Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 264 in total

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  1. Mooi LY, Wahab NA, Lajis NH, Ali AM
    Chem Biodivers, 2010 May;7(5):1267-75.
    PMID: 20491082 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900193
    Bioassay-guided fractionation of a MeOH extract of tubers of Coleus tuberosus afforded the active anti-tumor-promoting compounds identified as the triterpenoid 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (maslinic acid; CT2) and a phytosterol mixture (CT1). CT1 consists of stigmasterol (32%), beta-sitosterol (40.3%), and campesterol (27.7%) as determined by capillary gas chromatography. CT1 and CT2 showed very strong anti-tumor-promoting activities at IC(50) 0.7 microg/ml and 0.1 microg/ml, respectively, in a convenient, short-term in vitro assay, i.e., the inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and sodium butyrate. We report for the first time the anti-tumor-promoting activity of 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid and show that a mixture of stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, and campesterol is more potent than the individual components in inhibiting tumor-promoting activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  2. Gan CY, Etoh T, Hayashi M, Komiyama K, Kam TS
    J Nat Prod, 2010 Jun 25;73(6):1107-11.
    PMID: 20515042 DOI: 10.1021/np1001187
    Four new bisindole alkaloids of the Strychnos-Strychnos type, leucoridines A-D (1-4), were isolated from the stem-bark extract of Leuconotis griffithii. Alkaloids 1-4 showed moderate cytotoxicity against drug-sensitive and vincristine-resistant human KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  3. Gan CY, Low YY, Robinson WT, Komiyama K, Kam TS
    Phytochemistry, 2010 Aug;71(11-12):1365-70.
    PMID: 20542302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.05.015
    Leucofoline and leuconoline, representing the first members of the aspidospermatan-aspidospermatan and eburnane-sarpagine subclasses of the bisindole alkaloids, respectively, were isolated from the Malayan Leuconotis griffithii. The structures of these bisindole alkaloids were established using NMR and MS analysis, and in the case of leuconoline, confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Both alkaloids showed weak cytotoxicity towards human KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  4. Hasima N, Aun LI, Azmi MN, Aziz AN, Thirthagiri E, Ibrahim H, et al.
    Phytomedicine, 2010 Oct;17(12):935-9.
    PMID: 20729047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.011
    Medicinal plants containing active natural compounds have been used as an alternative treatment for cancer patients in many parts of the world especially in Asia (Itharat et al. 2004). In this report, we describe the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of 1'S-1'-acetoxyeugenol acetate (AEA), an analogue of 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), isolated from the Malaysian ethno-medicinal plant Alpinia conchigera Griff (Zingiberaceae) on human breast cancer cells. Data from MTT cell viability assays indicated that AEA induced both time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity with an IC(50) value of 14.0 μM within 36 h of treatment on MCF-7 cells, but not in HMEC normal control cells. Both annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometric analysis and DNA fragmentation assays confirmed that AEA induced cell death via apoptosis. AEA was also found to induce cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells at the G(0)/G(1) phase with no adverse cell cycle arrest effects on HMEC normal control cells. It was concluded that AEA isolated from the Malaysian tropical ginger represents a potential chemotherapeutic agent against human breast cancer cells with higher cytotoxicity potency than its analogue, ACA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  5. Mohan S, Abdul AB, Abdelwahab SI, Al-Zubairi AS, Sukari MA, Abdullah R, et al.
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2010 Oct 5;131(3):592-600.
    PMID: 20673794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.043
    The plant Typhonium flagelliforme (TF), commonly known as 'rodent tuber' in Malaysia, is often used as traditional remedy for cancer, including leukemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  6. Lai HY, Lim YY, Kim KH
    PMID: 20429956 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-15
    Blechnum orientale Linn. (Blechnaceae) is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of various skin diseases, stomach pain, urinary bladder complaints and sterilization of women. The aim of the study was to evaluate antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial activity of five solvent fractions obtained from the methanol extract of the leaves of Blechnum orientale Linn.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  7. Yaacob NS, Hamzah N, Nik Mohamed Kamal NN, Zainal Abidin SA, Lai CS, Navaratnam V, et al.
