osman, Siti Fatimah Ibrahim, Rosliah Harun, Rafeah Pakri Mohamed
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1931-1938.
    Ketidaksuburan idiopati dalam kalangan lelaki telah dikaitkan dengan kesan psikostres. Walaupun begitu, hubungan langsung antara psikostres dan ketaknormalan kualiti semen masih samar. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan psikostres terhadap kualiti semen terutama kesan berdasarkan residu sitoplasma dan kerosakan DNA sperma. Dalam kajian ini, responden lelaki berumur antara 25-45 tahun dipilih secara rawak dalam kalangan pesakit yang mendapatkan rawatan di Pusat Kesuburan Lembaga Penduduk dan Pembangunan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN). Seramai 331 responden akhirnya telah dipilih daripada 628 responden selepas mengambil kira faktor penolakan. Setiap responden perlu menjawab borang keizinan dan soal selidik GHQ-12 bagi penentuan tahap stres sebelum pengambilan sampel semen mengikut piawaian WHO (2010). Tahap stres diukur berdasarkan keadaan semasa responden dalam tempoh 3-4 minggu sebelum kajian. Analisis semen, pewarnaan papanicolau dan asai komet neutral digunakan untuk penentuan kualiti semen dan kerosakan DNA sperma. Keputusan menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara psikostres dan ketaknormalan residu sitoplasma (U=895.50, p=0.08). Namun begitu, psikostres memberi kesan kepada peratus morfologi normal (U=6317.50, p<0.05) dan kerosakan DNA sperma (U=1047.00, p<0.01). Kesimpulannya, psikostres kronik boleh menjejaskan kualiti semen dan kerosakan DNA sperma serta mempengaruhi kesuburan.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  9. Wasay M, Younis S, Charway-Felli A, Basri H
    J Neurol Sci, 2023 Jan 15;444:120499.
    PMID: 36450220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120499
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  10. Rosenberg M, Tomioka S, Barber SL
    Health Res Policy Syst, 2022 Nov 29;20(Suppl 1):128.
    PMID: 36443868 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00917-z
    Population ageing is a global phenomenon that has profound implications for all aspects of health systems development. Research is needed to understand and improve the health system response to this demographic shift, especially in low- and middle-income countries where the change is happening rapidly. This Supplement was organized by the WHO Centre for Health Development in Kobe, Japan (WHO Kobe Centre) whose mission is to promote innovation and research for equitable and sustainable universal health coverage considering the impacts of population ageing. The Supplement features 10 papers all based on studies that were funded by the WHO Kobe Centre in recent years. The studies involve a diverse set of 10 countries in the Asia Pacific (Cambodia, Japan, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam); address various aspects of the health system including service delivery, workforce development and financing; and utilize a wide range of research methods, including economic modelling, household surveys and intervention evaluations. This introductory article offers a brief description of each study's methods, key findings and implications. Collectively, the studies demonstrate the potential contribution that health systems research can make toward addressing the challenges of ensuring sustainable universal health coverage even while countries undergo rapid population ageing.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  11. Dal-Ré R, Voo TC, Holm S
    J Glob Health, 2023 Jan 20;13:04012.
    PMID: 36655916 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04012
    BACKGROUND: It is unknown if changes have been made to the original participant's information sheet/informed consent form (PIS/ICF) provided by the WHO Solidarity Plus team when it was transferred to participating countries.

    METHODS: National principal investigators from 30 countries were asked if the original PIS/ICF was edited in their countries and, if so, to share with us the one used to recruit participants. We assessed whether the 25 different elements of information from the good clinical practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki were present in, deficiently described, or absent from the PIS/ICFs.

    RESULTS: Nineteen national principal investigators responded: eight (Argentina, Brazil, Ethiopia, Georgia, Iran, Lebanon, Lithuania, and Malaysia) stated that no edits were introduced to the original PIS/ICF; eight (Canada, Colombia, Philippines, India, Ireland, Pakistan, Portugal, and Switzerland) added some elements of information in the national PIS/ICF; and three (Italy, Peru, and Spain) reported not participating in the trial. None of the elements included in the original PIS/ICF were omitted from the edited PIS/IFC. Six elements of information were omitted and five deficiently described in the original PIS/ICF. The number of elements omitted from the edited PIS/ICFs varied (range = 2-5). Nine PIS/ICFs incompletely described or omitted the informing of study participants about the study results, while five deficiently described or omitted the anticipated expenses for trial participation. Information concerning whom to contact for more information or in case of injury was deficient in six PIS/ICFs. Unlike the original PIS/ICF, all edited PIS/ICFs informed participants about the existence of compensation or treatment for any injury related to the trial.

