Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 366 in total

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  1. BYSTANDER WI-38 CELLS MODULATE DNA DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK REPAIR IN MICROBEAM-TARGETED A549 CELLS THROUGH GAP JUNCTION INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION
    Kobayashi A, Autsavapromporn N, Ahmad TAFT, Oikawa M, Homma-Takeda S, Furusawa Y, et al.
    Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2019 May 01;183(1-2):142-146.
    PMID: 30535060 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy249
    Bi-directional signaling involved in radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) between irradiated carcinoma cells and their surrounding non-irradiated normal cells is relevant to radiation cancer therapy. Using the SPICE-NIRS microbeam, we delivered 500 protons to A549-GFP lung carcinoma cells, stably expressing H2B-GFP, which were co-cultured with normal WI-38 cells. The level of γ-H2AX, a marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), was subsequently measured up to 24-h post-irradiation in both targeted and bystander cells. As a result, inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) attenuated DSB repair in targeted A549-GFP cells, and suppressed RIBE in bystander WI-38 cells but not in distant A549-GFP cells. This suggests that GJIC plays a two-way role through propagating DNA damage effect between carcinoma to normal cells and reversing the bystander signaling, also called 'rescue effect' from bystander cells to irradiated cells, to enhance the DSB repair in targeted cells.
  2. Fulltext RNA-seq analysis of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection
    Rao R, Bing Zhu Y, Alinejad T, Tiruvayipati S, Lin Thong K, Wang J, et al.
    Gut Pathog, 2015;7:6.
    PMID: 25922623 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-015-0052-6
    The Malaysian giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important crustacean worldwide. However, production of this prawn is facing a serious threat from Vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio species such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Unfortunately, the mechanisms involved in the immune response of this species to bacterial infection are not fully understood. We therefore used a high-throughput deep sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome and comparative expression profiles of the hepatopancreas from this freshwater prawn infected with V. parahaemolyticus to gain an increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the species' immune response to this pathogenic bacteria.
  3. Microfluidic formation of highly monodispersed multiple cored droplets using needle-based system in parallel mode
    Lian Z, Chan Y, Luo Y, Yang X, Koh KS, Wang J, et al.
    Electrophoresis, 2020 06;41(10-11):891-901.
    PMID: 31998972 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900403
    Scale-up in droplet microfluidics achieved by increasing the number of devices running in parallel or increasing the droplet makers in the same device can compromise the narrow droplet-size distribution, or requires high fabrication cost, when glass- or polymer-based microdevices are used. This paper reports a novel way using parallelization of needle-based microfluidic systems to form highly monodispersed droplets with enhanced production rates yet in cost-effective way, even when forming higher order emulsions with complex inner structure. Parallelization of multiple needle-based devices could be realized by applying commercially available two-way connecters and 3D-printed four-way connectors. The production rates of droplets could be enhanced around fourfold (over 660 droplets/min) to eightfold (over 1300 droplets/min) by two-way connecters and four-way connectors, respectively, for the production of the same kind of droplets than a single droplet maker (160 droplets/min). Additionally, parallelization of four-needle sets with each needle specification ranging from 34G to 20G allows for simultaneous generation of four groups of PDMS microdroplets with each group having distinct size yet high monodispersity (CV < 3%). Up to six cores can be encapsulated in double emulsion using two parallelly connected devices via tuning the capillary number of middle phase in a range of 1.31 × 10-4 to 4.64 × 10-4 . This study leads to enhanced production yields of droplets and enables the formation of groups of droplets simultaneously to meet extensive needs of biomedical and environmental applications, such as microcapsules with variable dosages for drug delivery or drug screening, or microcapsules with wide range of absorbent loadings for water treatment.
  4. Prevalence of Childhood Hearing Loss and Secular Trends: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Wang J, Sung V, Carew P, Burt RA, Liu M, Wang Y, et al.
    Acad Pediatr, 2019 07;19(5):504-514.
    PMID: 30872125 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.01.010
    BACKGROUND: Better epidemiologic information on childhood hearing loss would inform research priorities and efforts to prevent its progression.

    OBJECTIVES: To estimate prevalence and secular trends in children's hearing loss.

    DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE and Embase from January 1996 to August 2017.

    STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We included epidemiologic studies in English reporting hearing loss prevalence.

    STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: The modified Leboeuf-Yde and Lauritsen tool was used to assess methodological quality. Meta-analyses combined study-specific estimates using random-effects models.

    PARTICIPANTS: Children 0 to 18 years of age.

    RESULTS: Among 88 eligible studies, 43.2% included audiometric measurement of speech frequencies. In meta-analyses, pooled prevalence estimates of slight or worse bilateral speech frequency losses >15 decibels hearing level (dB HL) were 13.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.0-17.0). Using progressively more stringent cutpoints, pooled prevalence estimates were 8.1% (95% CI, 1.3-19.8) with >20 dB HL, 2.2% (95% CI, 1.4-3.0) with >25 dB HL, 1.8% (95% CI, 0.4-4.1) with >30 dB HL, and 0.9% (95% CI, 0.1-2.6) with >40 dB HL. Also, 8.9% (95% CI, 6.4-12.3) had likely sensorineural losses >15 dB HL in 1 or both ears, and 1.2% (95% CI, 0.5-2.1) had self-reported hearing loss. From 1990 to 2010, the prevalence of losses >15 dB HL in 1 or both ears rose substantially (all P for trend

  5. Production of magnetic sodium alginate polyelectrolyte nanospheres for lead ions removal from wastewater
    Wang J, Guo M, Luo Y, Shao D, Ge S, Cai L, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2021 Jul 01;289:112506.
    PMID: 33831760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112506
    Polyelectrolyte composite nanospheres are relatively new adsorbents which have attracted much attention for their efficient pollutant removal and reuse performance. A novel polyelectrolyte nanosphere with magnetic function (SA@AM) was synthesized via the electrostatic reaction between the polyanionic sodium alginate (SA) and the surface of a prepared terminal amino-based magnetic nanoparticles (AMs). SA@AM showed a size of 15-22 nm with 6.85 emu·g-1 of magnetization value, exhibiting a high adsorption capacity on Pb(II) ions representing a common heavy metal pollutant, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 105.8 mg g-1. The Langmuir isotherm adsorption fits the adsorption curve, indicating uniform adsorption of Pb(II) on the SA@AM surfaces. Repeated adsorption desorption experiments showed that the removal ratio of Pb(II) by SA@AM was more than 76%, illustrating improved regeneration performance. These results provide useful information for the production of bio-based green magnetic nano scale adsorption materials for environmental remediation applications.
  6. Fulltext The International Diet-Health Index: a novel tool to evaluate diet quality for cardiometabolic health across countries
    Wang J, Masters WA, Bai Y, Mozaffarian D, Naumova EN, Singh GM
    BMJ Glob Health, 2020 07;5(7).
    PMID: 32694217 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002120
    INTRODUCTION: Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic disease; however, interpretable measures capturing impacts of overall diet on health that can be easily used by policymakers at the global/national levels are not readily available.

    METHODS: We developed the International Diet-Health Index (IDHI) to measure health impacts of dietary intake across 186 countries in 2010, using age-specific and sex-specific data on country-level dietary intake, effects of dietary factors on cardiometabolic diseases and country-specific cardiometabolic disease profiles. The index encompasses the impact of 11 foods/nutrients on 12 cardiometabolic diseases, the mediation of health effects of specific dietary intakes through blood pressure and body mass index and background disease prevalence in each country-age-sex group. We decomposed the index into IDHIbeneficial for risk-reducing factors, and IDHIadverse for risk-increasing factors. The flexible functional form of the IDHI allows inclusion of additional risk factors and diseases as data become available.

