Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 159 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Jahanshahi P, Zalnezhad E, Sekaran SD, Adikan FR
    Sci Rep, 2014 Jan 24;4:3851.
    PMID: 24458089 DOI: 10.1038/srep03851
    Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a medical diagnosis technique with high sensitivity and specificity. In this research, a new method based on SPR is proposed for rapid, 10-minute detection of the anti-dengue virus in human serum samples. This novel technique, known as rapid immunoglobulin M (IgM)-based dengue diagnostic test, can be utilized quickly and easily at the point of care. Four dengue virus serotypes were used as ligands on a biochip. According to the results, a serum volume of only 1 μl from a dengue patient (as a minimized volume) is required to indicate SPR angle variation to determine the ratio of each dengue serotype in samples with 83-93% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  2. Tan PC, Soe MZ, Si Lay K, Wang SM, Sekaran SD, Omar SZ
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2012;6(5):e1637.
    PMID: 22590658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001637
    Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito borne infection worldwide. Vertical transmissions after maternal dengue infection to the fetus and pregnancy losses in relation to dengue illness have been reported. The relationship of dengue to miscarriage is not known.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  3. Jama'ayah MZ, Heu JY, Norazah A
    Malays J Pathol, 2011 Jun;33(1):31-4.
    PMID: 21874749 MyJurnal
    Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease which can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected animal or their products. It is an important public health problem but little is known on brucellosis in the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Brucella antibodies using commercial Brucella IgG and IgM ELISA kits (Vircell, SL, Barcelona Spain). A total of 184 sera from suspected patients were received from 16 hospitals in Malaysia over the years 2004 to 2009. Only 10 serum samples (5.4%) were positive for Brucella antibodies in which 5 showed the presence of both IgM and IgG. Most of the positive patients were occupationally involved with animals. This study suggests the seroprevalance of brucellosis among individuals who have contact with infected animals in Malaysia is low.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  4. Kotresha D, Noordin R
    APMIS, 2010 Aug;118(8):529-42.
    PMID: 20666734 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02629.x
    Toxoplasma gondii is an important human pathogen with a worldwide distribution. It is primarily of medical importance for pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. Primary infection of the former is often associated with fetal infection, which can lead to abortion or severe neonatal malformation. Immunocompromised patients are at risk of contracting the severe form of the disease that may be fatal. Thus, detection of T. gondii infection with high sensitivity and specificity is crucial in the management of the disease. Toxoplasmosis is generally diagnosed by demonstrating specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies to toxoplasma antigens in the patient's serum sample. Most of the commercially available tests use T. gondii native antigens and display wide variations in test accuracy. Recombinant antigens have great potential as diagnostic reagents for use in assays to detect toxoplasmosis. Thus in this review, we address recent advances in the use of Toxoplasma recombinant proteins for serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  5. Saraswathy TS, Zahrin HN, Norhashmimi H, Az-Ulhusna A, Zainah S, Rohani J
    PMID: 19842408
    In Malaysia, the two dose measles - mumps - rubella (MMR) vaccine was introduced in the Expanded Program on Immunization in 2002. The Ministry of Health then initiated a measles elimination strategy which included enhanced case-based surveillance with laboratory testing of all suspected cases. The objective of our study was to analyse national measles laboratory data from 2004 to 2008 to study the impact of the nationwide strategy on measles case incidence. Blood samples collected from suspected measles cases during the acute stage of the illness were investigated for measles specific IgM. The estimated incidence of measles ranged from 22.3 cases (in 2004) to 2.27 cases (in 2006) per 100,000 population. During this time, the measles vaccination coverage was above 85%. Laboratory confirmed measles cases dropped from 42.2% in 2004, when sporadic outbreaks were reported, to 3.9% in 2007. Screening for measles IgG levels in 2008 showed that 82.8% of those > 7 years old had adequate immunity. The measles control strategy appears to have been successful in reducing the incidence of measles. Continuing high vaccination coverage rates and ongoing measles surveillance are necessary to achieve our goal of measles elimination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  6. Sasidharan S, Uyub AM
    J Immunoassay Immunochem, 2009;30(1):70-81.
