Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 9614 in total

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  1. Consensus methods for combining multiple clusterings of chemical structures
    Saeed F, Salim N, Abdo A
    J Chem Inf Model, 2013 May 24;53(5):1026-34.
    PMID: 23581471 DOI: 10.1021/ci300442u
    The goal of consensus clustering methods is to find a consensus partition that optimally summarizes an ensemble and improves the quality of clustering compared with single clustering algorithms. In this paper, an enhanced voting-based consensus method was introduced and compared with other consensus clustering methods, including co-association-based, graph-based, and voting-based consensus methods. The MDDR and MUV data sets were used for the experiments and were represented by three 2D fingerprints: ALOGP, ECFP_4, and ECFC_4. The results were evaluated based on the ability of the clustering method to separate active from inactive molecules in each cluster using four criteria: F-measure, Quality Partition Index (QPI), Rand Index (RI), and Fowlkes-Mallows Index (FMI). The experiments suggest that the consensus methods can deliver significant improvements for the effectiveness of chemical structures clustering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Informatics/methods*
  2. Fulltext Stokes' second problem for magnetohydrodynamics flow in a Burgers' fluid: the cases γ = λ²/4 and γ>λ²/4
    Khan I, Ali F, Shafie S
    PLoS One, 2013;8(5):e61531.
    PMID: 23667442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061531
    The present work is concerned with exact solutions of Stokes second problem for magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of a Burgers' fluid. The fluid over a flat plate is assumed to be electrically conducting in the presence of a uniform magnetic field applied in outward transverse direction to the flow. The equations governing the flow are modeled and then solved using the Laplace transform technique. The expressions of velocity field and tangential stress are developed when the relaxation time satisfies the condition γ =  λ²/4 or γ> λ²/4. The obtained closed form solutions are presented in the form of simple or multiple integrals in terms of Bessel functions and terms with only Bessel functions. The numerical integration is performed and the graphical results are displayed for the involved flow parameters. It is found that the velocity decreases whereas the shear stress increases when the Hartmann number is increased. The solutions corresponding to the Stokes' first problem for hydrodynamic Burgers' fluids are obtained as limiting cases of the present solutions. Similar solutions for Stokes' second problem of hydrodynamic Burgers' fluids and those for Newtonian and Oldroyd-B fluids can also be obtained as limiting cases of these solutions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnetics/methods*
  3. Optimum gradient material for a functionally graded dental implant using metaheuristic algorithms
    Sadollah A, Bahreininejad A
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2011 Oct;4(7):1384-95.
    PMID: 21783149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.05.009
    Despite dental implantation being a great success, one of the key issues facing it is a mismatch of mechanical properties between engineered and native biomaterials, which makes osseointegration and bone remodeling problematical. Functionally graded material (FGM) has been proposed as a potential upgrade to some conventional implant materials such as titanium for selection in prosthetic dentistry. The idea of an FGM dental implant is that the property would vary in a certain pattern to match the biomechanical characteristics required at different regions in the hosting bone. However, matching the properties does not necessarily guarantee the best osseointegration and bone remodeling. Little existing research has been reported on developing an optimal design of an FGM dental implant for promoting long-term success. Based upon remodeling results, metaheuristic algorithms such as the genetic algorithms (GAs) and simulated annealing (SA) have been adopted to develop a multi-objective optimal design for FGM implantation design. The results are compared with those in literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dental Prosthesis Design/methods*
  4. Fulltext An innovations-based noise cancelling technique on inverse kepstrum whitening filter and adaptive FIR filter in beamforming structure
    Jeong J
    Sensors (Basel), 2011;11(7):6816-41.
    PMID: 22163987 DOI: 10.3390/s110706816