    PMID: 20684795 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-42
    The leaves of Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus) which is native to the regions of Madagascar to the Malay Archipelago, are used in folk medicine for their antidiabetic, diuretic, anticancer and blood pressure lowering properties. Crude extracts of this plant have been found to be cytotoxic to human cancer cell lines and protective against chemically-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. In this study, the cytotoxicity of various sub-fractions of dichloromethane extract isolated from the leaves of S. crispus was determined and the anticancer activity of one of the bioactive sub-fractions, SC/D-F9, was further analysed in breast and prostate cancer cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  8. Tang YQ, Jaganath IB, Sekaran SD
    PLoS One, 2010;5(9):e12644.
    PMID: 20838625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012644
    Phyllanthus is a traditional medicinal plant that has been used in the treatment of many diseases including hepatitis and diabetes. The main aim of the present work was to investigate the potential cytotoxic effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of four Phyllanthus species (P.amarus, P.niruri, P.urinaria and P.watsonii) against skin melanoma and prostate cancer cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  9. Malek SN, Phang CW, Ibrahim H, Norhanom AW, Sim KS
    Molecules, 2011 Jan 14;16(1):583-9.
    PMID: 21240148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16010583
    The methanol and fractionated extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and water) of Alpinia mutica (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes were investigated for their cytotoxic effect against six human carcinoma cell lines, namely KB, MCF7, A549, Caski, HCT116, HT29 and non-human fibroblast cell line (MRC 5) using an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. The ethyl acetate extract possessed high inhibitory effect against KB, MCF7 and Caski cells (IC₅₀ values of 9.4, 19.7 and 19.8 µg/mL, respectively). Flavokawin B (1), 5,6-dehydrokawain (2), pinostrobin chalcone (3) and alpinetin (4), isolated from the active ethyl acetate extract were also evaluated for their cytotoxic activity. Of these, pinostrobin chalcone (3) and alpinetin (4) were isolated from this plant for the first time. Pinostrobin chalcone (3) displayed very remarkable cytotoxic activity against the tested human cancer cells, such as KB, MCF7 and Caski cells (IC₅₀ values of 6.2, 7.3 and 7.7 µg/mL, respectively). This is the first report of the cytotoxic activity of Alpinia mutica.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  10. Kamarulzaman FA, Shaari K, Ho AS, Lajis NH, Teo SH, Lee HB
    Chem Biodivers, 2011 Mar;8(3):494-502.
    PMID: 21404433 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000341
    In our screening program for new photosensitizers from Malaysian biodiversity for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer, MeOH extracts of ten terrestrial plants from Cameron Highlands in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia, were tested. In a short-term 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 20 μg/ml each of these extracts were incubated in a pro-myelocytic leukemia cell-line, HL60, with or without irradiation with 9.6 J/cm(2) of a broad spectrum light. Three samples, Labisia longistyla, Dichroa febrifuga, and Piper penangense, were photocytotoxic by having at least twofold lower cell viability when irradiated compared to the unirradiated assay. The extract of the leaves of Piper penangense, a shrub belonging to the family Piperaceae and widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions in the world, was subsequently subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation using standard chromatography methods. Eight derivatives of pheophorbide-a and -b were identified from the fractions that exhibited strong photocytotoxicity. By spectroscopic analysis, these compounds were identified as pheophorbide-a methyl ester (1), (R,S)-13(2) -hydroxypheophorbide-a methyl ester (2 and 3), pheophorbide-b methyl ester (4), 13(2) -hydroxypheophorbide-b methyl ester (5), 15(2) -hydroxylactone pheophorbide-a methyl ester (6), 15(2) -methoxylactone pheophorbide-a methyl ester (7), 15(2) -methoxylactone pheophorbide-b methyl ester (8).
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  11. Yap WS, Gan CY, Low YY, Choo YM, Etoh T, Hayashi M, et al.
    J Nat Prod, 2011 May 27;74(5):1309-12.
    PMID: 21428274 DOI: 10.1021/np200008g
    Three new indole alkaloids (1-3), named grandilodines A-C, and five known ones were obtained from the Malayan Kopsia grandifolia. The structures were established using NMR and MS analyses and, in the case of 1 and 2, were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses. Alkaloids 1, 3, and lapidilectine B (8) were found to reverse multidrug resistance in vincristine-resistant KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  12. Ooi KL, Muhammad TS, Tan ML, Sulaiman SF
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2011 Jun 1;135(3):685-95.