    PMID: 19117203 DOI: 10.1080/15321810802569477
    Helicobacter pylori is recognized as a major case of gastritis and peptic ulcer and a key factor in the development of gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, and non-ulcerative dyspepsia in man. The detection of antibodies specific for strains of H. pylori has demonstrated the value of serology for providing evidence of infection. The present study was conducted to detect the antigenic proteins of excretory antigen of H. pylori with Western blotting and examine whether anti-H. pylori IgG and IgA antibodies from H. pylori positive patients cross-react with antigens from other common bacterial pathogens. By using SDS-PAGE, 20 different proteins were found in the excretory antigen. By Western blotting and absorption studies, there were indications that anti-H. pylori IgA antibodies directed against 54 kDa, 50 kDa and 27 kDa cross-reacted with antigens from other bacteria, and that H. pylori proteins of 99 kDa, 88 kDa and 81 kDa possibly shared similar epitope with antigens of other pathogens not tested in the absorption studies. The cross-reactivity occurred in this study was not significantly affect the performance of the in-house ELISA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  7. Azami NA, Salleh SA, Shah SA, Neoh HM, Othman Z, Zakaria SZ, et al.
    BMC Infect Dis, 2013;13:67.
    PMID: 23379541 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-67
    In 1998, Malaysia experienced its first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in the suburban areas followed by another two in 2006 (rural areas) and 2008 (urban areas), respectively. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of documented data regarding the magnitude of CHIKV exposure in the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of chikungunya virus infection in healthy Malaysian adults residing in outbreak-free locations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  8. Norsyahida A, Riazi M, Sadjjadi SM, Muhammad Hafiznur Y, Low HC, Zeehaida M, et al.
    Parasite Immunol., 2013 May-Jun;35(5-6):174-9.
    PMID: 23448095 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12029
    Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed for the detection of IgG, IgG4 and IgE antibodies against Strongyloides stercoralis. A commercial ELISA (IVD Research, USA) was also used, and the sensitivities and specificities of the four assays were determined. Serum samples from 26 patients with S. stercoralis infection and 55 patients with other infections or no infection were analysed. Sensitivities of the IgG4 , IgG, IgE and IgG (IVD) assays were 76.9%, 84.6%, 7.7% and 84.6%, respectively, while the specificities were 92.7%, 81.8%, 100% and 83.6%, respectively. If filariasis samples were excluded, the specificities of the IgG4 -ELISA and both IgG-ELISAs increased to 100% and 98%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between IgG- and IgG4 -ELISAs (r = 0.4828; P = 0.0125). IgG- and IgG- (IVD) ELISAs (r = 0.309) were positively correlated, but was not significant (P = 0.124). Meanwhile there was no correlation between IgG4 - and IgG- (IVD) ELISAs (r = 0.0042; P = 0.8294). Sera from brugian filariasis patients showed weak, positive correlation between the titres of antifilarial IgG4 and the optical densities of anti-Strongyloides IgG4 -ELISA (r = 0.4544, P = 0.0294). In conclusion, the detection of both anti-Strongyloides IgG4 and IgG antibodies could improve the serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Furthermore, patients from lymphatic filariasis endemic areas who are serologically diagnosed with strongyloidiasis should also be tested for filariasis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  9. Tay ST, Rohani MY, Ho TM, Devi S
    PMID: 12693591
    The seroprevalence of various Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) strains among Malaysian patients with suspected scrub typhus infections was determined using an indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) assay. IgG against a single OT strain were detected in six sera (3 Karp, 1 Gilliam and 2 TC586), whereas IgM antibodies against a single OT strain (Gilliam) were noted in 3 sera (Gilliam). IgG reactive to all OT strains were present in 33 (47.1%) of the 70 sera and IgM reactive to all OT strains were present in 22 (78.6%) of the 28 sera. The fact that most sera were reactive to multiple OT strains suggests that group-specific antigens are involved in scrub typhus infections, whereas very few were due to strain-specific epitopes present on these strains. Peak IgG and IgM titers were noted more frequently against Gilliam, Karp, and TA763 strains: this suggests that these strains may be the commonest infecting strains among Malaysian patients. Two predominant OT polypeptides consistently reacted with patients' sera were the 70 kDa and 56 kDa proteins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  10. Chenthamarakshan V, Vadivelu J, Puthucheary SD
    Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2001 Jan;39(1):1-7.
