Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 933 in total

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  1. Azlan Derwish, Nur Ikhwan Mohamad, Nor Fazila Abd Malek
    MyJurnal
    This research was undertaken to determine the physical characteristics among successful soldiers participating in the Basic Commando Course series 1/AK 2014 for 12 weeks, at Sungai Udang Camp, Malacca. A total of 37 male soldiers who had passed the commando practice test were selected to participate in this research, with special approval from the Malaysian Armed Forces Training Base. The anthropometric data of the body and fitness levels, were taken before, during and after the entire duration of the training. The successful commando candidates (commando trainees) aged 22.3±2.85 years, with a mean height of 1.71±0.03 m, mean weight of 60.76±5.18 kg, mean BMI of 22.02±1.38 kg/m2, and mean waist circumference of 68.92±2.48 cm. All physical fitness parameters showed a decrease in the level of physical fitness from the beginning to the end of the study period. In conclusion, the Malaysian commando selection training for twelve weeks produced a significant negative impact on the level of fitness of the military personnel involved. These study findings demonstrate the need for a specific recovery program after the commando’s training session, for the welfare of members and to ensure that the physical preparedness of the trainees has returned back to its pre-training maximum level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  2. Karas LA, Nor Hanipah Z, Cetin D, Schauer PR, Brethauer SA, Daigle CR, et al.
    Surg Obes Relat Dis, 2021 Jan;17(1):153-160.
    PMID: 33046419 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.08.016
    BACKGROUND: Despite thromboprophylaxis, postoperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism occur after bariatric surgery, perhaps because of failure to achieve optimal prophylactic levels in the obese population.

    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of prophylactic dosing of enoxaparin in patients with severe obesity by performing an antifactor Xa (AFXa) assay.

    SETTING: An academic medical center METHODS: In this observational study, all bariatric surgery cases at an academic center between December 2016 and April 2017 who empirically received prophylactic enoxaparin (adjusted by body mass index [BMI] threshold of 50 kg/m2) were studied. The AFXa was measured 3-5 hours after the second dose of enoxaparin.

    RESULTS: A total of 105 patients were included; 85% were female with a median age of 47 years. In total, 16 patients (15.2%) had AFXa levels outside the prophylactic range: 4 (3.8%) cases were in the subprophylactic and 12 (11.4%) cases were in the supraprophylactic range. Seventy patients had a BMI <50 kg/m2 and empirically received enoxaparin 40 mg every 12 hours; AFXa was subprophylactic in 4 (5.7%) and supraprophylactic in 6 (8.6%) of these patients. Of the 35 patients with a BMI ≥50 who empirically received enoxaparin 60 mg q12h, no AFXa was subprophylactic and 6 (17.1%) were supraprophylactic. Five patients (4.8%) had major bleeding complications. One patient developed pulmonary embolism on postoperative day 35.

    CONCLUSION: BMI-based thromboprophylactic dosing of enoxaparin after bariatric surgery could be suboptimal in 15% of patients with obesity. Overdosing of prophylactic enoxaparin can occur more commonly than underdosing. AFXa testing can be a practical way to measure adequacy of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis, especially in patients who are at higher risk for venous thromboembolism or bleeding.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  3. Lee, Yi Yi, Narimah Samat, Wan Manan Wan Muda
    Malays J Nutr, 2017;23(3):397-408.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Physical activity has been shown to be beneficial for the prevention of
    obesity and non-communicable diseases. Our contemporary way of life that is technology
    dependent has significantly reduced physical activity. This study aimed to determine
    accelerometer-measured physical activity (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA))
    among adults in high and low walkability neighbourhoods in Penang and Kota Bharu,
    Malaysia.

    Methods: Participants (n=490) were sampled using multistage sampling method
    from neighbourhoods with varied levels of walkability using Geographical Information
    System (GIS). Physical activity was measured objectively using Actigraph GT3X+
    accelerometers, worn by the participants on their waists for a period of 5 to 7 days.

    Results:
    The participants had a mean of 13.5 min/day of MVPA. Total MVPA was significantly
    higher among participants in high walkability neighbourhoods (19.7 min/day vs. 9.1 min/
    day). Results from t-test showed that the time spent on MVPA per day was significantly
    lower among participants residing in low walkability neighbourhoods. The final model
    of the MIXED model statistical tests showed that total MVPA was significantly associated
    with BMI, but not with WC measurements, after adjusting for covariates.