    PMID: 21497647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.001
    The decoction of the whole plant of Elephantopus mollis Kunth. is traditionally consumed to treat various free radical-mediated diseases including cancer and diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  13. Ee GC, Teo SH, Rahmani M, Lim CK, Lim YM, Go R
    Nat Prod Res, 2011 Jun;25(10):995-1003.
    PMID: 21644180 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.534471
    A new furanodihydrobenzoxanthone, artomandin (1), together with three other flavonoid derivatives, artoindonesianin C, artonol B, and artochamin A, as well as β-sitosterol were isolated from the stem bark of Artocarpus kemando. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral evidence. All of these compounds displayed inhibition effects to a very susceptible degree in cancer cell line tests. Compound 1 also exhibited significant antioxidant capacity in the free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl tests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  14. Syam S, Abdul AB, Sukari MA, Mohan S, Abdelwahab SI, Wah TS
    Molecules, 2011 Aug 23;16(8):7155-70.
    PMID: 21862957 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16087155
    Murraya koenigii is an edible herb widely used in folk medicine. Here we report that girinimbine, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from this plant, inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells. The MTT and LDH assay results showed that girinimbine decreased cell viability and increased cytotoxicity in a dose-and time-dependent manner selectively. Girinimbine-treated HepG2 cells showed typical morphological features of apoptosis, as observed from normal inverted microscopy and Hoechst 33342 assay. Furthermore, girinimbine treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and elevated levels of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells. Girinimbine treatment also displayed a time-dependent accumulation of the Sub-G(0)/G(1) peak (hypodiploid) and caused G(0)/G(1)-phase arrest. Together, these results demonstrated for the first time that girinimbine could effectively induce programmed cell death in HepG2 cells and suggests the importance of conducting further investigations in preclinical human hepatocellular carcinoma models, especially on in vivo efficacy, to promote girinimbine for use as an anticancer agent against hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  15. Ku WF, Tan SJ, Low YY, Komiyama K, Kam TS
    Phytochemistry, 2011 Dec;72(17):2212-8.
    PMID: 21889176 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.08.001
    A total of 20 alkaloids were isolated from the leaf and stem-bark extracts of Alstonia angustiloba, of which two are hitherto unknown. One is an alkaloid of the angustilobine type (angustilobine C), while the other is a bisindole alkaloid angustiphylline, derived from the union of uleine and secovallesamine moieties. The structures of these alkaloids were established using NMR and MS analysis. Angustilobine C showed moderate cytotoxicity towards KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  16. Wei LS, Wee W, Siong JY, Syamsumir DF
    Acta Med Iran, 2011;49(10):670-4.
    PMID: 22071643
    Peperomia pellucida leaf extract was characterized for its anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities, and chemical compositions. Anticancer activity of P. pellucida leaf extract was determined through Colorimetric MTT (tetrazolium) assay against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line and the antimicrobial property of the plant extract was revealed by using two-fold broth micro-dilution method against 10 bacterial isolates. Antioxidant activity of the plant extract was then characterized using α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and the chemical compositions were screened and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of present study indicated that P. pellucida leaf extract possessed anticancer activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 10.4 ± 0.06 µg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were ranged from 31.25 to 125 mg/l in which the plant extract was found to inhibit the growth of Edwardsiella tarda, Escherichia coli, Flavobacterium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae at 31.25 mg/l; Klebsiella sp., Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio alginolyticus at 62.5 mg/l; and it was able to control the growth of Salmonella sp. and Vibrio parahaemolyticus at 125 mg/l. At the concentration of 0.625 ppt, the plant extract was found to inhibit 30% of DPPH, free radical. Phytol (37.88%) was the major compound in the plant extract followed by 2-Naphthalenol, decahydro- (26.20%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (18.31%) and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (17.61%). Findings from this study indicated that methanol extract of P. pellucida leaf possessed vast potential as medicinal drug especially in breast cancer treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  17. Taha H, Hadi AH, Nordin N, Najmuldeen IA, Mohamad K, Shirota O, et al.
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2011;59(7):896-7.
    PMID: 21720044
    Pseuduvarines A (1) and B (2), two new dioxoaporphine alkaloids with an amino moiety, were isolated from the stem bark of Pseuduvaria rugosa and their structures were elucidated by combination of 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis. Pseuduvarines A (1) and B (2) showed cytotoxicity against MCF7, HepG2, and HL-60 (1: IC₅₀, 0.9, 21.7, and >50.0 µM, respectively, 2: IC₅₀ >50.0, 15.7, and 12.4 µM, respectively).