    PMID: 11173184
    IgM and IgG based ELISA systems were developed using the culture filtrate antigen (CFA) of Burkholderia pseudomallei. The assays were evaluated using 95 sera from 66 septicemic cases and 47 sera from 20 cases with localized melioidosis. In addition 65 sera from culture negative cases that were also serologically negative for other endemic infections clinically suspected of melioidosis were included. These were compared with sera from 260 non-melioidosis cases, 169 sera from individuals with high risk of acquiring the infection and 48 sera from healthy controls. The IgG-ELISA was 96% sensitive and 94% specific. All sera from cases with septicemic and localized infections and 61 of 63 sera from clinically suspected melioidosis cases were positive for IgG antibody. The geometric mean titre index (GMTI) values of IgG antibody in melioidosis cases were significantly higher (p < 0.0005) compared to that of healthy subjects, high risk group and subjects with non-melioidosis infections. The sensitivity and specificity of IgM ELISA was 74 and 99% respectively. The GMTI value of IgM antibody in the sera of melioidosis cases was significantly higher as compared to that of non-melioidosis disease controls (p < or = 0.001). These results demonstrate that the detection of IgG is a better indicator of the disease in the diagnosis of melioidosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  11. Choo KE, Davis TM, Ismail A, Tuan Ibrahim TA, Ghazali WN
    Acta Trop, 1999 Mar 15;72(2):175-83.
    PMID: 10206117
    The Typhidot test, which detects IgM and IgG antibodies to a Salmonella typhi-specific outer membrane protein, is as sensitive as, and more specific than, the Widal test in the diagnosis of enteric fever in Malaysian children. It is easier and quicker to perform. In order to increase diagnostic accuracy in an area of high endemicity, the Typhidot-M test has been developed in which IgG is first removed. This theoretically allows improved detection of IgM, and thus would differentiate new from recent infections. We evaluated both tests in 134 unselected febrile children admitted to the General Hospital Kota Bharu, Malaysia. The children were divided into two groups: (i) those who were blood and/or stool culture positive for S. typhi and/or who had clinical features strongly suggestive of enteric fever (n = 62); and (ii) those who were both culture-negative and had clinical evidence of another diagnosis (n = 72). The sensitivity and specificity of the Typhidot and Typhidot-M tests were identical at 90.3 and 93.1%, respectively. Both tests had comparable sensitivity but greater specificity than those of the Widal test (91.9 and 80.6%, respectively). When used together, a positive result for Typhidot and/or Typhidot-M was more specific than either test alone (95.2%) but specificity was lower (87.5%). We conclude that the Typhidot and Typhidot-M tests have comparatively high diagnostic accuracy, suggesting that IgM can be detected in children who may have a predominant IgG response to S. typhi. Using these tests in combination increases the negative predictive value but at the cost of a lower positive predictive value.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  12. Rahmah N, Lim BH, Khairul Anuar A, Shenoy RK, Kumaraswami V, Lokman Hakim S, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2001 8 9;95(3):280-4.
    PMID: 11490997
    An IgG4 ELISA based on a novel recombinant antigen was evaluated for detection of Brugia malayi infection, using 2487 sera from various institutions: 2031 samples from Universiti Sains Malaysia, 276 blinded sera from 2 other institutions in Malaysia, 140 blinded sera from India and 40 blinded sera from Thailand. These sera were from various groups of individuals, i.e., microfilaraemics, chronic patients, endemic normals, non-endemic normals and individuals with other parasitic and bacterial infections. Based on a cut-off optical density reading of 0.300, the IgG4 ELISA demonstrated specificity rates of 95.6-100%, sensitivity rates of 96-100%, positive predictive values of 75-100% and negative predictive values of 98.9-100%. These evaluation studies demonstrated the high specificity and sensitivity of this test for the detection of active B. malayi infection. Thus, the IgG4 ELISA would be very useful as a tool in diagnosis and in elimination programmes for brugian filariasis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  13. Chow VT, Tambyah PA, Yeo WM, Phoon MC, Howe J
    J Clin Virol, 2000 Dec;19(3):143-7.
    PMID: 11090749
    BACKGROUND: between 1998 and 1999, an outbreak of potentially fatal viral encephalitis erupted among pig farm workers in West Malaysia, and later spread to Singapore where abattoir workers were afflicted. Although Japanese encephalitis virus was initially suspected, the predominant aetiologic agent was subsequently confirmed to be Nipah virus, a novel paramyxovirus related to but distinct from Hendra virus.