    This paper presents an acoustic noise cancelling technique using an inverse kepstrum system as an innovations-based whitening application for an adaptive finite impulse response (FIR) filter in beamforming structure. The inverse kepstrum method uses an innovations-whitened form from one acoustic path transfer function between a reference microphone sensor and a noise source so that the rear-end reference signal will then be a whitened sequence to a cascaded adaptive FIR filter in the beamforming structure. By using an inverse kepstrum filter as a whitening filter with the use of a delay filter, the cascaded adaptive FIR filter estimates only the numerator of the polynomial part from the ratio of overall combined transfer functions. The test results have shown that the adaptive FIR filter is more effective in beamforming structure than an adaptive noise cancelling (ANC) structure in terms of signal distortion in the desired signal and noise reduction in noise with nonminimum phase components. In addition, the inverse kepstrum method shows almost the same convergence level in estimate of noise statistics with the use of a smaller amount of adaptive FIR filter weights than the kepstrum method, hence it could provide better computational simplicity in processing. Furthermore, the rear-end inverse kepstrum method in beamforming structure has shown less signal distortion in the desired signal than the front-end kepstrum method and the front-end inverse kepstrum method in beamforming structure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bioengineering/methods*
  5. Ligand expansion in ligand-based virtual screening using relevance feedback
    Abdo A, Saeed F, Hamza H, Ahmed A, Salim N
    J Comput Aided Mol Des, 2012 Mar;26(3):279-87.
    PMID: 22249773 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-012-9543-4
    Query expansion is the process of reformulating an original query to improve retrieval performance in information retrieval systems. Relevance feedback is one of the most useful query modification techniques in information retrieval systems. In this paper, we introduce query expansion into ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) using the relevance feedback technique. In this approach, a few high-ranking molecules of unknown activity are filtered from the outputs of a Bayesian inference network based on a single ligand molecule to form a set of ligand molecules. This set of ligand molecules is used to form a new ligand molecule. Simulated virtual screening experiments with the MDL Drug Data Report and maximum unbiased validation data sets show that the use of ligand expansion provides a very simple way of improving the LBVS, especially when the active molecules being sought have a high degree of structural heterogeneity. However, the effectiveness of the ligand expansion is slightly less when structurally-homogeneous sets of actives are being sought.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods*
  6. Improvement of digital mammogram images using histogram equalization, histogram stretching and median filter
    Langarizadeh M, Mahmud R, Ramli AR, Napis S, Beikzadeh MR, Rahman WE
    J Med Eng Technol, 2011 Feb;35(2):103-8.
    PMID: 21204610 DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2010.542271
    Breast cancer is one of the most important diseases in females worldwide. According to the Malaysian Oncological Society, about 4% of women who are 40 years old and above are involved have breast cancer. Masses and microcalcifications are two important signs of breast cancer diagnosis on mammography. Enhancement techniques, i.e. histogram equalization, histogram stretching and median filters, were used to provide better visualization for radiologists in order to help early detection of breast abnormalities. In this research 60 digital mammogram images which includes 20 normal and 40 confirmed diagnosed cancerous cases were selected and manipulated using the mentioned techniques. The original and manipulated images were scored by three expert radiologists. Results showed that the selected methods have a positive significant effect on image quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mammography/methods*
  7. Complete electrochemical dechlorination of chlorobenzenes in the presence of naphthalene mediator
    Jalil AA, Panjang NF, Akhbar S, Sundang M, Tajuddin N, Triwahyono S
    J Hazard Mater, 2007 Sep 5;148(1-2):1-5.
    PMID: 17669589
    Electrochemical dechlorination of chlorobenzene in organic solutions was studied. Electrolysis of chlorobenzene in acetonitrile solution in a one-compartment cell fitted with a platinum cathode and a zinc anode at 60mA/cm(2) and 0 degrees C was found to be the optimum conditions, which gave complete dechlorination of chlorobenzene. However, similar result could not be achieved when applying these conditions to 1,3-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. We found that the use of naphthalene which reacted as a mediator in the appropriate system could accelerate the reduction and gave complete dechlorination of those chlorobenzenes. Moreover, in the presence of naphthalene the reaction time could be shortened by half compared to dechlorination in the absence of naphthalene.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrochemistry/methods*
  8. Scenes from the past: sun-dried X rays
    Joazlina ZY, Wastie ML
    Radiographics, 2005 Mar-Apr;25(2):549.
    PMID: 15798071
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiology/methods
  9. Hepatobiliary practical: how to get the best out of a liver biopsy
    Looi LM
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:144-5.
