Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 85 in total

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  1. Fulltext Novel, one-step synthesis of zwitterionic polymer nanoparticles via distillation-precipitation polymerization and its application for dye removal membrane
    Ibrahim GPS, Isloor AM, Inamuddin, Asiri AM, Ismail N, Ismail AF, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 Nov 21;7(1):15889.
    PMID: 29162869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16131-9
    In this work, poly(MBAAm-co-SBMA) zwitterionic polymer nanoparticles were synthesized in one-step via distillation-precipitation polymerization (DPP) and were characterized. [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBMA) as monomer and N, N'-methylene bis(acrylamide) (MBAAm) as cross-linker are used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. As  far as our knowledge, this is the first such report on the synthesis of poly(MBAAm-co-SBMA) nanoparticles via DPP. The newly synthesized nanoparticles were further employed for the surface modification of polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber membranes for dye removal. The modified hollow fiber membrane exhibited the improved permeability (56 L/ m2 h bar) and dye removal (>98% of Reactive Black 5 and >80.7% of Reactive orange 16) with the high permeation of salts. Therefore, the as-prepared membrane can have potential application in textile and industrial wastewater treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  2. Biosynthesis of zerovalent iron nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and decoloration of textile dyes
    Anasdass JR, Kannaiyan P, Gopinath SCB
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2022 Dec;69(6):2780-2793.
    PMID: 35293654 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2323
    We demonstrate a green chemistry approach to synthesize narrow-sized zerovalent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles using Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. leaf extract as reducing and capping agent. The produced nZVI was characterized by various instrumental methods including ultraviolet-visible spectra, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the electron microscopy observations, the particle size was estimated to be ∼30 nm. In VSM, the saturation point of magnetization was observed to be 0.6 emu g-1 under a magnetic field of 0 ± 30 kOe. The synthesized nZVI was amorphous in nature as per the XRD results. The catalytic activity of the nZVI was employed for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and decoloration of textile dyes such as methylene blue, methyl orange, and malachite green, respectively. The proposed nZVI synthesis method exhibited better catalytic performance toward reduction of 4-NP and degradation of dyes within 4 min for 0.1 mg of catalyst. Moreover, the synthesized catalyst nZVI can be recoverable and reutilized in many cycles without loss of its significant catalytic activity. The synthesized nZVI could be a promising material to treat industrial wastewater via profitable, sustainable, and ecofriendly approaches.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  3. Green synthesis of palm oil mill effluent-based graphenic adsorbent for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater
    Teow YH, Nordin NI, Mohammad AW
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Nov;26(33):33747-33757.
    PMID: 29754300 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2189-6
    Textile wastewater contains methylene blue (MB), a major coloring agent in textile industry. Activated carbon (AC) is the most widely used adsorbent in removing dyes from industrial wastewater. However, high production cost of AC is the major obstacle for its wide application in dye wastewater treatment. In this study, a sustainable approach in synthesizing graphenic adsorbent from palm oil mill effluent (POME), a potential carbonaceous source, has been explored. This new development in adsorption technique is considered as green synthesis as it does not require any binder during the synthesis process, and at the same time, it helps to solve the bottleneck of palm oil industry as POME is the main cause contributed to Malaysia's water pollution problem. The synthesized GSC was characterized through XRD, FESEM, and EDX. The adsorption performance of the synthesized GSC was evaluated by adsorption of MB. The effect of initial concentration of synthetic MB solution (1-20 mg/L) and weight of GSC (5-20 g) were investigated. A remarkable change in color of synthetic MB solution from blue to crystal clear was observed at the end of adsorption study. High efficiency of the synthesized GSC for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment is concluded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  4. Pineapple wastewater as co-substrate in treating real alkaline, non-biodegradable textile wastewater using biogranulation technology
    Nuid M, Aris A, Krishnen R, Chelliapan S, Muda K
    J Environ Manage, 2023 Oct 15;344:118501.
