Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 298 in total

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  1. Fulltext Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to temephos in four study sites in Kuala Lumpur City Center and Selangor State, Malaysia
    Chen CD, Nazni WA, Lee HL, Sofian-Azirun M
    Trop Biomed, 2005 Dec;22(2):207-16.
    PMID: 16883289 MyJurnal
    Larvae obtained from Taman Samudera (Gombak, Selangor), Kampung Banjar (Gombak, Selangor), Taman Lembah Maju (Cheras, Kuala Lumpur) and Kampung Baru (City centre, Kuala Lumpur) were bioassayed with diagnostic dosage (0.012 mg/L) and operational dosage (1 mg/L) of temephos. All strains of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus showed percentage mortality in the range of 16.00 to 59.05 and 6.4 to 59.50 respectively, after 24 hours. LT50 values for the 6 strains of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were between 41.25 to 54.42 minutes and 52.67 to 141.76 minutes respectively, and the resistance ratio for both Aedes species were in the range of 0.68 to 1.82 when tested with operational dosage, 1 mg/L temephos. These results indicate that Aedes mosquitoes have developed some degree of resistance. However, complete mortality for all strains were achieved after 24 hours when tested against 1 mg/L temephos.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/classification; Insect Vectors/drug effects*; Insect Vectors/growth & development
  2. Some phlebotomid sand-flies and other diptera of Malaysia and Sri Lanka
    Lewis DJ, Killick-Kendrick R
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1973;67(1):4-5.
    PMID: 4777431
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors
  3. Experimental studies on potential vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti rurral strain in Thailand
    Harinasuta C, Sucharit S, Guptavanij P
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):239.
    PMID: 4234374
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors
  4. Fulltext Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and sand fly-borne pathogens in the Greater Mekong Subregion: a systematic review
    Hustedt J, Prasetyo DB, Fiorenzano JM, von Fricken ME, Hertz JC
    Parasit Vectors, 2022 Oct 05;15(1):355.
    PMID: 36199150 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05464-8
    Phlebotomine sand flies are proven or suspected vectors of several pathogens of importance, including leishmaniasis, bartonellosis and sand fly fevers. Although sand flies have a worldwide distribution, there has been limited research published on sand flies and sand fly-borne pathogens throughout the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). This review followed the PRISMA guidelines to determine the biodiversity and presence of phlebotomine sand flies and their associated pathogens in the GMS, specifically Cambodia, Thailand, the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos), Malaysia and Vietnam. A total of 1472 records were identified by searching electronic databases, scanning reference lists of articles and consulting experts in the field. After screening of title and abstracts, 178 records remained and were further screened for original data (n = 34), not having regional data (n = 14), duplication of data (n = 4), records not available (n = 4) and no language translation available (n = 2). A total of 120 studies were then included for full review, with 41 studies on sand fly-related disease in humans, 33 studies on sand fly-related disease in animals and 54 entomological studies focused on sand flies (5 papers contained data on > 1 category), with a majority of the overall data from Thailand. There were relatively few studies on each country, with the exception of Thailand, and the studies applied different methods to investigate sand flies and sand fly-borne diseases, impacting the ability to conduct meaningful meta-analysis. The findings suggest that leishmaniasis in humans and the presence of sand fly vectors have been reported across several GMS countries over the past 100 years, with local transmission in humans confirmed in Thailand and Vietnam. Additionally, local Mundinia species are likely transmitted by biting midges. Findings from this study provide a framework for future investigations to determine the geographic distribution and risk profiles of leishmaniasis and other associated sand fly-borne disease throughout the GMS. It is recommended that researchers expand surveillance efforts across the GMS, with an emphasis placed on entomological surveys, syndromic and asymptomatic monitoring in both humans and animals and molecular characterization of sand flies and sand fly-borne pathogens, particularly in the understudied countries of Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors
  5. Fulltext Residual effects of TMOF-Bti formulations against 1(st) instar Aedes aegypti Linnaeus larvae outside laboratory
    Saiful AN, Lau MS, Sulaiman S, Hidayatulfathi O
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2012 Apr;2(4):315-9.
    PMID: 23569922 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60031-8
    To evaluate the effectiveness and residual effects of trypsin modulating oostatic factor-Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis (TMOF-Bti) formulations against Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) (L.) larvae at UKM Campus Kuala Lumpur.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/drug effects*
  6. Fulltext The biology and demographic parameters of Aedes albopictus in northern peninsular Malaysia
    Aida HN, Dieng H, Ahmad AH, Satho T, Nurita AT, Salmah MR, et al.
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2011 Dec;1(6):472-7.
    PMID: 23569816 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60103-2
    OBJECTIVE: To generate life table characteristics for the dengue vector Aedes albopictus (A. albopictus) under uncontrolled conditions, incorporating both the aquatic and the adult stages.