    PMID: 16108199
    The liver biopsy has a unique place in the investigation of liver disease because the concepts and classification of liver disease are rooted in morphology. Today, the use of the liver biopsy has extended beyond that of diagnosis, to the assessment of disease progression, response to therapy and transplant rejection. To get the best out of the liver biopsy, it is necessary to appreciate the usefulness and limitations of the biopsy specimen. Aspects to consider include: (1) minimizing sampling errors, and appreciating that the changes in the biopsy may not be representative of the primary pathology, (2) good laboratory quality practices to avoid processing artifacts, which may render a biopsy undiagnosable, (3) the appropriate use of special stains and other laboratory techniques, (4) adoption of a systematic and algorithmic approach in the microscopic examination of the biopsy, and (5) good clinicopathological correlation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopsy/methods*
  10. Blunder Lecture--an innovative method of teaching
    Satheesha NB, Somayaji SN, Ramnarayan K
    Adv Physiol Educ, 2005 Jun;29(2):130-1.
    PMID: 15905160
    Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
  11. A Review on Microdialysis Calibration Methods: the Theory and Current Related Efforts
    Kho CM, Enche Ab Rahim SK, Ahmad ZA, Abdullah NS
    Mol Neurobiol, 2017 07;54(5):3506-3527.
    PMID: 27189617 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9929-8
    Microdialysis is a sampling technique first introduced in the late 1950s. Although this technique was originally designed to study endogenous compounds in animal brain, it is later modified to be used in other organs. Additionally, microdialysis is not only able to collect unbound concentration of compounds from tissue sites; this technique can also be used to deliver exogenous compounds to a designated area. Due to its versatility, microdialysis technique is widely employed in a number of areas, including biomedical research. However, for most in vivo studies, the concentration of substance obtained directly from the microdialysis technique does not accurately describe the concentration of the substance on-site. In order to relate the results collected from microdialysis to the actual in vivo condition, a calibration method is required. To date, various microdialysis calibration methods have been reported, with each method being capable to provide valuable insights of the technique itself and its applications. This paper aims to provide a critical review on various calibration methods used in microdialysis applications, inclusive of a detailed description of the microdialysis technique itself to start with. It is expected that this article shall review in detail, the various calibration methods employed, present examples of work related to each calibration method including clinical efforts, plus the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Microdialysis/methods*
  12. Screening as a public health strategy--the ethical implications
    Narimah A
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Aug;55 Suppl B:52-61.
    PMID: 11125524
    Matched MeSH terms: Public Health/methods*
  13. A white character denture labeling technique
    Ling BC
    J Prosthet Dent, 1993 May;69(5):545.
    PMID: 8166779
    Matched MeSH terms: Denture Identification Marking/methods*
  14. Fulltext Temporary cardiac pacing at the bedside
    Ng TS
    Med J Malaysia, 1987 Jun;42(2):86-9.
    PMID: 3503195
    Temporary cardiac pacing is an established therapeutic modality in the treatment of heart block and bradyarrythmias due to various causes like drugs and metabolic causes and prior to permanent pacing. Temporary pacing using fluoroscopy is best but the image intensifier is not available to all medical units. The method of temporary pacing at the bedside is described in detail.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods*
  15. The multidiscipline laboratories of the University of Malaya Faculty of Medicine
    Saminathan R
    Med Educ, 1980 Sep;14(5):336-40.
    PMID: 7432218
    The multidiscipline laboratories (MDLs) of University of Malaya are a significant feature in the Faculty of Medicine. They provide facilities for a number of activities within the teaching curriculum. This is in contrast to the departmental type of laboratories. Being the first in the eastern hemisphere, they are gaining popularity among new medical schools in this part of the world. Since a number of visitors testify to a continued interest in the multidiscipline laboratories, an attempt is made to discuss our experience with these facilities in relation to tthe design, uses, organisation, staff requirement, student usage and space problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Teaching/methods*
  16. Simulation and novice nurses: A review
    Ruslan R, Saidi S
    Enferm Clin, 2019 09;29 Suppl 2:665-673.
    PMID: 31324543 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.102
    OBJECTIVE: To identify the existing simulation session and the impact of simulation on novice nurse.

