Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 342 in total

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  1. Chan FKL, Wong MCS, Chan AT, East JE, Chiu HM, Makharia GK, et al.
    Gut, 2023 Jul;72(7):1240-1254.
    PMID: 37019620 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329429
    Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is effective in reducing CRC related mortality. Current screening methods include endoscopy based and biomarker based approaches. This guideline is a joint official statement of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) and the Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE), developed in response to the increasing use of, and accumulating supportive evidence for the role of, non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC and its precursor lesions. A systematic review of 678 publications and a two stage Delphi consensus process involving 16 clinicians in various disciplines was undertaken to develop 32 evidence based and expert opinion based recommendations for the use of faecal immunochemical tests, faecal based tumour biomarkers or microbial biomarkers, and blood based tumour biomarkers for the detection of CRC and adenoma. Comprehensive up-to-date guidance is provided on indications, patient selection and strengths and limitations of each screening tool. Future research to inform clinical applications are discussed alongside objective measurement of research priorities. This joint APAGE-APSDE practice guideline is intended to provide an up-to-date guide to assist clinicians worldwide in utilising non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening; it has particular salience for clinicians in the Asia-Pacific region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  2. Saberi FNM, Liew YM, Sukumaran P, Ung NM
    Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2023 Sep;43:103715.
    PMID: 37481146 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103715
    Head and neck cancer patients are prone to dental caries after radiotherapy. An ex-vivo study was conducted to assess the feasibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect tooth demineralization due to caries in irradiated teeth. Thirty-nine human molar teeth were subjected to caries lesion induction through irradiation (Group 1), pH cycling (Group 2-1), and both (Group 2-2). The OCT signal attenuation coefficient, µR was assessed and validated against microhardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The µR for Group 1 increased from 10 Gy to 40 Gy, and subsequently decreased after irradiated to 50 Gy and 60 Gy due to damaged enamel microstructure. In Group 2-1, the µR decreased with duration of pH cycling from day 1 to day 14 due to the increase of porosity in enamel layer. However, the µR showed decreasing trend from day 14 to day 28 of pH cycling, resulted from mineral deposition in the enamel layer. Although no significant difference was found in the µR between Group 2-1 and 2-2, SEM of Group 2-2 demonstrated visually higher porosity and larger gaps between microstructures. Irradiation may accelerate caries damage to tooth microstructure by increasing its porosity and brittleness, but larger sample size may be needed to further prove the effect. OCT could potentially be used for early detection of tooth demineralization in vivo based on the measurable µR changes for all groups which are shown negatively correlated with microhardness value (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  3. Su TT, Donnelly M
    Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 2022 Sep;31(5):e13593.
    PMID: 35396774 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13593
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  4. Lopes G, Stern MC, Temin S, Sharara AI, Cervantes A, Costas-Chavarri A, et al.
    J Glob Oncol, 2019 02;5:1-22.
    PMID: 30802159 DOI: 10.1200/JGO.18.00213
    PURPOSE: To provide resource-stratified, evidence-based recommendations on the early detection of colorectal cancer in four tiers to clinicians, patients, and caregivers.

    METHODS: American Society of Clinical Oncology convened a multidisciplinary, multinational panel of medical oncology, surgical oncology, surgery, gastroenterology, health technology assessment, cancer epidemiology, pathology, radiology, radiation oncology, and patient advocacy experts. The Expert Panel reviewed existing guidelines and conducted a modified ADAPTE process and a formal consensus-based process with additional experts (Consensus Ratings Group) for two round(s) of formal ratings.

    RESULTS: Existing sets of guidelines from eight guideline developers were identified and reviewed; adapted recommendations form the evidence base. These guidelines, along with cost-effectiveness analyses, provided evidence to inform the formal consensus process, which resulted in agreement of 75% or more.