    METHODS: Ten females derived from wild pupae were allowed to fully blood-feed on restrained mice. 774 eggs were hatched in seasoned water. F1 larvae were followed for development until their F2 counterparts emerged as adults. Some population parameters were monitored (F1) or estimated (F2).

    RESULTS: A. albopictus exhibited increased fecundity and egg hatch success. Immature development was quick. Immature survival was high, with lowest rate in the pupal stage. Adult emergence was about 81% and sex ratio was close to 1:1. Generational mortality (K) was about 28%. A high proportion of females completed a reproductive cycle and the obtained parity rate was predicted to lead to higher fecundity in the next generation.

    CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that natural A. albopictus populations in Penang seem largely determined by quick development in combination with low immature loss and increased oviposition.

    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  7. The effect of extrinsic incubation temperature on development of dengue serotype 2 and 4 viruses in Aedes aegypti (L.)
    Rohani A, Wong YC, Zamre I, Lee HL, Zurainee MN
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2009 Sep;40(5):942-50.
    PMID: 19842378
    Dengue 2 and 4 viruses obtained from dengue-infected patients were maintained in a C6/36 Aedes albopictus Skuse cell line and used to infect adult female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Each serotype was mixed separately with fresh human erythrocytes and fed to adult female mosquitoes using an artificial membrane feeding technique. Fully engorged mosquitoes were selected and retained at 26 degrees C, 28 degrees C and 30 degrees C to observe dengue virus development in Aedes vectors. Virus detection was carried out by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The virus was first detected on Day 9 at 26 degrees C and 28 degrees C and on Day 5 at 30 degrees C for both dengue 2 and 4. The study shows the incubation period of the viruses decreased when the extrinsic incubation temperature increases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/virology
  8. Differential preferences of oviposition by Aedes mosquitos in man-made containers under field conditions
    Chua KB, Chua IL, Chua IE, Chua KH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2004 Sep;35(3):599-607.
    PMID: 15689073
    A study was made of the oviposit behavior of gravid female Aedes mosquitos in man-made habitats under field conditions. The study showed that the gravid female Aedes mosquitos preferred containers with relatively easy access but not too open to external environmental influence. The dark surface of the containers served as the initial and long-range attractant to the breeding sites. Volatile chemicals generated by the decaying vegetation in the container may serve as a close-range attractant. Finally, the water quality and the quantity of 'food' derived from decaying vegetative matter in the water determined the amount of eggs deposited in each container. The study confirmed previous findings that each gravid female Aedes mosquito had the tendency to lay her eggs in more than one container. However, the results of the study suggests that under favorable conditions, each gravid female Aedes mosquito could be encouraged to lay all her eggs in a single breeding site.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  9. Fulltext Temporal changes of aedes and armigeres populations in suburban and forested areas in Malaysia
    Nurin-Zulkifli IM, Chen CD, Wan-Norafikah O, Lee HL, Faezah K, Izzul AA, et al.
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2015 Jul;46(4):574-85.
    PMID: 26867376
    Surveillance of mosquitoes and their distribution in association with rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature were conducted in selected suburban and forested areas, namely, Sungai Penchala (Kuala Lumpur) and Taman Alam (Selangor) for 12 months. Armigeres kesseli was the most abundant species in Sungai Penchala while Aedes butleri was the most dominant species in Taman Alam. A positive correlation between mosquito distribution and rainfall was observed in selected mosquito species in Sungai Penchala (Armigeres kesseli, r = 0.75; Armigeres subalbatus, r = 0.62; and Aedes albopictus, r = 0.65) and Taman Alam (Armigeres sp, r = 0.59; Ae. butleri, r = 0.85; and Ae. albopictus, r = 0.62). However, no significant cor- relation was found either between selected mosquito species in both study areas and relative humidity or temperature. Results obtained suggested that vector control programs to be conducted based on temporal distribution of vectors in order to achieve beneficial outcomes with effective costing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  10. Changes in abundance and behaviour of vector mosquitoes induced by land use during the development of an oil palm plantation in Sarawak
    Chang MS, Hii J, Buttner P, Mansoor F
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1997 7 1;91(4):382-6.