    PMID: 37418913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118501
    This study was to develop biogranules using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and to evaluate the effect of pineapple wastewater (PW) as a co-substrate for treating real textile wastewater (RTW). The biogranular system cycle was 24 h (2 stages of phase), with an anaerobic phase (17.8 h) followed by an aerobic phase (5.8 h) for every stage of the phase. The concentration of pineapple wastewater was the main factor studied in influencing COD and color removal efficiency. Pineapple wastewater with different concentrations (7, 5, 4, 3, and 0% v/v) makes a total volume of 3 L and causes the OLRs to vary from 2.90 to 0.23 kg COD/m3day. The system achieved 55% of average color removal and 88% of average COD removal at 7%v/v PW concentration during treatment. With the addition of PW, the removal increased significantly. The experiment on the treatment of RTW without any added nutrients proved the importance of co-substrate in dye degradation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  5. Characterisation of microbial flocs formed from raw textile wastewater in aerobic biofilm reactor (ABR)
    Ibrahim Z, Amin MF, Yahya A, Aris A, Umor NA, Muda K, et al.
    Water Sci Technol, 2009;60(3):683-8.
    PMID: 19657163 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.440
    Microbial flocs formed from raw textile wastewater in a prototype Aerobic Biofilm Reactor (ABR) system were characterised and studied for their potential use in the treatment of textile wastewater. After 90-100 days of operation, microbial flocs of loose irregular structures were obtained from the reactor with good settling velocity of 33 m/h and sludge volume index (SVI) of 48.2 mL/g. Molecular analysis of the flocs using PCR-amplified 16S rDNA sequence showed 98% homology to those of Bacillus sp, Paenibacillus sp and Acromobacter sp. Detection of Ca(2+)(131 mg/g) and Fe(2+)(131 mg/g) using atomic absorption spectrometer might be implicated with the flocs formation. In addition, presence of Co(2+) and Ni(2+) were indicative of the flocs ability to accumulate at least a fraction of the metals' present in the wastewater. When the flocs were used for the treatment of raw textile wastewater, they showed good removal of COD and colour about 55% and 70% respectively, indicating their potential application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles*
  6. Fulltext A non-printed integrated-circuit textile for wireless theranostics
    Yang Y, Wei X, Zhang N, Zheng J, Chen X, Wen Q, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2021 08 12;12(1):4876.
    PMID: 34385436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25075-8
    While the printed circuit board (PCB) has been widely considered as the building block of integrated electronics, the world is switching to pursue new ways of merging integrated electronic circuits with textiles to create flexible and wearable devices. Herein, as an alternative for PCB, we described a non-printed integrated-circuit textile (NIT) for biomedical and theranostic application via a weaving method. All the devices are built as fibers or interlaced nodes and woven into a deformable textile integrated circuit. Built on an electrochemical gating principle, the fiber-woven-type transistors exhibit superior bending or stretching robustness, and were woven as a textile logical computing module to distinguish different emergencies. A fiber-type sweat sensor was woven with strain and light sensors fibers for simultaneously monitoring body health and the environment. With a photo-rechargeable energy textile based on a detailed power consumption analysis, the woven circuit textile is completely self-powered and capable of both wireless biomedical monitoring and early warning. The NIT could be used as a 24/7 private AI "nurse" for routine healthcare, diabetes monitoring, or emergencies such as hypoglycemia, metabolic alkalosis, and even COVID-19 patient care, a potential future on-body AI hardware and possibly a forerunner to fabric-like computers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles*
  7. An efficient and economical treatment for batik textile wastewater containing high levels of silicate and organic pollutants using a sequential process of acidification, magnesium oxide, and palm shell-based activated carbon application
    Birgani PM, Ranjbar N, Abdullah RC, Wong KT, Lee G, Ibrahim S, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2016 Dec 15;184(Pt 2):229-239.
    PMID: 27717677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.09.066
    Considering the chemical properties of batik effluents, an efficient and economical treatment process was established to treat batik wastewater containing not only high levels of Si and chemical oxygen demand (COD), but also toxic heavy metals. After mixing the effluents obtained from the boiling and soaking steps in the batik process, acidification using concentrated hydrochloric acid (conc. HCl) was conducted to polymerize the silicate under acidic conditions. Consequently, sludge was produced and floated. XRD and FT-IR analyses showed that wax molecules were coordinated by hydrogen bonding with silica (SiO2). The acidification process removed ∼78-95% of COD and ∼45-50% of Si, depending on the pH. In the next stage, magnesium oxide (MgO) was applied to remove heavy metals completely and almost 90% of the Si in the liquid phase. During this step, about 70% of COD was removed in the hydrogel that arose as a consequence of the crosslinking characteristics of the formed nano-composite, such as magnesium silicate or montmorillonite. The hydrogel was composed mainly of waxes with polymeric properties. Then, the remaining Si (∼300 mg/L) in the wastewater combined with the effluents from the rinsing steps was further treated using 50 mg/L MgO. As a final step, palm-shell activated carbon (PSAC) was used to remove the remaining COD to 
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles*
  8. Decolorization and biotransformation pathway of textile dye by Cylindrocephalum aurelium
    Mostafa AA, Elshikh MS, Al-Askar AA, Hadibarata T, Yuniarto A, Syafiuddin A
    Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 2019 Sep;42(9):1483-1494.