    Conclusion: Most
    of the participants had very low MVPA and did not achieve the current physical activity
    recommendations, implying that Malaysian adults residing in these two cities were not
    physically active to achieve health benefits. Results are suggestive of the importance of the
    walkability concept in neighbourhoods in encouraging physical activity and healthy body
    weight among Malaysians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  4. Zulkipli MS, Rampal S, Bulgiba A, Peramalah D, Jamil N, See LLC, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2021 07 01;115(7):764-771.
    PMID: 33587144 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab021
    BACKGROUND: Dengue, an acute infectious disease caused by a flavivirus, is a threat to global health. There is sparse evidence exploring obesity and the development of more severe dengue cases in adults. With increasing prevalence of obesity in areas with a high risk of dengue infection, obesity may increase the burden and mortality related to dengue infection. Our study aimed to determine the association between obesity and the development of more severe dengue infection in primary healthcare settings and whether these associations were modified by dengue fever phase.

    METHODS: A cohort study was conducted among laboratory-confirmed dengue patients aged >18 y in the central region of Peninsular Malaysia from May 2016 to November 2017. We collected demographic, clinical history, physical examination and laboratory examination information using a standardized form. Dengue severity (DS) was defined as either dengue with warning signs or severe dengue. Participants underwent daily follow-up, during which we recorded their vital signs, warning signs and full blood count results. Incidence of DS was modeled using mixed-effects logistic regression. Changes in platelet count and hematocrit were modeled using mixed-effects linear regression. The final multivariable models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and previous dengue infection.

    RESULTS: A total of 173 patients were enrolled and followed up. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 37.4±13.75 kg/m2. The majority of patients were Malay (65.9%), followed by Chinese (17.3%), Indian (12.7%) and other ethnic groups (4.1%). A total of 90 patients (52.0%) were male while 36 patients (20.8%) had a previous history of dengue infection. BMI was significantly associated with DS (adjusted OR=1.17; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.34) and hematocrit (%) (aβ=0.09; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.16), but not with platelet count (x103/µL) (aβ=-0.01; 95% CI -0.84 to 0.81). In the dose response analysis, we found that as BMI increases, the odds of DS, hematocrit levels and platelet levels increase during the first phase of dengue fever.

    CONCLUSION: Higher BMI and higher hematocrit levels were associated with higher odds of DS. Among those with high BMI, the development of DS was observed during phase one of dengue fever instead of during phase two. These novel results could be used by clinicians to help them risk-stratify dengue patients for closer monitoring and subsequent prevention of severe dengue complications.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  5. Alhabeeb H, Baradwan S, Kord-Varkaneh H, Tan SC, Low TY, Alomar O, et al.
    Eat Weight Disord, 2021 Oct;26(7):2117-2125.
    PMID: 33423153 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01101-4
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Very few studies have investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), and conclusions from these available studies have been inconsistent. To resolve this inconsistency, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to precisely examine the association between BMI and UTI.

    METHODS: This meta-analysis was performed based on the PRISMA recommendations. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched for all published observational studies that reported the risk of UTI based on BMI categories up to March 2020.

    RESULTS: Fourteen (n = 14) articles comprising 19 studies in different populations met our inclusion criteria. The overall analysis showed a significant increased risk of UTI in subjects affected by obesity vs. individuals without obesity (RR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.28 - 1.63; I2 = 94%), and a non-significant increased risk of UTI in subjects who were overweight (RR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.98 - 1.10; I2 = 49.6%) and underweight (RR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.81 - 21; I2 = 0.0%) when compared to subjects who had normal weight. In the stratified analysis, we showed that obesity increased the risk of UTI in females (RR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.38 - 1.93) and in subjects below 60 years old (RR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.33 - 1.75).

    CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis recognized a significant relationship between BMI and incidence of UTI in obese vs. non-obese subjects, as well as in females and in individuals below 60 years old.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  6. Ng CM, Satvinder K, Koo HC, Yap RWK, Mukhtar F
    Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2021 Sep;91(5-6):522-530.
    PMID: 32463351 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000655
    Involving school-age children in the preparation of healthy meals is shown to be associated with positive eating behavior. Yet, it remains unclear whether this can extend to their nutritional status. The present study aimed to determine the association of school-age children's psychosocial factors (knowledge, attitude, practice, self-efficacy) towards healthy meal preparation with their nutritional status (BMI-for-age, waist circumference, body fat percentage). Stratified random sampling was used to select primary schools (n = 8) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Two hundred school children aged between 9-11 years old were involved. Psychosocial factors towards healthy meal preparation were assessed using validated questionnaire. Anthropometry measures were determined using standard protocol. Almost half (46 %) of the school-age children were obese/overweight, 39 % were abdominally obese and 40 % were overfat. Approximately half had poor knowledge (49 %), poor practice (45 %), good attitude (56 %) and good self-efficacy (47 %) towards healthy meal preparation. Significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge with attitude (r = 0.23, p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  7. Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat, Ismarulyusda Ishak, Syarif Husin Lubis, See, Huong Wen, Siti Nor Lily Suriyanee Mohd, Norul Sahira Zakaria, et al.
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(2):190-197.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between stress score and body mass index (BMI) of students of Science in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 126 students. Data about stress score were collected using a questionnaire, the Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI) Data about BMI were calculated from height and weight of the respondents. Results: A total of 117 (92.85%) out of 126 students had responded. The mean difference of stress score among first, second and third year students were 87.6 ± 17.0, 83.4 ± 16.9 and 86.7 ± 15.4 respectively. The mean difference of stress scores between the Bumiputra and non-Bumiputra students were 87.9 ± 16.5 and 83.2 ± 15.9 .The mean of body mass Index(BMI) between first, second and third year students were 21.0 ± 3.5, 20.3 ± 2.7 and 21.8 ± 4.3 respectively. Conclusions: This study showed that the stress level is higher in first year, female and bumiputra student. There was no significant relationship between stress score and BMI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  8. Hishamuddin Ahmad, Noraziera Abdul Aziz
    MyJurnal
    The development of motor skills is fundamental to the continued movement and specific skills in the sport. The development of motor skills concurrent with their age allows them to acquire and master locomotor and object control skills through physical activity. This study aims to identify the gross motor developmental stage among six year old girls at the National Child Development Research Center, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. This study focuses on the level of gross motor development and the relationship between Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the children. Gross motor development data was obtained using the Test of Gross Motor Development, Second Edition (TGMD-2). BMI data was determined from existing formula. The gross motor development of the children in this study was 95%. This is based on the percentile level of gross motor development (GMQ percentile). Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative relationship between GMQ and BMI for these children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  9. Lim KG
    Med J Malaysia, 2016 06;71(Suppl 1):1-19.
    PMID: 27801384 MyJurnal
    A literature search of articles as detailed in the paper Bibliography of clinical research in Malaysia: methods and brief results, using the MESH terms Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal; and Overweight; covering the years 2000 till 2015 was undertaken and 265 articles were identified. Serial population studies showed that the prevalence of obesity increased rapidly in Malaysia in the last decade of the twentieth century. This follows the rising availability of food per capita which had been begun two to three decades previously. Almost every birth cohort, even up to those in their seventh decade increased in prevalence of overweight and obesity between 1996 and 2006. However, the rise in prevalence in obesity appears to have plateaued after the first decade of the twentieth century. Women are more obese than men and Malays and Indians are more obese than Chinese. The Orang Asli (Aborigines) are the least obese ethnic group in Malaysia but that may change with socioeconomic development. Neither living in rural areas nor having low income protects against obesity. On the contrary, a tertiary education and an income over RM4,000/month is associated with less obesity. Malaysians are generally not physically active enough, in the modes of transportation they use and how they use their leisure time. Other criteria and measures of obesity have been investigated, such as the relevance of abdominal obesity, and the Asian criteria or Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-offs value of 23.0 kg/m2 for overweight and 27.0 kg/m2 for obesity, with the view that the risk of diabetes and other chronic diseases start to increase at lower values in Asians compared to Europeans. Nevertheless the standard World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for obesity are still most widely used and hence is the best common reference. Guidelines for the management of obesity have been published and projects to combat obesity are being run. However, more effort needs to be invested. Studies on intervention programmes showed that weight loss is not easy to achieve nor maintain. Laboratory research worldwide has uncovered several genetic and biochemical markers associated with obesity. Similar studies in Malaysia have found some biomarkers with an association to obesity in the local population but none of great significance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  10. Chin, S.P., Shahrin Tarmizi Che Abdullah, How, S.H., Sapari Satwi, Khalid Abdul Kadir