    CONCLUSION: In nonmaximal settings, for people who are asymptomatic, are ages 50 to 75 years, have no family history of colorectal cancer, are at average risk, and are in settings with high incidences of colorectal cancer, the following screening options are recommended: guaiac fecal occult blood test and fecal immunochemical testing (basic), flexible sigmoidoscopy (add option in limited), and colonoscopy (add option in enhanced). Optimal reflex testing strategy for persons with positive screens is as follows: endoscopy; if not available, barium enema (basic or limited). Management of polyps in enhanced is as follows: colonoscopy, polypectomy; if not suitable, then surgical resection. For workup and diagnosis of people with symptoms, physical exam with digital rectal examination, double contrast barium enema (only in basic and limited); colonoscopy; flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy (if contraindication to latter) or computed tomography colonography if contraindications to two endoscopies (enhanced only).

    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/methods; Early Detection of Cancer/standards*
  5. Ginsburg O, Yip CH, Brooks A, Cabanes A, Caleffi M, Dunstan Yataco JA, et al.
    Cancer, 2020 May 15;126 Suppl 10(Suppl 10):2379-2393.
    PMID: 32348566 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32887
    When breast cancer is detected and treated early, the chances of survival are very high. However, women in many settings face complex barriers to early detection, including social, economic, geographic, and other interrelated factors, which can limit their access to timely, affordable, and effective breast health care services. Previously, the Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) developed resource-stratified guidelines for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. In this consensus article from the sixth BHGI Global Summit held in October 2018, the authors describe phases of early detection program development, beginning with management strategies required for the diagnosis of clinically detectable disease based on awareness education and technical training, history and physical examination, and accurate tissue diagnosis. The core issues address include finance and governance, which pertain to successful planning, implementation, and the iterative process of program improvement and are needed for a breast cancer early detection program to succeed in any resource setting. Examples are presented of implementation, process, and clinical outcome metrics that assist in program implementation monitoring. Country case examples are presented to highlight the challenges and opportunities of implementing successful breast cancer early detection programs, and the complex interplay of barriers and facilitators to achieving early detection for breast cancer in real-world settings are considered.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/economics; Early Detection of Cancer/methods*
  6. Naing C, Jun YK, Yee WM, Waqiyuddin SJ, Lui LC, Shaung OY, et al.
    Eur J Cancer Prev, 2014 Mar;23(2):71-5.
    PMID: 23722440 DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328362e9b4
    The aims of the study were (i) to determine the knowledge and perceptions of colorectal cancer (CRC), (ii) to explore the willingness of the study population to take a screening test for CRC, and (iii) to identify factors affecting the willingness to take a screening test for CRC. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in a semiurban town in Malaysia using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were determined for all important variables. A binary logistic regression model was introduced to identify independent predictors of the willingness to take a screening test. Factors influencing willingness were explored according to the constructs of the health belief model. Of the 256 respondents who had heard about CRC, the majority were aware of altered bowel habits (67.3%) or the presence of blood in stool or rectal bleeding (63.4%) as the warning symptoms. Although 38% of the respondents knew of colonoscopy as the screening test, 22% were not aware of any screening test for CRC. A majority (77.4%) showed willingness to take a screening test for CRC. In the multivariate analysis, 'having family or friends with history of CRC' and 'self-perceived risk' were the two significant variables for predicting the acceptance of CRC screening among the study population. Findings suggested that the respondents' knowledge of the CRC screening test was inadequate, albeit a high proportion expressed their intention to take screening tests. Health education on the CRC addressing available screening tests and the benefits of early screening for CRC should be scaled up.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/psychology*; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data
  7. Romli R, Shahabudin S, Saddki N, Mokhtar N
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):8-14.
    PMID: 30846655
    INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is among the most common cancers in women worldwide. The Pap smear test is the primary screening procedure used to detect abnormal cells that may develop into cancer.

    OBJECTIVES: This study analysed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of working women in Kedah state, Malaysia, about cervical cancer and Pap smear tests and the associations of knowledge, attitudes and practices with socio-demographic factors.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire study analysed knowledge, attitudes and practices among 210 female entrepreneurs who received funding from Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) in Kedah state. Women were included if they were married or previously married, aged 20-65 years and had not been diagnosed with cervical cancer.