    RESULTS: By sex, women experienced smaller detrimental cardiometabolic effects of diet than men: (females IDHIadverse range: -0.480 (5th percentile, 95th percentile: -0.932, -0.300) to -0.314 (-0.543, -0.213); males IDHIadverse range: (-0.617 (-1.054, -0.384) to -0.346 (-0.624, -0.222)). By age, middle-aged adults had highest IDHIbeneficial (females: 0.392 (0.235, 0.763); males: 0.415 (0.243, 0.949)) and younger adults had most extreme IDHIadverse (females: -0.480 (-0.932, -0.300); males: -0.617 (-1.054, -0.384)). Regionally, Central Latin America had the lowest IDHIoverall (-0.466 (-0.892, -0.159)), while Southeast Asia had the highest IDHIoverall (0.272 (-0.224, 0.903)). IDHIoverall was highest in low-income countries and lowest in upper middle-income countries (-0.039 (-0.317, 0.227) and -0.146 (-0.605, 0.303), respectively). Among 186 countries, Honduras had lowest IDHIoverall (-0.721 (-0.916, -0.207)), while Malaysia had highest IDHIoverall (0.904 (0.435, 1.190)).

    CONCLUSION: IDHI encompasses dietary intakes, health effects and country disease profiles into a single index, allowing policymakers a useful means of assessing/comparing health impacts of diet quality between populations.

  7. Fulltext Effects of UV Irradiation and Storage on the Performance of Inverted Red Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes
    Luo Y, Wang J, Wang P, Mai C, Wang J, Yap BK, et al.
    Nanomaterials (Basel), 2021 Jun 18;11(6).
    PMID: 34207371 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061606
    We report the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and storage on the performance of ZnO-based inverted quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). The effects of UV irradiation on the electrical properties of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated. We demonstrate that the charge balance was enhanced by improving the electron injection. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) and power efficiency (PE) of QLEDs were increased by 26% and 143% after UV irradiation for 15 min. In addition, we investigated the storage stabilities of the inverted QLEDs. During the storage period, the electron current from ZnO gradually decreased, causing a reduction in the device current. However, the QLEDs demonstrated improvements in maximum EQE by 20.7% after two days of storage. Our analysis indicates that the suppression of exciton quenching at the interface of ZnO and quantum dots (QDs) during the storage period could result in the enhancement of EQE. This study provides a comprehension of the generally neglected factors, which could be conducive to the realization of high-efficiency and highly storage-stable practical applications.
  8. Fulltext Repurposing Antimalarials to Tackle the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Krishna S, Augustin Y, Wang J, Xu C, Staines HM, Platteeuw H, et al.
    Trends Parasitol, 2021 01;37(1):8-11.
    PMID: 33153922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.003
    Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have demonstrated in vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Artemisinins have also shown anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that plays a key role in the development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is now sufficient evidence for the effectiveness of ACTs, and in particular artesunate/pyronaridine, to support clinical studies for COVID-19 infections.
  9. Associations between TNFSF4 gene polymorphisms (rs2205960 G > A, rs704840 T > G and rs844648 G > A) and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases in Asians: a meta-analysis
    Yang Y, Li X, Li B, Mu L, Wang J, Cheng Y, et al.
    Immunol Invest, 2021 Feb;50(2-3):184-200.
    PMID: 32208776 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1718693
    BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4) has significant role in modulating autoimmune diseases (ADs) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is also related with the susceptibility to some diseases. So a meta-analysis aimed at systematically assessing the associations between TNFSF4 polymorphisms (rs2205960 G > A, rs704840 T > G and rs844648 G > A) and ADs risk was performed in Asians.

    METHODS: Total 14 eligible articles published before March 2019 involving 35 studies, of which 21 studies (16,109 cases and 26,378 controls) for rs2205960 G > A, 8 studies (2,424 cases and 3,692 controls) for rs704840 T > G, and 6 studies (3,839 cases and 5,867 controls) for rs844648 G > A were included. Effects of the three respective polymorphisms on the susceptibility to ADs were estimated by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in allelic, dominant, recessive, heterozygous and homozygous models.

    RESULTS: The overall analysis revealed that all the rs2205960 G > A, rs704840 T > G and rs844648 G > A polymorphisms could increase the risk of ADs in allelic, dominant, recessive, heterozygous and homozygous models. Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that both rs2205960 G > A and rs704840 T > G were significantly associated with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What's more, statistically significant association between rs2205960 G > A polymorphism and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) susceptibility was also observed in allelic, dominant and heterozygous models.