    MyJurnal
    Patient understanding and perception of diabetes control is important if clinicians were to allow diabetes patients to play a central role in management of their illness. We conducted a survey to see what diabetic patients generally thought of their understanding of disease and glycemic control; if these perceptions were accurate and related to complications.
    One hundred and eight consecutive patients (mean age 52.7± 13 years, BMI 27±5.2 kg/m2, HbA1c 9.2±2.2 %) attending diabetes clinic participated including 63% women, 60% primary or no education, and 47% duration of diabetes >10 years. 54% claimed to have a good understanding although nearly half answered questions on diabetes management and targets wrongly. 32% perceived their glycemic control to be good and were found to have lower baseline HbA1c (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  11. Nor Azura Azmi, Nor Azlin Mohd. Nordin, Nor Azila Noh
    MyJurnal
    The study evaluated the function of median sensory nerve fibers, as well as determining the relationship between its function with the duration of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and body mass index (BMI) among CTS patients in Physiotherapy Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Hospital (HUKM). Thirty subjects (6 males and 24 females) with mean age 53.30 +/- 9.20 years and duration of the CTS 51.17 +/- 50.22 months participated in this study. The sensitivity of median sensory nerve was evaluated using Current Perception Threshold (CPT) Test with stimulation frequencies of 5 Hz, 250 Hz and 2000 Hz; which demonstrated the function of C, A-delta and A-beta nerve fiber respectively. Majority of the CTS patients had normal function in the 3 types of median sensory nerve fiber. Forty percents of the subjects had abnormality in the Aa function, 7% had abnormality of the A-beta function and 27% demonstrated abnormality in the C fiber function. Spearman Correlation Test showed no significant relationship between the function of median sensory nerve and the duration of CTS and body mass index (BMI) (p > 0.05). In conclusion, although majority of the patients demonstrated normal median sensory nerve function, abnormality of the A-beta, A-delta and C fibers sensitivity in some patients requires attention to prevent worsening of the nerve function thus avoiding related complications. Physiotherapists in HUKM may intensify the use of nerve stimulating modalities such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to normalize the nerve functions of these patients.
    Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Current perception threshold; Median sensory nerve sensitivity; Body mass index
    Study site: Physiotherapy Unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  12. Marhani Midin, Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar, Ruzanna Zam Zam, Che Khatijjah Bee Mohd Ali
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To describe the setting up of a pilot project on weight management programme for patients with severe mental illness (SMI) in a general hospital setting, the effectiveness of the programme on 5 patients and the feasibility of such programme to be developed in our local setting. Methods: Key staff members from relevant disciplines were involved through out the programme, which was based on dietary education, exercise and behavioural techniques. It was conducted weekly for physical exercise and biweekly for topic discussion with a total duration of 16 weeks. Results: Patients achieved means (SDs) weight loss of 1.78 (2.83) kg; BMI reduction of 0.92 (1.41) kg/m2; and reduction of waist circumference of 6.8 (4.97) cm. Factors associated with positive health outcome were high baseline BMI, high educational level and committed family members. Conclusion: The programme appears to be effective for patients and is feasible to be developed in Malaysian hospitals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  13. Zulkifli Mohd Yusof, Syed Ahmad Ezahar Syed Ambon, Junaidy Mohamad Hashim
    MyJurnal
    Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(1): 49-64, 2016 - The aim of this study is
    to assess health related physical fitness of MSKPPM soccer players (Veteran Category).
    Besides that, this study also aims to see whether there is any differences based on the health
    related components of physical fitness according to age group. The samples of this study were
    40 soccer players who were involved in a selection, aged between 40 to 49 years. Test battery
    used in this study is Prudential FITNESSGRAM® by Cooper Institute for Aerobic Research
    (1992) which includes PACER 20 meter Multistage run, push up, curl up, trunk lift and body
    mass index (BMI). Data analysis showed that there is significant difference on the different
    components of health related physical fitness for the different age groups. Age 40-41, Pacer
    [min: 24.66; SD: 2.88], curl up [min:33.33; SD: 5.20], push up [min: 46.83; SD: 3.65], trunk
    lift [min: 43.16;SD: 13.58] and BMI [min:42.46; SD: 5.99]. Age 42-43, Pacer [min: 24.38; SD:
    2.29], curl up [min:41.08; SD: 9.26], push up [min: 48.41; SD: 6.12], trunk lift [min: 47.16;SD:
    9.35] and BMI [min:42.66; SD: 5.40]. Age 44-45, Pacer [min: 24.36; SD: 2.66], curl up
    [min:39.75; SD: 9.69], push up [min: 48.00; SD: 5.81], trunk lift [min: 45.92;SD: 9.51] and
    BMI [min:41.69; SD: 5.62]. Age 46-47, Pacer [min: 20.65; SD: 3.51], curl up [min: 19.40; SD:
    1.67], push up [min: 44.20; SD: 1.78], trunk lift [min: 30.60;SD: 8.50] and BMI [min: 33.92;
    SD: 4.13]. Age 48-49, Pacer [min: 27.26; SD: 0.55], curl up [min: 17.00; SD: 3.60], push up
    [min: 47.33; SD: 2.88], trunk lift [min: 29.00;SD: 8.18] and BMI [min: 30.23; SD: 3.45]. The
    results of this study can be used by the coaches in Malaysia to ensure that players involved in
    any tournaments has excellent fitness level and to avoid from making aggressive actions which
    may cause tense situation among players. The results of this study is hope to convince all
