Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 261 in total

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  1. Public perspectives on strays and companion animal management in Malaysia
    Munir SMI, Mokhtar MI, Arham AF
    BMC Public Health, 2023 Jul 26;23(1):1428.
    PMID: 37495958 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16276-5
    Strays and companion animal management is a sensitive issue in Malaysia that incites solid and conflicting views. Through structured questionnaires administered to a random sample of 704 respondents, this study explored public opinion on a) causes of the stray animal population, b) the management of the stray animal population, and c) the national strategy on strays and companion Animal Management. The results show that 70.3% of respondents agreed that a lack of public awareness regarding animal care was the major contributor to the stray animal population. In addition, 58.1% of respondents felt that treating and vaccinating animals exposed to zoonotic diseases is a viable approach that could be instituted as a reasonable measure in stray animal population management. Finally, developing animal protection areas through a multi-stakeholder partnership strategy initiative recorded the highest support (48.4%) for intervention planning for stray animal management at a national level. Notably, a significant percentage of public responses were implicitly influenced by demographic variables. These findings provide valuable insights into public opinion regarding stray and companion animal management in Malaysia. These findings could inform the development of future legislation aimed at reducing the unfavorable effects of stray animal populations on humans and the ecology of MalaysiaPlease check if affiliations [is/are] captured correctly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses*
  2. Fulltext Potential for Person-to-Person Transmission of Henipaviruses: A Systematic Review of the Literature
    Hegde ST, Lee KH, Styczynski A, Jones FK, Gomes I, Das P, et al.
    J Infect Dis, 2024 Mar 14;229(3):733-742.
    PMID: 37925626 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad467
    Nipah virus Bangladesh (NiVB) is a bat-borne zoonosis transmitted between people through the respiratory route. The risk posed by related henipaviruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus Malaysia (NiVM), is less clear. We conducted a broad search of the literature encompassing both human infections and animal models to synthesize evidence about potential for person-to-person spread. More than 600 human infections have been reported in the literature, but information on viral shedding was only available for 40 case-patients. There is substantial evidence demonstrating person-to-person transmission of NiVB, and some evidence for NiVM. Less direct evidence is available about the risk for person-to-person transmission of HeV, but animals infected with HeV shed more virus in the respiratory tract than those infected with NiVM, suggesting potential for transmission. As the group of known henipaviruses continues to grow, shared protocols for conducting and reporting from human investigations and animal experiments are urgently needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/transmission
  3. Fulltext Emerging and re-emerging viruses in Malaysia, 1997-2007
    Tee KK, Takebe Y, Kamarulzaman A
    Int J Infect Dis, 2009 May;13(3):307-18.
    PMID: 19010076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.09.005
    Over the past decade, a number of unique zoonotic and non-zoonotic viruses have emerged in Malaysia. Several of these viruses have resulted in significant morbidity and mortality to those affected and they have imposed a tremendous public health and economic burden on the state. Amongst the most devastating was the outbreak of Nipah virus encephalitis in 1998, which resulted in 109 deaths. The culling of more than a million pigs, identified as the amplifying host, ultimately brought the outbreak under control. A year prior to this, and subsequently again in 2000 and 2003, large outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease due to enterovirus 71, with rare cases of fatal neurological complications, were reported in young children. Three other new viruses - Tioman virus (1999), Pulau virus (1999), and Melaka virus (2006) - whose origins have all been linked to bats, have been added to the growing list of novel viruses being discovered in Malaysia. The highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has also been detected in Malaysia with outbreaks in poultry in 2004, 2006, and 2007. Fortunately, no human infections were reported. Finally, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has seen the emergence of an HIV-1 recombinant form (CRF33_01B) in HIV-infected individuals from various risk groups, with evidence of ongoing and rapid expansion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology; Zoonoses/transmission; Zoonoses/virology*
  4. [Nipah virus infections]
    Kitsutani P, Ohta M
    Nippon Rinsho, 2005 Dec;63(12):2143-53.
    PMID: 16363687
    Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus that was first recognized in 1999 as the causative agent of outbreaks of human encephalitis in Malaysia and Singapore, in association with severe respiratory and neurological disease in pigs. Since then, outbreaks of NiV encephalitis have also occurred in Bangladesh during 2001-2004, but without an association to infected swine or other animals. Although NiV infections typically result in acute encephalitis with high mortality, other clinical manifestations, including asymptomatic infection, relapsed encephalitis, and pulmonary disease, have been observed. The article will summarize the virology, epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, and control and prevention of NiV infections in humans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses
  5. Fulltext Human and animal invasive muscular sarcocystosis in Malaysia--recent cases, review and hypotheses
    Tappe D, Abdullah S, Heo CC, Kannan Kutty M, Latif B
    Trop Biomed, 2013 Sep;30(3):355-66.