    CONCLUSIONS: This current meta-analysis suggested that all of the three TNFSF4 polymorphisms may be associated with ADs susceptibility in Asians.

  10. Fulltext Discordance between medication adherence and blood pressure control in primary care clinics in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: The problem of therapeutic inertia
    Chan CW, Wang J, Bouniu JJ, Singh P, Teng CL
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2015;9(3):27-32.
    MyJurnal
    Poor adherence to anti-hypertensive agents may be a major contributor for suboptimal blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. This study was conducted to assess the adherence to antihypertensive agents using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) among primary care patients, and to determine whether the blood pressure control is associated with the level of adherence.
  11. Fulltext Resistance Switching Behavior in Rectangle-Nano-Pattern SrTiO3 Induced by Simple Annealing
    Liao X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Kang J, Zhang J, Wang J, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Nov 09;12(22).
    PMID: 31717524 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223698
    The tunability of semi-conductivity in SrTiO3 single crystal substrates has been realized by a simple encapsulated annealing method under argon atmosphere. This high temperature annealing-induced property changes are characterized by the transmission spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption (XAS). We find the optical property is strongly influenced by the annealing time (with significant decrease of transmittance). A sub gap absorption at ~427 nm is detected which is attributed to the introduction of oxygen vacancy. Interestingly, in the SEM images, annealing-induced regularly rectangle nano-patterns are directly observed which is contributed to the conducting filaments. The XAS of O K-edge spectra shows the changes of electronic structure by annealing. Very importantly, resistance switching response is displayed in the annealed SrTiO3 single crystal. This suggests a possible simplified route to tune the conductivity of SrTiO3 and further develop novel resistance switching materials.
  12. Tracing the geographical origin of rice by stable isotopic analyses combined with chemometrics
    Wang J, Chen T, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang S, Chen A
    Food Chem, 2020 May 30;313:126093.
    PMID: 31927205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126093
    Multivariate stable isotope analysis combined with chemometrics was used to investigate and discriminate rice samples from six rice producing provinces in China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan and Guizhou) and four other Asian rice producing countries (Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines, and Pakistan). The stable isotope characteristics were analyzed for rice of different species cultivated with varied farming methods at different altitudes and latitudes/longitudes. The index groups of δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, 207/206Pb and 208/207Pb were screened and established for the selected samples with different geographical features by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA), which would provide a sound technical solution for rice traceability and serve as a template for further research on the traceability of other agricultural products, especially plant-derived products.
  13. A protein nanocomposite for ultra-fast, efficient and non-irritating skin decontamination of nerve agents
    Wang J, Li Y, Huang J, Li W, Luo Y, Sui X, et al.
    Nanoscale, 2020 Feb 21;12(7):4400-4409.
    PMID: 32025678 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09015k
    In recent assassinations reported in London and Malaysia, nerve agents were used to cause death, by skin poisoning. Skin decontamination is the ultimate and most important defense against nerve agent poisoning, because no effective antidote currently exists. However, almost no existing material can achieve effective and rapid decontamination without irritating the skin. This study links proteins that exhibit no decontamination ability with polymers to form a nanocomposite. This creates a nanospace on the surface of the protein that attracts and traps organic molecules, effectively adsorbing the nerve agent Soman within several seconds, without irritating the skin. Analysis of the different components of proteins and polymers reveals that the decontamination efficiency is considerably affected by the thickness of the coated polymer. Moreover, the thickness of the layer is predominantly determined by the size and species of the core and the crosslinking method. Further in vivo experiments on rats poisoned with Soman verify the efficiency and safety of the nanocomposite. These results could be used to design and synthesize more multi-functional and effective decontamination materials.
  14. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Myanmar: G6PD Mahidol (487G>A) is the most common variant in the Myanmar population
    Matsuoka H, Wang J, Hirai M, Arai M, Yoshida S, Kobayashi T, et al.
    J Hum Genet, 2004;49(10):544-547.
    PMID: 15349799 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-004-0187-7
    We conducted a survey of malaria diagnoses and treatments in remote areas of Myanmar. Blood specimens from more than 1,000 people were collected by the finger-prick method, and 121 (11%) of these people were found to be glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient. Of these 121, 50 consented to analysis of the G6PD genome. We read the G6PD sequences of these subjects and found 45 cases of G6PD Mahidol (487G>A), two of G6PD Coimbra (592C>T), two of G6PD Union (1360C>T), and one of G6PD Canton (1376G>T). Taken together with data from our previous report, 91.3% (73/80) of G6PD variants were G6PD Mahidol. This finding suggests that the Myanmar population is derived from homogeneous ancestries and are different from Thai, Malaysian, and Indonesian populations.
  15. Detection of microRNA-335-5p on an Interdigitated Electrode Surface for Determination of the Severity of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
    Lu B, Liu L, Wang J, Chen Y, Li Z, Gopinath SCB, et al.
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2020 May 11;15(1):105.
    PMID: 32394009 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03331-y
    Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) refers to the enlargement of the lower artery of the abdominal aorta, and identification of an early detection tool is urgently needed for diagnosis. In the current study, an interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensing surface was used to identify miRNA-335-5p, which reflects the formation of AAAs. The uniformity of the silica material was observed by 3D profilometry, and the chemically modified highly conductive surface improved the detection via the I-V mode. The targeted miRNA-335-5p was detected in a dose-dependent manner and based on linear regression and 3σ analyses, the sensitivity was determined to be 1 fM with a biotinylated probe. The high specificity was shown by discriminating the target sequence from noncomplementary and single- and triple-mismatched sequences. These outputs demonstrated the high-performance detection of miRNA-335-5p with good reproducibility for determination of the severity of AAA.
  16. Fulltext Cephalomannine inhibits hypoxia-induced cellular function via the suppression of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction in lung cancer
    Ullah A, Leong SW, Wang J, Wu Q, Ghauri MA, Sarwar A, et al.
    Cell Death Dis, 2021 05 14;12(5):490.
    PMID: 33990544 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03771-z
    Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. As one of the key features of tumor microenvironment, hypoxia conditions are associated with poor prognosis in LC patients. Upregulation of hypoxic-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) leads to the activation of various factors that contribute to the increased drug resistance, proliferation, and migration of tumor cells. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APEX1) is a multi-functional protein that regulates several transcription factors, including HIF-1α, that contribute to tumor growth, oxidative stress responses, and DNA damage. In this study, we explored the mechanisms underlying cell responses to hypoxia and modulation of APEX1, which regulate HIF-1α and downstream pathways. We found that hypoxia-induced APEX1/HIF-1α pathways regulate several key cellular functions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9)-mediated intracellular pH, migration, and angiogenesis. Cephalomannine (CPM), a natural compound, exerted inhibitory effects in hypoxic LC cells via the inhibition of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction in vitro and in vivo. CPM can significantly inhibit cell viability, ROS production, intracellular pH, and migration in hypoxic LC cells as well as angiogenesis of HUVECs under hypoxia through the inhibition of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction. Taken together, CPM could be considered as a promising compound for LC treatment.
  17. Microalgal-bacterial granular sludge process for non-aerated aquaculture wastewater treatment
    Fan S, Ji B, Abu Hasan H, Fan J, Guo S, Wang J, et al.
    Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 2021 Aug;44(8):1733-1739.
    PMID: 33772637 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02556-0
    Microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) process has become a focal point in treating municipal wastewater. However, it remains elusive whether the emerging process can be applied for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, which contains considerable concentrations of nitrate and nitrite. This study evaluated the feasibility of MBGS process for aquaculture wastewater treatment. Result showed that the MBGS process was competent to remove respective 64.8%, 84.9%, 70.8%, 50.0% and 84.2% of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus under non-aerated conditions within 8 h. The dominant microalgae and bacteria were identified to be Coelastrella and Rhodobacteraceae, respectively. Further metagenomics analysis implied that microbial assimilation was the main contributor in organics, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Specifically, considerable nitrate and nitrite removals were also obtained with the synergy between microalgae and bacteria. Consequently, this work demonstrated that the MBGS process showed a prospect of becoming an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative in aquaculture wastewater treatment.
  18. Fulltext A Systematic Review of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. in the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications
    Wang Q, Wang J, Li N, Liu J, Zhou J, Zhuang P, et al.
    Molecules, 2022 Jan 10;27(2).
    PMID: 35056765 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020444
    (1) Background: Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. is a traditional medicine used in the treatment of diabetes and chronic renal failure in southern China, Malaysia, and Thailand. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease and the number of diabetic patients in the world is increasing. This review aimed to systematically review the effects of O. stamineus in the treatment of diabetes and its complications and the pharmacodynamic material basis. (2) Methods: This systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), using the databases ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science. (3) Results: Thirty-one articles related to O. stamineus and diabetes were included. The mechanisms of O. stamineus in the treatment of diabetes and its complications mainly included inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, regulating lipid metabolism, promoting insulin secretion, ameliorating insulin resistance, increasing glucose uptake, promoting glycolysis, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, promoting glucagon-likepeptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and antiglycation activity. Phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpenoids might be the main components for hypoglycemia effects in O. stamineus. (4) Conclusion: O. stamineus could be an antidiabetic agent to treat diabetes and its complications. However, it needs further study on a pharmacodynamic substance basis and the mechanisms of effective constituents.
  19. Intra-abdominal hypertension in neonates following congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair: Correlation with early postoperative respiratory and gastrointestinal outcomes
    Thambusamy E, Thambidorai CR, Nah SA, Gan CS, Wang J, Singaravel S, et al.
    J Pediatr Surg, 2022 Feb;57(2):199-202.
    PMID: 34857376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.10.029
    BACKGROUND: Increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is seen in patients after congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair owing to reduction of thoracic contents into the relatively smaller abdominal cavity. In infants, IAP ≥11 mmHg is considered intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH). We aim to determine the incidence of IAH and its relationship with duration of ventilatory support, and gastrointestinal function post CDH repair.