    PMID: 31076865 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02144-3
    Due to environmental concern, the research to date has tended to focus on how textile dye removal can be carried out in a greener manner. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the decolorization and biotransformation pathway of Mordant Orange-1 (MO-1) by Cylindrocephalum aurelium RY06 (C. aurelium RY06). Decolorization study was conducted in a batch experiment including the investigation of the effects of physio-chemical parameters. Enzymatic activity of C. aurelium RY06 during the decolorization was also investigated. Moreover, transformation and biodegradation of MO-1 by C. aurelium RY06 were observed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, laccase, 1,2-dioxygenase, and 2,3-dioxygenase enzymes were detected during the decolorization. In general, the present work concluded that the MO-1 was successfully degraded by C. aurelium RY06 and transformed to be maleic acid and to be isophtalic acid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles*
  9. Fulltext Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Immobilized on Activated Carbon Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity Enhancement Study and Its Application on Textiles Fabrics
    Wibawa PJ, Nur M, Asy'ari M, Wijanarka W, Susanto H, Sutanto H, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Jun 22;26(13).
    PMID: 34206375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133790
    This research aimed to enhance the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from silver nitrate (AgNO3) using aloe vera extract. It was performed by means of incorporating AgNPs on an activated carbon nanoparticle (ACNPs) under ultrasonic agitation (40 kHz, 2 × 50 watt) for 30 min in an aqueous colloidal medium. The successful AgNPs synthesis was clarified with both Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometers. The successful AgNPs-ACNPs incorporation and its particle size analysis was performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The brown color suspension generation and UV-Vis's spectra maximum wavelength at around 480 nm confirmed the existence of AgNPs. The particle sizes of the produced AgNPs were about 5 to 10 nm in the majority number, which collectively surrounded the aloe vera extract secondary metabolites formed core-shell like nanostructure of 8.20 ± 2.05 nm in average size, while ACNPs themselves were about 20.10 ± 1.52 nm in average size formed particles cluster, and 48.00 ± 8.37 nm in average size as stacking of other particles. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs and AgNPs-immobilized ACNPs was 57.58% and 63.64%, respectively (for E. coli); 61.25%, and 93.49%, respectively (for S. aureus). In addition, when the AgNPs-immobilized ACNPs material was coated on the cotton and polyester fabrics, the antibacterial activity of the materials changed, becoming 19.23% (cotton; E. coli), 31.73% (polyester; E. coli), 13.36% (cotton; S. aureus), 21.15% (polyester; S. aureus).
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles*
  10. Work Ability and Its Related Factors Among Workers in Small and Medium Enterprises: Comparison Among Four ASEAN Countries
    Kaewboonchoo O, Isahak M, Susilowati I, Phuong TN, Morioka I, Harncharoen K, et al.
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2016 Jul;28(5):438-49.
    PMID: 27273897 DOI: 10.1177/1010539516651957
    Work ability is related to many factors that might influence one's capacity to work. This study aimed to examine the work ability and its related factors among small and medium enterprises (SME) workers in 4 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. The participants in this study included 2098 workers from food and textile industries in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey of anonymous self-administrated questionnaire was designed to collect information on sociodemographic factors, work environment and ergonomic condition, musculoskeletal disorders, and work ability. Bivariate correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses were used to predict the work ability. Results of this study confirm that work ability in 4 ASEAN countries was similar to that in European countries, and that the sociodemographic factors, work environment and ergonomic condition, and musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) were associated with work ability. These factors are important for considering occupational health and safety policy to promote work ability in food, textile, and other SME workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  11. Electrocoagulation using a rotated anode: A novel reactor design for textile wastewater treatment
    Naje AS, Chelliapan S, Zakaria Z, Abbas SA
    J Environ Manage, 2016 Jul 1;176:34-44.