    CONCLUSIONS: WHO should consider adding three of the omitted elements in PIS/ICFs of future multinational similar trials.

    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  12. Meskher H, Belhaouari SB, Thakur AK, Sathyamurthy R, Singh P, Khelfaoui I, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Nov;29(55):82709-82728.
    PMID: 36223015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23392-z
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has delayed global economic growth, which has affected the economic life globally. On the one hand, numerous elements in the environment impact the transmission of this new coronavirus. Every country in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) area has a different population density, air quality and contaminants, and water- and land-related conditions, all of which influence coronavirus transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated fast evaluations to guide policymakers with timely evidence to respond to the situation. This review makes four unique contributions. One, many data about the transmission of the new coronavirus in various sorts of settings to provide clear answers to the current dispute over the virus's transmission were reviewed. Two, highlight the most significant application of machine learning to forecast and diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Three, our insights provide timely and accurate information along with compelling suggestions and methodical directions for investigators. Four, the present study provides decision-makers and community leaders with information on the effectiveness of environmental controls for COVID-19 dissemination.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  13. Gostin LO, Chirwa DM, Clark H, Habibi R, Kümmel B, Mahmood J, et al.
    BMJ Glob Health, 2023 Apr;8(4).
    PMID: 37085271 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012344
    The World Health Organisation (WHO) was inaugurated in 1948 to bring the world together to ensure the highest attainable standard of health for all. Establishing health governance under the United Nations (UN), WHO was seen as the preeminent leader in public health, promoting a healthier world following the destruction of World War II and ensuring global solidarity to prevent disease and promote health. Its constitutional function would be 'to act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work'. Yet today, as the world commemorates WHO's 75th anniversary, it faces a historic global health crisis, with governments presenting challenges to its institutional legitimacy and authority amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. WHO governance in the coming years will define the future of the Organisation and, crucially, the health and well-being of billions of people across the globe. At this pivotal moment, WHO must learn critical lessons from its past and make fundamental reforms to become the Organisation it was meant to be. We propose reforms in WHO financing, governance, norms, human rights and equity that will lay a foundation for the next generation of global governance for health.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  14. Shim SB, Choi CW, Shin JH, Kim JW, Schepelmann S, Jung JH, et al.
    Biologicals, 2023 Nov;84:101712.
    PMID: 37797484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101712
    The Biregional Network of National Control Laboratories (NCLs) of the WHO Western Pacific and South-East Asia Regions has been meeting annually since 2018 to enhance NCLs' voluntary participation capacity. Its seventh meeting was hosted by the Korea National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation (NIFDS) of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), in conjunction with the Global Bio Conference, in Seoul on September 6, 2022. Over 60 participants from seven countries, (India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam) attended the meeting on-site and online. The theme of this meeting was 'Quality Control Issues and International Trends for Biologicals including Vaccines and Plasma-Derived Medicinal Products.' Three special speeches were presented on sharing the quality control system for biologicals, including NCLs' considerations in preparing the WHO Listed Authorities and sharing MFDS experiences. Furthermore, the participating NCLs shared country-specific issues related to national lot releases during the COVID-19 pandemic and acknowledged the meeting's crucial role in response preparedness for pandemic emergencies and enhancing regulatory capacity through coalitions and information exchange among NCLs. The NIFDS will cooperate closely with other Asian NCLs to enhance biological product quality control, aiming to establish regional standards and standardize test methods through collaboration.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  15. Low GK, Jiee SF, Masilamani R, Shanmuganathan S, Rai P, Manda M, et al.
    Pathog Glob Health, 2023 Sep;117(6):565-589.