    players and coaches on the importance of good physical fitness as it will positively affect the level of playing to be more effective and high quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  14. Yin, Jerusha Chan Poe, Ashril Yusof, Victor Selvarajah Selvanayagam
    MyJurnal
    Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(2): 1-8, 2016 - The objective of this
    study was to determine the number of familiarisation sessions required for isokinetic knee
    extension and flexion in female varsity athletes. Thirty right footed dominance female varsity
    athletes (n=30; age: 21.73 ±0.22 years, body mass index (BMI): 22.58 ±0.52 kg/m2), with no
    history of knee injuries were recruited. The design started with either with the dominant or
    non-dominant limb, followed by the opposite limb. Four sets of isokinetic maximal voluntary
    contraction at 60 o/s were performed for each limb. The results showed that for knee
    extension regardless of which limb starts first is 2 sessions, however for knee flexion, 3
    sessions is required for dominant limb while 2 for non-dominant. In addition, the presence of
    cross-education effect is observed for knee flexion from non-dominant to dominant limb,
    where the number of session was reduced from three to two. In conclusion, we propose that
    two sessions of familiarisation are required for female varsity athletes and should begin with the non-dominant limb followed by dominant limb.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  15. Ishak A, Mohd Yusoff SS, Wan Abdullah W
    Malays Fam Physician, 2018;13(3):44-46.
    PMID: 30800235 MyJurnal
    A 26-year-old woman with an unknown medical illness presented with yellowish skin lesions around both eyes, visible for the past 4 years. The lesions were neither itchy nor tender and had increased gradually in size. She had neither constitutional nor hyperthyroidism symptoms. She is the youngest out of four siblings, and none of her family members have cardiovascular disease or similar problems. Upon examination, there were bilateral yellowish plaques over the periorbital region. Her body mass index (BMI) was 23.8 kg/m2. Her vital signs were all normal at every visit.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  16. Ruzita AT, Osman A, Khalid AK
    Family Physician, 1994;6:12-14.
    The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with diabetic control among Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) in a Felda settlement area. METHODS: We analyzed the anthropometric and metabolic data of sixty three NIDDM patients in Felda Sg Koyan, Raub, Pahang. Diabetic control, was measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1) and fructosamine; it showed a strong correlation (r=12.8 and p-0.001). With the use of a multivariate regression model, which was adjusted for sex, age, dhration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure, we found that the occurrence of higher fructosamine was associated with significantly higher HbA1 (F =7.8, p=0.01). RESULTS: Obesity was present in 72% of diabetic patients with BMI>25 and had a mean duration of diabetes of 6+4 years. Mean HbAl among males (6.8 + 1.6%) were significantly different (p 0.05) to diabetic control. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that males have a better diabetic control than females. Poor control was observed among diabetics who had diabetes for more than five years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  17. Ahmad Fuad AF, Ismail S, Abdul Rahman H
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: About 18% of Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) personnel are diagnosed with either hypertension, diabetes or coronary artery disease, while another 8% are obese. The rising prevalence necessitates intervention.
    Methods: This is a single blinded randomized controlled trial among overweight and obese MAF personnel attending medical checkup in MAF hospital in Kuala Lumpur. An intervention module was developed to increase their physical activity level. Short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity in metabolic equivalent of task score (METs score), while blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile and fasting blood sugar measurements were also obtained. These parameters were measured at baseline and again at 6 months. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) statistical test were applied to evaluate the effect of the intervention.
    Results: Response rate was 100%. Most of participants were aged above 40 years, male, from Malay ethnic group, completed secondary education and had monthly income above RM 4000. Most of the respondents were obese and had moderate level of physical activity at baseline. All variables compared between groups at baseline showed no significant difference. At six months, after controlling for covariates, the significant difference was only in METs score. The odds of having high METs score in the intervention group after receiving intervention was nearly 3 times higher than those in the control group, after adjusting for interaction between time and group as well as other covari- ates (AOR = 2.908, 95% CI 1.323 – 6.391, P=0.008).
    Conclusion: Intervention was effective in increasing physical activity among overweight and obese military personnel.
    Study site: Malaysian Armed Forces Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  18. Ahmad A, Zulaily N, Shahril MR, Wafa SW, Mohd Amin R, Piernas C, et al.
    BMC Pediatr, 2021 09 23;21(1):418.
    PMID: 34556071 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02899-3
    BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity has been associated with increased odds of adult obesity and co-morbidities in later life. Finding the key determinants may help in designing the most appropriate and effective interventions to prevent obesity. This study aimed to identify the determinants of obesity among school adolescents in a sub-urban state of Malaysia.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 1,404 school adolescents aged 12 years (46% boys and 54% girls). Socio-demographic, dietary and physical activity data were collected using questionnaires whilst body weight and height were measured and body mass index was classified based on WHO BMI-for-age Z-scores cut-off.