    OBJECTIVE: to describe a case of Nipah virus encephalitis in a pig farm worker from Malaysia.

    STUDY DESIGN: the clinical, laboratory and radiological findings of this patient were scrutinized. Special emphasis was placed on the electron microscopic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen from this patient.

    RESULTS: the neurological deficits indicative of cerebellar involvement were supported by the magnetic resonance imaging that showed prominent cerebellar and brainstem lesions. CSF examination provided further evidence of viral encephalitis. Complement fixation and/or RT-PCR assays were negative for Japanese encephalitis, herpes simplex, measles and mumps viruses. ELISA for detecting IgM and IgG antibodies against Hendra viral antigens were equivocal for the CSF specimen, and tested initially negative for the first serum sample but subsequently positive for the repeat serum sample. Transmission electron microscopy of negatively-stained preparations of CSF revealed enveloped virus-like structures fringed with surface projections as well as nucleocapsids with distinctive helical and herringbone patterns, features consistent with those of other paramyxoviruses, including Hendra virus.

    CONCLUSION: this case report reiterates the relevant and feasible role of diagnostic electron microscopy for identifying and/or classifying novel or emerging viral pathogens for which sufficiently specific and sensitive tests are lacking.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  14. Yusof Z, Porter SR, Greenman J, Scully C
    J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1995 Dec;37(4):197-200.
    PMID: 8820338
    Levels of serum IgG against Porphyromonas gingivalis cell sonicate were determined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 25), rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP)(n = 25) and adult periodontitis (AP)(n = 15) and controls (HP)(n = 10) utilizing the ELISA technique. Comparison between groups showed no significant differences between the HP and RA groups and also between the RPP and AP groups. The increased levels of IgG in the RPP and AP groups were comparable. Significant differences in IgG levels were noted between HP and RPP (p<0.05) and between HP and AP (p<0.01). The differences between RA and RPP and between RA and AP were highly significant (p<0.0001). Thus it was revealed that the serum levels of IgG against P. gingivalis in RPP and AP patients were elevated, whereas the levels in RA patients were comparable to those in controls.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  15. Koh WP, Taylor MB, Chew SK, Phoon MC, Kang KL, Chow VT
    J Microbiol Immunol Infect, 2003 Sep;36(3):169-74.
    PMID: 14582560
    There is still substantial uncertainty concerning the association between Chlamydia pneumoniae and ischemic heart disease. This may partly be explained by the adjustment for potential confounders in different population studies. This is the first study in Singapore to look at the association of C. pneumoniae seropositivity with ischemic heart disease in a multivariate analysis. A random sample of 714 persons aged between 35 and 69 years was selected from the participants of the Singapore National Health Survey conducted in 1998. Data on clinical measurements and conditions were collected using biochemical tests and interviewer-based questionnaires. Ischemic heart disease was defined by the Rose questionnaire and included history suggestive of angina and/or myocardial infarction. Immunoglobulin G antibodies for C. pneumoniae were detected using an indirect microimmunofluorescence test, and seropositivity was defined as IgG titers > or = 1:16. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates of seropositivity to C. pneumoniae among the three ethnic groups, that is, Chinese (80.4%), Malays (74.0%), and Asian Indians (73.2%). There was no association between seropositivity and ischemic heart disease after adjustment for age alone (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.54-1.83) or for age, sex, and other risk factors of atherosclerosis (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.53-1.84). C. pneumoniae Immunoglobulin G seropositivity was not associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease as defined by the Rose angina questionnaire in Singapore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  16. Thirupathy A, Tajunisah I
    Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2011 Jun;19(3):156-7.
    PMID: 21595530 DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2011.555593
    To report a rare case of intermediate uveitis following rubella infection in pregnancy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  17. Osman AY, Kadir AA, Jesse FF, Saharee AA
    Microb Pathog, 2019 Nov;136:103669.
