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Displaying publications 41 - 53 of 53 in total

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To breast feed or not?

Nutr Rev, 1972 May;30(5):112-4.
PMID: 4554312
Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology
Diaphroase activity and variants in normal adults and newborns

Eng LI, Loo M, Fah FK

Br J Haematol, 1972 Oct;23(4):419-25.
PMID: 5084807
Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/enzymology
Recurrent candidaemia in a neonate with Hirschsprung's disease: fluconazole resistance and genetic relatedness of eight Candida tropicalis isolates

Chong PP, Chieng DC, Low LY, Hafeez A, Shamsudin MN, Seow HF, et al.

J Med Microbiol, 2006 Apr;55(Pt 4):423-428.
PMID: 16533990 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46045-0

The incidence of candidaemia among immunocompromised patients in Malaysia is increasing at an alarming rate. Isolation of clinical strains that are resistant to fluconazole has also risen markedly. We report here the repeated isolation of Candida tropicalis from the blood of a neonatal patient with Hirschsprung's disease. In vitro fluconazole susceptibility tests of the eight isolates obtained at different time points showed that seven of the isolates were resistant and one isolate was scored as susceptible dose-dependent. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA fingerprinting of the isolates using three primers and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates were highly similar strains having minor genetic divergence, with a mean pairwise similarity coefficient of 0.893+/-0.041. The source of the infectious agent was thought to be the central venous catheter, as culture of its tip produced fluconazole-resistant C. tropicalis. This study demonstrates the utility of applying molecular epidemiology techniques to complement traditional mycological culture and drug susceptibility tests for accurate and appropriate management of recurrent candidaemia and highlights the need for newer antifungals that can combat the emergence of fluconazole-resistant C. tropicalis strains.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology*
Metabolic acidosis and renal solute load in relation to the protein intake of low birth weight Malaysian neonates

Johnson RO, Johnson BH, Raman A, Lee EL, Lam KL

Aust Paediatr J, 1979 Jun;15(2):101-6.
PMID: 485988
Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology*
Neonatal outcomes and its association among gestational diabetes mellitus with and without depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study

Lee KW, Ching SM, Hoo FK, Ramachandran V, Chong SC, Tusimin M, et al.

Midwifery, 2020 Feb;81:102586.
PMID: 31830674 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2019.102586

OBJECTIVE: Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in gestational diabetes mellitus ranges from 10.2% to 39.9% based on previous studies in Malaysia. Presence of depression, anxiety or stress in pregnancy may increase the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neonatal outcomes and its association among mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus with and without the presence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Malaysia.
DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study.
SETTING: Tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.
PARTICIPANTS: Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 418) who deliver their neonates at two major tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.
MEASUREMENTS: Neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm birth, macrosomia, metabolic and electrolyte disorders, neonatal respiratory distress and congenital anomalies were determined.
FINDINGS: Prevalence of low birth weight in neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus was 14.6%, followed by metabolic and electrolyte disorders 10.5%, preterm birth 9.1%, macrosomia 4.8%, neonatal respiratory distress 5.8% and congenital anomalies (2.4%). Among the adverse neonatal outcomes, neonatal respiratory distress was significantly associated with the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus using univariate analysis (p = 0.010). After controlling for confounding factors, predictors for neonatal respiratory distress at delivery were the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (Adjusted OR = 3.87, 95% CI = 1.32-11.35), living without a husband (Adjusted OR = 9.74, 95% CI = 2.04-46.51), preterm delivery (Adjusted OR = 7.20, 95% CI = 2.23-23.30), caesarean section (Adjusted OR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.09-10.15), being nulliparous and primiparous (Adjusted OR = 3.62, 95% CI = 1.17-11.17) and having family history of diabetes (Adjusted OR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.11-9.21).
KEY CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study demonstrate the positive association of neonatal respiratory distress with the presence of depression symptoms in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: It is therefore important to identify depression symptoms after a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant mothers is made to enable early referral and interventions.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology*
Prophylactic antibiotics in children

Sinniah D

Med J Malaya, 1971 Dec;26(2):84-9.
PMID: 4260865
Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/prevention & control
Early transition from insulin to sulfonylureas in neonatal diabetes and follow-up: Experience from China

Li X, Xu A, Sheng H, Ting TH, Mao X, Huang X, et al.