    RESULTS: Most subjects could not recall common symptoms of cervical cancer, such as bleeding between periods, and did not know or were unsure of the suitable age for Pap smear tests and the interval between tests. Although most subjects agreed that Pap smear tests were necessary, some gave priority to other issues. About half (55.2%) had undergone Pap smear tests, but only 38.6% had been tested within the previous five years. Use of hormonal contraceptives, higher knowledge score, and higher attitude score were associated with Pap smear testing within the previous 5 years.

    CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge regarding cervical cancer and Pap smear testing and attitudes toward testing were poor among most participants. These factors were significantly associated with lack of actual testing.

    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/psychology*; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data
  8. Shah SA, Mahmood MI, Ahmad N
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 Nov 01;21(11):3137-3144.
    PMID: 33247668 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.11.3137
    BACKGROUND: The recent data shows reduced uptake on cancer screening where the Perception towards cancer screening by the public is one of the favorable factor might influence the screening uptake. Therefore, this study aims to determine the predictors of poor cancer screening perceptions among the population in Johor, Malaysia.

    METHODS: This was a cross sectional study of 1,312 respondents selected using a multistage design. Questionnaires relating to the demographic characteristics, socioeconomic profiles, social and physical environment, knowledge and perception of cancer screening were gathered. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the variables and their association with poor perceptions of cancer screening.

    RESULTS: Overall, 871(66.4%) respondents had poor perceptions of cancer screenings; 68.4% among males and 64.4% among females. In the multivariable analysis in the category of income, the bottom 40% and lower middle 40%, had not subscribed to health insurance, had poor social support, absence of any family history of cancer or comorbid illnesses, no previous attendance for cancer screening and poor knowledge of cancer, all of which were associated with their poor cancer screening perceptions.

    CONCLUSION: One way of developing cancer screening services to detect cancer in its early stage could include efforts to reach people with less awareness about cancer screening tests, lower socioeconomic status, and inadequate social support. Particular consideration should be taken to locate those who never had health insurance or attended cancer screening tests to provide the appropriate resources.

    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/psychology*; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data*
  9. Bohan S, Ramli Hamid MT, Chan WY, Vijayananthan A, Ramli N, Kaur S, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 01 08;11(1):129.
    PMID: 33420200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80124-4
    This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy (DBT-VABB) of screening detected suspicious mammographic abnormalities comprising of calcifications, asymmetric densities, architectural distortions and spiculated masses. In this institutionally approved study, a total of 170 (n = 170) DBT-VABB were performed, 153 (90%) were for calcifications, 8 (4.7%) for spiculated mass, 5 (2.9%) for asymmetric density and 4 (2.4%) for architectural distortion. All these lesions were not detected on the corresponding ultrasound. Histopathology results revealed 140 (82.4%) benign, 9 (5.3%) borderline and 21 (12.4%) malignant lesions. The total upgrade rate at surgery was 40% for atypical ductal hyperplasia and 5.9% for ductal carcinoma in-situ. 3.6% discordant benign lesions showed no upgrade. DBT-VABB showed 100% specificity, 91.3% sensitivity and 100% positive predictive value (PPV) for detecting malignant lesions. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 80%. 2 (1.2%) patients had mild complications and 1 (0.6%) had severe pain. Our study showed that DBT-VABB was a safe and reliable method, with high sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV in the diagnosis of non-palpable benign and malignant breast lesions. Our data also confirmed the accuracy of DBT-VABB in detecting malignant lesions and we suggest further surgical excision in borderline lesions for a more accurate diagnostic evaluation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/instrumentation; Early Detection of Cancer/methods*
  10. Lee M, Mariapun S, Rajaram N, Teo SH, Yip CH
    BMC Public Health, 2017 01 28;17(1):127.
    PMID: 28129762 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4015-3
    BACKGROUND: The incidence of breast cancer in Asia is increasing because of urbanization and lifestyle changes. In the developing countries in Asia, women present at late stages, and mortality is high. Mammographic screening is the only evidence-based screening modality that reduces breast cancer mortality. To date, only opportunistic screening is offered in the majority of Asian countries because of the lack of justification and funding. Nevertheless, there have been few reports on the effectiveness of such programmes. In this study, we describe the cancer detection rate and challenges experienced in an opportunistic mammographic screening programme in Malaysia.