    PMID: 27039362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.034
    This paper investigates the optimum operational conditions of a novel rotated bed electrocoagulation (EC) reactor for the treatment of textile wastewater. The effect of various operational parameters such as rotational speed, current density (CD), operational time (RT), pH, temperature, and inter-electrode distance (IED) on the pollutant removal efficiency were examined. In addition, the consumption of aluminum (Al) and electrical energy, as well as operating costs at optimum conditions were also calculated. The results indicated that the optimum conditions for the treatment of textile wastewater were achieved at CD = 4 mA/cm(2), RT = 10 min, rotational speed = 150 rpm, pH = 4.57, temperature = 25 °C, and IED = 1 cm. The electrode consumption, energy consumption, and operating costs were 0.038 kg/m(3), 4.66 kWh/m(3) and 0.44 US$/m(3), respectively. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity and color were 97.10%, 95.55%, 98%, 96% and 98.50%, respectively, at the first 10 min of reaction time, while the phenol compound of the wastewater was almost entirely removed (99.99%). The experimental results confirm that the new reactor design with rotated anode impellers and cathode rings provided high treatment efficiency at a reduced reaction time and with lower energy consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  12. Fulltext Forensic analysis of accelerant on different fabrics using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and chemometrics techniques
    Farah Izza Jais, Sharifah Mastura, Naji Arafat Mahat, Dzulkiflee Ismail, Muhammad Naeim Mohamad Asri
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):112-117.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Accelerants and fabrics are commonly used to spread fire attributable to their highly flammable prop- erties. Hence, having the ability to discriminate the different types of accelerants on various types of fabrics after fire and/or arson using the non-destructive Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spec- troscopy coupled with chemometric techniques appears forensically relevant. Methods: Six types of fabrics viz. cotton, wool, silk, rayon, satin, and polyester, were burnt completely with RON95 and RON97 gasoline as well as diesel. Subsequently, the samples were analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for discriminating the different types of accelerants on such burned fabrics. Results: RON95 showed the fastest rate of burning on all fabric types. Results also revealed that while wool had the slowest burning rate for all the three different accelerants, polyester, cotton, and satin demon- strated the highest rate of burning in RON95, RON97, and diesel, respectively. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of alkane, alcohol, alkene, alkyne, aromatic, and amine compounds for all fabrics. The two dimensional PCA (PC1 versus PC2) demonstrated 71% of variance and it was improved by cross-validation through the three dimensional LDA technique with correct classification of 77.8%. Conclusion: ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometric techniques had enabled identification of the functional groups, as well as statistically supported discrimination of the different accelerants, a matter of relevance in forensic fire and arson investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  13. Fulltext Isolation of Textile Waste Cellulose Nanofibrillated Fibre Reinforced in Polylactic Acid-Chitin Biodegradable Composite for Green Packaging Application
    Rizal S, Olaiya FG, Saharudin NI, Abdullah CK, N G O, Mohamad Haafiz MK, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Jan 20;13(3).
    PMID: 33498323 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030325
    Textile waste cellulose nanofibrillated fibre has been reported with excellent strength reinforcement ability in other biopolymers. In this research cellulose nanofibrilated fibre (CNF) was isolated from the textile waste cotton fabrics with combined supercritical carbon dioxide and high-pressure homogenisation. The isolated CNF was used to enhance the polylactic acid/chitin (PLA/chitin) properties. The properties enhancement effect of the CNF was studied by characterising the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite for improved mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The tensile properties, impact strength, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetry analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and the PLA/chitin/CNF biocomposite wettability were studied. The result showed that the tensile strength, elongation, tensile modulus, and impact strength improved significantly with chitin and CNF compared with the neat PLA. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) morphological images showed uniform distribution and dispersion of the three polymers in each other, which corroborate the improvement in mechanical properties. The biocomposite's water absorption increased more than the neat PLA, and the contact angle was reduced. The results of the ternary blend compared with PLA/chitin binary blend showed significant enhancement with CNF. This showed that the three polymers' combination resulted in a better material property than the binary blend.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  14. Extraction and application of keratin from natural resources: a review
    Chilakamarry CR, Mahmood S, Saffe SNBM, Arifin MAB, Gupta A, Sikkandar MY, et al.