Pediatr Diabetes, 2018 03;19(2):251-258.
PMID: 28791793 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12560

BACKGROUND: Sulfonylurea therapy can improve glycemic control and ameliorate neurodevelopmental outcomes in patients suffering from neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) with KCNJ11 or ABCC8 mutations. As genetic testing results are often delayed, it remains controversial whether sulfonylurea treatment should be attempted immediately at diagnosis or doctors should await genetic confirmation.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of sulfonylurea therapy in Chinese NDM patients during infancy before genetic testing results were available.
METHODS: The medical records of NDM patients with their follow-up details were reviewed and molecular genetic analysis was performed. Sulfonylurea transfer regimens were applied in patients diagnosed after May 2010, and glycemic status and side effects were evaluated in each patient.
RESULTS: There were 23 NDM patients from 22 unrelated families, 10 had KCNJ11 mutations, 3 harbored ABCC8 mutations, 1 had INS mutations, 4 had chromosome 6q24 abnormalities, 1 had a deletion at chromosome 1p36.23p36.12, and 4 had no genetic abnormality identified. Sixteen NDM infants were treated with glyburide at an average age of 49 days (range 14-120 days) before genetic confirmation. A total of 11 of 16 (69%) were able to successfully switch to glyburide with a more stable glucose profile. The responsive glyburide dose was 0.51 ± 0.16 mg/kg/d (0.3-0.8 mg/kg/d), while the maintenance dose was 0.30 ± 0.07 mg/kg/d (0.2-0.4 mg/kg/d). No serious adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS: Molecular genetic diagnosis is recommended in all patients with NDM. However, if genetic testing results are delayed, sulfonylurea therapy should be considered before such results are received, even in infants with newly diagnosed NDM.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy*; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/genetics
Fulltext Permanent neonatal diabetes due to a novel insulin signal peptide mutation

Hussain S, Mohd Ali J, Jalaludin MY, Harun F

Pediatr Diabetes, 2013 Jun;14(4):299-303.
PMID: 23350652 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12011

We report a rare case of permanent neonatal diabetes (PND) due to insulin (INS) gene mutation in a 51-month-old girl who presented with hyperglycemia in the neonatal period. Mutational analysis of KCNJ11 and INS was performed and this detected a novel heterozygous c.38T>G (p.Leu13Arg) INS de novo mutation. The non-conservative change substitutes the highly conserved L(13) residue within the hydrophobic core region of the preproinsulin signal peptide. Given the frequent tendency of heterozygous INS mutations to exhibit dominant negative disease pathogenesis, it is likely that the mutant preproinsulin perturbed the non-mutant counterpart progression and processing within the β-cells, and this resulted to a permanent form of congenital diabetes.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/genetics*
Migration in Malaysian aborigines: clinical observations in pregnancy

Ong HC

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Sep;6(3):407-412.
PMID: 1221499

This study presents clinical observations in pregnancy made on aborigines of the deep jungle and "outside" populations. Migration out of the jungle results in lowered nutritional status as a result of low socio-economic status in the "outside" aborigine. This, together with food habits, increased family size and higher incidence of helminthic infestations, results in lower mean values of Hb, PVC and MCHC and a higher prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in the migrant aborigine. A higher population density in the "outside" population resulting in frequent intermingling and increased chances of cross-contamination probably explains the increased vaginal bacterial growth in the "outside" Aborigine women. A higher prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in the "outside" aborigine woman is probably related to exposure to oral contraceptives and broad-spectrum antibiotics. On the other hand, better medical and obstetrical services become more readily available to the "outside" aborigine and this results in a favourable influence on perinatal health.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/mortality
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea in Malaysian children