    METHODS: From October 2011 to June 2015, 1,778 asymptomatic women, aged 40-74 years, underwent subsidised mammographic screening. All patients had a clinical breast examination before mammographic screening, and women with mammographic abnormalities were referred to a surgeon. The cancer detection rate and variables associated with a recommendation for adjunct ultrasonography were determined.

    RESULTS: The mean age for screening was 50.8 years and seven cancers (0.39%) were detected. The detection rate was 0.64% in women aged 50 years and above, and 0.12% in women below 50 years old. Adjunct ultrasonography was recommended in 30.7% of women, and was significantly associated with age, menopausal status, mammographic density and radiologist's experience. The main reasons cited for recommendation of an adjunct ultrasound was dense breasts and mammographic abnormalities.

    DISCUSSION: The cancer detection rate is similar to population-based screening mammography programmes in high-income Asian countries. Unlike population-based screening programmes in Caucasian populations where the adjunct ultrasonography rate is 2-4%, we report that 3 out of 10 women attending screening mammography were recommended for adjunct ultrasonography. This could be because Asian women attending screening are likely premenopausal and hence have denser breasts. Radiologists who reported more than 360 mammograms were more confident in reporting a mammogram as normal without adjunct ultrasonography compared to those who reported less than 180 mammograms.

    CONCLUSION: Our subsidised opportunistic mammographic screening programme is able to provide equivalent cancer detection rates but the high recall for adjunct ultrasonography would make screening less cost-effective.