    PMID: 24189667
    Sarcocystosis, an unusual parasitic zoonotic disease, is caused by coccidian/ apicomplexan protozoa in humans and animals. The parasites usually develop in a heteroxenous predator-prey life-cycle involving final (carnivore) and intermediate (omnivore/herbivore) hosts. Besides the intestinal, non-invasive form of the disease in which humans and animals are the definitive hosts for certain Sarcocystis spp., the invasive form has come to recent attention. In the latter, humans and animals serve as intermediate host harbouring sarcocysts in their muscle tissue. Already in 1991 sarcocystosis was seen as a potential emerging food borne zoonosis in Malaysia, and in 2011 and 2012 the largest cluster of symptomatic human muscular sarcocystosis world-wide was reported from Tioman Island, Pahang state. In this review, we focus on invasive sarcocystosis in humans and animals in Malaysia, review the recorded cases and epidemiology, and present hypotheses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology*; Zoonoses/parasitology; Zoonoses/pathology
  6. Genome Sequences of Brucella melitensis, Isolated from Blood Samples of Brucellosis Patients in Malaysia
    Mohamed Zahidi J, Ahmad N, Tay BY, Hashim R, Khoo E, Ahmad N, et al.
    Genome Announc, 2017 Aug 03;5(31).
    PMID: 28774972 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00689-17
    Human brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease and has widespread geographical distribution. Brucella melitensis has caused outbreaks and sporadic cases in Malaysia. Here, we present the whole-genome sequences of four B. melitensis strains isolated from brucellosis patients in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses
  7. Fulltext Spillover zoonotic 'Langya virus': is it a matter of concern?
    Choudhary OP, Priyanka, Fahrni ML, Metwally AA, Saied AA
    Vet Q, 2022 Dec;42(1):172-174.
    PMID: 36001038 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2117874
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses
  8. Fulltext Nipah Virus: An Overview of the Current Status of Diagnostics and Their Role in Preparedness in Endemic Countries
    Garbuglia AR, Lapa D, Pauciullo S, Raoul H, Pannetier D
    Viruses, 2023 Oct 07;15(10).
    PMID: 37896839 DOI: 10.3390/v15102062
    Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus responsible for a high mortality rate zoonosis. As a result, it has been included in the list of Blueprint priority pathogens. Bats are the main reservoirs of the virus, and different clinical courses have been described in humans. The Bangladesh strain (NiV-B) is often associated with severe respiratory disease, whereas the Malaysian strain (NiV-M) is often associated with severe encephalitis. An early diagnosis of NiV infection is crucial to limit the outbreak and to provide appropriate care to the patient. Due to high specificity and sensitivity, qRT-PCR is currently considered to be the optimum method in acute NiV infection assessment. Nasal swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and blood are used for RT-PCR testing. N gene represents the main target used in molecular assays. Different sensitivities have been observed depending on the platform used: real-time PCR showed a sensitivity of about 103 equivalent copies/reaction, SYBRGREEN technology's sensitivity was about 20 equivalent copies/reaction, and in multiple pathogen card arrays, the lowest limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 54 equivalent copies/reaction. An international standard for NiV is yet to be established, making it difficult to compare the sensitivity of the different methods. Serological assays are for the most part used in seroprevalence studies owing to their lower sensitivity in acute infection. Due to the high epidemic and pandemic potential of this virus, the diagnosis of NiV should be included in a more global One Health approach to improve surveillance and preparedness for the benefit of public health. Some steps need to be conducted in the diagnostic field in order to become more efficient in epidemic management, such as development of point-of-care (PoC) assays for the rapid diagnosis of NiV.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses
  9. Fulltext Answer to May 2022 Photo Quiz
    Khoo BY, Lim KGE, Chia JWZ, Chavatte JM, Ong KH, De PP, et al.
    J Clin Microbiol, 2022 05 18;60(5):e0168621.
    PMID: 35583365 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01686-21
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses
  10. Fulltext Preserve a Voucher Specimen! The Critical Need for Integrating Natural History Collections in Infectious Disease Studies
    Thompson CW, Phelps KL, Allard MW, Cook JA, Dunnum JL, Ferguson AW, et al.
    mBio, 2021 Jan 12;12(1).