    3 Biotech, 2021 May;11(5):220.
    PMID: 33968565 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02734-7
    Over recent years, keratin has gained great popularity due to its exceptional biocompatible and biodegradable nature. It has shown promising results in various industries like poultry, textile, agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Keratin is a multipurpose biopolymer that has been used in the production of fibrous composites, and with necessary modifications, it can be developed into gels, films, nanoparticles, and microparticles. Its stability against enzymatic degradation and unique biocompatibility has found their way into biomedical applications and regenerative medicine. This review discusses the structure of keratin, its classification and its properties. It also covers various methods by which keratin is extracted like chemical hydrolysis, enzymatic and microbial treatment, dissolution in ionic liquids, microwave irradiation, steam explosion technique, and thermal hydrolysis or superheated process. Special emphasis is placed on its utilisation in the form of hydrogels, films, fibres, sponges, and scaffolds in various biotechnological and industrial sectors. The present review can be noteworthy for the researchers working on natural protein and related usage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  15. Bioremediation and Detoxification of the Textile Wastewater with Membrane Bioreactor Using the White-rot Fungus and Reuse of Wastewater
    Hossain K, Quaik S, Ismail N, Rafatullah M, Avasan M, Shaik R
    Iran J Biotechnol, 2016 Sep;14(3):154-162.
    PMID: 28959331 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1216
    BACKGROUND: Application of membrane technology to wastewater treatment has expanded over the last decades due to increasingly stringent legislation, greater opportunities for water reuse/recycling processes and continuing advancement in membrane technology.

    OBJECTIVES: In the present study, a bench-scale submerged microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to assess the treatment of textile wastewater.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The decolorization capacity of white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor was confirmed through agar plate and liquid batch studies. The temperature and pH of the reactor were controlled at 29±1°C and 4.5±2, respectively. The bioreactor was operated with an average flux of 0.05 m.d(-1) (HRT=15hrs) for a month.

    RESULTS: Extensive growth of fungi and their attachment to the membrane led to its fouling and associated increase of the transmembrane pressure requiring a periodic withdrawal of sludge and membrane cleaning. However, stable decoloration activity (approx. 98%), BOD (40-50%), COD (50-67%) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal (>95%) was achieved using the entire system (fungi + membrane), while the contribution of the fungi culture alone for TOC removal, as indicated by the quality of the reactor supernatant, was 35-50% and 70%, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: The treated wastewater quality satisfied the requirement of water quality for dyeing and finishing process excluding light coloration. Therefore, textile wastewater reclamation and reuse is a promising alternative, which can both conserve or supplement the available water resource and reduce or eliminate the environmental pollution.

    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  16. Enhanced Photocatalytic Behavior of (GO/Cu₂O) Composite with Cu₂O Being Synthesized Through Green Route
    Muthukumaran M, Dhinagaran G, Narayanan V, Raju T, Venkatachalam K, Karthika PC, et al.
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2019 Nov 01;19(11):7215-7220.
    PMID: 31039878 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16671
    Graphene oxide/Cuprous oxide (GO/Cu₂O) composite is a visible light photocatalyst for the degradation of dyes. A simple and efficient approach for preparing GO/Cu₂O composite adopted in this study involves reducing cuprous oxide precursors in the presence of graphene oxide using an aqueous solution of pulp derived from banana fruit. The GO/Cu₂O composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Diffused reflectance Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (DRS UV-Vis), Raman spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Cu₂O particles were distributed randomly on the graphene oxide sheets due to the template effect of GO. The results showed higher photocatalytic activity for the composite (band gap 2.13 eV), for the degradation of the organic dyes (Methylene blue and Rhodamine-B). The enhanced photocatalytic activity is due to effective charge transfer from GO to Cu₂O, and high specific surface area which improves the effective separation of the generated electron-hole pairs. Our present study is inspired by a facile, low cost, green production of (GO/Cu₂O) composite whose photocatalytic activity can be extended to degradation of all other water-born textile dyes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  17. Fulltext Detection of malachite green and leuco-malachite green in fishery industry
    Hidayah, N., Abu Bakar, F., Mahyudin, N.A., Faridah, S., Nur-Azura, M.S., Zaman, M.Z.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(4):1511-1519.