    METHOD: The articles were searched through CINAHL, Scopus, Proquest, and OVID online database. Articles published from 2000, in English and among novice nurses were selected for review. Then, a narrative review was conducted guided by what are the existing simulation session been used and the impact on novice nurse.

    RESULT: Total of 19 articles been selected for review out of 272 articles. The findings of the reviewed were divided into 3 main themes. The themes are the existing simulation session, simulation as a support tool in the transition program and the impact of simulation on novice nurses.

    CONCLUSION: In summary, each simulation type has its learning domain. The effectiveness of the simulation will much depend on the appropriate simulation type selection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Education, Nursing/methods*
  17. Fulltext Using bootstrapped quantile regression analysis for small sample research in applied linguistics: Some methodological considerations
    Nikitina L, Paidi R, Furuoka F
    PLoS One, 2019;14(1):e0210668.
    PMID: 30640925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210668
    Quantitative applied linguistics research often takes place in restricted settings of an intact language classroom, workplace, phonetics laboratory or longitudinal sample. In such settings the samples tend to be small, which raises several methodological problems. The main aim of the current paper is to give a detailed explanation of methodological and practical implications inherent in a robust statistical method called bootstrapped quantile regression (BQR) analysis. Importantly for applied linguistics research, the BQR method could help to deal with methodological difficulties inherent in small sample studies. The current study employed a moderately small sample (N = 27) of students learning the Japanese language in a Malaysian public university. It examined the relationships between the students' language learning motivation (specifically, integrative orientation), the students' images or stereotypes about Japan and their global attitudes toward the target language country and its people. The findings indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between the students' attitudes toward the target language country and their integrative orientation. In addition, these attitudes were found to be the most constant determinant of the integrative orientation. Besides the applied linguistics research, the BQR method can be used in a variety of the human sciences research where a sample size is small.
    Matched MeSH terms: Linguistics/methods*
  18. Self-assembly programming of DNA polyominoes
    Ong HS, Syafiq-Rahim M, Kasim NH, Firdaus-Raih M, Ramlan EI
    J Biotechnol, 2016 Oct 20;236:141-51.
    PMID: 27569553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.08.017
    Fabrication of functional DNA nanostructures operating at a cellular level has been accomplished through molecular programming techniques such as DNA origami and single-stranded tiles (SST). During implementation, restrictive and constraint dependent designs are enforced to ensure conformity is attainable. We propose a concept of DNA polyominoes that promotes flexibility in molecular programming. The fabrication of complex structures is achieved through self-assembly of distinct heterogeneous shapes (i.e., self-organised optimisation among competing DNA basic shapes) with total flexibility during the design and assembly phases. In this study, the plausibility of the approach is validated using the formation of multiple 3×4 DNA network fabricated from five basic DNA shapes with distinct configurations (monomino, tromino and tetrominoes). Computational tools to aid the design of compatible DNA shapes and the structure assembly assessment are presented. The formations of the desired structures were validated using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imagery. Five 3×4 DNA networks were successfully constructed using combinatorics of these five distinct DNA heterogeneous shapes. Our findings revealed that the construction of DNA supra-structures could be achieved using a more natural-like orchestration as compared to the rigid and restrictive conventional approaches adopted previously.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanotechnology/methods*
  19. Fulltext Recent Techniques in Nutrient Analysis for Food Composition Database
    Md Noh MF, Gunasegavan RD, Mustafa Khalid N, Balasubramaniam V, Mustar S, Abd Rashed A
    Molecules, 2020 Oct 06;25(19).
    PMID: 33036314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194567
    Food composition database (FCD) provides the nutritional composition of foods. Reliable and up-to date FCD is important in many aspects of nutrition, dietetics, health, food science, biodiversity, plant breeding, food industry, trade and food regulation. FCD has been used extensively in nutrition labelling, nutritional analysis, research, regulation, national food and nutrition policy. The choice of method for the analysis of samples for FCD often depends on detection capability, along with ease of use, speed of analysis and low cost. Sample preparation is the most critical stage in analytical method development. Samples can be prepared using numerous techniques; however it should be applicable for a wide range of analytes and sample matrices. There are quite a number of significant improvements on sample preparation techniques in various food matrices for specific analytes highlighted in the literatures. Improvements on the technology used for the analysis of samples by specific instrumentation could provide an alternative to the analyst to choose for their laboratory requirement. This review provides the reader with an overview of recent techniques that can be used for sample preparation and instrumentation for food analysis which can provide wide options to the analysts in providing data to their FCD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Food Analysis/methods*
  20. Understanding Telerehabilitation Technology to Evaluate Stakeholders' Adoption of Telerehabilitation Services: A Systematic Literature Review and Directions for Further Research
    Niknejad N, Ismail W, Bahari M, Nazari B
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2021 07;102(7):1390-1403.
    PMID: 33484693 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.12.014
    OBJECTIVES: To examine the adoption of telerehabilitation services from the stakeholders' perspective and to investigate recent advances and future challenges.

    DATA SOURCES: A systematic review of English articles indexed by PubMed, Thomson Institute of Scientific Information's Web of Science, and Elsevier's Scopus between 1998 and 2020.

    STUDY SELECTION: The first author (N.N.) screened all titles and abstracts based on the eligibility criteria. Experimental and empirical articles such as randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, pre-experimental studies, case studies, surveys, feasibility studies, qualitative descriptive studies, and cohort studies were all included in this review.

    DATA EXTRACTION: The first, second, and fourth authors (N.N., W.I., B.N.) independently extracted data using data fields predefined by the third author (M.B.). The data extracted through this review included study objective, study design, purpose of telerehabilitation, telerehabilitation equipment, patient/sample, age, disease, data collection methods, theory/framework, and adoption themes.

    DATA SYNTHESIS: A telerehabilitation adoption process model was proposed to highlight the significance of the readiness stage and to classify the primary studies. The articles were classified based on 6 adoption themes, namely users' perception, perspective, and experience; users' satisfaction; users' acceptance and adherence; TeleRehab usability; individual readiness; and users' motivation and awareness.

    RESULTS: A total of 133 of 914 articles met the eligibility criteria. The majority of papers were randomized controlled trials (27%), followed by surveys (15%). Almost 49% of the papers examined the use of telerehabilitation technology in patients with nervous system problems, 23% examined physical disability disorders, 10% examined cardiovascular diseases, and 8% inspected pulmonary diseases.

    CONCLUSION: Research on the adoption of telerehabilitation is still in its infancy and needs further attention from researchers working in health care, especially in resource-limited countries. Indeed, studies on the adoption of telerehabilitation are essential to minimize implementation failure, as these studies will help to inform health care personnel and clients about successful adoption strategies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Telerehabilitation/methods*
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