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  18. Zakaria ZA, Mohamed AM, Jamil NS, Rofiee MS, Hussain MK, Sulaiman MR, et al.
    Am J Chin Med, 2011;39(1):183-200.
    PMID: 21213408
    The in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves were determined in the present study. Assessed using the 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay, the aqueous and methanol extracts of M. calabura inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HT-29, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells while the chloroform extract only inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells. Interestingly, all extracts of M. calabura, which failed to inhibit the MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation, did not inhibit the proliferation of 3T3 (normal) cells, indicating its safety. All extracts (20, 100 and 500 μg/ml) were found to possess antioxidant activity when tested using the DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide scavenging assays with the methanol, followed by the aqueous and chloroform, extract exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity in both assays. The total phenolic content for the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts were 2970.4 ± 6.6, 1279.9 ± 6.1 and 2978.1 ± 4.3 mg/100 g gallic acid, respectively. In conclusion, the M. calabura leaves possess potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities that could be attributed to its high content of phenolic compounds, and thus, needs to be further explored.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  19. Nagoor NH, Shah Jehan Muttiah N, Lim CS, In LL, Mohamad K, Awang K
    PLoS One, 2011;6(8):e23661.
    PMID: 21858194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023661
    The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of erythrocarpine E (CEB4), a limonoid extracted from Chisocheton erythrocarpus on human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Based on preliminary dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, CEB4 treated HSC-4 cells demonstrated a cytotoxic effect and inhibited cell proliferation in a time and dose dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 4.0±1.9 µM within 24 h of treatment. CEB4 was also found to have minimal cytotoxic effects on the normal cell line, NHBE with cell viability levels maintained above 80% upon treatment. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage and DNA fragmentation assay results showed that CEB4 induces apoptosis mediated cell death. Western blotting results demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis by CEB4 appeared to be mediated through regulation of the p53 signalling pathway as there was an increase in p53 phosphorylation levels. CEB4 was also found to up-regulate the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, while down-regulating the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, suggesting the involvement of the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Reduced levels of initiator procaspase-9 and executioner caspase-3 zymogen were also observed following CEB4 exposure, hence indicating the involvement of cytochrome c mediated apoptosis. These results demonstrate the cytotoxic and apoptotic ability of erythrocarpine E, and suggest its potential development as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
  20. Wong PF, Cheong WF, Shu MH, Teh CH, Chan KL, AbuBakar S
    Phytomedicine, 2012 Jan 15;19(2):138-44.
    PMID: 21903368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.07.001
    Bioactive compounds from the medicinal plant, Eurycoma longifolia Jack have been shown to promote anti-proliferative effects on various cancer cell lines. Here we examined the effects of purified eurycomanone, a quassinoid found in Eurycoma longifolia Jack extract, on the expression of selected genes of the A549 lung cancer cells. Eurycomanone inhibited A549 lung cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 μg/ml. The concentration that inhibited 50% of cell growth (GI(50)) was 5.1 μg/ml. The anti-proliferative effects were not fully reversible following the removal of eurycomanone, in which 30% of cell inhibition still remained (p<0.0001, T-test). At 8 μg/ml (GI(70)), eurycomanone suppressed anchorage-independent growth of A549 cells by >25% (p<0.05, T-test, n=8) as determined using soft agar colony formation assay. Cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug used for the treatment of non small cell lung cancer on the other hand, inhibited A549 cells proliferation at concentrations ranging from 0.2 μg/ml to 15 μg/ml with a GI(50) of 0.58 μg/ml. The treatment with eurycomanone reduced the abundance expression of the lung cancer markers, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1, p53 tumor suppressor protein and other cancer-associated genes including prohibitin (PHB), annexin 1 (ANX1) and endoplasmic reticulum protein 28 (ERp28) but not the house keeping genes. The mRNA expressions of all genes with the exception of PHB were significantly downregulated, 72 h after treatment (p<0.05, T-test, n=9). These findings suggest that eurycomanone at viable therapeutic concentrations of 5-20 μg/ml exhibited significant anti-proliferative and anti-clonogenic cell growth effects on A549 lung cancer cells. The treatment also resulted in suppression of the lung cancer cell tumor markers and several known cancer cell growth-associated genes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
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