    MyJurnal
    This article summarises the current methods for total malachite green (MG) detection which is known as a sum of MG and leuco-malachite green (LMG) that has been used extensively in aquaculture as fungicide, dye color in textile and other purposes in food industries. LMG is a reducing form of MG, where the MG is easily reduced due to the photo-oxidative de-methylation process. Nevertheless, the use of MG had become an issue due to its toxicity effects. Many analytical instruments such as HPLC, LC—MS/MS, GC—MS, and spectrometry have been widely used for detection of MG. However, these methods require long time sample preparation and analysis, expensive, use hazardous reagents and indirect measurements. Hence, other analytical methods which are more sensitive, safe, rapid, inexpensive and portable are required. Alternatively, biosensors promise a more sensitive and rapid detection method for MG and LMG.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  18. Fulltext Characterization of Textile-Insulated Capacitive Biosensors
    Ng CL, Reaz MB
    Sensors (Basel), 2017 Mar 12;17(3).
    PMID: 28287493 DOI: 10.3390/s17030574
    Capacitive biosensors are an emerging technology revolutionizing wearable sensing systems and personal healthcare devices. They are capable of continuously measuring bioelectrical signals from the human body while utilizing textiles as an insulator. Different textile types have their own unique properties that alter skin-electrode capacitance and the performance of capacitive biosensors. This paper aims to identify the best textile insulator to be used with capacitive biosensors by analysing the characteristics of 6 types of common textile materials (cotton, linen, rayon, nylon, polyester, and PVC-textile) while evaluating their impact on the performance of a capacitive biosensor. A textile-insulated capacitive (TEX-C) biosensor was developed and validated on 3 subjects. Experimental results revealed that higher skin-electrode capacitance of a TEX-C biosensor yields a lower noise floor and better signal quality. Natural fabric such as cotton and linen were the two best insulating materials to integrate with a capacitive biosensor. They yielded the lowest noise floor of 2 mV and achieved consistent electromyography (EMG) signals measurements throughout the performance test.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  19. A comparative study on the cost effectiveness of disposable vs cloth diapers in a neonatal unit
    Lim, N.L., Mohd Sham Kasim
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1993;5(1):20-25.
    MyJurnal
    The cost effectiveness of the use of disposable diapers was compared to that of cloth diapers in a neonatal unit of 65 beds. A total of 39 doctors and nurses participated in the study. It was found that a cost of RM4 .56 was incurred per baby per day when diapered with disposable diapers compared to RM4.29 when diapered with cloth diapers. However, all doctors and nurses preferred the disposable diaper system because of its significantly better qualities in providing hygiene and dryness, preventing leakage and contamination, and reducing the risk of diaper rashes. Disposable diapers were also easier to use and the volume of associated linen for laundering was reduced. The apparent RM0.27 extra cost per baby per day in the disposable diapering system is offset by its superior qualities and money saved in uncosted items like depreciation of laundering machines and nursing time saved. The disposable diapering system is therefore considered more cost-effective than the cloth diapers system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
  20. The AirCirc: design and development of a thermal management prototype device for below-knee prosthesis leg socket
    Nurhanisah MH, Jawaid M, Ahmad Azmeer R, Paridah MT
    Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol, 2019 07;14(5):513-520.
    PMID: 29933703 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2018.1479782
    This study describes a newly developed prosthetic leg socket design for a below-knee amputation. Excessive heat and the resulted perspiration within a prosthetic socket were the most common causes for reporting a reduced quality of life for prosthetic users. The product namely AirCirc means air circulation and it has been designed by approach of medical device design process in providing the amputees to maintain the skin temperature inside the socket. This device has been designed to provide the amputees with comfort and ultimate breathable. In order to design the device, the small hole was made in prosthetic socket surface since it has a function as air circulation. Four types of proposed sockets namely P1, P2, P3 and P4 and one control socket were compared on a single patient to determine the best design of prosthetic socket. The result successfully reveals that by using holes can be maintain the temperature inside prosthetic socket. In addition to the eco-friendly material, the woven kenaf was used as material that provides good strength as compared to glass fibre and offer sustainable and biodegradable product yet provides unique and aesthetic surface as came from woven kenaf itself. The objective of this paper is to provide the airflow prosthetic socket design and optimize the use of natural fibre in prostheses field. Thus, with the use of the environmental friendly material, functionality device and heat removal capability make the device suitable for maintaining a comfortable and healthy environment for prosthesis. Implications of Rehabilitation Newly developed prosthetic leg socket design for a below-knee amputation Device has been designed to provide the amputees with comfort and ultimate breathable Woven kenaf was used as material that provides good strength as compared to glass fibre for sustainable and biodegradable product Results show that by using holes can be maintain the temperature inside prosthetic socket.
    Matched MeSH terms: Textiles
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