    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/economics; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data*
  11. Tze CN, Fitzgerald H, Qureshi A, Tan HJ, Low ML
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2016;17(7):3179-83.
    PMID: 27509948
    The aim of this study was to assess the rate of uptake of a customised annual Colorectal Cancer Awareness, Screening and Treatment Project (CCASTP) using faecal immunohistochemical test (FIT) kits in low income communities in Malaysia. The immediate objectives were (1) to evaluate the level of adherence of CRC screening among lowincome groups, (2) to assess the knowledge and awareness of the screened population and (3) to assess the accuracy of FIT kits. A total of 1,581 FIT kits were distributed between years 2010 to 2015 to healthy asymptomatic participants of the annual CCASTP organized by Empowered the Cancer Advocacy Society of Malaysia. Data for sociodemographic characteristics, critical health and lifestyle information of the registered subjects were collected. Findings for use of the FIT kits were collected when they were returned for stool analyses. Those testingd positive were invited to undergo a colonoscopy examination. A total of 1,436 (90.8%) of the subjects retuned the FITkits, showing high compliance. Among the 129 subjects with positive FIT results, 92 (71.3%) underwent colonoscopy. Six cases (6.5%) of CRC were found. Based on the data collected, the level of awareness of stool examination and knowledge about CRC was poor amongst the participants. Gender, age group, ethnicity and risk factors (i.e. smoking, lack of exercise and low consumption of fresh fruits) were associated with positive FITkit results. In conclusion, CRC screening can be performed in the community with a single FITkit. Although CRC knowledge and awareness is poor in lowincome communities, the average return rate of the FIT kits and rate of colonoscopy examination were 91.2% and 70.3%, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/economics*; Early Detection of Cancer/methods
  12. Mohamad M, Kok HS
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2019 May 25;20(5):1427-1432.
    PMID: 31127903
    Objective: This study aims to investigate the public pattern in seeking breast cancer screening information in
    Malaysia using Google Trends. Methods: The Google Trends database was evaluated for the relative Internet search
    popularity of breast cancer and screening-related search terms from 2007 to 2018. Results: Result showed downward
    trends in breast cancer search, whereas mammogram and tomosynthesis search fluctuated consistently. A significant
    increment was found during Pink October month. Breast cancer search term achieved the highest popularity in the east
    coast of Malaysia with [x2 (5, N=661) = 110.93, P<0.05], whereas mammogram attained the highest search volume in
    central Malaysia [x2 (4, N=67) = 18.90, P<0.05]. The cross-correlation for breast cancer was moderate among northern
    Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak (0.3 ≤ rs ≤ 0.7). Conclusion: Public interest trend in breast cancer screening is strongly
    correlated with the breast cancer awareness campaign, Pink October. Breast cancer screening should be promoted in
    the rural areas in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer/psychology; Early Detection of Cancer/statistics & numerical data*
  13. Mei Hsien CC, Wan Azman WA, Md Yusof M, Ho GF, Krupat E
    BMJ Open, 2012;2(5).
    PMID: 23035016 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001799
    Psychological distress is common in patients with cancer. We need a rapid means of screening for and identifying depression and anxiety in patients with cancer. The present study evaluates the potential of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) scoring as a brief screening tool to assess psychological distress in routine cancer care. The ECOG PS is widely used by oncologists and the WHO, as a standardised measure to assess general well-being in patients with cancer and quality of life in cancer trials. We examine the discrepancy between patient-rated and oncologist-rated PS scores on the ECOG in a comparative assessment against the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  14. Gam LH
    PMID: 24520539 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v2.i5.86
    Breast cancer is a healthcare concern of women worldwide. Despite procedures being available for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer, researchers are working intensively on the disease in order to improve the life quality of breast cancer patients. At present, there is no single treatment known to bring a definite cure for breast cancer. One of the possible solutions for combating breast cancer is through identification of reliable protein biomarkers that can be effectively used for early detection, prognosis and treatments of the cancer. Therefore, the task of identification of biomarkers for breast cancer has become the focus of many researchers worldwide.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  15. Ho E, Abdullah B, Tang A, Nordin A, Nair A, Lim G, et al.
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2008 Oct;4(4):e44.
    PMID: 21611021 DOI: 10.2349/biij.4.4.e44
    To date, the College of Radiology (CoR) does not see any clear benefit in performing whole body screening computed tomography (CT) examinations in healthy asymptomatic individuals. There are radiation risk issues in CT and principles of screening should be adhered to. There may be a role for targeted cardiac screening CT that derives calcium score, especially for asymptomatic medium-risk individuals and CT colonography when used as part of a strategic programme for colorectal cancer screening in those 50 years and older. However, population based screening CT examinations may become appropriate when evidence emerges regarding a clear benefit for the patient outweighing the associated radiation risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  16. Mu AK, Lim BK, Aminudin N, Hashim OH, Shuib AS
    Arch Physiol Biochem, 2016 Jul;122(3):111-6.
    PMID: 26849673 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2016.1151441
    Endometrial (ECa), ovarian (OCa) and cervical (CCa) cancers are among 10 of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Cancers are known to cause some proteins to be differentially glycosylated or aberrantly excreted in the urine, which can be used as biomarkers. Since ECa, OCa and CCa are difficult to diagnose at the early stage, the aim of the present study was to identify a panel of new biomarkers for early detection of the cancers using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) technology. Identification of early biomarkers that are specific and efficient can increase the survival rate of the patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  17. Chua B, Ma V, Asjes C, Lim A, Mohseni M, Wee HL
    PMID: 33926019 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094586
    In Southeast Asia, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. Low coverage for cervical cancer screening (CCS) becomes a roadblock to disease detection and treatment. Existing reviews on CCS have limited insights into the barriers and facilitators for SEA. Hence, this study aims to identify key barriers and facilitators among women living in SEA. A systematic literature review was conducted on Pubmed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. Primary qualitative and quantitative studies published in English that reported barriers and facilitators to CCS were included. The Mix Methods Appraisal Tool was used for the quality assessment of the included studies. Among the 93 included studies, pap smears (73.1%) were the most common screening modality. A majority of the studies were from Malaysia (35.5%). No studies were from Timor-Leste and the Philippines. The most common barriers were embarrassment (number of articles, n = 33), time constraints (n = 27), and poor knowledge of screening (n = 27). The most common facilitators were related to age (n = 21), receiving advice from healthcare workers (n = 17), and education status (n = 11). Findings from this review may inform health policy makers in developing effective cervical cancer screening programs in SEA countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  18. Bujang NN, Lee YJ, Mohd-Zain SA, Aris JH, Md-Yusoff FA, Suli Z, et al.
    JCO Glob Oncol, 2021 02;7:333-341.
    PMID: 33625866 DOI: 10.1200/GO.20.00460
    PURPOSE: The Malaysian Ministry of Health had launched free opportunistic screening for colorectal cancer using immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) targeting the average-risk individuals since 2014. This study aims to determine factors associated with colorectal cancer screening using iFOBT among the average-risk Malaysian population.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at five government-run health clinics in the state of Selangor. Adults with an average risk of colorectal cancer (age > 50 years, asymptomatic, and no family history of colorectal cancer) were recruited using systematic random sampling. An interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from the Cancer Awareness Measure and Health Belief Model was used.