    PMID: 31445124 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103669
    Brucella melitensis is one of the leading zoonotic pathogens with significant economic implications in animal industry worldwide. Lipopolysaccharide, however, remains by far the major virulence with substantial role in diseases pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the effect of B. melitensis and its lipopolysaccharide on immunopathophysiological aspects largely remains an enigma. This study examines the effect of B.melitensis and its lipopolysaccharide on immunopathophysiological parameters following experimental infection using mouse model. Eighty four (n = 84) mice, BALB/c, both sexes with equal gender distribution and 6-8 weeks-old were randomly assigned into three groups. Group 1-2 (n = 72) were orally inoculated with 0.4 mL containing 109 CFU/mL of B. melitensis and its LPS, respectively. Group 3 (n = 12) was challenged orally with phosphate buffered saline and served as a control group. Animals were observed for clinical signs, haematological and histopathological analysis for a period of 24 days post-infection. We hereby report that B.melitensis infected group demonstrated significant clinical signs and histopathological changes than LPS infected group. However, both infected groups showed elevated levels of interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6) and antibody levels (IgM and IgG) with varying degrees of predominance in LPS infected group than B. melitensis infected group. For hormone analysis, low levels of progesterone, estradiol and testosterone were observed in both B. melitensis and LPS groups throughout the study period. Moreover, in B. melitensis infected group, the organism was re-isolated from the organs and tissues of gastrointestinal, respiratory and reproductive systems thereby confirming the infection and transmission dynamics. This report is the first detailed investigation comparing the infection progression and host responses in relation to the immunopathophysiological aspects in a mouse model after oral inoculation with B. melitensis and its lipopolysaccharide.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  18. Emadi M, Jahanshiri F, Kaveh K, Hair-Bejo M, Ideris A, Alimon AR
    Avian Pathol, 2011 Feb;40(1):63-72.
    PMID: 21331949 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2010.539590
    To explore the effects of the combination of tryptophan (Trp) and arginine (Arg) on growth performance, serum parameters and immune response of broiler chickens challenged with intermediate plus strain of infectious bursal disease virus vaccine, an in vivo experiment was conducted. A corn-soybean meal-based diet containing different levels of Arg and Trp was used. Cobb500 male broiler chickens from 0 to 49 days of age were subjected to a diet supplemented with the combination of Trp and Arg. Growth performance parameters and serum parameters were measured at 27 and 49 days of age. To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the combination of Trp and Arg on the challenged chickens, we measured the serum levels of interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G at 27, 35, 42, and 49 days of age. The results showed that the three evaluated immune system parameters including interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G were significantly enhanced after treatment. This enhancement resulted in the recovery of infectious bursal disease virus-infected chickens compared with controls as confirmed by histopathological examinations. Moreover, serum parameters such as albumin and total protein increased, whereas the treatment decreased (P<0.05) the feed:gain ratio, aspartate amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, triglyceride and cholesterol. These findings suggest that the combination of Arg and Trp has a regulatory effect on growth performance. Moreover, it modulates the systemic immune response against infectious bursal disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  19. Wong LP, Alias H, Choy SH, Goh XT, Lee SC, Lim YAL, et al.
    Zoonoses Public Health, 2020 05;67(3):263-270.
    PMID: 31927794 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12681
    Malaysia is a non-endemic country for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. However, seroprevalence as high as 50% among samples of aboriginal people were reported over two decades ago. A total of 207 samples collected from seven aboriginal villages in rural settlements across two states in Malaysia were analysed for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Following the detection of anti-HEV seroprevalence, we organized health outreach to inform and educate the community. Qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals tested positive for anti-HEV antibodies. Data derived from interviews and observations were used to investigate possible lifestyle behaviours associated with HEV infection. Anti-HEV IgG was detected in six samples (5.9%) from the village of Dusun Kubur. Qualitative inquiry and observation study revealed poor dietary and household hygiene, contaminated food and water, contact with animal faeces, unsanitary and domestic waste disposal, and wildlife reservoirs could be the contributing factors for transmission and acquisition of HEV infection. Investigation during health outreach is important to provide insights for future empirical research and implementation for improvement of lifestyle behaviours among the aborigines. Managing the risk of HEV infection in the aborigines may reduce the risk of HEV transmission to the local communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  20. Kit Lam S, Lan Ew C, Mitchell JL, Cuzzubbo AJ, Devine PL
    Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 2000 Sep;7(5):850-2.
    PMID: 10973469
    A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (PanBio Dengue Screening ELISA) that utilized both immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG capture in the same microtiter well for the diagnosis of dengue infection was evaluated. Sensitivity in primary and secondary dengue was 95%, while specificity was 94%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links