    PMID: 9373626
    Surveys were conducted of adult and immature mosquitoes in an area undergoing oil palm development in north Sarawak. Point prevalence data from 2 sites were collected annually, coinciding with annual phases of forest clearing, burning/cultivation, and maintenance. Major habitat perturbation during the forest/clearing transition shifted the major mosquito faunal equilibrium in terms of species composition, relative density and occurrence. Analyses of variance showed that the mean numbers of 4 species of Anopheles decreased significantly after forest clearing. Relative densities of immature stages decreased after forest clearing, but A. letifer and Culex tritaeniorhynchus remained relatively unchanged after the second year. Comparisons with the pre-development forest stage showed that the reductions in person-biting rates, adult survival and combined entomological inoculation rates (EIR) of A. donaldi and A. letifer decreased the risk of malaria transmission by 90% over the 4 years period. Concomitant reductions in EIR and annual malaria incidence were also correlated. This study highlighted the 'law of unintended consequences', since 2 contrasting effects were observed: reduction of malaria vectors but concomitant increase of dengue vectors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  11. Dengue vector control: present status and future prospects
    Yap HH, Chong NL, Foo AE, Lee CY
    Gaoxiong Yi Xue Ke Xue Za Zhi, 1994 Dec;10 Suppl:S102-8.
    PMID: 7844836
    Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) have been the most common urban diseases in Southeast Asia since the 1950s. More recently, the diseases have spread to Central and South America and are now considered as worldwide diseases. Both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are involved in the transmission of DF/DHF in Southeast Asian region. The paper discusses the present status and future prospects of Aedes control with reference to the Malaysian experience. Vector control approaches which include source reduction and environmental management, larviciding with the use of chemicals (synthetic insecticides and insect growth regulators and microbial insecticide), and adulticiding which include personal protection measures (household insecticide products and repellents) for long-term control and space spray (both thermal fogging and ultra low volume sprays) as short-term epidemic measures are discussed. The potential incorporation of IGRs and Bacillus thuringiensis-14 (Bti) as larvicides in addition to insecticides (temephos) is discussed. The advantages of using water-based spray over the oil-based (diesel) spray and the use of spray formulation which provide both larvicidal and adulticidal effects that would consequently have greater impact on the overall vector and disease control in DF/DHF are highlighted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  12. Fulltext Anopheles donaldi incriminated as a vector of periodic Brugia malayi in Grik, Perak, Malaysia
    Vythilingam I, Hakim SL, Chan ST, Mak JW
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1996 Sep;27(3):637-41.
    PMID: 9185284
    Studies were carried out to observe the species composition of mosquitos and to determine the vectors responsible for the transmission of filariasis in Grik, Perak, Malaysia. A total of 2,155 mosquitos belonging to 7 genera and 30 species were collected. Anopheles donaldi comprised 24.1% of the collection. Twelve out of 519 An. donaldi were infected with L3 larvae of Brugia malayi. The peak biting time was around 23.00-24.00 hours. The infective bites per month ranged from 0 to 6.3.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  13. Seasonality of Anopheles aconitus mosquitoes, a secondary vector of malaria, in an endemic village near the Malaysia-Thailand border
    Rahman WA, Abu Hassan A, Adanan CR
    Acta Trop, 1993 Dec;55(4):263-5.
    PMID: 8147283
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  14. Studies on the Liverpool and Malaysian strans of Aedes (Finlaya) togoi
    Lim PK, Mak JW, Cheong WH, Mahadevan S
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1980 Dec;11(4):566-71.
    PMID: 7221700
    Comparative studies of vector efficiency were done with the Liverpool and Malaysian strains of Aedes (Finlaya) togoi for subperiodic Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi. The Malaysian strain of A. togoi was found to take in fewer microfilariae under the same experimental conditions than the Liverpool strain. Also, for various microfilarial densities in the host's peripheral blood, the Malaysian strain had less mean infective larvae per fed mosquito than the Liverpool strain. The microfilarial intake of A. togoi was not affected by the site of feeding on the host affected by the site of feeding on the host. Most of the mosquitoes took in fewer microfilariae than expected. It is concluded from these studies that the Malaysian strain of A. togoi is a susceptible and reasonably good vector for subperiodic B. malayi and B. pahangi. Further field studies should be carried out to determine its importance as a natural vector of Brugian filariasis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  15. Aedes albopictus in North America: probable introduction in used tires from northern Asia
    Hawley WA, Reiter P, Copeland RS, Pumpuni CB, Craig GB
    Science, 1987 May 29;236(4805):1114-6.
    PMID: 3576225
    North American strains of Aedes albopictus, an Asian mosquito recently introduced into the Western Hemisphere, exhibit photoperiodic sensitivity and cold-hardiness characteristics similar to strains originating from temperate zone Asia. Trade statistics for used tire imports, the most likely mode of introduction, also indicate a north Asian origin. Aedes albopictus, an important vector of dengue and a potential vector of many other arboviral diseases, may therefore have the capability of infesting much of temperate North America.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/physiology
  16. Studies of Coquillettidia (coquillettidia) crassipes (Vanderwulp, 1881) in relation to transmission of Cardiofilaria nilesi
    Klinkaewnarong W, Chiang GL, Eng KL
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1985 Mar;16(1):10-4.