    RESULTS: The median age of participants was 61 years (interquartile range, 56 to 66). Almost 60% of participants indicated their willingness to be screened. However, only 7.5% had undergone iFOBT. Good knowledge of risk factors of colorectal cancer, perceived susceptibility to the disease, and the doctor's recommendation were associated with increased willingness to be screened: adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.66 (95% CI, 1.12 to 2.46); aOR, 1.70 (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.70); and aOR, 5.76 (95% CI, 2.13 to 15.57), respectively. Nevertheless, being elderly (aOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.99) and high negative perception toward the testing method (iFOBT) (aOR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.30) were independently associated with lower willingness to be screened. Multivariable analysis within the average-risk individuals who were willing to be screened for colorectal cancer showed that the doctor's recommendations remained as an important cue for positive action, whereas negative perception toward the test was a significant barrier to the actual uptake of iFOBT.

    CONCLUSION: The present findings must be factored in when tailoring colorectal cancer screening promotion activities in multiethnic, middle-income settings.

    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  19. Khoo, Suan Phaik, Shanmuhasuntharam, P., Mahadzir, W.M., Tay, K.K., Latif, A., Nair, S.
    Ann Dent, 1996;3(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The diagnosis of oral cancer have been variously reported as being due to delay by clinicians, patients or both. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the referral pattern of 65 patients eventually diagnosed as having oral squamous cell carcinoma. The results showed that 50% of the patients delayed seeking professional help for more than 3 months after being aware of the lesion. The majority of the patients consulted medical practitioners as the first source of help. The mean clinicians' and patients' delay were 10.3 weeks and 28.9 weeks respectively. Dental practitioners showed a tendency to refer on more advanced lesions compared to the medical practitioners. The findings raise the concern that lack of patients' awareness, misdiagnosis by clinicians and late detection by dental practitioners prevail thus calling for urgent measures towards early detection of the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
  20. Nor Afiah, M.Z., Hejar, A.R., Looi, Y.K., Lim, S.J., Ng, C.Y., Tong, C.Y.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and in Malaysia. It has better cure rate if detected early. However, the practice of breast cancer screening in Malaysia is still low. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge and its associated factors as well as sources of information on breast cancer and breast cancer screening among female staff in a public university in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in 2005 involving 394 female staff including academic and non-academic staff, which was selected by cluster sampling. A self-administered questionnaire on socioeconomic characteristics and family history of breast cancer was used for data collection. Chi-square Test and Fisher’s Exact Test was used for testing an association using SPSS 12.0. Results: The response rate was 84.3%. Only 50.9% had high knowledge on breast cancer and breast cancer screening and this was significantly associated with occupational status, monthly family income and educational level (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer
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