    RESULTS: A multivariable linear regression model showed that BMI z-score was positively associated with parents' BMI (P<0.001), birth weight (P=0.003), and serving size of milk and dairy products (P=0.036) whilst inversely associated with household size (P=0.022). Overall, 13.1% of the variances in BMI Z-scores were explained by parents' BMI, birth weight, servings of milk and dairy products and household size.

    CONCLUSION: This study found important determinants of body weight status among adolescents mainly associated with family and home environmental factor. This evidence could help to form the effective and tailored strategies at the earliest stage to prevent obesity in this population.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  19. Radwan H, Hashim M, Hasan H, Abbas N, Obaid RRS, Al Ghazal H, et al.
    Br J Nutr, 2022 Oct 14;128(7):1401-1412.
    PMID: 34294166 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521002762
    During the first 1000 d of life, gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) are considered critical determinants of nutritional status. This study examined the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy on GWG and PPWR at 2 and 6 months among women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), using data from the Mother-Infant Study Cohort. The latter is a prospective study, for which pregnant women were recruited (n 243) during their third trimester and were followed up for 18 months. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were obtained. An eighty-six-item FFQ was used to examine dietary intake during pregnancy. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the alternate MD (aMED) and the Lebanese MD (LMD). Adherence to the MD, PPWR2 (2 months) and PPWR6 (6 months) were considered high if participants belonged to the third tertile of the respective measures. Results indicated that 57·5 % of participants had excessive GWG while 50·7 % and 45 % retained ≥ 5 kg at 2 and 6 months postpartum, respectively. After adjustment, adherence to both MD scores was associated with lower odds of excessive GWG (aMED, OR:0·41, 95 % CI:0·18, 0·93; LMD, OR:0·40, 95 % CI: 0·16, 0·98). Adherence to MD was also associated with PPWR2 (aMED: OR: 0·23, 95 % CI: 0·06, 0·88) and PPWR6 (aMED OR:0·26; 95 % CI:0·08-0·86; LMD, OR:0·32; 95 % CI: 0·1, 0·98). The findings of this study showed that adherence to the MD may reduce GWG and PPWR and, hence, underscored the importance of promoting the MD for better health of the mother and infant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
  20. Zulfarina MS, Sharif R, Sharkawi AM, Mokhtar SA, Shuid AN, Naina-Mohamed I
    Public Health Nutr, 2023 Jan;26(1):122-131.
    PMID: 35321764 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980022000726
    OBJECTIVE: Misreporting of energy intake (EI) in nutritional epidemiology is common and even severe among adolescents. Thus, the current study aims to examine the presence, bias and impact introduced by implausible reporters.

    DESIGN: Cross-sectional.

    SETTING: Central and eastern regions of Peninsular Malaysia.

    PARTICIPANTS: A stratified random sampling was employed to select 917 secondary school-going adolescents (aged 15-17 years).

    RESULTS: The prevalence of under-reporters was 17·4 %, while no over-reporters were identified. Under-reporters had higher body composition and lower dietary intakes (except for vitamin C, Cr and Fl) compared with plausible reporters (P < 0·05). Adolescents with overweight and obesity had a higher odds of under-reporting compared with under-/normal weight adolescents (P < 0·001). In model 3, the highest regression coefficient (R2 = 0·404, P < 0·001) was obtained after adjusting for reporting status.

    CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese adolescents were more likely to under-report their food intake and consequently affect nutrient intakes estimates. Future analyses that include nutrient intake data should adjust for reporting status so that the impact of misreporting on study outcomes can be conceded and consequently improve the accuracy of dietary-related results.

    Matched MeSH terms: Body Mass Index
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