    METHODS: We prospectively recruited all neonates who had CDH repair in four hospitals in Malaysia from June 2018 to October 2020. Intra vesical pressure was used as a proxy for IAP and was measured for 5 consecutive days post surgery. The daily median value was used for analysis. We categorized IAP as <11 mmHg (no IAH), 11-15 mmHg (IAH), and >15 mmHg (severe IAH). Incidence of IAH, its effects on the duration of ventilatory support, and gastrointestinal function were studied.

    RESULTS: There were 24 neonates included in this study. They were operated between day 1 and 6 of life (median: 4 days old). IAH was detected within the first 3 days post surgery, with 83% occurring on day one. Those requiring ventilatory support for more than 3 days contributed the largest proportion of IAH (n = 17, 71%). There was strong correlation between days of IAH and duration of ventilation (p 

  20. Longitudinal associations between sleep quality and menopausal symptoms among community-dwelling climacteric women: A multi-centered study
    Xiong A, Luo B, Li M, Chong M, Wang J, Liao S
    Sleep Med, 2022 Dec;100:198-205.
    PMID: 36113232 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.08.025
    STUDY OBJECTIVES: Menopausal symptoms exist in most climacteric women, which can harm the quality and satisfaction of life for them. Moreover, a series of ineluctable negative life changes experienced in middle-age usually make the situation more complicated and stressful. We aimed to determine the trajectories and influential factors of sleep quality and menopausal symptoms and their longitudinal interrelationships among climacteric women.

    METHODS: A total of 1875 community-dwelling climacteric women were included in this study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) were adopted to assess sleep quality and menopausal symptoms, respectively. Data were collected 4 times from March 2019 to December 2019, at a 3-month interval.

    RESULTS: The Cross-lagged analysis showed that worse sleep quality and more severe menopausal symptoms over time after controlling for specified covariates, and more severe menopausal symptoms were predicted by declined sleep quality. The Generalized estimation equation model showed that education level, marital status, chronic diseases, life events, income, and age were the influential factors of sleep quality, while menopausal symptoms were impacted by marital status and income.

    CONCLUSIONS: Increasing negative sleep quality and more severe menopausal symptoms over time contribute to the health burden of climacteric women. Menopausal symptoms could be alleviated by sleep quality improvement, which is influenced by education level, marital status, chronic diseases, life events, age, and economic factors.

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