    PMID: 36593636 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2161864
    The World Health Organization (WHO) has revised dengue case classification in 2009 to better reflect the severity of the disease. However, there was no comprehensive meta-analysis of pooled routine blood parameters according to the age or the categories of the 2009 WHO classification. This study aimed to meta-analyze the routine blood parameters of dengue infected children and adults. Electronic search was performed with eligible articles included for review. Meta-analysis was conducted for six blood parameters stratified into children, adults and all ages, which were further grouped into the three 2009 WHO case classifications (dengue without warning signs, DwoWS; dengue with warning signs, DwWS; severe dengue, SD), non-severe dengue (non-SD) and 'All' cases. A total of 55 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Fifteen studies were conducted in the children's age category, 31 studies in the adult category and nine studies in all ages. The four selected pooled blood parameters for children were white blood cell (WBC) (×103/L) with 5.11 (SD), 5.64 (DwWS), 5.52 (DwoWS) and 4.68 (Non-SD) hematocrit (HCT) (%) with 36.78 (SD), 40.70 (DwWS), 35.00 (DwoWS) and 29.78 (Non-SD) platelet (PLT) (×103/µL) with 78.66 (SD), 108.01 (DwWS), 153.47 (DwoWS) and 108.29 (non-SD); and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (/µL) with 248.88 (SD), 170.83 (DwWS), 83.24 (DwoWS) and 102.99 (non-SD). For adult, WBC were 4.96 (SD), 6.44 (DwWS), 7.74 (DwoWS) and 3.61 (non-SD); HCT were 39.50 (SD), 39.00 (DwWS), 37.45 (DwoWS) and 41.68 (non-SD); PLT were 49.62 (SD), 96.60 (DwWS), 114.37 (DwoWS) and 71.13 (non-SD); and AST were 399.50 (SD), 141.01 (DwWS), 96.19 (DwoWS) and 118.13 (non-SD). These blood parameters could not differentiate between each dengue severity according to the WHO 2009 classification, SD, DwoWS, DwWS and non-SD, because the timing of blood drawing was not known and there was an overlapping confidence interval among the clinical classification. Hence, these pooled blood parameter values could not be used to guide clinicians in management and did not correlate with severity as in previous scientific literatures and guidelines.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  16. Gregg EW, Buckley J, Ali MK, Davies J, Flood D, Mehta R, et al.
    Lancet, 2023 Apr 15;401(10384):1302-1312.
    PMID: 36931289 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00001-6
    The Global Diabetes Compact is a WHO-driven initiative uniting stakeholders around goals of reducing diabetes risk and ensuring that people with diabetes have equitable access to comprehensive, affordable care and prevention. In this report we describe the development and scientific basis for key health metrics, coverage, and treatment targets accompanying the Compact. We considered metrics across four domains: factors at a structural, system, or policy level; processes of care; behaviours and biomarkers such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c); and health events and outcomes; and three risk tiers (diagnosed diabetes, high risk, or whole population), and reviewed and prioritised them according to their health importance, modifiability, data availability, and global inequality. We reviewed the global distribution of each metric to set targets for future attainment. This process led to five core national metrics and target levels for UN member states: (1) of all people with diabetes, at least 80% have been clinically diagnosed; and, for people with diagnosed diabetes, (2) 80% have HbA1c concentrations below 8·0% (63·9 mmol/mol); (3) 80% have blood pressure lower than 140/90 mm Hg; (4) at least 60% of people 40 years or older are receiving therapy with statins; and (5) each person with type 1 diabetes has continuous access to insulin, blood glucose meters, and test strips. We also propose several complementary metrics that currently have limited global coverage, but warrant scale-up in population-based surveillance systems. These include estimation of cause-specific mortality, and incidence of end-stage kidney disease, lower-extremity amputations, and incidence of diabetes. Primary prevention of diabetes and integrated care to prevent long-term complications remain important areas for the development of new metrics and targets. These metrics and targets are intended to drive multisectoral action applied to individuals, health systems, policies, and national health-care access to achieve the goals of the Global Diabetes Compact. Although ambitious, their achievement can result in broad health benefits for people with diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  17. Abdullah JM, Wan Ismail WFN, Mohamad I, Ab Razak A, Harun A, Musa KI, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2020 Mar;27(2):1-9.
    PMID: 32308536 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.2.1
    When the first report of COVID-19 appeared in December 2019 from Wuhan, China, the world unknowingly perceived this as another flu-like illness. Many were surprised at the extreme steps that China had subsequently taken to seal Wuhan from the rest of the world. However, by February 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, had spread so quickly across the globe that the World Health Organization officially declared COVID-19 a pandemic. COVID-19 is not the first pandemic the world has seen, so what makes it so unique in Malaysia, is discussed to avoid a future coronacoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  18. Chan SC
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jun;60(2):127-9.
    PMID: 16114150
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
  19. Lim VK
    Med J Malaysia, 1991 Dec;46(4):298-300.
    PMID: 1840435
    Matched MeSH terms: World Health Organization
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