    PMID: 33436435 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.02698-20
    Despite being nearly 10 months into the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, the definitive animal host for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the causal agent of COVID-19, remains unknown. Unfortunately, similar problems exist for other betacoronaviruses, and no vouchered specimens exist to corroborate host species identification for most of these pathogens. This most basic information is critical to the full understanding and mitigation of emerging zoonotic diseases. To overcome this hurdle, we recommend that host-pathogen researchers adopt vouchering practices and collaborate with natural history collections to permanently archive microbiological samples and host specimens. Vouchered specimens and associated samples provide both repeatability and extension to host-pathogen studies, and using them mobilizes a large workforce (i.e., biodiversity scientists) to assist in pandemic preparedness. We review several well-known examples that successfully integrate host-pathogen research with natural history collections (e.g., yellow fever, hantaviruses, helminths). However, vouchering remains an underutilized practice in such studies. Using an online survey, we assessed vouchering practices used by microbiologists (e.g., bacteriologists, parasitologists, virologists) in host-pathogen research. A much greater number of respondents permanently archive microbiological samples than archive host specimens, and less than half of respondents voucher host specimens from which microbiological samples were lethally collected. To foster collaborations between microbiologists and natural history collections, we provide recommendations for integrating vouchering techniques and archiving of microbiological samples into host-pathogen studies. This integrative approach exemplifies the premise underlying One Health initiatives, providing critical infrastructure for addressing related issues ranging from public health to global climate change and the biodiversity crisis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/microbiology; Zoonoses/parasitology; Zoonoses/pathology*; Zoonoses/virology
  11. Fulltext Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Leptospirosis among Visitors to a Recreational Forest in Malaysia
    Shafie NJ, Abdul Halim NS, Nor Zalipah M, Mohd Amin NAZ, Syed Esa SM, Md-Nor S, et al.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2021 Jan 18;104(4):1290-1296.
    PMID: 33534768 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0306
    Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease and a worldwide public health problem that affects mainly high-risk groups. Characterizing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among high-risk groups is important to develop appropriate prevention programs. Here, we performed a cross-sectional study among 300 visitors of a recreational forest in Malaysia to examine leptospirosis KAP and demographics. These variables were integrated to create knowledge and practice scores for each respondent. All respondents had heard about leptospirosis, and 87% of them correctly identified it as a disease. The majority of respondents had high knowledge (63%), positive attitude, and good practice (68%) toward prevention of the disease. However, there were gaps in knowledge, with 78% of the respondents indicating eating without washing hands as the major cause of leptospirosis transmission. Our final model identified that higher knowledge score was associated with higher practice score. Our results indicate that it is important to increase knowledge, especially on transmission routes of leptospirosis, among visitors in recreational areas. Moreover, more attention needs to be paid to promote good practice habits among visitors, targeting those at higher risk of being infected by leptospirosis to prevent potential outbreaks in the recreational areas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/microbiology; Zoonoses/epidemiology; Zoonoses/psychology*; Zoonoses/transmission
  12. Intestinal fluke infections in Southeast Asia
    Waikagul J
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1991 Dec;22 Suppl:158-62.
    PMID: 1822877
    Twenty-three species of intestinal flukes reported in man in Southeast Asia are assigned to seven families: Echinostomatidae, Fasciolidae, Heterophyidae, Lecithodriidae, Microphallidae, Paramphistomatidae and Plagiorchiidae. The majority of species belongs to the Heterophyidae and Echinostomatidae families. Common species are Fasciolopsis buski, Echinostoma ilocanum, E. malayanum, E. revolutum and Haplorchis yokogawai. The countries where large number of species were reported are Thailand (14 species), Philippines (12 species), Indonesia (8 species) and Malaysia (4 species). Only one species was recognized in Laos, and Vietnam. Several species reported in man in the other regions, were reported in animals in Southeast Asia. It is possible that these are present in humans but have not yet been reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses*
  13. Fulltext Collaborate or Collapse: Capacity Building in Zoonotic and Neglected Tropical Disease Modelling
    Mohd Zain SN, Basáñez MG
    Trends Parasitol, 2018 05;34(5):356-358.
    PMID: 29358040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.12.009
    We share the insights from a successful collaboration in organizing and implementing an international scientific capacity-building workshop in Malaysia titled Mathematical Modelling of Neglected Infectious Diseases: Capacity Building in Southeast Asia. This workshop focused on the delivery of technical know-how and on essential soft skills related to effective grant proposal writing and networking.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology
  14. Fulltext Recent Incidence of Human Malaria Caused by Plasmodium knowlesi in the Villages in Kudat Peninsula, Sabah, Malaysia: Mapping of The Infection Risk Using Remote Sensing Data
    Sato S, Tojo B, Hoshi T, Minsong LIF, Kugan OK, Giloi N, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019 08 16;16(16).