Jegathesan M, Singh RB, Kanaganayagy M, Soon LE

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Mar;6(1):61-7.
PMID: 1096307
Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression in the placentae of diabetic and normal pregnancies

Hayati AR, Cheah FC, Tan AE, Tan GC

Early Hum Dev, 2007 Jan;83(1):41-6.
PMID: 16750336 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.04.002

BACKGROUND: Septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (sHCM) is a characteristic anomaly of the infant of diabetic mother (IDM). Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been identified as a mediator of tissue overgrowth and we have previously shown that maternal IGF-1 levels were significantly elevated among neonates with asymmetrical sHCM. IGF-1 does not cross the placenta; it exerts physiologic action through binding to the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). Localisation and expression of IGF-1R in term diabetic pregnancies are largely unclear. We have studied IGF-1R in the placentae of diabetic and normal pregnancies and this receptor expression in association with neonates with sHCM.
METHODS: IGF-1R localization and expression in the placentae of six diabetic pregnancies associated with neonatal sHCM were compared with six each of randomly selected diabetic and normal pregnancies without neonatal sHCM by immunohistochemistry. The staining for IGF-1R in the deciduas, cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and villous endothelium for these 18 samples were assessed and scored by two pathologists who were blinded to the respective diagnoses.
RESULTS: Placental IGF-1R staining was negative in the villous endothelium for all three groups. IGF-1R staining was present in deciduas, cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts but the staining was weaker in the entire group of infants with sHCM compared to those without sHCM.
CONCLUSIONS: IGF-1R is localized in all cell types of the placenta except in villous endothelium. Weaker placental IGF-1R staining in the placentae of diabetic pregnancies associated with sHCM suggests reduced expression of IGF-1R. This may be a down-regulatory response to elevated maternal IGF with neonatal sHCM outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology
Developmental haemostasis for factor V and factor VIII levels in neonates: a case report of spontaneous cephalhaematoma

Abdullah WZ, Ismail R, Nasir A, Mohamad N, Hassan R

Fetal Pediatr Pathol, 2013 Apr;32(2):77-81.
PMID: 22536947 DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.671447

Combined factor V and VIII deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder. Diagnosis of congenital coagulation factor deficiency in a neonate is challenging due to "immaturity" of the hemostatic system. A 2-day-old baby girl presented with spontaneous cephalhematoma. She was found to have persistent abnormal coagulation tests and finally diagnosed as combined factor V and VIII deficiency. Interestingly, factor V and factor VIII in developmental hemostasis are quite similar with adult levels in newborn, and hence early diagnosis is possible. An investigation to detect underlying hemostatic defects is recommended in newborns with spontaneous cephalhematoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Fulltext The Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell as Therapy in Neonatal Diseases

Liau LL, Al-Masawa ME, Koh B, Looi QH, Foo JB, Lee SH, et al.

Front Pediatr, 2020;8:591693.
PMID: 33251167 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.591693

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be derived from various tissue sources, such as the bone marrow (BMSCs), adipose tissue (ADSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and umbilical cord blood (UCB-MSCs). Clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the potential of MSCs in ameliorating neonatal diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In preclinical studies, MSC therapy has been tested for the treatment of various neonatal diseases affecting the heart, eye, gut, and brain as well as sepsis. Up to date, the number of clinical trials using MSCs to treat neonatal diseases is still limited. The data reported thus far positioned MSC therapy as safe with positive outcomes. However, most of these trials are still preliminary and generally smaller in scale. Larger trials with more appropriate controls and a longer follow-up period need to be conducted to prove the safety and efficacy of the therapy more conclusively. This review discusses the current application of MSCs in treating neonatal diseases, its mechanism of action and future direction of this novel therapy, including the potential of using MSC-derived extracellular vesicles instead of the cells to treat various clinical conditions in the newborn.

Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn, Diseases