    PMID: 2862708
    Field surveillance of Cq. crassipes was conducted in an open housing estate near Kuala Lumpur using IMR traps baited with chicken and gerbils. Chicken bait attracted more Cq. crassipes. There was significant difference between chicken and gerbil as bait. The mosquitoes preferred to feed at canopy level. The parous rate was 20.41% and the infection rate for Cardiofilaria nilesi was 2.04%. None of the 120 chicken and 5 ducks, in a village close to the open housing estate, examined for microfilariae were positive. Ar. durhami and Ar. subalbatus did not support development of C. nilesi. However, Cq. crassipes is an extremely efficient vector of C. nilesi.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  17. Field studies on the surveillance of Coquillettidia crassipes (Van der Wulp) and the isolation of a strain of Cardiofilaria in peninsular Malaysia
    Chiang GL, Samarawickrema WA, Eng KL, Cheong WH, Sulaiman I, Yap HH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1986 Apr;80(2):235-44.
    PMID: 2875691
    Surveillance methods for Coquillettidia crassipes were studied in an open housing estate near Kuala Lumpur using three types of traps Trinidad 10 trap, modified Lard can trap and IMR trap, each baited with chicken or pigeon. All traps attracted Cq. crassipes. There was no significant difference in the catches in the three traps. There was also no significant difference between chicken and pigeon as bait. Catches at heights of 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 m did not show any significant difference in density. Cq. crassipes was active at night with an early peak during the first hour of the night and a minor peak between 0100 and 0200 hours. The activity of the parous and nulliparous sections of the population was similar, except that a higher proportion of the parous females was active during the second peak compared with the nulliparous females. The parous rate was 22.3%, and the probability of survival through one day for two gonotrophic cycles was 0.711 and 0.650. The infection rate for Cardiofilaria was 29 out of 1052 (2.76%) and the infective rate (L3 larvae) was 13 out of 1052 (1.24%). 48.3% of the infected Cq. crassipes had a worm burden of more than ten larvae. One of the chickens in the traps was positive for microfilariae of Cardiofilaria four weeks after exposure as bait. Laboratory bred Cq. crassipes fed on this chicken produced infective larvae in ten days, and these were inoculated into clean chickens and pigeons. Microfilariae appeared in the chickens but not in pigeons. The adult worms recovered await identification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/parasitology*
  18. Filariasis in Bengkoka Peninsula, Sabah, Malaysia: vector studies in relation to the transmission of filariasis
    Chiang GL, Cheong WH, Samarawickrema WA, Mak JW, Kan SK
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1984 Jun;15(2):179-89.
    PMID: 6150551
    Using seven methods of surveillance, 58 species of mosquitoes from nine genera were in Pantai and the two neighbouring villages during two visits in 1982. Ma. bonneae was the most prevalent species attracted to man. In the forest shade Ma. bonneae and Ma. dives showed activity throughout the 24 hours with peak biting during 1900-2100 hours. An. balabacensis exhibited peak activity shortly after midnight. Inside and outside house, Ma. bonneae showed similar activity except that it ceased during the day. Mansonia was only mildly zoophilic. CDC light traps gave poor yields of mosquitoes. Pyrethrum spray catch inside houses early morning did not include any Mansonia. Outdoor day resting catch included Ma. bonneae fed on man. Transmission of Brugia, probably human filariasis, by Ma. bonneae occurred in Pantai and in the two neighbouring villages. One infection in Ma. dives was found in Pantai. The monthly infective biting rate and monthly transmission potential for Ma. bonneae were estimated at the forest shade and outside the house in Pantai.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  19. Effectiveness of repellent/insecticidal bars against malaria and filariasis vectors in peninsular Malaysia
    Chiang GL, Tay SL, Eng KL, Chan ST
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1990 Sep;21(3):412-7.
    PMID: 1981629
    Field tests were conducted to compare the degree of protection from bites of Mansonia species and Anopheles maculatus by applying two repellent/insecticidal bars, MOSBAR and MOSKIL, to exposed arms and legs. Human test subjects were exposed to natural populations of mosquitos for an 8-hour night time period while using the repellent/insecticidal bars. MOSBAR gave good protection against the bites of Mansonia and An. maculatus. MOSKIL was effective against An. maculatus but not against Mansonia. High mortality was observed among the mosquitos collected from human test subjects treated with the repellent/insecticidal bars. Use of MOSBAR in terms of cost-effectiveness and safety by field and health workers entering into malaria and filariasis endemic areas is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors*
  20. Field studies of the bionomics of Anopheles maculatus and its role in malaria transmission in Malaysia
    Loong KP, Chiang GL, Yap HH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1988 Dec;19(4):724.
    PMID: 3238487
    Matched MeSH terms: Insect Vectors/genetics
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