    PMID: 31426380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162954
    Plasmodium knowlesi (Pk) is a malaria parasite that naturally infects macaque monkeys in Southeast Asia. Pk malaria, the zoonosis transmitted from the infected monkeys to the humans by Anopheles mosquito vectors, is now a serious health problem in Malaysian Borneo. To create a strategic plan to control Pk malaria, it is important to estimate the occurrence of the disease correctly. The rise of Pk malaria has been explained as being due to ecological changes, especially deforestation. In this research, we analysed the time-series satellite images of MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) of the Kudat Peninsula in Sabah and created the "Pk risk map" on which the Land-Use and Land-Cover (LULC) information was visualised. The case number of Pk malaria of a village appeared to have a correlation with the quantity of two specific LULC classes, the mosaic landscape of oil palm groves and the nearby land-use patches of dense forest, surrounding the village. Applying a Poisson multivariate regression with a generalised linear mixture model (GLMM), the occurrence of Pk malaria cases was estimated from the population and the quantified LULC distribution on the map. The obtained estimations explained the real case numbers well, when the contribution of another risk factor, possibly the occupation of the villagers, is considered. This implies that the occurrence of the Pk malaria cases of a village can be predictable from the population of the village and the LULC distribution shown around it on the map. The Pk risk map will help to assess the Pk malaria risk distributions quantitatively and to discover the hidden key factors behind the spread of this zoonosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology
  15. Fulltext Case report: two human Streptococcus suis infections in Borneo, Sabah, Malaysia
    Rajahram GS, Hameed AA, Menon J, William T, Tambyah PA, Yeo TW
    BMC Infect Dis, 2017 03 04;17(1):188.
    PMID: 28257622 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2294-z
    BACKGROUND: Streptococcus Suis (S.suis) is increasingly being recognised as a potentially preventable emerging zoonotic infection in humans with a global distribution. It is a major cause of meningitis especially among those in contact with pigs and has also been associated with a toxic shock syndrome.

    CASE PRESENTATIONS: We report the first two human cases from Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia which expands the global reach of this important pathogen. Here, we illustrate their epidemiological risk factors, clinical presentation and resulting sequelae of both patients.

    CONCLUSION: The continued public health threat of zoonotic infections such as S.suis, highlights the need for accurate epidemiological surveillance, regulation of pig farming, slaughtering and continued advocacy of best practices for pork preparation and consumption.

    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/diagnosis*
  16. Blood films from patients with benign tertian malaria in Eastern Sabah. Is this a zoonosis?
    Peters W
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1973;67(1):2.
    PMID: 4591218 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(73)90250-2
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses*
  17. Mammalian ecology and epidemiology of zoonoses
    Muul I
    Science, 1970 Dec 18;170(3964):1275-9.
    PMID: 5479006
    Insufficient use has been made of ecological data concerning potential hosts in studies to determine the life cycles of zoonotic parasites and pathogens. Factors such as the geographical distribution of hosts, the altitudes at which they live, their affinities for specific habitats, their vertical distribution within the habitat, and the periodicity of their activities have bearing on the hosts' predisposition to involvement in disease cycles. Diets and feeding habits may determine the likelihood of acquiring infection. Reproductive characteristics determine whether a species is suitable as a reservoir or as an amplifying host. Behavioral factors, such as selection of a particular kind of nest site, may also predispose the involvement of the host with parasites and pathogens. Behavior patterns may determine the maximum population densities of hosts. Estimates of population sizes, of relative abundances of species, and of the involvement of species in disease cycles may be strongly influenced by the collecting and sampling methods that are used and also by the behavioral response of the mammals toward collecting devices, such as traps.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology*
  18. A presumptive case of naturally occurring Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in man in Malaysia
    Fong YL, Cadigan FC, Coatney GR
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1971;65(6):839-40.
    PMID: 5003320
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses*
  19. The known vectors of simian malaria in Malaya today
    Cheong WH, Ben Omar AH, Warren M
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):327-9.
    PMID: 4380826
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/epidemiology
  20. A naturally acquited quotidian-type malaria in man transferable to monkeys
    CHIN W, CONTACOS PG, COATNEY GR, KIMBALL HR
    Science, 1965 Aug 20;149(3686):865.
    PMID: 14332847 DOI: 10.1126/science.149.3686.865
    A quotidian-type parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, has been found as a natural infection in man. The infection was acquired by a white male during a short visit to peninsular Malaysia. This occurrence constitutes the first proof that simian malaria is a true zoonosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses*
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